Direction Of Scientific Research Research Articles

SUBJECT-OBJECT DIRECTION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PROBLEMS: METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF FORMULATION AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM

The article actualizes the methodological problem of specifying the directions of scientific researches in the specialty «Public Administration and Governance» in the third year of higher education. The relevant problem is considered through the prism of the absence of an officially approved standard of higher education at the educational and scientific level in the relevant specialty. Attention is drawn to the fact that the organization of scientific researches in the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance», in contrast to the researches carried out within the field of science «Public Administration» are carried out by applicants for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy without ensuring compliance of the content of qualification work with any directions of scientific research institutionalized at the state level. The article substantiates the fundamental difference between the methodological support of the applicant's choice of a scientific degree of subject-object direction of scientific research which is carried out in the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» and in the field of science «Public Administration». Attention is drawn to the fact of absence of officially institutionalized at the state level for the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» directions of organization of scientific research becomes the reason for actualization of risks of incorrect choice by the applicant for the degree «Doctor of Philosophy» of the focus of his scientific research. In contrast, a researcher who prepares a qualification work within the field of science «Public Administration», for example, the applicant for a doctoral degree in public administration, despite their conceptual maturity as a scientist, has a completely exhaustive list of research areas within the officially approved specialty passports. It is proposed to solve the problem of inconsistency of the researcher's previous research experience with the level of methodological support for the choice of the subject-object direction of scientific research through the prism of expanding (changing) the list of specialties within the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Management» and/or providing for separate specializations within the existing specialty. On the one hand, such a step, will allow to order the directions of scientific researches in accordance with the focus of attention of a particular field of knowledge, and on the other hand, it will contribute to improving of the quality of preparation and conducting of scientific research. The indirect result of expanding (changing) the list of specialties within the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» may be its further development, for example, in the direction of ensuring correlation with the field of science «Public Administration».

Methods of processing the stomachs of cattle

Currently, the meat industry has accumulated considerable experience in the efficient processing of cattle byproducts. But the share of their use for food purposes remains low. This concerns, first of all, the treatment of the multicameral stomach of cattle. The future direction of scientific research is the use of these by-products in full. This article discusses the technological processes of processing by-products of cattle (tripe and reticulated tripe) using waste from the dairy industry. One of the concrete and effective ways to solve the problem is to carry out the processes of biotechnological processing of cattle. To reduce the time of heat treatment and eliminate the specific odor characteristic of the scar, and to reduce the mechanical strength, a technology for processing cattle rumen with whey is proposed. The nutritional value and consumer properties of cattle by-products (rumen, reticulated rumen) have been investigated as a source of food raw materials, the prospects of use are assessed. In this work, the possibility of treating the scar of cattle with serum was investigated. Studies of the physico-chemical composition and biological value of by-products have shown a high content of proteins and minerals, amino acids in the abdominal and retina. A solution of whey is recommended for softening and cleansing the rumen of cattle and reticulated cattle. Processing of collagen-containing raw materials with biologically active substances using whey microorganisms should be recognized as one of the promising areas.

Scientometric analysis of dissertation papers on pediatric dentistry in Russia

BACKGROUND: One of the crucial directions of scientific research within the scientific specialty “Dentistry” is the study of pediatric dentistry as an independent area of scientific knowledge and development of its scientific directions. Comprehensive research on the development of scientific directions and assessment of modern trends in the field of pediatric dentistry over the past quarter century has not been conducted. Analysis and comparison of scientific research conducted on each problem of pediatric dentistry is warranted.
 AIM: To assess the state of scientific research and identify priority areas in pediatric dentistry from 1993 to 2020.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 977 dissertation abstracts on pediatric dentistry, previously selected and added to the database, were analyzed. This study focused on dental issues in children and adolescents as presented in dissertation materials from 1993 to 2020.
 RESULTS: A scientific search of electronic databases revealed 977 dissertation abstracts on dental care issues in children. On average, 35.0±2.5 studies were presented annually for consideration by dissertation councils. The main research directions were as follows: pediatric therapeutic dentistry, 375 studies (38.4%); orthodontics and dentofacial anomalies in children, 229 dissertations (23.4%); epidemiology, public health, and organization of dental care for children, 125 studies (12.8%); surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery in children, 203 studies (20.8%); pediatric orthopedic dentistry, 33 studies (3.4%); and highly focused research (morphology, anesthesiology, etc.), 12 studies (1.2%).
 CONCLUSION: The study of pediatric dentistry issues in Russia has a comprehensive nature, representing one-fifth of all scientific research in dentistry as a whole.

Теоретические и практические аспекты формирования стиля и культуры научного мышления под руководством Е. Н. Устюговой

<span lang="EN-US">In this article, the material is devoted to Elena Nikolaevna Ustyugova, my scientific supervisor and mentor, whose pedagogical activities and scientific creativity determined the direction of my scientific research and the style of my scientific thinking.</span>

Programmable mechanical metamaterials: basic concepts, types, construction strategies—a review

Metamaterials have been a hot topic over the past 2 decades, involving scientific research directions in materials, engineering, and physics. Among them, programmable mechanical metamaterials are an emerging class of metamaterials that offer intelligent programming and control of diverse mechanical properties, such as stiffness, damping, thermal expansion, and shape memory behavior. Meanwhile, it can be rationally designed to have specific geometric architectures and programming strategies in response to different types of external stimuli, such as temperature, electric and magnetic fields, and mechanical loads. These intelligent mechanical properties have a wide range of potential applications due to their uniqueness and controllability, including soft robotics, adaptive structures, and wearable devices. Thus, the programming strategies to achieve them are particularly critical. Combined with related programmable thinking concepts, this paper briefly reviews programming strategies for programmable mechanical metamaterials, including geometric, structural, and external driving force programming. Meanwhile, this paper presents the principles of programming strategies classified according to different programmable mechanical properties (e.g., programmable stiffness, deformation, multistability) and looks ahead to the challenges and opportunities for future research.

Formation of resilience of student youth by physical therapy methods

The article examines the negative impact of chronic stress caused by military aggression on the state of mental health of students, which directly affects their desire and ability to study effectively. The purpose of the work: to systematize the negative effects of chronic stress on the health of young people and to outline approaches to the formation of students' resilience using physical therapy methods. Scientific novelty: the main factor in preserving the health of students is an effectively organized pedagogical process and the correct use of pedagogical technologies. Methods of combating stress consist in removing emotional tension and changing a person's psychological mood. Students need to be taught how to manage stress and recover from exhaustion. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), a "stress thermometer", and the subjective units of distress scale (SUDS) are used to monitor the impact of stress on the psycho-emotional state. Physical stress management methods include: regular physical activity, deep breathing, massage, reflexology, progressive muscle relaxation, healthy eating, sleep and rest.
 Conclusions: 1. The priority of higher education institutions of Ukraine should be the formation of resilience of all participants in the educational process. 2. Since during the war it is impossible to eliminate the source of stress, it is necessary to know its signs and manage it with stress management methods (regular physical activity, healthy diet, relaxation techniques, time planning, making positive changes in life). 3. Prevention of the negative impact of chronic stress on students, the search for resources to restore their physical and mental health, with the help of stress management and physical therapy methods, is a promising direction of scientific research.

Antifungal properties of new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (literature review)

In Ukraine, there is a targeted scientific and technical program for the development of technologies for the creation of modern domestic medicines. One of the most promising ways in this program is the development and implementation of drugs to combat various multi-resistant diseases. The study of the effect of biologically active substances on the structural components of mushrooms determines the possibility of finding new highly effective antifungal compounds. The aim of the work was the analysis and systematization of existing new data on the antifungal activity of a number of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives and the selection, based on the results of a comprehensive analysis of literary sources, of promising directions for further scientific research. Methods used: information search, synthetic, analytical, bibliographic, descriptive, generalization. The research materials were literary sources that contain information on the antifungal activity of a number of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives. The authors repeatedly claim that 1,2,4-triazole derivatives with a 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4-one fragment show significant antifungal potential against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. Foreign researchers proved that a series of triazole-containing isoxazole compounds has antifungal activity against eight fungi pathogenic to humans. Another team of scientists proved the high antifungal activity of pyrimidine derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. Domestic authors found that the modeling of 1,2,4-triazole due to the introduction of a Sulfur atom and subsequent transformations by this atom lead in many cases to the emergence of antifungal activity in molecules. Scientists of the Zaporizhzhya State Medical and Pharmaceutical University have proven the high antifungal activity of some amino derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. The analysis of scientific publications dedicated to the study of antifungal properties of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives in recent years proves the indisputable prospect of finding new biologically active agents among substituted 1,2,4-thiazoles. Numerous publications indicate that in recent years, new molecules have appeared in a number of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives that have antifungal properties. The authors clearly and argumentatively proved the perspective of the direction of creating new original drugs for the treatment of various fungal pathologies.

Обобщение лучших образовательных практик в высшей школе (по итогам опроса финалистов Конкурса педагогического мастерства РАНХиГС)

Currently, there is a multifaceted transformation of higher education in terms of digitalization of the teaching and educational process, visualization of teaching, use of Internet resources, application packages, electronic library and reference systems, organization of group interaction among students and other aspects of the educational process in higher education. The purpose of this work is to identify trends in the use of various technologies and teaching methods in the higher education system, problems of their application and the formation of a basic list of resources and interactive teaching methods for implementation in universities of the Russian Federation to improve the quality of education and the effectiveness of the educational process. The achievement of this goal was carried out on the basis of summarizing the results of a survey of finalists of the RANEPA Pedagogical Excellence Competition in December 2023. Lists of the main resources of platforms for training, solving standard problems of communications and cooperation in the digital environment have been compiled; resources for storing and distributing educational and other materials; tools for searching, processing and visualizing information; resources for storing and distributing educational and other materials and other resources and tools for organizing the educational process in higher education have been formed. The need to improve a number of domestic platforms, in particular professional and specialized application software packages, spreadsheet editors for performing statistical procedures; digital tools for organizing group work of students and others have been justified. Proposals for further reform of the activities of the Ministry of Higher Education and Science and specific higher education institutions and directions for subsequent scientific research have been formulated.

New directions of scientific research and clinical practice in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection in patients with multiple organ dysfunction: a review

INTRODUCTION: Due to the COVID-19 (infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) pandemic, we had to take a completely different approach to the nature of critical conditions. The pandemic also made us reconsider many views about it. Moreover, that contributed to the development of new practical approaches for treatment and prevention, including the ones in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection. OBJECTIVE: Methods for purification of blood and plasma began to be considered as an independent link for the treatment of organ disorders or as a part of extracorporeal support for the life support of the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article consists of three sections: a description of the role of extracorporeal hemocorrection methods in intensive care, their classification and main characteristics; the concept of sequential targeted extracorporeal therapy for a treatable symptom in sepsis; extracorporeal hemocorrection as part of the concept of extracorporeal life support. This article uses literary sources published from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023. Materials related to COVID-19 and other specific pathologies (poisoning, acute liver failure, itching, systemic diseases, etc.), requiring separate discussion, are intentionally excluded. RESULTS: Technologies in extracorporeal hemocorrection provide support and/or replacement of organ functions; restoration of body resistance and balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response; restoration of body tolerance (metabolism and regeneration). Nevertheless, despite the convincing pathophysiological rationale for the use of these methods in critical conditions, evidence of its effectiveness is limited. Current trends indicate that future research should be primarily aimed at finding biomarkers that can simultaneously designate specific biological processes; characterize different subgroups of patients; allow targeted choice for the method of therapy. The modulation of biomarkers under the influence of this therapy can show its effectiveness for this particular subgroup of patients at this stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Methods of extracorporeal blood purification should be aimed at prevailing biological processes, at this stage of pathogenesis, and, accordingly, evaluated by the effectiveness of the impact on these processes.

The sociological measurement of individual adaptive potential in media ecosystem

The article presents the theoretical justification and empirical approbation of the author’s model of the individual adaptive potential in the conditions of the media ecosystem. The basis of the author’s approach is the consideration of the individual as the main subject of media activity practices that actualise the personal resources of Internet users associated with their readiness for effective communication, for production and consumption of media content in modern institutional conditions of the media ecosystem (considering existing risks and limitations). A theoretical model of adaptive potential is proposed, according to which such a potential is a complex multi-level education containing three successive levels: value, dispositional and practical. It is shown that each level consists of a number of sublevels, of including the types of values, dispositions and users’ practices prevailing in the media ecosystem. Based on the development of these operational indicators and a special scale, the author’s methodology for the adaptive potential sociological measurement of the individual in the media ecosystem is presented. According to the results of the author’s sociological research with the usage of cluster analysis (online survey of social networks and messengers’ users, N = 900), four clusters of media users were found, differing in the level of development and structure of adaptive potential. These clusters are characterised as “cautious users”, “theorists”, “unadapted”, “adapted”. The article concludes with promising directions for further scientific research on the topic.

Женская преступность как отдельный вид общей преступности

A criminological study of female crime was carried out, taking into account the analysis of its components, current trends and processes, and causes. The scientific community and the public, one way or another, have always paid attention to the problem of female crime. This issue was covered in their works by scientists in the field of criminal law, criminology, penal law and other legal sciences, as well as philosophers, sociologists, teachers, psychiatrists, revealing the theoretical and practical essence of the problem of criminal behavior of women. The purpose of the study is a criminological assessment of female crime, an analysis of the main directions of scientific research into legal policies regarding women, the potential consequences of the use of new developments and technologies and their possible impact on social relations in the future. As a result of the study, it was established that the structure and state of female crime acts as an indicator of the moral, spiritual situation in society, the attitude towards basic human values, which predetermines the need for further research into female crime.

INTEGRATING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INTO THEIR MARKETING STRATEGY: PRACTICES OF LEBANESE AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRIES

Amidst technological growth and its environmental implications, there’s a global push for sustainable development using ethical methods that benefit both the planet and humanity. This underscores a rising corporate trend towards sustainability. Adopting this approach requires fresh methods and technologies to influence behavior changes. Consequently, marketing, when aligned with sustainability principles, becomes a pivotal tool for businesses transitioning to sustainable practices. The food industry, like other sectors, is not exempt from these considerations. This article focuses on examining how food industries in Lebanon are incorporating sustainable development principles into their marketing strategies. By studying their approaches, we aim to identify the level of integration of sustainability within the marketing practices of these industries, identify gaps, and to bring the future scientific research directions in marketing management. Thus, this research is conducted following the post-positivist paradigm and following a hypothetical-deductive approach. Hence the qualitative research and expert evaluation used to collect data due to its applicability to the context of the study. The target respondents are managers of the agri-food industries in order to measure the good practices of sustainable development of these industries and their Marketing strategy based on the 4Ps. Lebanon’s distinct challenges, from environmental to economic, call for specialized solutions. Achieving sustainability involves grasping local nuances, engaging stakeholders, and connecting different sectors. Sustainable marketing emphasizes local products and community ties, offering potential for significant change. The study indicates agri-food businesses mainly focus on environmental and economic elements. Yet, the research faced hurdles, like the pandemic, highlighting the need for context-awareness.

Individual trajectory of professional improvement of a teacher: results of scientific research

The article presents the results of scientific research aimed at studying theoretical research and practical solutions focused on the design and implementation of the individual trajectory of professional improvement of teachers. The purpose of this article is to outline theoretical approaches and practical solutions for the professional improvement of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education. The task of the article is to clarify the meaning of the concepts of "professional improvement of the teacher" and "individual educational trajectory" based on the analysis of domestic and foreign researches; identify key contradictions in the practice of designing and implementing the individual educational trajectory of professional improvement of teachers in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education; determine the directions of further scientific research in theory and practice. As a result of the research, leading approaches to the professional development of teachers were clarified; clarified the content of the key concepts "professional improvement of the teacher" and "individual educational trajectory"; outlined the results of a number of experimental researches, including in the system of postgraduate pedagogical education in Kyiv.. Based on the analysis, the directions of further scientific research have been determined, which will focus on the theoretical justification and experimental verification of the model of designing the individual trajectory of the professional improvement of teachers, the development and testing of tools for individualization of professional improvement in the system of postgraduate education.

ФЕМІНІСТИЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПОЛІТИЧНИХ ІНСТИТУТІВ: ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РОЛІ ЖІНОК ПОЛІТИЦІ ТА В ІНСТИТУЦІЯХ ВЛАДИ

The article substantiates that the issue of gender equality has always been relevant for the world, it concerns all spheres of human life. But the political sphere acquires special importance — how gender equality develops in it, what it imagines, what tasks and goals it sets before itself, what challenges it faces. According to international standards, men and women have equal rights to full participation in all aspects of the political process. However, in practice, it is much more difficult for women to fully enjoy these rights and the war in Ukraine poses new important challenges related to the implementation of both active and passive suffrage. The purpose of the article is to study the role of women in the modern political process and the functioning of power institutions based on the application of a gender approach to the analysis of political institutions. As a result of the research, it is substantiated that the political discourse about the place of individual identities among institutionalized practices of social and political interaction can transform institutional framework of the political system and to determine the status of the state as a key institution in the political system of the society and an actor in international politics. Ensuring gender equality for the active participation in various political institutions (from NGOs to political parties and state authorities) is one of the typical types of evidence of the political system democratization. The growing number of empirical investigations in Ukraine and the world contributed to the formation of a separate direction of scientific research — feminist institutionalism, which develops within the framework of the worldview and methodological guidelines of the new institutionalism of political science.

МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В УМОВАХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ В 1985–1991 РОКАХ

In the conditions of the «perestroika» of 1985–1991, the school in the Ukrainian SSR faced a number of challenges related to the reform of general education institutions. The difficulty was the contradictory nature of the Soviet period, when on paper there is only one thing, and in practice – something else, which ultimately led to the incompleteness of a huge number of reforms. The process of restructuring the educational field was, in fact, ambiguous. Secondary schools faced a number of new tasks: reconstruction of education in the conditions of NTR, in particular, the involvement of schoolchildren in computer knowledge and computer science concepts; strengthening the relationship between the school and practical production; new approaches in education and upbringing in the direction of glasnost and democratization. De facto, this led to experimentation in the search for new forms and methods of teaching and education in the Soviet school. The reconstruction of the school began with the computerization of the educational space, which was characterized by the lack of a professional methodical base, low qualification level of teachers and problems with technical support. According to the new curriculum of 1985/86 pupils was obliged to master a computer. Therefore, a new subject «Fundamentals of informatics and computer technology» was introduced. On the other hand, the lack of scientific and methodological support stimulated the search for new forms and methods of learning, which contributed to the development of pupil`s creative activity in the direction of scientific research. According to the reform, it was necessary to create a perfect program and textbooks on Ukrainian literature, and then, based on them, a complete educational and methodological complex, both for pupils and for teachers. The school subject – the literature of the previous period – had to serve as the foundation. The reform in secon­dary schools also affected the lesson of physical culture. An improved program «Comprehensive program of physical education of pupils of grades I–XI», was introduced. which included all forms of school physical culture, which constituted a complex system based on the All-Union Physical Comp­lex «Ready for Work and Defense of the USSR». As for the teachers of exact disciplines, they had to have a good command not only of scientific and theoretical material, but also to have ideological and political training.

АКТУАЛЬНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ У ФРІЛАНСІ ЯК ВАЖІЛЬ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО КАДРОВОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

The article determines that a new form of labor relations "freelance" is intensively and quite effectively implemented in the modern labor market; the spectrum of professions, when this or that work is performed not on a permanent basis, but on an order basis, is quite wide: IT specialists, accountants, lawyers, programmers and consultants on various issues, SMMs, graphic designers, etc.; this form of cooperation helps employers more effectively manage both labor resources in particular and financial resources in general. It is outlined that the impetus for this was the implementation of digital technologies in all sectors of the economy and, as a result, the digitalization of markets and businesses and their attributes. It is well-founded that personnel management remains a key lever for ensuring the efficiency of any organization and in any organization, at the same time, personnel management is a dynamic process that requires constant updating, introduction of new trends and practices, therefore it is important to follow and monitor, adapt and implement constant updates to improve the work of the company's personnel management. The specialization, dynamics of the number and cost of freelance work in 2023 in Ukraine were analyzed and it was determined that the demand for freelance services is quite extensive and diverse from the point of view of specialization, it is both work in the field of IT and software, and work in the creation of entertainment content; the increase in the number of freelancers in 2023 versus 2022 ranges from a maximum of 36.07 (blockchain) to a minimum of 15.02 (social media advertising) percent; the cost of an hour of work for mid-level specialists ranges from (maximum) 1,500 (blockchain) to (minimum) 400 (designing pages in social networks) hryvnias per hour; the cost of an hour of work for high-level specialists ranges from (maximum) 4,000 (announcer services) / 3,967 (blockchain) to (minimum) 700 (designing pages in social networks) hryvnias per hour. It was noted that the criterion of the level of a freelance specialist is the portfolio: the more cases he has, the higher the price he can set for his services; reviews are also one of the most important parameters that indicate the level of a specialist. The coefficients of the cost of an hour of freelance work of high-level specialists relative to medium-level specialists were calculated and their rating was given; a significant gap from other specializations and the maximum ratio of the hourly cost of highlevel specialists relative to middle-level specialists was recorded in two areas: "announcer services" and "script writing" – 5.71 and 4.42, respectively; for other freelance specializations studied in this publication, the value of the coefficient ranges from a maximum of 2.73 (Go (compiled programming language) to 1.51 (DevOps). It has been established that: freelancing is extremely relevant in the labor market, the demand for specialists in this field is stable and tends to increase; the range of specialties is quite wide and continues to expand: and software, and the creation of entertainment content, and work with social networks, etc.; the cost of such services increases both in absolute terms and by specialist level; at the same time, quite a lot of specialties are available for gradual mastering and continuous deepening in the mode of so-called "soft skills", the stages of mastering of which with competent personnel management can take place with maximum tangentiality and integration into the specifics of the organization's activities. The direction of further scientific research on freelancing as a current trend in the labor market should be industry-wide in-depth study of the structure, format and content of professional inquiries to freelancers.

The Policy of Acculturation by Means of Education in the Russian Empire in the Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries: Conceptualization and Specific Historical Approach

The review article is aimed at solving a major scientific problem — conducting a comprehensive analysis of modern scientific approaches to the study of the policy of acculturation by means of education, carried out by the Russian Empire in relation to various regions of the country, including in relation to the southeastern frontier, namely nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples of Central Asian and Ural-Volga macroregions of the country in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries. The accumulated experience of scientific research on the history of acculturation by means of education in the post-reform Russian Empire makes it possible to pose this problem, and the need to determine further promising directions for scientific research into the policy of acculturation makes the topic of this scientific article relevant. The main results of the study are to clarify the main approaches to the study of the policy of acculturation of “foreigners” of the Russian Empire by means of education, generalize the most significant scientific experience in understanding the policy of acculturation in the post-reform decades, as well as identify the most promising issues for further study related to the problems of acculturation of nomadic and semi-nomadic subjects of the Russian Empire through the means of education.

НАЦИОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНОЕ САМООПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ СООБЩЕСТВ КАБАРДИНО-БАЛКАРСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАК СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ

The study investigates the phenomena of national-cultural self-determination of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic ethnic communities in the framework of Russian civic identity. The main di-rections of scientific research devoted to national-cultural self-determination and its relationship with civil identity are examined, as well as how the wide diversity of the ethnic composition of the country’s population or its individual region necessarily places the task of maintaining stabil-ity in the sphere of interethnic relations on the shoulders of the leadership. The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic’s legal backing and control of national relations, as well as the operation of national cultural centers, are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the activities of the Ka-bardino-Balkarian Republic’s Ministry of National Affairs and public projects aimed at achieving civil, interethnic, and interfaith harmony in the region.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ НАПРУЖЕНО-ДЕФОРМОВАНОГО СТАНУ МЕТАЛЕВОГО СТРИЖНЕВОГО КАРКАСУ ГЕОДЕЗИЧНОГО КУПОЛУ ДЛЯ РАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ

The paper contains the further developed of method for calculating thin-walled shells with supporting frame in the form of geodesic domes without a stationary foundation. Have been performed the detailed analysis of the fundamental design solutions of frame demountable domes with tent double-layer cover, the inner layer of which serves as a projection screen of three-dimensional cinemas, which are gaining popularity in the amusement industry. Have been developed highly detailed finite element models of dome with a base diameter of 13.5 m, taking into account technological holes and structural elements of rigidity under the influence of wind, snow, ice and other climatic influences. Have been modeled at the same time, various options for connecting the dome frame to the base. Have been proven that the worst influence on the dome structures is the wind influence, based on the stability criterion. Have been proven at also that the frame-rod tented construction of the geodome cannot function safely without reliable connection to the base. Have been identified, areas of the core elements of the frame with the highest internal stresses from various loads for all possible options for connecting the frame to the base. Have been considered the general nature of deformation and possible destruction of the structure, as well as the issue of loss of stability. Have been founded that the most stressed structures include the tent cover and bolted fasteners of the joints of the rod system. Have been proposed a rational method for anchoring frame dome structures at temporary earthen construction sites using geo-screws or metal screw piles. Have been proven the possibility of anchoring the supporting elements of the dome in five polar symmetrical points using ballast. Have been formulated the constructive recommendations regarding the rational design of frame dome systems. Have been developed the technological regulations for the further safe operation of frame geo-domes, and have been outlined the directions for further scientific research on this topic.

UKRAINIAN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS «SOIL AND LAND RESOURCES OF UKRAINE»

Information is provided about the study conducted at the Faculty of Geology and Geography of Odesa National University named after I. I. Mechnikov Ukrainian scientific conference of young scientists. Graduate students, young scientists, students of higher education, representatives of scientific institutions and institutions of higher education from different regions of Ukraine took part in the conference. More than 30 reports were heard at the conference. The main directions of scientific research of young scientists related to ecological and geographical problems of soils in various research areas; socio-geographic analysis of the use of soil and land resources of Odesa; the state of development of comprehensive plans for the development of community territories in Ukraine; the use of information and computer technologies in modern soil and land research; the impact of the war on the current state of land reform, etc. Special attention was also paid to problematic issues of higher education in Ukraine, including geographical ones, and issues of training future geography teachers in higher education institutions. Based on the results of the scientific conference, a collection of theses materials was prepared and it was proposed to hold a similar event annually with the involvement of representatives of higher educational institutions and scientific institutions from different parts of Ukraine.