Direction Of Scientific Research Research Articles

The scientific legacy of professor Y.V. Krykavskyi: development of logistics theory in Ukraine and future perspectives

The article presents the first attempt at scientometric analysis of the scientific legacy of the prominent Ukrainian scholar, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor Yevhen Vasylovych Krykavskyi. The main stages of his scientific work and its impact on the development of the general theory and practice of logistic science in Ukraine are identified. It is demonstrated that Y.V. Krykavskyi himself formulated the theoretical foundations of logistics as a separate direction of scientific research in the field of economic sciences, established the basic conceptual framework, founded a scientific school of marketing and logistics, and trained a large number of candidates and doctors of sciences who continue and deepen the theoretical developments of the great scientist, as well as expand the spheres of practical application of logistic concepts, tools, and methods, and supply chain management in new economic conditions.

Occupational Therapy Program for young men who Specialize in wrestling sports after treatment of knee joint injuries

Today, Martial Arts are an effective means of forming a reliable reserve of defenders of Ukraine. During systematic training in a chosen type of Martial Art, an individual develops basic Physical Qualities, develops leadership Qualities, as well as psychological resistance to adverse environmental factors. The Analysis of the latest Research and publications in the chosen field of Scientific Research shows that insufficient number of Scientific works are devoted to the topical issue of the organization of the Occupational Therapy System of young men who Specialize in Martial Arts after treatment of knee joint injuries. This emphasizes the relevance, timeliness and Practical component of the chosen direction of Scientific Research. The Research was carried out according to the Plan of the initiative Scientific Project "Ergo Therapy of knee joints". Research methods: idealization, formalization, axiomatic, historical and logical, descent from concrete. As a Result of Theoretical Research, we have developed an Experimental Program of occupational Therapy for young men who Specialize in wrestling Sports after treatment of knee joint injuries. The Results of the study are implemented in the Occupational Therapy System of wrestlers, members of National teams of Higher Education Institutions of Ukraine. The Occupational Therapy Program involves the use of the following tools (components): kinesiological taping, elements of TRX, elements of basic Sambo etc. Prospects for further Research in the chosen field of Scientific Research include the organization of a Pedagogical Experiment to test the effectiveness of the Occupational Therapy Program for young men who Specialize in Sambo Wrestling after treatment of knee joint injuries.

The Politics of Expertise in Genomics Policy and Law

Genomics and biotechnology have generated controversy for decades, about the moral limits of tinkering with and commodifying life, the boundary between nature and technology, the respectful treatment of research participants, and the proper evaluation of emerging technologies. Socio-legal and science and technology studies scholars have demonstrated how the resolution of these questions has serious implications for both science and the law, including the appropriate conduct and direction of scientific research and the construction of legal categories and rights. This article demonstrates that these conflicts also have profound impacts on the politics of science and technology, and particularly approaches to relevant knowledge and expertise. Humanities, social scientific, legal, and lay knowledge asserted themselves through the establishment of human genetics research and battles over the ownership of biological materials and data. However, US political culture—which favors technical and market knowledge—constrained their authority. Cross-national comparison highlights this finding, as other jurisdictions have been more inclusive in their approaches to science and technology governance.

USE OF QUANTUM MODELS IN THE STUDY OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INNOVATIONS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The article analyzes the main aspects of the application of quantum models for the analysis of relationships between innovations and economic growth, which are a promising direction in economic science. The influence of trends and challenges of globalization and accelerated technological innovations, which play a key role in realizing competitive advantages and increasing productivity, is determined; in promoting the sustainable development of the economy. The author defines the dynamics of innovation processes, which causes the need for new approaches, such as the principles of quantum modeling, defines the content of quantum models in global business. In particular, the principles that allow for more accurate modeling of uncertainty and non-linear processes characteristic of innovative activity are considered. The author pays special attention to the use of quantum models for accurate forecasting and planning of economic development, development of effective strategies for scientific research and state policy in the field of innovation. The recommendations are aimed at carrying out a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the impact of quantum technologies on economic indicators of employment, indicators of investment activity and international trade. In further scientific developments, it is expected to improve the comparative analysis of classical and quantum economic models for determining effective approaches to innovation management. A promising direction of scientific research is the development of a methodical tool for optimizing investments in research and R&D to improve the mechanisms of state support for innovative activities. Emphasis is placed on the fact that research results will contribute to the creation of a new generation of economic strategies based on the principles of quantum economics, and will open up new horizons for the growth and development of the world market.

The epistemology-oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages

The analytical study of the processes of thinking and awareness of reality is positioned as an actualized psychological direction in linguistics, which arose as a result of the logical transformation of traditional logicism and formalism in the course of the development of speech activity. The purpose of the article is to study the epistemologically oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages. In the course of the study, it was found that the previous historical stage was characterized by ignoring the influence of psychophysiological aspects. It has been determined that in the process of transformation the phenomenon of language is interpreted as a reflection of the psychological concept and spiritual activity. It is proved that the cognitive paradigm made it possible to explain the thinking processes that occur during the production of speech with the advent of the cognitive paradigm in linguistics. It is suggested that from a universal point of view, any conceptual area can be studied with the help of elementary concepts. The study has shown that from the standpoint of cognitive grammar, grammatical categories have corresponding prototypical structures. The sphere of conceptual functionality of modern cognitive semantics is distinguished. The cognitive-semantic universality of the basic main category is stated. It is proved that the epistemologically oriented conceptual model of cognitive-semantic universals in related languages is represented by such processes in the lexical composition of a word as generalization (transition from the concrete to the abstract general), narrowing (dynamics from the abstract to the specialized), degradation (depreciation) and polarization (opposition). Promising directions for further scientific research on the subject of the study are actualized, namely, conducting cognitive research that accurately explains the universal conceptual processes occurring in semantics.

«Πόλις», «civitas» та «res publica»? Problem of interpretation the nature of the Ancient Roman state in scientific works

«Πόλις», «civitas» та «res publica»? Problem of interpretation the nature of the Ancient Roman state in scientific works

The genesis of concepts and categories of logistics and their modification in the conditions of transformations of the econom

The article highlights the results of the analysis of the definition of the concept of logistics and forms a cause-and-effect relationship of disagreements in the views of scientists regarding the interpretation of this term depending on the stages of development of logistics concepts in economies. The main approaches to understanding logistics are outlined, namely as a scientific knowledge, a management process, a scientific and practical direction of management and optimization of logistics flows, an integral management tool and as a system for managing material and information flows. In accordance with the mentioned approaches, the problems for each were updated and directions for further scientific research were outlined. The stages of logistics development have been systematized, as a result of which a separate period of logistics development has been singled out, namely the stage of transformational changes. As a result of the research, it was determined that it is the correctly organized logistics processes at the enterprise that are the driving force for quick response to external factors.

The effect of playing basketball on the psychological state of a cadet of the national academy of the state border service of Ukraine

Summary. The physical training of future border guards forms the basis of their professional activities. Therefore, considerable attention is paid to it during training at a specialized university. With the help of physical training, the necessary physical, psychophysiological and mental indicators of the body are achieved and formed. Systematic physical exercises materialize special knowledge and skills into parameters of professional reliability. Participating in team sports, particularly basketball, involves regular physical activity that contributes to the general health and well-being of cadets. Basketball teaches the value of teamwork and cooperation. In a team environment, players learn to work toward common goals, support each other's strengths, and compensate for each other's weaknesses, and these experiences eventually translate into valuable life skills. Team sports are always challenges that allow cadets to develop emotional stability. Facing difficulties on the sports field helps to develop strength, perseverance and a positive attitude towards failure. In addition, team sports contribute to the development of strong character traits. It is shown that group sports contribute to the development of cadets’ command qualities and high physical indicators that are important for achieving the set goals. Playing sports definitely contribute to increasing psychological preparedness, create conditions for active recreation during the period of stress. Thus, basketball definitely develops a person not only physically, but also mentally.
 The article examines the use of basketball during the physical training of future border guards and the impact of this sport on the psychological state of cadets, as well as outlines the main directions for future scientific research on this topic.

Scientific and practical justification of the use of non-traditional raw materials in the technology of pancakes for dietary nutrition

Today, diseases that cause intolerance to food ingredients in the composition of traditional food products are spreading rapidly in the civilized world. Therefore, the current direction of scientific research is the scientific and practical substantiation of the technologies of food products with multifunctional properties, which will ensure complete nutrition of the most vulnerable categories of society – with intolerance to gluten, milk proteins, and egg white, lactase deficiency, insulin resistance, and prediabetic conditions, etc. The selection of non-traditional raw materials was carried out, and the pancake recipe based on non-traditional raw materials was scientifically substantiated. The modification was done by replacing the composition of the recipe with wheat flour of the highest grade with gluten-free types, such as flour of green banana and teff. It is possible to replace high-grade flour in the recipe of pancakes with a mixture of gluten-free types of flour – green banana and teff in the ratio of 70:30. The expediency of adding tapioca starch to the composition of gluten-free pancakes in the amount of 20 % of the flour mass, which will ensure the formation of the structure of the finished products – the porosity index of products with the addition of tapioca starch was on average 52 %, which was 4 % higher than the similar indicator of the control sample based on wheat flour of the highest grade. It was established that replacing chicken eggs with chickpea aquafaba and cow's milk with coconut drink has no significant effect on pancake dough's structural and mechanical properties. A recipe has been developed, and technological parameters for the production of pancakes based on non-traditional raw materials for dietary nutrition have been established. It was established that the index of elasticity of the new type of pancake slightly differed from the control sample based on wheat flour of the highest grade. The height of the product after baking was somewhat (on average by 1.0 %) lower than the control sample, which is explained by the poorer structure-forming properties of gluten-free raw ingredients. The organoleptic indicators of a new type of pancakes were evaluated, proving the proposed solutions' expediency and effectiveness.

РОЗВИТОК ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ

Abstract. The article highlights the current issues of development of investment security of the state. It was determined that today's special conditions pose challenges to strengthening the investment security of the state. Proven investment activity at the global level. The result of such activity is a real increase in investment flows from partner countries.
 The components of investment security are systematized: the legal environment, which is characterized by regulated regulatory and legal support, without regulatory collisions and contradictions of individual legal norms; economic and political stability; the stability of the macroeconomic environment, which includes stable inflation, low unemployment, and economic growth; developed infrastructure, which is necessary for making effective investments; geopolitical risks, which include international conflicts, sanctions, trade restrictions; innovative activity that contributes to the creation of competitive industries and attracting investments; social stability, which ensures social justice, balanced development of society, improvement of investment security.
 The development of scientific schools that investigate the issue of investment security is studied. The most famous scientific schools are systematized, in particular: the school of risk-oriented investment management, the school of financial security, which studies the financial aspects of the investment process, financial risks, models of financial asset valuation and financial flow management, the school of political economy, which investigates the influence of political factors on investment activity , a school of international relations, a school of normative and legal regulation, which studies the legal aspects of financial markets.
 It has been proven that scientific schools contribute to the development and improvement of the theory and practice of investment security through the study of various aspects of this issue from different scientific approaches.
 The methods, goals, forms and tools of influence on state regulation of the level of investment security are defined. It is proposed to solve priority problems for strengthening the investment security of the state. The directions of further scientific research in the field of investment security are outlined.

SUBJECT-OBJECT DIRECTION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PROBLEMS: METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF FORMULATION AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM

The article actualizes the methodological problem of specifying the directions of scientific researches in the specialty «Public Administration and Governance» in the third year of higher education. The relevant problem is considered through the prism of the absence of an officially approved standard of higher education at the educational and scientific level in the relevant specialty. Attention is drawn to the fact that the organization of scientific researches in the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance», in contrast to the researches carried out within the field of science «Public Administration» are carried out by applicants for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy without ensuring compliance of the content of qualification work with any directions of scientific research institutionalized at the state level. The article substantiates the fundamental difference between the methodological support of the applicant's choice of a scientific degree of subject-object direction of scientific research which is carried out in the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» and in the field of science «Public Administration». Attention is drawn to the fact of absence of officially institutionalized at the state level for the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» directions of organization of scientific research becomes the reason for actualization of risks of incorrect choice by the applicant for the degree «Doctor of Philosophy» of the focus of his scientific research. In contrast, a researcher who prepares a qualification work within the field of science «Public Administration», for example, the applicant for a doctoral degree in public administration, despite their conceptual maturity as a scientist, has a completely exhaustive list of research areas within the officially approved specialty passports. It is proposed to solve the problem of inconsistency of the researcher's previous research experience with the level of methodological support for the choice of the subject-object direction of scientific research through the prism of expanding (changing) the list of specialties within the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Management» and/or providing for separate specializations within the existing specialty. On the one hand, such a step, will allow to order the directions of scientific researches in accordance with the focus of attention of a particular field of knowledge, and on the other hand, it will contribute to improving of the quality of preparation and conducting of scientific research. The indirect result of expanding (changing) the list of specialties within the field of knowledge «Public Administration and Governance» may be its further development, for example, in the direction of ensuring correlation with the field of science «Public Administration».

Methods of processing the stomachs of cattle

Currently, the meat industry has accumulated considerable experience in the efficient processing of cattle byproducts. But the share of their use for food purposes remains low. This concerns, first of all, the treatment of the multicameral stomach of cattle. The future direction of scientific research is the use of these by-products in full. This article discusses the technological processes of processing by-products of cattle (tripe and reticulated tripe) using waste from the dairy industry. One of the concrete and effective ways to solve the problem is to carry out the processes of biotechnological processing of cattle. To reduce the time of heat treatment and eliminate the specific odor characteristic of the scar, and to reduce the mechanical strength, a technology for processing cattle rumen with whey is proposed. The nutritional value and consumer properties of cattle by-products (rumen, reticulated rumen) have been investigated as a source of food raw materials, the prospects of use are assessed. In this work, the possibility of treating the scar of cattle with serum was investigated. Studies of the physico-chemical composition and biological value of by-products have shown a high content of proteins and minerals, amino acids in the abdominal and retina. A solution of whey is recommended for softening and cleansing the rumen of cattle and reticulated cattle. Processing of collagen-containing raw materials with biologically active substances using whey microorganisms should be recognized as one of the promising areas.

Scientometric analysis of dissertation papers on pediatric dentistry in Russia

BACKGROUND: One of the crucial directions of scientific research within the scientific specialty “Dentistry” is the study of pediatric dentistry as an independent area of scientific knowledge and development of its scientific directions. Comprehensive research on the development of scientific directions and assessment of modern trends in the field of pediatric dentistry over the past quarter century has not been conducted. Analysis and comparison of scientific research conducted on each problem of pediatric dentistry is warranted.
 AIM: To assess the state of scientific research and identify priority areas in pediatric dentistry from 1993 to 2020.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 977 dissertation abstracts on pediatric dentistry, previously selected and added to the database, were analyzed. This study focused on dental issues in children and adolescents as presented in dissertation materials from 1993 to 2020.
 RESULTS: A scientific search of electronic databases revealed 977 dissertation abstracts on dental care issues in children. On average, 35.0±2.5 studies were presented annually for consideration by dissertation councils. The main research directions were as follows: pediatric therapeutic dentistry, 375 studies (38.4%); orthodontics and dentofacial anomalies in children, 229 dissertations (23.4%); epidemiology, public health, and organization of dental care for children, 125 studies (12.8%); surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery in children, 203 studies (20.8%); pediatric orthopedic dentistry, 33 studies (3.4%); and highly focused research (morphology, anesthesiology, etc.), 12 studies (1.2%).
 CONCLUSION: The study of pediatric dentistry issues in Russia has a comprehensive nature, representing one-fifth of all scientific research in dentistry as a whole.

Теоретические и практические аспекты формирования стиля и культуры научного мышления под руководством Е. Н. Устюговой

<span lang="EN-US">In this article, the material is devoted to Elena Nikolaevna Ustyugova, my scientific supervisor and mentor, whose pedagogical activities and scientific creativity determined the direction of my scientific research and the style of my scientific thinking.</span>

Programmable mechanical metamaterials: basic concepts, types, construction strategies—a review

Metamaterials have been a hot topic over the past 2 decades, involving scientific research directions in materials, engineering, and physics. Among them, programmable mechanical metamaterials are an emerging class of metamaterials that offer intelligent programming and control of diverse mechanical properties, such as stiffness, damping, thermal expansion, and shape memory behavior. Meanwhile, it can be rationally designed to have specific geometric architectures and programming strategies in response to different types of external stimuli, such as temperature, electric and magnetic fields, and mechanical loads. These intelligent mechanical properties have a wide range of potential applications due to their uniqueness and controllability, including soft robotics, adaptive structures, and wearable devices. Thus, the programming strategies to achieve them are particularly critical. Combined with related programmable thinking concepts, this paper briefly reviews programming strategies for programmable mechanical metamaterials, including geometric, structural, and external driving force programming. Meanwhile, this paper presents the principles of programming strategies classified according to different programmable mechanical properties (e.g., programmable stiffness, deformation, multistability) and looks ahead to the challenges and opportunities for future research.

Formation of resilience of student youth by physical therapy methods

The article examines the negative impact of chronic stress caused by military aggression on the state of mental health of students, which directly affects their desire and ability to study effectively. The purpose of the work: to systematize the negative effects of chronic stress on the health of young people and to outline approaches to the formation of students' resilience using physical therapy methods. Scientific novelty: the main factor in preserving the health of students is an effectively organized pedagogical process and the correct use of pedagogical technologies. Methods of combating stress consist in removing emotional tension and changing a person's psychological mood. Students need to be taught how to manage stress and recover from exhaustion. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), a "stress thermometer", and the subjective units of distress scale (SUDS) are used to monitor the impact of stress on the psycho-emotional state. Physical stress management methods include: regular physical activity, deep breathing, massage, reflexology, progressive muscle relaxation, healthy eating, sleep and rest.
 Conclusions: 1. The priority of higher education institutions of Ukraine should be the formation of resilience of all participants in the educational process. 2. Since during the war it is impossible to eliminate the source of stress, it is necessary to know its signs and manage it with stress management methods (regular physical activity, healthy diet, relaxation techniques, time planning, making positive changes in life). 3. Prevention of the negative impact of chronic stress on students, the search for resources to restore their physical and mental health, with the help of stress management and physical therapy methods, is a promising direction of scientific research.

Обобщение лучших образовательных практик в высшей школе (по итогам опроса финалистов Конкурса педагогического мастерства РАНХиГС)

Currently, there is a multifaceted transformation of higher education in terms of digitalization of the teaching and educational process, visualization of teaching, use of Internet resources, application packages, electronic library and reference systems, organization of group interaction among students and other aspects of the educational process in higher education. The purpose of this work is to identify trends in the use of various technologies and teaching methods in the higher education system, problems of their application and the formation of a basic list of resources and interactive teaching methods for implementation in universities of the Russian Federation to improve the quality of education and the effectiveness of the educational process. The achievement of this goal was carried out on the basis of summarizing the results of a survey of finalists of the RANEPA Pedagogical Excellence Competition in December 2023. Lists of the main resources of platforms for training, solving standard problems of communications and cooperation in the digital environment have been compiled; resources for storing and distributing educational and other materials; tools for searching, processing and visualizing information; resources for storing and distributing educational and other materials and other resources and tools for organizing the educational process in higher education have been formed. The need to improve a number of domestic platforms, in particular professional and specialized application software packages, spreadsheet editors for performing statistical procedures; digital tools for organizing group work of students and others have been justified. Proposals for further reform of the activities of the Ministry of Higher Education and Science and specific higher education institutions and directions for subsequent scientific research have been formulated.

New directions of scientific research and clinical practice in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection in patients with multiple organ dysfunction: a review

INTRODUCTION: Due to the COVID-19 (infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus) pandemic, we had to take a completely different approach to the nature of critical conditions. The pandemic also made us reconsider many views about it. Moreover, that contributed to the development of new practical approaches for treatment and prevention, including the ones in the field of extracorporeal hemocorrection. OBJECTIVE: Methods for purification of blood and plasma began to be considered as an independent link for the treatment of organ disorders or as a part of extracorporeal support for the life support of the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The article consists of three sections: a description of the role of extracorporeal hemocorrection methods in intensive care, their classification and main characteristics; the concept of sequential targeted extracorporeal therapy for a treatable symptom in sepsis; extracorporeal hemocorrection as part of the concept of extracorporeal life support. This article uses literary sources published from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023. Materials related to COVID-19 and other specific pathologies (poisoning, acute liver failure, itching, systemic diseases, etc.), requiring separate discussion, are intentionally excluded. RESULTS: Technologies in extracorporeal hemocorrection provide support and/or replacement of organ functions; restoration of body resistance and balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory response; restoration of body tolerance (metabolism and regeneration). Nevertheless, despite the convincing pathophysiological rationale for the use of these methods in critical conditions, evidence of its effectiveness is limited. Current trends indicate that future research should be primarily aimed at finding biomarkers that can simultaneously designate specific biological processes; characterize different subgroups of patients; allow targeted choice for the method of therapy. The modulation of biomarkers under the influence of this therapy can show its effectiveness for this particular subgroup of patients at this stage of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Methods of extracorporeal blood purification should be aimed at prevailing biological processes, at this stage of pathogenesis, and, accordingly, evaluated by the effectiveness of the impact on these processes.

The sociological measurement of individual adaptive potential in media ecosystem

The article presents the theoretical justification and empirical approbation of the author’s model of the individual adaptive potential in the conditions of the media ecosystem. The basis of the author’s approach is the consideration of the individual as the main subject of media activity practices that actualise the personal resources of Internet users associated with their readiness for effective communication, for production and consumption of media content in modern institutional conditions of the media ecosystem (considering existing risks and limitations). A theoretical model of adaptive potential is proposed, according to which such a potential is a complex multi-level education containing three successive levels: value, dispositional and practical. It is shown that each level consists of a number of sublevels, of including the types of values, dispositions and users’ practices prevailing in the media ecosystem. Based on the development of these operational indicators and a special scale, the author’s methodology for the adaptive potential sociological measurement of the individual in the media ecosystem is presented. According to the results of the author’s sociological research with the usage of cluster analysis (online survey of social networks and messengers’ users, N = 900), four clusters of media users were found, differing in the level of development and structure of adaptive potential. These clusters are characterised as “cautious users”, “theorists”, “unadapted”, “adapted”. The article concludes with promising directions for further scientific research on the topic.

INTEGRATING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INTO THEIR MARKETING STRATEGY: PRACTICES OF LEBANESE AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRIES

Amidst technological growth and its environmental implications, there’s a global push for sustainable development using ethical methods that benefit both the planet and humanity. This underscores a rising corporate trend towards sustainability. Adopting this approach requires fresh methods and technologies to influence behavior changes. Consequently, marketing, when aligned with sustainability principles, becomes a pivotal tool for businesses transitioning to sustainable practices. The food industry, like other sectors, is not exempt from these considerations. This article focuses on examining how food industries in Lebanon are incorporating sustainable development principles into their marketing strategies. By studying their approaches, we aim to identify the level of integration of sustainability within the marketing practices of these industries, identify gaps, and to bring the future scientific research directions in marketing management. Thus, this research is conducted following the post-positivist paradigm and following a hypothetical-deductive approach. Hence the qualitative research and expert evaluation used to collect data due to its applicability to the context of the study. The target respondents are managers of the agri-food industries in order to measure the good practices of sustainable development of these industries and their Marketing strategy based on the 4Ps. Lebanon’s distinct challenges, from environmental to economic, call for specialized solutions. Achieving sustainability involves grasping local nuances, engaging stakeholders, and connecting different sectors. Sustainable marketing emphasizes local products and community ties, offering potential for significant change. The study indicates agri-food businesses mainly focus on environmental and economic elements. Yet, the research faced hurdles, like the pandemic, highlighting the need for context-awareness.