Disposition Categories Research Articles

Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Disposisi Matematis Siswa Kelas VII SMPN 7 Bukittinggi

This research is based on the low mathematical problem-solving ability of students, one of which is because during the learning process students tend to be silent and not confident when answering the practice questions given, there is no courage to answer every question given. The purpose of this study is to find out students' mathematical problem-solving ability reviewed from mathematical disposition. This type of research is a qualitative description research. The research subjects were selected 3 students out of 29 students, namely, one student for each category of mathematical disposition, including high, medium, and low mathematical disposition categories. The instruments used are questionnaire instruments, mathematical problem-solving ability tests, and interview guidelines. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawn. The data validity technique used is triangulation technique. Based on the results of this study, students with a high category of mathematical disposition have a level of mathematical problem-solving ability with a very good category. Then students with a moderate category of mathematical disposition have a level of mathematical problem-solving ability with a sufficient category. Furthermore, students with a low category of mathematical disposition have a different level of mathematical problem-solving ability, which is less and less

Analysis of Contextual Problem Solving Ability of Three-Variable Linear Equation System Material Given Mathematical Disposition

This research aims to analyze students' difficulties related to mathematical dispositions and measure students' abilities in solving problems related to three-variable linear equation systems based on mathematical dispositions. Descriptive analysis methods are used in this qualitative research. All X-G students were given a mathematical disposition survey as part of the data collection process for this research. Three students were selected from each mathematical disposition category to take a test of their contextual problem-solving skills. Based on the results of the research, there were three groups of students in class X-G SMAN 1 TOROH, namely 3 students with high mathematics dispositions, 14 students with medium mathematics dispositions, and 16 students with low mathematics dispositions. Based on the analysis of answers and discussions, students with strong mathematical skills have excellent problem-solving skills because they meet three problem-solving indicators, namely making a problem-solving plan, implementing a problem-solving plan, and evaluating problems. Students have difficulty in the indicator of understanding problems because they are not used to writing what they know and what is asked. Students with a moderate mathematical disposition meet two indicators of problem-solving, namely creating and implementing a problem-solving plan, so they are in the moderate category in terms of problem-solving. Students with moderate mathematical dispositions also have difficulty writing the conclusion of the problem. Because students with low mathematical dispositions only fulfill one indicator, namely evaluating the problem, these students have problem-solving skills in the low category. In addition, students with low mathematical dispositions had difficulty in applying the formula.

Clinical behavior: are the dispositional categories serving to help maintain healthcare and psychotherapeutic adherence?

The formulation of coherent psychological models to address problems related to health care, especially with regard to the lack of adherence to health and psychotherapeutic treatment, is hampered, as far as the behavioral clinic is concerned, by the rejection on the part of radically environmentalist behavioral variants of the theoretical and evaluative use of dispositional categories—personality traits and health beliefs in the context of this article. It is suggested that such use is beneficial and not inconsistent with the premises of a behavioral approach, so the aforementioned constructs are interpreted in terms of learning theory and it is shown how this reformulation, embodied in Staats' theory, can Contribute to the construction of alternatives that facilitate the examination, prediction and modification of the client's attitudes in the biopsychosocial framework of their health habits.

Analysis of Mathematics Literacy Ability in Solving PISA-type Questions viewed from Students’ Mathematical Disposition

The purpose of this research intended to described the qualities of students' mathematical dispositions and mathematical literacy in response to PISA-style questions. This research uses qualitative approaches and also incorporated within the qualitative descriptive research. The 39 students in class 10 MIPA who participated in the research were then reduced to three students to represent the low, medium, and high levels of disposition. The data were gathered using a questionnaire that measures students' mathematical disposition, a written essay test that measures students' mathematical literacy, and direct interviews. The outcome revealed that seven students fell into the low mathematical disposition category, 24 students had medium mathematical disposition, and eight students had high mathematical disposition. On the PISA scale of mathematical literacy, students with low mathematical disposition earn level 2, students with medium mathematical dsiposition achieved level 4 whereas those with strong mathematical disposition obtain level 6.

Risk Factor Analysis of Hospital Readmissions at St. Petersburg General Hospital.

Decreased readmission rates are largely seen as an indicator of effective care and improved resource management. The case management team at St. Petersburg General Hospital in St. Petersburg, Florida identified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation, pneumonia, and sepsis as 3 of the leading diagnoses on index admission that later led to 30-day readmissions. By examining patients with these 3 diagnoses on index admission, we decided to investigate potential readmission risk factors including patient age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), length of stay during the index admission, insurance type during index admission, discharge placement after index admission, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and type 2 diabetes. We conducted a retrospective study with data from 4180 patients at St. Petersburg General Hospital from 2016 through 2019 with index admission diagnoses of COPD exacerbation, pneumonia, and sepsis. A univariate analysis was conducted on patient sex, race, BMI, length of stay during the index admission, health insurance type during the index admission, discharge placement after the index admission, presence of coronary artery disease, presence of heart failure, and presence of type 2 diabetes. Subsequently, a bivariate analysis was run on these variables in relation to 30-day readmissions. Then a multivariable analysis was completed using binary logistic regression and pairwise analysis to determine the significance between variables within the categories of discharge disposition and insurance type. Of the 4180 patients included in this study, 926 (22.2%) were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. In the bivariate analysis race, BMI, mean length of stay during the index admission, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and type 2 diabetes were not significantly associated with readmission. The bivariate analysis revealed that patients discharged to skilled nursing facilities had the highest readmission rates (28%), followed by home care (26%) (P = .001). Medicaid patients (24%) and Medicare patients (23%) demonstrated higher read-mission rates than those with private insurance (17%) (P = .001). Readmitted patients were slightly younger (62.14 vs. 63.69 years; P = .02) in the bivariate analysis. However, in the multi-variable analysis, only patients with type 2 diabetes and patients with non-private insurance were associated with increased readmission rates. Pairwise analysis of the variables within insurance and discharge disposition categories demonstrates decreased readmission for individuals with Private/Other when compared to other insurance subtypes and decreased readmission for Other when compared to discharge disposition subtypes. Our data demonstrate that hospital readmissions are associated with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and having a non-private insurance status. Our findings lead us to suggest further investigation into changes in hospital policies and procedures for these groups that will aim to decrease readmission rates in the future.

An Analysis Of Students’ Problem-Solving Skills Based On Mathematic Disposition During The Covid-19 Pandemic

One of the psychological factors that affect problem solving ability is mathematical disposition. Students need a positive mathematical disposition that will make them persistent in facing problems and developing good habits in learning mathematics. The condition of Covid-19 outbreak emphasizes the importance of positive mathematical disposition and good problem solving skills. This study aims at describing students' mathematical problem-solving skills based on mathematical dispositions during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This research belongs to a qualitative descriptive study that involved 27 students in the fourth semester as the research subject. The research data were collected from questionnaires, test descriptions, and interviews. The questionnaire results were used to categorize students' mathematical dispositions. It was followed by an interview with two students selected from each group of mathematical disposition categories. The results of tests and interviews were analyzed based on the category of students' mathematical dispositions. The results of this study showed the three categories of students' mathematical dispositions i.e high, moderate, and low. The students with high mathematical dispositions show good mathematical problem-solving skills because they can perform all indicators of mathematical problem-solving abilities. The students of moderate mathematical disposition were only able to perform the 2-3 indicators. The students of the low mathematical disposition category only fulfilled the 1-2 indicators.

117EMF Trends in High-Intensity Billing and Visit Complexity of Treat-and-Release Emergency Department Visits in the US, 2006-2018

To characterize the number of treat-and-release ED visits in the US from 2006 to 2018 by their physician services evaluation and management codes (level of service), and to characterize how risk-adjusted likelihood of high-intensity billing in 2018 compares to 2006. This is an observational analysis of the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from the AHRQ Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project in 2006 and 2018. We included all treat-and-release ED visits (not resulting in admission to the same hospital) for adult patients, excluding visits with disposition against medical advice, left without being seen, or death in ED. Current Procedural Technology (CPT) codes for these visits were available for evaluation and management codes level of service. Consistent with prior work, we defined ED visits with level of service 5 (CPT 99285) or critical care (CPT 99291/99292) as high-intensity billing. We defined diagnostic categories using Clinical Classification Software, developed by AHRQ to provide meaningful groupings of diagnoses. The top ten modal diagnosis categories, as well as primary payer (Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, self-pay), sex, and age were utilized in subsequent modeling. The outcome was high-intensity visit rate, utilizing survey weights for nationally-representative estimates, in 2006 and 2018. We report both the unadjusted ratio of high-intensity billing rate for 2018 as compared to 2006 and the risk-adjusted observed:expected ratio for high-intensity billing in 2018. We constructed a logistic regression model using 2006 data with the following covariates: disposition (discharged, transfer, home healthcare), age, sex, primary payer, and diagnosis category amongst the ten modal categories. In order to generate risk-adjusted observed:expected ratio in 2018, we divided the observed rate with that predicted for high- intensity billing using the above logistic regression model and inputted 2018 data. In 2006 there were an estimated 79,515,535 treat-and-release ED visits nationwide meeting sample criteria, of which 4,773,046 ED visits (6.0%) were classified as high-intensity. By 2018, there were 96, 739, 780 such visits nationwide of which 17,172,884 (17.7%) were classified as high-intensity. The unadjusted ratio of the high intensity billing rate in 2018 as compared to 2006 was 2.95. In logistical regression analysis using data from 2006, increasing age, transfer to a short-term hospital, Medicare, Medicaid, abdominal pain, and lower respiratory diseases were associated with greater likelihood of high-intensity visitation. The observed high-intensity billing rate in 2018, 17.7%, was slightly higher than that expected based on the model, 15.3%, yielding an observed:expected ratio of 1.15. High-intensity billing for treat-and-release ED visits had increased in the period from 2006 to 2018. Several patient-level factors predict high-intensity billing, and accounting for these factors given observed trends in ED case-mix such as increased visitation by older adults, those insured by public programs, evolution of the ED as an acute diagnostic certain, results in fairly modest differences in risk-adjusted billing rates. Policymakers must consider the increasingly complex needs of patients receiving outpatient services when designing payment policies.

Students Abstract Thinking Abilities in terms of Mathematical Disposition

This research aims to describe students abstract thinking abilities in the probability theory course in terms of mathematical disposition. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were 5th-semester students who took probability theory courses. Determination of subjects using purposive sampling techniques. Instruments used include test results of mathematical abstract thinking abilities, disposition questionnaires, interview guidelines, and researchers as the key instruments. Analysis data using the Miles model and Huberman includes data reduction, display data and conclusion drawing/verification. The research results are, Subject 1 (S1) is in the high mathematical disposition category, fulfills three indicators of abstract thinking abilities, namely transforming problems into symbols, manipulation process of abstract mathematical objects, and the formation of mathematical concepts related to other concepts. Subject 2 (S2) is in the medium mathematical disposition category, fulfilling two indicators of abstract thinking abilities, namely transforming problems into symbols and the manipulation process of abstract mathematical objects, the formation of mathematical concepts related to other concepts. Subject 3 (S3) is in the low mathematical disposition category, it only fulfills one indicator of the abstract thinking abilities, namely transforming problems into symbols.

Neuroscience study: analysis of mathematical creative thinking ability levels in terms of gender differences in vocational high school students

This study aims to determine the mathematical creative thinking abilities Level in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category for each gender difference. This research is qualitative research using a qualitative descriptive method conducted at SMK Pertiwi Kuningan. This study describes mathematical creative thinking abilities of mathematics learning by collecting descriptive data obtained from the classification dispositions of mathematical creative thinking categories, creative thinking abilities test questions, and valid and reliable interviews. The research subjects chosen were four students from 57 students. The research subjects were two male students and two female students who had creative abilities, and the highest test scores were in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category. Data analysis was performed with the stages of data collection, reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that male and female students in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category have creative abilities that fulfill the aspects of flexibility, fluency, and elaboration. Flexibility and fluency aspects have an average score with very good criteria. Then, there are differences in the elaboration aspect, where the average score of female and male students are 3.9 and 3.4, respectively. It shows that the difference is not significant, namely 0.5, which indicates that female students are better at the elaboration aspect. Even so, male students also fulfill the elaboration aspect, wherein the very good criteria both. However, male and female students did not satisfy the originality aspect. The creative ability can be reached by having a high mathematical creative thinking disposition. Therefore, the teacher must be able to instill a high mathematical creative thinking disposition in mathematics learning. The high mathematical creative thinking disposition makes students flexible, fluent, and thorough in solving mathematical problems.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Berdasarkan Disposisi Matematis

This study aims to describe students' mathematical problem-solving abilities based on mathematical dispositions at Riyadlul Mukhlishien Middle School. This type of research used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects used were 21 students of class VIII A. The data sources of this research are in the form of questionnaires, test descriptions and interviews. The results of the questionnaire were used to classify the level of students' mathematical dispositions. After that, two students from each category of mathematical disposition were selected to be the subject of tests and interviews. The results of tests and interviews of mathematical problem-solving abilities were analyzed based on the mathematical disposition of the students. The results of this study indicate that the mathematical disposition of SMP Riyadlul Mukhlishien students is divided into three categories, high, medium and low. Students who have mathematical problem-solving abilities in the high mathematical disposition category are able to meet the indicators of mathematical problem-solving abilities well and write them down completely. Students who have mathematical problem-solving abilities in the moderate mathematical disposition category are able to meet the indicators of mathematical problem-solving abilities but do not write them down completely. Students who have mathematical problem-solving abilities in the low mathematical disposition category are less able to meet the indicators of mathematical problem-solving abilities because they do not write them down completely and still experience errors in calculations

The Effect Mathematics Disposition of Vocational High School Students on Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability

Problem-solving ability is a basic skill of the 21st century. The problem-solving ability of each individual is not only about the result assessed but also their attitude in the problem-solving process. The attitude here is a mathematical disposition. This research used descriptive qualitative analysis to determine and describe the extent to wich the indicators of mathematical problem-solving abilities have been achieved and to determine the level of the students’ mathematical disposition categories. Sampling was conducted by utilizing purposive sampling technique and obtained three subjects from the eleventh-grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah Salatiga. There were two instruments used in this research there are a mathematical problem-solving ability test and a mathematical disposition questionnaire. The validity of the data used was the data triangulation method. Results showed that student in the high mathematical disposition category is able to carry out all of Polya’s problem-solving stages. Student in the moderate mathematical disposition category can carry out the stages of understanding the problem, devising the problem-solving plan and carrying out the paln. In addition, student in the low mathematical disposition category can carry out the stage of understanding the problem.

Implementation of a Medication for Addiction Treatment (MAT) and Linkage Program by Leveraging Community Partnerships and Medical Toxicology Expertise.

Implementing a hospital medication for addiction treatment (MAT) and a linkage program can improve care for patients with substance use disorder (SUD); however, lack of hospital funding and brick and mortar SUD resources are potential barriers to feasibility. This study assesses the feasibility of implementation of a SUD linkage program. Components of the program include a county-funded hospital opioid support team (HOST), a hospital-employed addiction recovery specialist (ARS), and a medical toxicology MAT induction service and maintenance program. Data for linkage by HOST, ARS, and MAT program were tracked from July 2018 to December 2019. From July 2018 through December 2019, 1834 patients were linked to treatment: 1536 by HOST and 298 by the ARS. The most common disposition categories for patients linked by HOST were 16.73% to medically monitored detoxification, 9.38% to intensive outpatient, and 8.59% to short-term residential treatment. Among patients linked by the ARS, 65.66% were linked to outpatient treatment and 9.43% were linked directly to inpatient treatment. A total of 223 patients managed by the ARS were started on MAT by medical toxicology and linked to outpatient MAT clinic: 72.68% on buprenorphine/naloxone, 24.59% on naltrexone, 1.09% buprenorphine, and 0.55% acamprosate. Implementing a MAT and linkage program in the ED and hospital setting was feasible. Leveraging medical toxicology expertise as well as community and funding partnerships was crucial to successful implementation.

Rehabilitation Counselor Supervisors’ Perceptions of Counselor Professional Dispositions for Rural Service Delivery

Professional dispositions are recognized as a fundamental to counselor professional practice, but this construct remains largely undefined. This qualitative study explored the professional dispositions that rehabilitation counselors should demonstrate for effective service delivery, particularly within rural areas. The researchers conducted semi-structured interviews to gather perspectives on the conceptualization and identification of professional dispositions in the field. Participants for this study were practicing rehabilitation counseling supervisors ( n = 14) from five states and largely represented state/federal vocational rehabilitation agencies ( n= 12). A preliminary, field-driven definition of the term professional disposition is presented, and primary dispositional categories are identified. Findings indicated three major dispositional themes that are necessary and generalizable to rehabilitation service delivery: traditional rehabilitation counseling values, professional attitude and conduct, and ethically principled behavior. A theme discrete to rural rehabilitation is also identified, community oriented. These domains reflect a focus on the client, the agency, and the community. The concept of ethically principled practice was a bridging theme that connects and is interwoven across the three main themes. Implications for practice and future research suggestions are also discussed.

Post-operative disposition and readmission rates in repeat resections for glioblastoma.

e14543 Background: Glioblastoma Multiforme is an aggressive primary brain tumor that will inevitably recur despite initial resection and maximal medical treatment, and re-resection is often pursued. Surgical resection has been shown to impact survival both in the upfront and recurrent settings, but it is unknown if subsequent resections impart worsened neurologic outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate patient’s post-operative disposition, hospital length of stay, and readmission within 30 days of discharge as a function of number of resections. Methods: This project was a retrospective chart review. Demographic information was collected regarding patients’ age, sex, IDH-1 mutation, and MGMT methylation status, and each patient’s discharge summary and hospital encounters were reviewed to determine length of hospital stay, location of disposition (home, acute rehabilitation facility, or skilled nursing facility), and readmission within 30 days of initial release. Univariate associations between each clinical predictor and outcome of interest were evaluated. Results: 162 patients with Glioblastoma as indicated on initial surgical pathology report met the inclusion criteria. 108 patients underwent two resections, 48 underwent three resections, and 6 underwent four resections. No statistically significant associations were observed between resection number and age, sex, MGMT methylation status, IDH-1 mutational status, disposition category, hospital length of stay, or readmission within 30 days. Disposition category after first resection was significantly associated with disposition category after second resection (p = 0.041) and readmission within 30 days after second resection was significantly associated with readmission within 30 days after third resection (p = 0.003). Hospital length of stay after second or third resections was not significantly different than a patient’s length of stay after first resection. Conclusions: These data demonstrate for the first time that subsequent resections are not associated with worse patient outcomes and that patient disposition after initial resection is an important predictor of disposition with subsequent resections.

High School Students’ Responses in Solving Linear Program Problems Based on SOLO Taxonomy Viewed from Mathematical Disposition

In mathematics learning, students need a cognitive domain that is supported by an equivalent affective domain. One of the factors students can master or like math is that they must have an interest and curiosity in learning mathematics. Interest of students can solve mathematics problems more efficiently. The combination of affinity and interest in learning mathematics will form a positive attitude which is often called a mathematical disposition. Mathematical disposition is students’ beliefs and attitudes about mathematics that support the tendency to see mathematics as reasonable and useful as well as the role he or she believes diligence plays in solving mathematical tasks. SOLO taxonomy can be classified into five levels ranging from simple to high levels, pre-structural, uni-structural, multi-structural, relational, and extended abstract. This study uses descriptive qualitative research that has the purpose of describing level response of students who have high, medium, and low mathematical disposition categories. The subjects in this study were senior high school students in the City of Kediri with a purposive sampling technique in a class of 35 students and obtained three subjects which represent every category of mathematical disposition. The results of this study are (1) Student with high mathematical disposition is at the extended abstract level, (2) Student with medium mathematical disposition is at the multi-structural level, (3) Student with low mathematical disposition is at the pre-structural level.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIK DAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIK SISWA MTs NURUL HATTA KELAS VII PADA MATERI HIMPUNAN

The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine students' communication skills and mathematical dispositions, examine the communication skills in the material set by giving them written tests in the form of essays. The subjects in this study were 10 students of class VIIA MTs Nurul Hatta Ciharasas Bandung Barat. The question instrument used consisted of 5 questions with indicators of mathematical communication skills, and a questionnaire was made to look at mathematical dispositions or students' confidence in mathematics. The research method uses descriptive analysis, which is a case study to determine the extent of achievement of indicators of mathematical communication skills and to know the level of mathematical disposition categories. Processing data is calculated in the form of percent of indicators of cognitive and affective abilities. Based on the results of the highest indicator research that is 100% and the lowest is 20.33%

Characteristics and Trends of Emergency Department Visits in the United States (2010–2014)

It is important that policy makers, health administrators, and emergency physicians have up-to-date statistics on the most common diagnoses of patients seen in the emergency department (ED). We sought to describe the changes that occurred in ED visits from 2010 through 2014 and to describe the frequency of different ED diagnoses. This is a retrospective analysis of ED visit data from the National Emergency Department Sample from 2010 through 2014. Visits were stratified by age, sex, insurance status, disposition, diagnosis, and diagnostic category. We calculated the total annual ED visits and the ED visit rates by diagnoses and diagnostic categories. Between 2010 and 2014, the number of U.S. ED visits increased from 128.9 million to 137.8 million. The rate of ED Visits per 1000 persons increased from 416.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] 399.47-434.37) in 2010 to 432.51 (95% CI 411.51-453.61) in 2014 (p=0.0136). ED visits grew twice as quickly (1.7%) as the overall population (0.7%). The most common reason for an ED visit was abdominal pain (11.75% [95% CI 11.61-11.89]). This was followed by mental health problems (4.45% [95% CI 4.19-4.72]). The number of ED visits in the United States continues to increase faster than the rate of population growth. Abdominal problems and mental health issues, including substance abuse, were the most common reasons for an ED visit in 2014.

KARAKTERISTIK PROFIL METAKOGNISI SISWA DALAM PENYELESAIAN MASALAH MATEMATIS TINGKAT TINGGI (HIGH ORDER THINKING) DITINJAU DARI DISPOSISI MATEMATIS SISWA

Abstract Studying and tracking the metacognitive characteristics of students is necessary to be able to choose the strategy or learning method that will be used. This study aims to see how the characteristics of metacognitive profiles of students in the completion of high-order mathematical problems (high order thinking) in terms of mathematical disposition of students and to see the effect of learning that focuses on metacogntif on learning outcomes. Based on the result of the research, it is found that students with high disposition category are able to finish each stage of solving of high level mathematical problem, whereas in low category students still not complete complete problem stages. Stages passed by the students of the low disposition category is the stage of evaluation is to check back the results of answers. In the calculation results using statistical tests also obtained that students who applied learning that focuses on more have a higher learning outcome value when compared with ordinary learning. Keywords: Metacognitive, High Order Thinking, Disposition Mathematics

A long-term retrospective study on rehabilitation of seabirds in Gran Canaria Island, Spain (2003-2013).

AimsThe aims of this study were to analyze the causes of morbidity and mortality in a large population of seabirds admitted to the Tafira Wildlife Rehabilitation Center (TWRC) in Gran Canaria Island, Spain, from 2003 to 2013, and to analyze the outcomes of the rehabilitation process.MethodsWe included 1,956 seabirds (133 dead on admission and 1,823 admitted alive) in this study. Causes of morbidity were classified into nine categories: light pollution (fallout), fishing gear interaction, crude oil, poisoning/intoxication, other traumas, metabolic/nutritional disorder, orphaned young birds, other causes, and unknown/undetermined. The crude and stratified (by causes of admission) rates of the three final disposition categories (euthanasia Er, unassisted mortality Mr, and release Rr), the time until death, and the length of stay were also studied for the seabirds admitted alive.ResultsYellow-legged Gull (Larus michahellis) was the species most frequently admitted (46.52%), followed by Cory’s Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea borealis) (20.09%). The most frequent causes of morbidity were light pollution (fallout) (25.81%), poisoning/intoxication (24.69%), and other traumas (18.14%). The final disposition rates were: Er = 15.35%, Mr = 16.29%, and Rr = 68.34%. The highest Er was observed in the ‘other traumas’ category (58.08%). Seabirds admitted due to metabolic/nutritional disorder had the highest Mr (50%). The highest Rr was observed in the light pollution (fallout) category (99.20%).ConclusionsThis survey provides useful information for the conservation of several seabird species. We suggest that at least the stratified analysis by causes of admission of the three final disposition rates, and the parameters time until death and length of stay at the center should be included in the outcome research of the rehabilitation of seabirds. The high release rate for seabirds (68.34%) achieved at the TWRC emphasizes the importance of wildlife rehabilitation centers for the conservation of seabirds.

Determinants of heat generation in patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia following cardiac arrest.

BackgroundTherapeutic hypothermia (TH) is recommended to reduce ischemic brain injury after cardiac arrest. The variables that predict heat generation by patients receiving TH are uncertain, as is how this heat generation relates to neurologic outcome. We hypothesized that patient characteristics, medication use, inflammation, and organ injury would be associated with heat generation. We further hypothesized that neurologic outcome would be most strongly associated with heat generation.Methods and ResultsSurface and intravascular cooling devices were used to provide TH in 57 consecutive cardiac arrest patients. Device water temperatures during the maintenance (33°C) phase were collected. Patient heat generation was quantified as the “heat index” (HI), which was the inverse average water temperature over a minimum of 2 hours of maintenance hypothermia. Variables measuring reduced ischemic injury and improved baseline health were significantly associated with HI. After controlling for presenting rhythm, a higher HI was independently associated with favorable disposition (OR=2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.1; P=0.014) and favorable Cerebral Performance Category (OR=1.8; 95% CI 1.0 to 3.1; P=0.035). Higher HI predicted favorable disposition (receiver‐operator area under the curve 0.71, P=0.029). HI was linearly correlated with arteriovenous CO2 (r=0.69; P=0.041) but not O2 (r=0.13; P=0.741) gradients.ConclusionsIn cardiac arrest patients receiving TH, greater heat generation is associated with better baseline health, reduced ischemic injury, and improved neurologic function, which results in higher metabolism. HI can control for confounding effects of patient heat generation in future clinical trials of rapid TH and offers early prognostic information.