Disease In Chinese People Research Articles

Circulating levels of GDF-15 for predicting cardiovascular and cancer morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes: Findings from Da Qing IGT and Diabetes Study

AimTo investigate the relationship between circulating growth differentiation factor (GDF-15) levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in people with diabetes. MethodsTotally, 510 participants with type 2 diabetes were enrolled from the long-term follow-up of the Da Qing Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) and Diabetes Study (2006–2009). Plasma GDF-15 levels were assessed. Outcomes of cardiovascular events, cancer, and related death were followed up until 2016. ResultsOver a 7.5-year follow-up period, 143 (28.0%) of the participants died, and 155 and 56 experienced cardiovascular events and cancer respectively. Multivariable Cox analysis showed that higher circulating GDF-15 levels were significantly associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular and cancer death. The HRs after adjustment of traditional confounders were 1.90 (95%CI 1.31–2.74) and 2.50 (95%CI 1.34–4.67) respectively for an increase in one unit of loge transformed GDF-15 (pg/ml). The cause-specific hazard model analysis further confirmed the results after adjusting the same confounders. In addition, the higher GDF-15 levels were also significantly associated with the increased risk of cardiovascular events (HR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.04–1.76) and cancer (HR=1.62, 95%CI 1.06–2.47). ConclusionsElevated circulating levels of GDF-15 predicted a significant increase in the dual risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes. Thus, it may be a potential predictor of these outcomes in people with diabetes.

Association between genetic polymorphisms of miRNAs (miR-8079 and miR-5007) and susceptibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Chinese people

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been recognized as a heterogeneous disease, which is caused by biological heterogeneity. The purpose of our study is to determine the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of miRNAs (miR-8079 and miR-5007) and the susceptibility to COPD in Chinese population. MethodsWe conducted a ‘case-control’ study involving 315 COPD patients and 314 healthy individuals. Three SNPs of miR-8079 (rs9533803, rs9525927, rs7981875) and three SNPs of miR-5007 (rs9527345, rs2252932, rs2997119) were selected, then we used logistic regression to analyze the association between candidate SNPs and COPD susceptibility under different genetic models. Multi-factor dimensionality reduction (MDR) was used to analyze the interaction of “SNP-SNP” in COPD risk studies. Finally, we used univariate and ANOVA to analyze the differences in clinical characteristics among different genotypes. Results: Our results showed that miR-8079-rs9525927 was significant associated with COPD susceptibility whether in overall and stratified analysis. miR-5007-rs2997119 was associated with the increased risk of COPD in women under multiple genetic models; miR-8079-rs9525927 and miR-5007-rs9527345 had a certain association with clinical indicator Fev_1 of COPD patients; rs9527345 or rs2252932 on miR-5007 was associated with the risk of COPD with wheezing dyspnea or wheezing. ConclusionOur results suggested that the genetic polymorphisms of miR-8079 or miR-5007 were potentially associated with COPD risk, of which miR-8079-rs9525927 was more prominent.

The single nucleotide polymorphism rs11643718 in SLC12A3 is associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes.

AimsTo examine the association between 24 literature‐based single nucleotide polymorphisms and diabetic kidney disease in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes.Methods and resultsTwenty‐four candidate diabetic kidney disease‐susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in 208 participants with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease and 200 participants with type 2 diabetes without diabetic kidney disease (case and control groups, respectively), together with 206 healthy participants using MassARRAY. Rs11643718 in the SLC12A3 gene was associated with diabetic kidney disease in the recessive model after adjusting for confounding factors, such as age and gender (adjusted odds ratio 2.056, 95% CI 1.120–3.776; P = 0.020). Meta‐analyses further confirmed the association (P = 0.002). In addition, participants with the GG genotype had worse renal function and more albuminuria than those with the AA+AG genotype (P < 0.05). Renal section immunohistochemistry was conducted in participants with type 2 diabetes, diabetic kidney disease and AA+AG or GG genotypes and in participants with glomerular minor lesions. Together with data from the Nephroseq database, it was shown that the abundance of SLC12A3 was reduced in patients with the GG genotype, while elevated expression of SLC12A3 was associated with better renal function. In addition, rs10951509 and rs1345365 in ELMO1, which were determined to be in high linkage disequilibrium by SHEsis software, were also associated with diabetic kidney disease (adjusted P = 0.010 and 0.015, respectively).ConclusionsThe G allele and GG genotype of SLC12A3 rs11643718 are associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes.

Interaction between eNOS gene polymorphism and current smoking on susceptibility to coronary heart disease in Chinese people.

This study aims to explore the relation between endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). SNPstats (online software: http://bioinfo.iconcologia.net/SNPstats) was performed to test Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was adopted to screen the preferable interaction between eNOS SNPs and smoking. The frequency for the rs1799983-T allele was 31.1% in CHD patients, which was significantly higher than that of 19.8% in controls (P < 0.05). The frequency for the rs891512-A allele was 28.8% in cases, which was also significantly higher than that of 20.1% in controls (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that both rs1799983-T and rs891512-A alleles were related with increased risk of CHD, and the odds ratios (ORs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] were 1.71 (1.31-2.15) and 1.57 (1.14-2.07), respectively. High-order interactions were investigated among SNPs and environmental factors using the GMDR method. The data showed that a two-locus model (rs1799983 × smoking) had a testing accuracy of 0.60 (P = 0.001). We found that current smokers with rs1799983-GT or TT within eNOS gene have the highest CHD risk, compared to never smokers with rs1799983-GG genotype, OR (95% CI) = 2.74 (1.78-3.85), after covariates adjustment for age, gender, BMI, and alcohol drinking. The rs1799983-T and rs891512-A alleles and interaction between rs1799983 and smoking were all risk factors of CHD.

Bioactive Ingredients in Chinese Herbal Medicines That Target Non-coding RNAs: Promising New Choices for Disease Treatment.

Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) are widely used in China and have long been a powerful method to treat diseases in Chinese people. Bioactive ingredients are the main components extracted from herbs that have therapeutic properties. Since artemisinin was discovered to inhibit malaria by Nobel laureate Youyou Tu, extracts from natural plants, particularly bioactive ingredients, have aroused increasing attention among medical researchers. The bioactive ingredients of some CHMs have been found to target various non-coding RNA molecules (ncRNAs), especially miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, which have emerged as new treatment targets in numerous diseases. Here we review the evidence that, by regulating the expression of ncRNAs, these ingredients exert protective effects, including pro-apoptosis, anti-proliferation and anti-migration, anti-inflammation, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-infection, anti-senescence, and suppression of structural remodeling. Consequently, they have potential as treatment agents in diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, nervous system disease, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, infectious diseases, and senescence-related diseases. Although research has been relatively limited and inadequate to date, the promising choices and new alternatives offered by bioactive ingredients for the treatment of the above diseases warrant serious investigation.

Association of A53T polymorphism with Parkinson' s disease in Chinese patients

Objective To investigate the association of α-synaptophysin A53T gene polymorphism with parkinson's disease(PD) in Chinese people. Methods The conventional polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the α-synaptophysin A53T gene polymorphism in 224 sporadic PD patients(PD group)and 154 healthy individuals(control group). According to the Hoehn-Yahr(H-Y) classification standard, PD patients were divided into H-Y≥3 group(n=172) and H-Y≤2.5 group(n=52). Each genotype and alleles frequencies as well as the A53T gene expression and their relation to the severity of parkinson's disease were analyzed with Chi-square test of SPSS19.0. Results The frequency of the A53T genotype of A/A were 40(17.9%) and 10(6.5%) (χ2=10.267, P=0.001, OR=3.13, 95%CI=1.514-6.473) in the PD group and control group, respectively. The frequency of the allele A was 160(35.7%) and 70(22.7%) (χ2=14.543, P=0.000, OR=1.889, 95%CI=1.359-2.625) in the PD group and control group, respectively. The frequency of the A53T genotype of A/A was 30(17.4%) and 10(19.2%) in the H-Y≥3 group and H-Y≤2.5 group, respectively, with significant difference (P=0.003, 0.007)as compared to the control group. The frequency of the allele A was 122(35.5%) and 38(36.5%) in the the H-Y≥3 group and H-Y≤2.5 group, respectively, with significant difference (P=0.000, 0.006) as compared to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference of the A53T genotype of A/A and the allele A between the H-Y≥3 group and H-Y≤2.5 group (P=0.768, 0.841). Conclusion The A53T gene polymorphism is the risk factor of Parkinson's disease in Chinese people, but it isn't correlated to stage of sporadic parkinson's disease. Key words: α-synuclein; A53T; Parkinson's disease

Relative location of foramen ovale, foramen lacerum, and foramen spinosum in Hartel pathway.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a common disease in Chinese people. Minimal invasive transforaminal pathway is widely used in treating trigeminal neuralgia. The Hartel pathway is the most commonly used operation route, but it has potential to injure vessels such as arteria meningea media and the internal carotid artery. We measured the location of operation route, foramen spinosum, and foramen lacerum in a three-dimensional pattern. We found that to protect those 2 vessels, the angle and depth of puncture should be well regulated. The horizontal component of the angle between the needle axis and y axis should be more than 22 degrees in women and 20 degrees in men to avoid the injury of arteria meningea media. And for protecting the internal carotid artery, the depth of puncture should be less than 85 mm for women and 93 mm for men, or less than 9 mm after penetrating the meninges.

Functional CLOCK gene rs1554483 G/C polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease in the Chinese population

To examine the association between the circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) gene rs1554483 G/C polymorphism and susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease in Chinese people. This case-control study determined apolipoprotein E (APOE) and CLOCK rs1554483 G/C genotypes using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Unrelated patients with Alzheimer's disease (n = 130) and healthy controls (n = 188) were analysed for an association between the CLOCK gene rs1554483 G/C polymorphism and susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. In the whole sample and in APOE ε4 isoform noncarriers, the prevalence of CLOCK gene rs1554483 G allele carriers was significantly higher in patients with Alzheimer's disease than in controls. Among APOE ε4 carriers, the prevalence of CLOCK rs1554483 G allele carriers was not significantly different between patients with Alzheimer's disease and controls. Among APOE ε4 noncarriers, but not APOE ε4 carriers, the CLOCK rs1554483 G allele was associated with increased susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease.

Genetic variation in the GCKR gene is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese people

Recent genome-wide association studies reported that GCKR rs780094 polymorphism is associated with elevated fasting serum triglyceride levels and elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). There are a ample of data on the association between circulating triglyceride, CRP concentrations and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). To determine whether the GCKR rs780094 polymorphism contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver, a case-control study was performed in 903 Chinese subjects. Among study population, 436 patients with B-mode ultrasound-proven NAFLD (318 with steatosis hepatis I°, 90 with steatosis hepatis II° and 28 with steatosis hepatis III°) and 467 controls were genotyped by using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. We confirmed the association of GCKR rs780094 with NAFLD in Chinese people (OR = 1.607, 95% CI 1.139-2.271, P[dom] = 7.2 × 10(-3)). In this study, polymorphism in GCKR rs780094 was not significantly associated with the degree of fatty infiltration of the liver. In addition, the T-allele of GCKR rs780094 was significantly associated with increasing fasting triglyceride (P[add] = 3.8 × 10(-4)) and CRP (P[add] = 2.9 × 10(-4)) concentrations after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. The association with NAFLD remained significant after adjustment for triglyceride, while adjustment for CRP abolished the association. Genetic variation in GCKR gene rs780094 polymorphism contributes to the risk of NAFLD in Chinese people. The effect of genotype on NAFLD is probably mediated through chronic low-grade systemic inflammation rather than through dislipidemia.

Genetic polymorphisms of adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese people

Hypoadiponectinemia and high tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels are associated with the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of adiponectin and TNF-alpha in Chinese NAFLD patients and their association with disease severity. Seventy-nine patients with histology-proven NAFLD (61 with simple steatosis and 18 with stage 2-4 fibrosis) and 40 controls were tested for the nucleotide polymorphisms at adiponectin -11 391, -11 377, +45, and +276 and TNF-alpha promoters -863, -308, and -238. There was no significant deviation in the adiponectin and TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms between NAFLD patients and controls, or between patients with simple steatosis and those with stage 2-4 fibrosis. NAFLD patients with -11377G and +45G at the adiponectin gene were more likely to have hypertriglyceridemia. On multivariate analysis, older age, higher body mass index, and higher fasting glucose were independent factors associated with stage 2-4 fibrosis in NAFLD patients. Adiponectin and TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms were not shown to be associated with NAFLD or significant fibrosis in Chinese people. The adiponectin -11377G and +45G alleles were associated with hypertriglyceridemia in NAFLD patients. Since the current study is not adequately powered to detect smaller differences in allele frequencies, larger-sized studies in different ethnic groups are required.

Corrigendum

Liver InternationalVolume 28, Issue 2 p. 288-288 Free Access Corrigendum First published: 31 January 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01640.xAboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat In Hui et al. (1), the following references were cited incorrectly in the text: Methods Diagnosis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed according to the criteria issued by Chinese Society of Hepatology adapted from the American Gastroenterological Association (16, 17). The references should not have been cited in this place in the text: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed according to the criteria issued by Chinese Society of Hepatology adapted from the American Gastroenterological Association. References were also cited incorrectly in Table 6: Table 6. Genotype and allele frequencies of C161T PPAR-γ SNPs across different nations Author n Race Genotypes (%) Allelic frequency (%) CC CT TT C T Ogawa (28)* 404 Japanese 72.0 26.2 1.8 85.1 14.9 Orio (26)* 100 Italian Whites 88.0 11.0 1.0 93.5 6.5 Wang (29)* 147 Austrian Whites 67.8 28.0 4.2 82.3 17.7 This study 96 Chinese 74.0 25.0 1.0 86.5 13.5 Compared with Chinese. * P>0.05. PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphisms. References in Table 6 should have been cited as follows: Table 6. Genotype and allele frequencies of C161T PPAR-γ SNPs across different nations Author n Race Genotypes (%) Allelic frequency (%) CC CT TT C T Ogawa (24)* 404 Japanese 72.0 26.2 1.8 85.1 14.9 Orio (23)* 100 Italian Whites 88.0 11.0 1.0 93.5 6.5 Wang (29)* 147 Austrian Whites 67.8 28.0 4.2 82.3 17.7 This study 96 Chinese 74.0 25.0 1.0 86.5 13.5 Compared with Chinese. * P>0.05. PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphisms. The authors apologize for the errors. Reference 1 Hui Y, Yu-Yuan L, Yu-Qiang N, et al. Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ and co-activator-1α genetic polymorphisms on plasma adiponectin levels and susceptibility of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese people. Liver Int 2008: Epub ahead of print (doi:DOI: 10.1111/J.1478-3231.2007.01623.x). Google Scholar Volume28, Issue2February 2008Pages 288-288 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Effect of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors‐γ and co‐activator‐1α genetic polymorphisms on plasma adiponectin levels and susceptibility of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese people

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-gamma (PPAR-gamma) and its co-activator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) are involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolisms. This study aimed to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of PPAR-gamma and PGC-1alpha in Chinese people and their influence on plasma adiponectin levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) susceptibility. Ninety-six patients with NAFLD and 96 healthy controls were included. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of C161T PPAR-gammaand Gly482Ser PGC-1alpha genes were analysed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The CC, CT and TT genotypic distributions of the NAFLD group were significantly different from those of controls (55.2, 39.6, 5.2 vs. 74.0, 25.0, 1.0%; P=0.015). The allelic frequencies of C and T were also different between the two groups (P=0.004). As for the PGC-1alpha gene, there was no difference of the genotypic and allelic frequencies between the two groups (P>0.05). In NAFLD patients, the plasma adiponectin concentrations were lower in the PPAR-gamma CT/TT genotypes compared with those in the CC genotype group (3.0+/-0.6 vs. 4.3+/-0.9, P=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CT/TT genotypes of PPAR-gamma, TG, waist hip ratio, hypoadiponectinaemia and homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR were the risk factors for NAFLD. SNPs in the PPAR-gamma, but not PGC-1alpha, gene are associated with NAFLD susceptibility possibly through the adiponectin pathway.

Cinical and pathological characteristics of Chinese patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody associated systemic vasculitides: a study of 426 patients from a single centre

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) are serological markers of ANCA associated systemic vasculitides (AASV), which is one of the most common multisystem autoimmune diseases. Features of Chinese patients with AASV...

On Mackenzie, a missionary of the London Mission

Mackenzie, a missionary of the London Mission, came to China in 1875. He first did missionary works in Hankou and moved to Tianjin in 1879, during which he established the London Mission Hospital and a medical school under the assistance of Li Hongzhang. He made certain contributions to the elimination of diseases in Chinese people and the spread of western medicine.

Comparison of intimal thickening of Chinese and New Zealand coronary arteries

Coronary arteris from forensic autopsies on 170 Chinese subjects aged 0 to 60 years were compared with those of 301 new Zealand individuals of corresponding ages to explore the reasons for the lower incidence of coronary artery disease in Chinese people. Intimal thickening progressed more rapidly in Chinese subjects up to the age of 30 years, but more slowly in the older age groups. The most striking difference was the much reduced lipid content of the intima and the better formed luminal surface of Chinese arteries of older subjects. These observations are consistent with the known dietary and plasma lipid differences between the peoples of China and the Western world, and they offer further evidence of the damaging effect of lipid and macrophages on the formation of an elastin membrane at the luminal surface of the intima subjacent to the endothelial cells.

Crohn’s Disease in Chinese People in Vancouver, British Columbia

Crohn’s Disease in Chinese People in Vancouver, British Columbia