Directive Speech Acts Research Articles

Directive Speech Act Translation Analysis in “The Lion King” Movie

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find out the equivalence of directive speech act and its translation techniques in The Lion King movie. The study used the script of The Lion King movie, and its two kinds of subtitles, namely the professional translator version and the fansub version. A qualitative case study is used as research design while documentation is considered as the tool. The results found 6 types of directive speech acts among 143 directive speech acts. All of directive speech act in the movie “The Lion King” are translated equally by professional and fansub translators. There are also 272 translation grouping techniques in this study: 1) 115 (42,3%) total of single group techniques in both professional and fansub translation. 2) 114 (41,9%) total of duplet group technique in both professional and fansub translation. 3) 31 (11,4%) total of triplet group techniques in both professional and fansub translation. 4) 12 (4,4%) total of quadruplet group techniques in both professional and fansub translation. Literal translation is the most found type of translation technique, intended to translate simple texts and dialogues. Therefore, an easy language requires an equally comprehensible translation as well.
 Keywords: Translation Analysis, Directive Speech Act, Professional Translator, Fansubtitle

Racism Toward Chinese Ethnic Group in Indonesian Social Media: Hate Speeches Analysis from Forensic Linguistic Perspective

Anti-Chinese sentiments are still deeply ingrained in the Indonesian public discourse. The issue of their identity and position triggers to many discriminatory actions toward them. The purpose of this study is to analyze hate speech against Chinese ethnic group expressed in Indonesian social media which has officially evaluated as a legal offense by the authorities. The theories of speech acts from Austin (1962) and Searle (1969) for a forensic linguistic study are employed to examine the hate speech as utterances and evaluate them in the context of Indonesian legal regulations. The data were obtained from Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung from 2019 - 2021. The results of the analysis reveal that hate speech portrays hurtful feelings and harmful attitudes. It is reflected by malice (expressive speech act), insult, or accuse (assertive speech act), persuasions so that others commit crimes (directive speech act), and crime plans in the future (commissive speech act). Then, there are ten forms of pejorative labels for the Chinese ethnic group. Race-based hate speeches expressed in the online media are prohibited according to Article 28 paragraph (2) of The ITE Law Article Number 19 of 2016. They are prejudiced action, violate human rights and cannot be considered as freedom of opinion and democracy because of their dangerous perlocutionary effects. The effects can provoke discriminatory action and even crime. Keywords: anti-Chinese, chinese ethnic group forensic linguistics, hate speech, racism.

An Analysis of Speech Act Used in Matilda Wormwood (1996) Movie

This research aimed at analyzing the speech act performed by the characters in Matilda Wormwood movie. This study was carried out in the form of a descriptive qualitative study. The major data sources were utterances in the Matilda Wormwood movie. The movie screenplay was also employed as a supplementary source in this research. The data were obtained using observation and documentation procedures, and they were evaluated using the steps of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drafting. The research findings revealed that utterances employed in the form of the locutionary act, the type of the illocutionary act, and classification of speech act. The most dominant the locutionary act utilized by the research subject is a declarative form, which consisted of 37% of the total data. Then, the most prevalent the illocutionary act used by the research subject is a representative type, which consisted of 36% of the total data. Since the form and type of the research subject's most prominent speech act are relevant. Furthermore, the research subject's utterances are frequently given directly in sequence, which Yule's theory refers to as a direct speech act. This research increased the knowledge and comprehension of the many forms and types of speech act in society purposes of language.

The Directive Acts in Joker 2019 Movie

This article represented the study of pragmatic to investigate directive act. The purpose of investigation is to find out the types of directive acts on movie “Joker 2019”. The researchers applied theory ofAllan (1997)about directive act. The researchdesignpresented in the qualitative method.In collecting the data, the researchersappliedobservational method and note-taking technique. In analyzing the data,the researchers applied pragmatic identity method and classify technique by sudaryanto. In the analysis, the researchers found the types of directive speech act. This research had 15 data from types of directive speech acts which was separated into requestives (4 data), requirements (2 data), questions(2 data), prohibitives (2 data), permissives (1 data) and advisories.

Directive Speech Acts Analysis in Teacher and Student Interaction during Thematic Learning in Elementary School

Directive speech acts in elementary schools are important because they are useful as a form of pragmatic scientific study that can enrich the development of pragmatics in elementary schools. The purpose of this study is to analyze the forms of directive speech acts used by teachers and to describe the strategies of directive speech acts of teachers and students during the learning process. This study uses a qualitative approach. The method used in this research is using descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques, namely using observation techniques, recording techniques, listening and noting. The subjects in this study were teachers and students at public elementary schools who were observed during the learning process. To prove the suitability of the data using triangulation. The result of this research is that during the learning process, the teacher uses various kinds of directive speech acts which are quite good. The directive speech act used by the teacher is the question directive speech act. In addition, the teacher's most dominant directive speech act strategy is the directive speech act strategy of speaking frankly without further ado.

비즈니스 한국어 교재의 지시 화행 분석 연구

Objectives This study aims to investigate the performance aspect of directive speech act and hedging sentence patterns for politeness according to power relations through the discourse analysis of the Business Korean textbooks and suggests the ways of improving Business Korean textbooks. Methods This study chose three kinds of Business Korean textbooks published after 2018. These textbooks are composed of basic levels and intermediate levels. To analyze these textbooks, this study classified subtypes of directive speech act at first and then arranged the performance aspect of directive speech act according to the context variables and the aspect of the use of hedging sentence patterns for politeness in directive speech act. Results Based on the findings of this study, Business Korean textbooks published after 2018 are mainly composed of dialogues related to boss’ directive speech act. For this reason, the textbooks mainly dealt with boss’ command among subtypes of directive speech act. And hedging sentence patterns of ‘-(으)세요’와 ‘아/어 주세요’ were most commonly utilized in boss’ command speech act. But, subordinate and coworkers’ dialogues and directive speech act in the workplace were very little descried in the textbooks. Various politeness strategies and hedging sentence patterns are seldom used in Business Korean textbooks. Conclusions In the future, Business Korean textbooks have to deal with various directive speech act dialogues according to the power relation. And they have to use various kinds of politeness strategies and hedging sentence patterns for Business Korean learners. But this study did not suggest educational methods for directive speech act. In short, how to deal with directive speech act in Business Korean textbooks will be discussed in a follow-up study.

비즈니스 한국어 교재의 지시 화행 분석 연구

Objectives This study aims to investigate the performance aspect of directive speech act and hedging sentence patterns for politeness according to power relations through the discourse analysis of the Business Korean textbooks and suggests the ways of improving Business Korean textbooks. Methods This study chose three kinds of Business Korean textbooks published after 2018. These textbooks are composed of basic levels and intermediate levels. To analyze these textbooks, this study classified subtypes of directive speech act at first and then arranged the performance aspect of directive speech act according to the context variables and the aspect of the use of hedging sentence patterns for politeness in directive speech act. Results Based on the findings of this study, Business Korean textbooks published after 2018 are mainly composed of dialogues related to boss’ directive speech act. For this reason, the textbooks mainly dealt with boss’ command among subtypes of directive speech act. And hedging sentence patterns of ‘-(으)세요’와 ‘아/어 주세요’ were most commonly utilized in boss’ command speech act. But, subordinate and coworkers’ dialogues and directive speech act in the workplace were very little descried in the textbooks. Various politeness strategies and hedging sentence patterns are seldom used in Business Korean textbooks. Conclusions In the future, Business Korean textbooks have to deal with various directive speech act dialogues according to the power relation. And they have to use various kinds of politeness strategies and hedging sentence patterns for Business Korean learners. But this study did not suggest educational methods for directive speech act. In short, how to deal with directive speech act in Business Korean textbooks will be discussed in a follow-up study.

An Analysis on Directive Speech Act Found in Jumanji: The Next Level Movie Directed by Jake Kashan

Directive speech acts are words to order someone so the other people take action according to the request of the speaker both directly and indirectly. This study discusses about An Analysis of Directive Speech Acts Found in Jumanji: The Next Level Movie Directed by Jake Kashan. The purpose of this study is to identify the kinds and the forms of directive speech acts found in Jumanji: The Next Level movie directed by Jake Kashan. This research was conducted using qualitative method. The main instrument of this research is the researcher himself. The researcher as a human instrument used laptop, movie, note book, pen, dictionary as the supporting instrument. The data of this research was collected by documentation and content analysis. The result of the analysis showed 6 types of directive speech acts found in Jumanji: The Next Level Movie Directed by Jake Kashan. They were: 3 data belonging to begging, 49 data belonging to commanding, 6 data belonging to forbidding, 1 data belonging to ordering, 5 data belonging to requesting, 6 data belonging to suggestions. The amount totals of data are 70. The forms of directive speech acts found in The Jumanji: The Next Level Movie Directed by Jake Kashan were declarative, imperative, and interrogative. 11 data belonging to declarative, 54 data belonging to imperative, and 4 data belonging to interrogative.

Translation Quality of Arabic Directive Speech Acts in Pandemic’s Book: An Attempt to Delve into Covid-19

This study aimed to describe the types of directive speech acts, the use of translation techniques, and the quality of the Indonesian translation of the book Badzl al-Mâ'ûn fi Fadhl ath-Thâ'ûn. This research used descriptive analysis to describe the findings; the qualitative was chosen as the method of this study. Consequently, the data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's and Spradley's models. The results of this study stated that there were 60 data consisting of eight directive speech act types, where the frequency of using the technique was found 527 times for 15 techniques. Of the 60 data, 32 were translated accurately, acceptably, and with a high degree of readability and fell into the 'good' category. The average score for translation quality was 2.69. The study's contribution was to analyze Arabic texts translated into Indonesian using pragmatic models and measure their quality so that readers can quickly grasp the pandemic study from the perspective of the Arabic text.

Tindak Tutur Direktif dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Pandawa Kurawa Karya Agus Hiplunudin

A language is a communication tool used by humans to exchange information between individuals, both in the form of ideas, feelings, and emotions. Every communication process carried out by humans produces speech acts. This study aimed to describe the communication function and strategy for realizing directive speech acts in the collection of short stories Pandawa Kurawa by Agus Hiplunudin. The method used was descriptive qualitative with a pragmatic theory approach. The data source was a collection of Pandawa Kurawa short stories by Agus Hiplunudin. The data was collected through a reading-note technique which was then analyzed descriptively. The research data analysis was carried out by identifying the data, reducing the data, presenting the data, interpreting the data, and concluding the interpretation results. The results showed that the collection of Pandawa Kurawa short stories by Agus Hiplunudin contains a variety of communication functions and strategies for the realization of directive speech acts. The directive speech act was found in communication functions including advising, asking, demanding, ordering, forcing, suggesting, challenging, complaining, encouraging, and asking. Further, the strategies used to realize directive speech acts include a speech strategy without small talk, a speech strategy with positive politeness, and a speech strategy with negative politeness.

Directive Speech Acts in Muslim Eid and Christian Easter Sermons

The utterances produced by people have speech acts, especially in the English teaching learning process. One of them is directive speech acts. The main aim of the study is to ascertain contrastively, in English and Arabic, how directive speech acts are represented in religious discourse and what the underlying syntactic structure. For the purpose of the investigation, the directive speech acts of two sermons, one in English and another in Arabic, were extracted and analyzed. A classification taxonomy, was created in order to categorize the different types of directive speech acts and determine their level of (in) directness depending on Bach and Harnish's types of the directive speech acts (1979), The results show that that directive speech acts have the highest occurrences of frequency in Arabic sermon than that in English sermon, since that Islamic sermons belong to the teachings of the Islamic religion which have to be applied the guidelines literally and without ambiguity. Also, Both Arabic and English selected sermons have the highest rate in the form of directness over indirectness in directive speech acts as the speaker wants to send his/her utterances and expressions clearly and without any confusion.

Fungsi dan Jenis Tindak Tutur Komunikasi Panitia Pembangunan Musala Arroudloh Dusun Belut Desa Ngumpul Kecamatan Jogoroto Kabupaten Jombang

This study aims to describe the function and types of speech acts of communication of the Musala Arroudloh development committee, Belut Hamlet, Ngumpul Village, Jogoroto District, Jombang Regency. This research design is descriptive-qualitative. The subject of this research is the Musala Arroudloh development committee, Belut hamlet, Ngumpul Village, Jogoroto District, Jombang Regency. The object of research is the function and types of speech acts that were uttered by the development committee of Musala Arroudloh Belut Hamlet, Ngumpul Village, Jogoroto District, Jombang Regency. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis carried out by researchers are: (1) data reduction. This activity includes selecting data on the basis of its level of relevance and relation to data groups, compiling data in similar units, and creating codes. (2) displaying data by compiling relevant data, (3) drawing conclusions to get a meaning of scattered symptoms to have deep meaning. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the function of the speech act of the Musala Arroudloh development committee, includes the assertive function, directive function, commissive function, and expressive function. (2) types of speech acts of the Musala Arroudloh development committee, namely direct lateral speech acts and lateral indirect speech acts. The function of assertive and directive speech acts is a function that often appears in communication opportunities between the Musala Arroudloh development committee, while the type of direct lateral speech act is the type of speech act that is widely used in communication opportunities between committees because there is no difference between speech and meaning and delivery intent.
 Keywords: the speech of the Arroudloh Musala development committee, functions and types of speech acts

Technique and Translation Quality of Directive Speech Acts in the Translation Product of Kitab Bulūghul Marām

This study aims to describe the types of directive illocutionary speech acts, translation techniques, and translation quality of directive speech acts in the translation of Kitab Bulūghul Marām. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques, such as recording documents, questionnaires, and interviews. After that, the data were analyzed using the Spradley method in domain analysis, taxonomy, componential, and cultural themes. The study results show that from sixty-five data, there are six types of directive speech acts. Furthermore, in the translation technique, fourteen techniques are found 148 times. These techniques are found in three variants: couplet (75,9%), triplet (21,5%), and quartet (3,1%). Of sixty-five data, sixty-two data are translated accurately and acceptably, and three data are translated less accurately and less acceptably. On the other hand, sixty-three data (96,9%) have a high readability level, and two data have a medium readability level. From the assessment results of the three respondents in questionnaires, it is concluded that the translation quality of directive speech acts in Kitab Bulūghul Marām is in good category, with the average score of 2.91.

The Prosody of Directive Speech Acts: Pragmastylistic Aspect (On the Material of the Modern German Language)

The article represents the results of a phonetic experiment devoted to the study of pragmatically, and the stylistically determined manifestation of directive speech acts in the modern German language. The experiment allowed establishing the prosodic invariant of the directive speech act and describing variant patterns realized in diverse situational conditions which demonstrated a different degree of categoricalness and revealed their differential character on the level of prosodic expressive means. The research showed that pragmatic identification and stylistic differentiation of directive speech acts is realized utilizing all prosodic parameters - pitch, intensity and tempo. The complex analysis of pitch, intensity and tempo characteristics specific for situational variants of the directive illocutive allowed defining the level of involvement of these prosodic means in the functional realization of directive speech impact.

Analysis of Directive Speech in the Novel The Village Boy by Damien Dimatra


 
 
 This study describes the types of directive speech in the novel The Village Boy. A directive speech act is an utterance expressed through the attitude of the speaker so that the speech partner receives the implied message and acts according to what the speaker intended. Descriptive methods were used in this study. The listening and note-taking method was used to collect data, which were analyzed using the matching method and the determining element sorting technique (DEST). Based on the results, in the novel The Village Boy, seven types of directive speech acts were found, namely: 1. directive speech acts ordered marked by markers (try, subtle illocutionary signal power, subtle illocutionary signal power with interrogative sentences and strong cues); 2. pleading (please, beg, hopefully, and the illocutionary power of subtle cues and subtle illocutionary cues); 3. demanding (should and the illocutionary power of soft cues and strong illocutionary cues); 4. suggest (should ask, better, the illocutionary power of subtle cues and strong illocutionary cues); 5. ask (ordinary questions and rhetorical questions); 6. forbid (don’t, the illocutionary power of soft cues and strong illocutionary cues); and 7. allow (please, let, bless, say, goodbye, illocutionary power of soft cues and strong illocutionary cues).
 Keywords: speech act, directive, novel
 
 

Language Politeness In Directive Speech Acts In The Dialogue Of Youth In Blang Naleung Mameh Village

The purpose of this research are (1) define language politeness in directive speech acts in youth dialogue in Blang Naleung Mameh Village and (2) define types of language politeness in directive speech acts in Blang Naleung Mameh village youth dialogue. This research used a qualitative approach. The type of research is descriptive. The research location is in Blang Naleung Mameh Village. The data of this research is in the form of directive speech acts for adolescents in Blang Naleung Mameh Village. The data sources for this study were 22 youths in the Blang Naleung Mameh Village. Based on the results of the data research, it is concluded that there are three types of maxims, namely wisdom, consensus, and sympathy. There are three politeness scales, including the gain and loss scale, the preference scale, and the indirectness scale. Furthermore, there are six types of directive speech acts and their functions, namely (1) request speech acts with the functions of asking, pleading, and inviting; (2) questioning directive speech acts with the functions of asking and interrogating; (3) command directive speech acts with the functions of instructing, ordering, and requiring; (4) prohibitive directive speech acts with the functions of prohibiting and limiting; (5) the directive speech act of granting permission with the function of approving and allowing; and (6) speech acts of advice with the functions of warning, advising, suggesting, and recommending. The dominant directive speech act is the question directive speech act.

Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Pembeli Di Warung Nasi Uduk Batavia

This research on illocutionary speech acts aims to describe the types of illocutionary speech acts and the mode of sentences of buyers at the Nasi Uduk Batavia shop. The theory used is Searle's deep illocutionary speech act theory (Rohmadi, 2017) and sentence mode (Ramlan, 2005). The research data were collected using the observation and recording method, with the instrument used, namely the researcher himself who became the main instrument and assisted by a recording device, which was then analyzed using the equivalent method and advanced techniques, namely the technique of sorting the determining elements or PUP technique. From the findings of the types of illocutionary speech acts in the speech of sellers and buyers at the Nasi Uduk Batavia shop, 50 data were analyzed. The results of this study indicate that illocutionary speech acts at Nasi Uduk Batavia stalls consist of assertive illocutionary speech acts, directive illocutionary speech acts, expressive illocutionary speech acts, and declarative illocutionary speech acts. the nature of the illocutionary speech act of buying and selling interactions at a Nasi uduk Batavia stall, consisting of: stating, rejecting, ordering, asking, thanking, apologizing, criticizing, deciding. The most dominant illocutionary speech act is directive illocutionary speech act. Furthermore, the most widely used sentence mode is the imperative mode of the three types, namely descriptive, intogative, and imperative.Keywords: Speech Actions, Sentence Mode, Buy and Sell

The Directive Speech Act of Public Officials in Handling of Covid-19

This study aims to describe the directive speech act of public officials in handling COVID-19 by involving the context that occurs in the community. The study used a qualitative research design. Data collection uses documentation and recording methods. The data analysis technique uses the interactive analysis model of Miles Huberman. The results showed that from a total of 56 directive utterances, it was found that the use of "ask" directive utterances amounted to 2 utterances or 4%; directive speech "invite" 12 utterances or 21%, directive speech "force" 3 utterances or 5%, directive speech "suggest" 10 utterances or 18%, directive utterance "insist" 2 utterances or 4%, directive speech "order" 5 utterances or 9%, directive utterances "demand" 10 utterances or 18%, directive utterances "Plead" 3 utterances or 5%, and directive utterances "give a cues" 9 utterances or 16%. Public officials handling COVID-19 have a tendency to use directive speech acts of inviting. The lingual markers used are in the form of asking words, let's, please, suggest, must, do not, plead, in order to, because.

TINDAK TUTUR DALAM PRAKTIK MENGAJAR MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN PROFESI GURU (PPG) UNIVERSITAS PGRI ADI BUANA SURABAYA

This research has a background in the function of language as a communication tool. Every human being has a communication tool used in everyday life. Humans use language to express ideas, thoughts, opinions, and interact with each other.The purpose of this study is to describe speech acts in teaching practices for students of Teacher Professional Education PGRI Adi Buana University Surabaya. The theory used in this study is the theory of speech acts from Searle. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques using documents. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, coding, and data presentation. The results of the study found there are directive speech acts and expressive speech acts. The directive speech acts consist of six types, namely the request directive speech act, the question directive speech act, the directive speech act of the directive, the prohibition directive speech, the directive act of giving permission and the non-directive advice directing. Whereas the expressive speech act function consists of expressive greetings of congratulations, expressive expressions of thanks, expressive expressions of criticism, expressive expressions of praise, expressive insinuations and expressive expressions of apology.

Analysis of a Lecturer’s Directive Speech Acts to Student in Online Pragmatic Studies

This research aims to describe the form and function of the lecturer's directive speech actions to Class A students in the 2019 batch participating in online learning in pragmatic studies. This research employed descriptive qualitative methods of observable words said by speakers (lecturers) to speech partners (students). The data source was the lecturer's remarks to students during online learning via zoom). The data collection techniques employed listening, note-taking, screen recording, and screenshots. The researcher discovered six types of directive speech acts including (1) a request form; (2) in the form of a lecturer's command; (3) A question; (4) a sort of prohibition; (5) An invitation in the style of Lecturer; and (6) As a demand.. Four directive speech acts functions are (1) competitive (competing) functions; (2) convivial (fun); 3) collaborative function (collaborating); and (4) conflict function (contrary) as the lecturer said: If no one answers who wants to present their work, I will remove them from the zoom room”.