Rights Of Disabled People Research Articles

INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN CENTRAL ASIA: THE CASE OF UZBEKISTAN: RIGHTS VS OPPORTUNITIES

In the course of this study, using the theoretical method of comparative analysis and the empirical method of questioning, the level of adaptation of students with different types of disabilities in the educational process is revealed. The discrepancy between the rights of disabled people as declared by the state and the lack of implementation in practice is revealed. Conclusions are made about the main barriers to the adaptation of students with disabilities, consisting in their marginalization and stigmatization by, firstly, their peers; second, on the part of the teaching staff (unpreparedness of teachers to work with disabled people); third, on the part of relatives and friends. Conclusions are formulated and a set of recommendations proposed.

Penerapan Graphic Standard Manual pada Visual Identity Produk Komoditi Batik Berpotensi Ekspor

Mahkota Laweyan is a Small and Medium Industry in the field of environmentally friendly batik and produces "Toeli" brand batik made by deaf people. Recruitment of deaf people is intended to provide equal opportunities and rights for disabled people to get decent work. Mahkota Laweyan employs 17 employees and now has 17 types of patented batik products. These batik commodity products have met Indonesian National Standards (SNI) and have export potential. This product also has the right to use the collective brand held by the Laweyan Batik Kampoeng Development Forum (FPKBL). However, each batik product that has a patent requires a visual identity. For export purposes, a strong visual identity is needed because it is very important for products that have a good reputation. So far, visual identity design still does not use the GSM correctly so that it often experiences problems in visual identity consistency. The main problem faced by Mahkota Laweyan is a lack of understanding about GSM which is a basic requirement for marketing activities. Batik commodity products with export potential that have been produced and meet SNI do not yet have the visual identity they should have. Thus, the aim of implementing this activity is to help in solving problems in the application of GSM to visual identity. This assistance in the context of implementing community service is aimed at assisting SME Mahkota Laweyan with aspects of visual communication needs for marketing and branding purposes. The mentoring methods used in this service activity are lectures, demonstrations, and training methods for developing visual identity by applying GSM appropriately on batik products with export potential. The result of this activity was the creation of GSM and its application to various visual communication media accompanied by educational institutions from Malang State University.

Targeted placement for people with disabilities in Italy: a perspective from Lombardian companies

PurposeThe United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006) recognizes the right of disabled people to access work. Against this legislative backdrop, this study explores the strengths and weaknesses of the Italian system of targeted placement for disabled people, based on Law 68/1999, which delegates to regional authorities the management of the labor market. The examination centers on the perspective of companies, the primary stakeholders in the inclusion of persons with disabilities within organizational structures.Design/methodology/approachThe article discusses the results of focus groups conducted with 28 managers of large, medium and small enterprises in Lombardy (Italy). Qualitative analysis was employed, and the results were structured using a simplified strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis, incorporating practical recommendations.FindingsThe analysis leads to practical suggestions to improve the entire targeted placement process at the regional level, from selection and accompaniment to evaluation, such as improving the networking of local stakeholders who deal with the inclusion of disabled people, homogeneity of the procedures in different regions, making all employees aware of diversity management, etc. The territorial network and the welfare environment are particularly important in achieving a successful targeted placement and to promote an inclusive corporate culture.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is not representative of Italy as a whole, as it remains a qualitative investigation focused on a single region.Originality/valueThis contribution accomplishes an in-depth study of the law of labor inclusion of people with disabilities observed from the point of view of companies, which are still usually reluctant to integrate people with disabilities into their organizations or encounter difficulties in doing so.

Attitudes towards people with disabilities in Greenland and the need for empowered changes

ABSTRACT In order to understanding public attitudes towards people with disabilities in Greenland and analyse how to facilitate further empowerment, a national survey was produced in 2020. The results from the survey showed a clear difference in attitudes towards people with either physical or mental disabilities. The survey ‘Holdninger til Handicap’ (attitudes towards disabilities), which was carried out by Tilioq (the spokesperson institution for people with disabilities) and Ilisimatusarfik Centre for Arctic Welfare, included almost 1,000 responses. Respondents had a more positive view of people with physical disabilities than those with mental disabilities. Furthermore, the survey highlights a prejudice among respondents in relation to dating or having intimate relationships with a person with a disability or mental disability. Despite the respondents’ divided view of having an intimate relationship with people with disabilities, there was more openness to accepting people with a physical disability in a position of power (e.g. politicians or managers). However, the respondents were not willing to accept people with mental disabilities in positions of power. The study in Greenland is the first to explore barriers and attitudes towards people with disabilities in non-intimate and intimate social relationships and power relationships. The study provided knowledge to support decision-makers and NGOs in informing society in general about physical and mental disabilities and the rights of disabled people in Greenland in relation to empowerment and further inclusion.

Commentary on “Marginalisation and Human Rights in Southeast Asia” by Routledge

Human rights and democracy in Southeast Asia continues to attract the attention of scientists in this region to study and examine them in depth. In this context, a centralized and methodical style of authoritarianism, such as that used by Suharto's New Order in Indonesia, has restricted public dialogue of human rights and democracy , and is unlikely to attract the public of Southeast Asia today, according to social scientists, researchers, and Islamic scholars (ulemas). The people of Southeast Asia are tireless champions of human rights, social justice, and democracy to this day. The editors of this book, namely Al Khanif and Khoo Ying Hooi, have put together a book that, in its own way, succinctly and forcefully analyzes marginalization and human rights in Southeast Asia and provides a range of perspectives on the subject. This book covers a wide range of topics, including the success of ASEAN cooperation in ending statelessness, human rights violations committed against migrant workers, the protection of disabled people's rights on a regional scale, the Rohingya refugee crisis, the Moro's plight, religious and ethnic minorities' rights, academic freedom in authoritarian regimes, child abuse, and security concerns in Southeast Asia.
 Keywords: Southeast Asia, Human Rights

Studies on China's Legal Protection of Disabled People's Equal Employment Rights

The disabled group is an important part of society. As citizens, they should enjoy equal rights with the able-bodied, included the right to equal employment. Due to their intellectual, physical and psychological deficiencies, the disabled is often discriminated against in employment and face many problems, such as refusal to be hired by employers due to their physical condition, their ability to work being questioned and their lack of freedom in choosing their occupation. This paper will study and discuss those with impairments rights to equality in the workplace. The paper is divided into four sections, namely, the current situation of people with disabilities in employment in China, the measures and policies that China has taken to protect the disabled people in employment, the issues with Chinas legislative safeguarding of disabled peoples equality in work, and recommendations for safeguarding the employment rights of disabled people in China by linking to the extra-territorial laws, like the anti-discrimination system used by western countries.

Criminalisation of Sex with Disabled People with Cognitive Impairments in Commonwealth Countries

Sexual offence laws in many Commonwealth jurisdictions criminalise sexual activity with disabled people with cognitive impairments. Many of these laws were created with the intent to protect disabled people with cognitive impairments from sexual abuse. However, they often preclude the possibility for the individual to consent to sexual activity. This preclusion from consenting to sex has the potential to create significant hardship for disabled people with cognitive impairments. It can create barriers to sexual expression and romantic relationships. In addition, it may interfere with the right of disabled people with cognitive impairments to sexual agency, which is protected as part of the right to legal capacity in Article 12 of the 2006 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Many of these sexual offence laws are either colonial remnants or may be a product of colonial influence. Many of the most restrictive laws date back to colonial rule and bear remarkable similarity to laws in the United Kingdom (UK) around the time of colonisation. The UK has since enacted reform in this area and has less restrictive laws. However, even these reformed laws often present barriers to the recognition of sexual consent from disabled people with cognitive impairments. This article reviews sexual offence laws across Commonwealth jurisdictions and analyses their compliance with Article 12 of the CRPD. It identifies a potential need to reform antiquated laws that appear to be a remnant of colonial rule and more modern laws that may continue to create barriers to sexual expression and romantic relationships for disabled people with cognitive impairments.

Discrimination in Abortion Law and the Message the Law is Sending: R (Crowter) v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care

R (Crowter) v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care involved a legal challenge to the law on abortion under the Abortion Act 1967, on the basis that the disability ground ‘expresses’ a negative message about disabled people, based on negative stereotyping, and that this expression is incompatible with Articles 8 and 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The case is significant because of the way that rights‐based arguments about abortion were framed; they were not centred on the interests or rights of the pregnant woman or the fetus, but on the rights of disabled people. This framing reflects the well‐known expressivist argument in the disability and bioethics literature. The arguments raised about a potential violation of rights due to ‘the message’ the law is sending could have far‐reaching implications, well beyond the law on abortion.

Analysis of the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Barrier-Free Tourism in Chongqing——Taking the physically handicapped people as an example

According to the statistics of China Disabled Persons Federation, there are about 85 million disabled people in China, 60% of them have the will to travel, but only 11.7% of them have realized the travel. The imperfect domestic barrier-free tourism facilities and the lack of barrier-free tourism products and services are the biggest obstacles for people with disabilities to travel. In recent years, the state has continuously issued policies to accelerate the construction of barrier-free facilities and guarantee the travel rights of disabled people, coupled with the accelerated aging, barrier-free tourism will have a huge market. This paper analyzes the existing problems of the barrier-free market and explores the effective ways of accessible tourism for disabled people by taking the overall situation of disabled people's participation in tourism in Chongqing as the sample material, through field research, interview and questionnaire distribution. Based on the specific practice in China and the advanced practice in foreign countries, this paper puts forward proposals for the development of barrier-free tourism in accordance with the actual situation in China, and promotes the development and improvement of the tourism market for the disabled.

Reconsidering disability in Taiwan: a perspective on globalisation and postcolonialism

Postcolonial perspectives on disability studies argue that globalisation has significantly impacted disability politics in many countries. This study uses secondary analysis to explore how globalisation has affected Taiwan’s disability politics. It selects three different themes to illustrate the development of disability politics in Taiwan: special education, disability terminology, and disability classification. These cases show that missionaries, colonisers, and international organisations were the main actors in changing Taiwan’s traditional understandings of disability. However, this development, which differs markedly from that in Western industrialised countries, mainly followed a top-down approach, lacking the political mobilisation of disabled people on the ground. Consequently, the implementation of disability human rights failed to empower Taiwanese disabled people effectively and led to some unexpected outcomes for them. Furthermore, medical and traditional charity-focused thinking about disability has not been altered and remains prevalent in Taiwan.

Reflections on the discriminatory effect of employment quota with referring to the experience of disabled people in China

Employment quota is one of the affirmative action measures, outlined by the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in its General Comment, to increase the employment of disabled people in both public and private sectors. Existing literature has studied the implementation, outcome, and effectiveness of the employment quota, majorly by quantitative data, while the empirical evidence of how it influences the right of disabled people to work is relatively limited. The practice of employment quota in China suggests the possibility of underpinning discrimination and exclusion and thus puts disabled people in a more disadvantageous position. This paper empirically examines how the discriminatory effect of the employment quota is shaped, with a particular focus on the interaction between the quota policies and stakeholders.

The Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Parents and Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

ABSTRACT The spread of COVID-19 resulted in restrictive lockdowns. For families supporting young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the service system was stripped away. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of this challenging situation on a group of Australian carers and parents of children and young people with ASD, with an intention to inform policy and practice based on the lived experiences of these families. A survey of parents of children and young people with ASD in Australia returned 117 responses, of which 86 responded to open-ended questions about COVID-19 lockdowns. Twelve parents responded to the invitation to be interviewed. Interview and survey data were analysed thematically. Five themes emerged: accessing support services, receiving support services online, changes in behaviour, higher levels of conflict, and impact on health and relationships. The experience of lockdowns under COVID-19 undermined informal and formal support systems, and had a particularly strong negative impact on the experiences of children with ASD and their families. These findings also provide support for understanding the social model of disability as a mainstay in the lives of children with disabilities and their carers. IMPLICATIONS The social model of disability was dismantled for children and young people and their carers during the COVID crisis. This unacceptable attack on the human rights of disabled people (people with a disability) needs future planning to ensure that it does not occur again. Future crises require more nuanced policy and practice responses that do not close off all child and family supports to children with ASD and their carers.

Соотношение реабилитации и абилитации инвалидов

Rehabilitation and habilitation of people with disabilities are of paramount importance at the international and domestic levels of modern states, the goals of which are: compensation for disability due to health conditions, ensuring equality of opportunities for disabled people, as well as maintaining maximum independence. The validity of the topic is due to its social and legal significance, the identification of rehabilitation and habilitation measures in practice, the insufficient level of implementation of the main directions of habilitation and rehabilitation, which leads to a diminution of the rights and freedoms of people with disоabilities. The subject of study is the main scientific approaches to the essence and legal nature of habilitation and rehabilitation. The purpose of work is a comprehensive study of legal nature and basic approaches of rehabilitation and habilitation measures from the perspective of international standards, foreign sources, as well as omissions of the modern law enforcement system. The tasks are presented by analyzing the legal nature of habilitation and rehabilitation from the perspective of international and domestic law. The work uses the logical, formal-legal method and system analysis method. The results of work are to identify the actual theoretical and practical problems of the relationship between the definitions of rehabilitation and habilitation, which is due to their insufficient differentiation. This work is valuable for further legal protection of persons with disabilities due to the establishment of basic principles for expanding their opportunities in the field of rehabilitation and habilitation. As a result of study, a conclusion is presented on the need for comprehensive improvement of sectoral legislation, which will increase the effectiveness of the protection of the rights of disabled people.

Formation of Barrier-free Urban Environment and Problems of Labor Integration of Disabled People in Russia

The article examines the economics of a barrier-free environment in the context of the transition from a medical to a social approach to disability after the adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (2006). A social approach to disability means recognizing the equality of the rights of disabled people with healthy citizens in all spheres of society and ensuring accessibility for them of all objects and services in the external, primarily in the urban environment. Disability is understood as the presence of external and internal barriers that impede the social integration of people with disabilities. The formation of a barrier-free urban environment makes it possible to remove external barriers, and comprehensive rehabilitation and habilitation of the disabled removes internal barriers. Together they ensure accessibility for the disabled of all objects and services of the urban infrastructure. A barrier-free urban environment is a socially significant benefit that has a positive external effect not only for all citizens with limited mobility (LMC), but also for all members of the local community. A comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic effects from the implementation of programs for the formation of a barrier-free urban environment for all stakeholders (disabled people, entrepreneurs, authorities, the local community) is important. In the Russian Federation, this allows overcoming the limited approach to assessing the benefits from their implementation only for people with disabilities and other LMC at high investment costs. It is recommended to use the experience of the EU in the Russian Federation in presenting the annual Access City Award to the three best cities for an accessible environment for the disabled as an effective incentive for them and the regions of the country in the development of a barrier-free environment and tourism. An analysis of the 10 years of implementation of the state program of the Russian Federation "Accessible Environment", along with achievements, made it possible to identify a number of shortcomings: the need to verify quantitative indicators of the accessibility of its priority facilities for people with disabilities using sociological surveys of people with disabilities and experts; low level of accessibility of university buildings for teaching disabled people; non-fulfillment of indicators of growth in employment of persons with disabilities. As a result of a selective sociological survey of people with disabilities and experts conducted by the author in 2022, the reasons for the low level of social and labor integration of people with disabilities were identified: the lack of employers' interest in their employment, the low availability of urban infrastructure, and the discrepancy between the skill level of people with disabilities and modern production requirements. An integrated approach to the formation of an accessible environment in the field of vocational education and employment of disabled people with increased incentives for socially responsible employers is proposed. It is shown that the conduct of a special military operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and new packages of Western sanctions adopted in 2022 against our country require consideration of their socio-economic consequences. In particular, - updating the state program of the Russian Federation "Accessible Environment", taking into account the expected increase in the number of disabled people and the development of import substitution policy in this area.

Opportunities for disabled people to lead an independent lifestyle in the Russian Federation

The Russian Federation ratified in 2012 the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2006. In this regard, the study of measures taken by the Russian Federation to create conditions for persons with disabilities and children with disabilities to lead an independent lifestyle, for the scientific substantiation of subsequent measures and the development of relevant legal regulations to ensure the ability of disabled people to lead an independent lifestyle in their chosen place of residence and integration into the local community in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is extremely relevant.The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the legislative, regulatory and methodological support for the realization of the rights of people with disabilities to lead an independent life, involving the choice of a place of residence, integration into the local community.Research methods: comparative legal, logical, historical, statistical. Research material: international legal acts, federal and regional legislation on providing disabled people and children with disabilities with the opportunity to lead an independent lifestyle, data on the number of disabled people living in stationary social service organizations.Research results. A non-complex elaboration in the legislation of the Russian Federation and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation of issues of providing disabled people with the opportunity to lead an independent lifestyle has been established, specific shortcomings in the legal regulation of issues of ensuring the possibility of leading an independent lifestyle of disabled people have been identified at the federal and regional levels, normative and methodological acts have been developed that made it possible to start working out issues providing conditions and mechanisms for the implementation of an independent lifestyle for disabled people in their chosen place of residence, a positive trend has been established in the introduction of new technologies for the preparation and organization of assisted living for disabled people in a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation as part of pilot projects. Based on the results obtained, the draft Concept and the Set of Measures were developed to expand the opportunities for disabled people to lead an independent lifestyle in their chosen place of residence.Conclusion. In the country, at the federal and regional levels, the implementation of the provisions of the Convention has been carried out, expanding the realization of the rights of disabled people to lead an independent life in the local community and consistently creating conditions for the disabled to lead an independent lifestyle, introducing innovative technologies for preparing people with disabilities for independent living and monitoring of their implementation.

Dinesh Palipana: clinician and leading disability rights advocate

“I have a very rich working life and am grateful for that”, says Dinesh Palipana, Registrar in the Emergency Department of the Gold Coast University Hospital in Southport, QLD, Australia. There he combines clinical work with research into spinal cord injury. Palipana is also an advocate for the rights of disabled people in academic medicine and wider society, including as a Senior Adviser to an Australian Disability Royal Commission into improving access rights for disabled people.

Analyzing the Legislative Prescriptions Representing Persons with Disabilities in South Africa

The legislative prescriptions promoting and protecting the rights of disabled people in South Africa are some of the most comprehensive globally. These prescriptions are applied across all the spheres of government to eliminate the discrimination faced by persons with disabilities. This study analyzed selected legislation and public policies representing persons with disabilities in the country with reference to the City of Cape Town. The study sought to identify features of the government’s efforts to improve the lives and participation of disabled people and to better implement inclusive legislation and policies. Through a desktop analysis, the study found that legislation and governmental policies that protect and promote the rights of persons with disabilities provide a framework from which disabled people can exercise their economic, political, and social rights as equal members of the citizenry. However, the state of disability in relation to policy and legislation does pose challenges to the effectiveness of these prescriptions to eliminate discrimination and promote equality. The study recommends the strengthening of legislation and policies through strategies that involve the partnerships of government and civil society. There is also a need to review the existing legislative framework to identify and eliminate barriers that limit the equality of disabled people.

Hak dan Kebutuhan Dasar Penyandang Disabilitas di dalam Al-Quran

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Qur'anic concept of disabled people's rights and needs. By returning to the Qur'anic writings that explain their existence, It can be shown that these texts actually pertain to the notion of protection as in the letter Abasa: 1-2, rather than oppression and bullying. From this, it is clear that the Qur'an considers all human degrees to be equal before God, with the sole difference between a person's degree with Allah being on the side of piety. This is a library study that employs a Descriptive-analytical technique. According to the findings According to the findings, the rights and needs of people with disabilities in the In the Qur’an; The first, acknowledging their existence; second, equal treatment of people with disabilities; The third access to services for people with disabilities; fourth, empowering people with disabilities who have the same potential and abilities as normal people; fifth, equal justice under the law; sixth, religious; and seventh, communication and information.

Barriers to disability‐inclusive employment in Uzbekistan: A pilot qualitative study of disabled people's lived experiences

AbstractDespite the recent advances in the field of protection of the rights of disabled people in Uzbekistan, their right to work and be protected from unemployment is not fully implemented. The reported levels of disability employment remain significantly low. The findings of this pilot qualitative study reveal that the current institutional framework which takes its roots in the Soviet disability policies coupled with environmental and attitudinal barriers is restricting disabled people's right to work. Based on the lived experiences of disabled people in Tashkent city and the Tashkent region this study calls for the removal of all the barriers.

The main problems with the implementation of the international standards for the employment of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan

At present, the issue of employment is a cornerstone for all groups of the population around the globe. A job has a direct relation with the living standards or survival of a contemporary individual. However, for people with disabilities labor problem is more severe than for others. As a rule, representatives of this group are not able to obtain appropriate work without the aid of the state. At this stage, for the necessary provision of human rights for disabled people, the state must possess legislation that corresponds to the international standards and mechanisms of its implementation. The article traces the problems of the disabled people’s employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan and provides the foreign experience in this area to be possibly adopted by the Kazakhstan state.The present research aims to identify the basic international trends in labor and human rights legislation for people with disabilities, and includes the analysis of the international conventions, a review of the successful foreign experience, as well as local legislation in the labor area for disabled people. It also assesses the steps of the Republic of Kazakhstan to bring its legislation in correspondence with the international standards and elaborates on recommendations for the improvement of the current situation in the labor area for disabled people. Unlike most studies used as support material for this research, the present article not only specifies the problems of job issues for the disabled people but also gives recommendations on how to amend the current legislation to make the process of jobs getting to people with disabilities more favorable. The actuality and novelty of the research are also supported by the recommendations on the creation of beneficial conditions by the employers to attract and hire disabled employees on the proper basis, excluding potential grounds for social exclusion and discrimination of the latter in their workplace.