Dimensions Of Conflict Research Articles

WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT AS A PREDICTOR OF MENTAL HEALTH AMONG LOW-INCOME EARNERS IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

Low-income earners have always been identified as a group that encounter mental health issue due to interpersonal conflicts. As indicated by numerous studies across disciplines, work-family conflict is found to be one of the important predictors of mental health. However, studies on work-family conflict as predictor of mental health among low-income earners specifically in the Malaysia context remains scarce. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to examine the influence of work-to-family conflict dimensions (i.e., behavior-based conflict time-based conflict and strain-based conflict) on mental health dimensions (i.e., stress, anxiety and depression) among low-income earners working at public sectors. Quantitative and cross-sectional research design were utilized in this study. By using a convenience sampling technique, 265 respondents from eight Johor Local Authorities participated via online survey using Google Form. Data were gathered using demographic and socioeconomic status questionnaires, Work-family Conflict Scale (WFCS) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data preparation was conducted using SPSS Version 26.0 while inferential was performed through SmartPLS Version 3.0 structural equation modeling. This study found that strain-based conflict established significant positive influence on stress, anxiety and depression. Meanwhile, behavior-based conflict was found to significantly predict anxiety and depression only. The findings from this study provide insight to the organization, especially public sector to re-design work in order to enhance mental health well-being among the low-income earners.

Land reform and peacebuilding in Côte d'Ivoire: Navigating the minefield

AbstractThis article explores the complex links between land reform and peacebuilding through a case study of Côte d'Ivoire. The country provides fertile ground for analysis given its torturous history of land conflict and civil war, its enduring debates surrounding land reform, and its ongoing efforts to consolidate peace. The article argues that while the failure to address the agrarian dimensions of the country's longstanding conflict undermines long‐term prospects of bridging deep political and societal divides, aggressive attempts to tackle the land question at the outset of the peacebuilding process may have threatened the fragile peace of the post‐conflict period. The analysis thus highlights the political risks involved in undertaking land reform during periods of precarious peacebuilding. In so doing, the article draws upon insights from over 70 interviews with local stakeholders and document analysis of key primary documents from the Ivorian government, the United Nations Security Council, and the World Bank.

Ambivalence Among Intergenerational Relationships In Old Age

Family strain is associated with higher numbers of depressive symptoms and lower levels of life satisfaction. Leisure activities are observed to buffer the negative effects of family strain among younger adults, however, this phenomenon is understudied among older adults. This study examines the relationship between intergenerational strain and depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among persons aged 50 and older. The study also examines the moderating effects of gender and leisure activities. The analysis uses the Health and Retirement Study to addresses these questions. The results suggest that intergenerational strain (p=.000) and being female (p.=000), are associated with more depressive symptoms, while engagement in social leisure activities (p.=04) is associated with fewer. Intergenerational strain (p=.000) and being female (p=.03) are associated with lower levels of life satisfaction, while engagement in solitary (p=.000) and social leisure activities (p=.000) are associated with higher levels. Results from moderation models suggest that as intergenerational strain increases, women have lower life satisfaction and more depressive symptoms as compared to men (p=.000). Also, the association between intergenerational strain and life satisfaction is reduced among respondents who engaged in leisure activities (p=.002-social and p=.000-solitary). Further, the positive relationship between intergeneration strain and depressive symptoms is lower for persons who engage in leisure activities (p=.027-solitary and p=.013-social). Finally, women who engage in social and solitary leisure activities have fewer depressive symptoms than men (p=.037). The study findings imply that the subjective well-being of older persons may be improved in terms of intergeneration strain if they engage in leisure activities.

Supporting integration through social connectedness: a development framework

ABSTRACT The evidence is Australia compares well with other countries on dimensions of social cohesion, social division and conflict. In addition, the Australian community generally reports high levels of satisfaction and sense of belonging. There are however also areas for improvement in terms of acceptance, integration and citizenship in highly visible minority groups. This paper outlines an exploratory study of social connectedness and the effect of a youth development programme. Research supports the view that such programmes can produce significant benefits for participants, although it is not clear which aspects of these programmes are most effective for any outcome or population group. Validity is strongly evidenced by measuring dimensions of belonging, inclusion and participation, both independently and collectively. Noting social capital is fragile and subject to disruption from forces within and beyond the local group, some policy implications are highlighted.

Turkey’s Grand Strategy and the Great Powers

How compatible is Turkey’s grand strategy with the grand strategies of global great powers? This article briefly summarizes principles of Turkish grand strategy, both from a descriptive and normative point of view, and then proceeds to outline and compare the grand strategies of five great powers that are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). While there are some observable conflicts between Turkey and the French, Russian, and American proxies in Syria, Libya, and the Caucasus, there are no outstanding militarized conflicts between Turkey and the British proxies. China is also positioned against Turkey in several international conflicts including Syria, and the intense persecution of Turkic Muslim Uyghurs in Xinjiang adds another dimension of latent Chinese-Turkish conflicts. The article provisionally concludes that the Turkish grand strategy seems to be most compatible, or least incompatible, with the British grand strategy, followed by the U.S. grand strategy, among the five permanent members of the UNSC, whereas Turkish and French and especially Russian grand strategies seem particularly incompatible.

Ethical Leadership Responsibility Dimension in Conflict in the Time of (Corona-Covid-19)

The research proved that an organization can progress robust through integration, corporate performance, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility utilizing natured or nurtured ethical leaders.To develop leaders and followers, more commitment should be shown by the management. Principles of corporate governance must have formulated equally by all stakeholders. An ethical leadership has to employ organizational culture in mainstreaming corporate performance, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility.Leadership plays a vital role in enhancement the ethical performance in organizations, but the ways in which leaders’ actions intersect with formal moral regulations in shaping behavior have not been subject to research. This article addresses this topic through a qualitative study of the work of the “ethical leadership framework responsibility dimension in Conflict in the Time of (Corona-Covid -19)”.This research used the technique of stratified sampling to choose the respondents which accomplished the questionnaire and linear regression to analyze the generated data. Those were employed to examine the influence of ethical leadership on corporate performance, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility in chosen Lebanese communication public organization.

Relationship Between Work-Family Conflict and Perceived Organizational Support Among Nurses of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences

Background: Due to the importance of work-family conflict, it is necessary to find its relationship with organizational variables like perceived organizational support. The present study investigated the relationship between work-family conflict and perceived organizational support in nurses of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. Materials & Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 300 nurses working at educational hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. A three-part questionnaire including demographic information, Carlson’s family-work conflict, and perceived organizational support of Eisenberg was used. Descriptive statistics and analytical statistical tests (Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis) and Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Results: The majority of the participants were female (64.2%) and married (55.9%). Work-family conflict was slightly higher than the mean. The dimensions of time-based work-family conflict (10.79±2.95) and strain-based work-family conflict (10.66±2.72) had the highest scores compared to other dimensions of work-family conflicts. Perceived organizational support was less than mean and there was a negative correlation between work-family conflict and perceived organizational support (r=-0.21, P=0.001). Conclusion: The present study showed the importance of paying attention to reducing workfamily conflict by increasing perceived organizational support. Therefore, reducing the dimensions of work-family conflict is necessary and organizational managers should increase organizational support for nurses and thus reduce the conflict between nurses and family work.

Strategi Viralisasi Konten Dakwah di Kanal Youtube

Currently some da'wah activists are creating da'wah content channels on Youtube and other social media. This study aims to explore the strategy of viralization of the preaching content of Ustadz Abdul Somad, Gus Miftah and Gus Nur on the Youtube channel. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and through observation and documentation techniques, the results of this study reveal that the da'wah video content created by those three Islamic preachers that are considered viral have characteristics, first, the da'wah messages contain a conflict dimension that are likely to attract the curiosity of the audience. Second, technically the da'wah video content has an interesting title, offers a novelty theme, containing humor, answers religious issues clearly, and has quality da'wah material. Third, the da'i must be credible and have a da'wah strategy that is in accordance with the mad'u's needs.

Beyond destructive and constructive interparental conflict: Children's psychological vulnerability to interparental disorganization.

Guided by models of family unpredictability, this study was designed to identify the distinctive sequelae of disorganized interparental conflict, a dimension of interparental conflict characterized by abrupt, inexplicable changes in parental emotional lability, conflict tactics, and verbalizations. Participants included 208 kindergarten children (M age = 5.74 years; 56% girls), mothers, and their caregiving partners from racially diverse backgrounds (e.g., 44% Black) who participated in a longitudinal study with two annual measurement occasions. At Wave 1, trained observers assessed disorganized interparental conflict. Observational and survey assessments were used to assess several family (i.e., interparental conflict, parenting difficulties, parent psychopathology, family instability) and demographic (i.e., children's gender, household income, parent education) characteristics. Assessments of child functioning at each wave included psychological adjustment (i.e., externalizing and internalizing symptoms, prosocial behavior), social information processing difficulties, and attention to emotion cues. Findings from structural equation modeling analyses indicated disorganized interparental conflict significantly predicted decreases in children's prosocial behavior and increases in their externalizing problems, angry reactivity to social problems, and biased attention to angry and sad cues over a one-year period. Results were significant while controlling for established measures of interparental conflict, parenting difficulties, parent psychopathology, family instability, and demographic characteristics. The findings suggest that disorganized characteristics of interparental conflict may be an important domain of clinical change beyond the established targets of family harshness and adversity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Cooperación y conflicto en la Agenda 2030: ¿una relación desequilibrada?

Entre las virtudes de la Agenda 2030 se encuentra la de tratar de dar una respuesta más comprehensiva y urgente a los desafíos que plantea un mundo cada vez más complejo y cambiante. Este propósito ha llevado a poner en el centro de la agenda la dimensión cooperativa entendiendo que, en un mundo globalizado e interdependiente, será imposible abordar los desafíos planteados si no es articulando distintas formas de respuestas concertadas. Sin embargo, aunque esta dimensióncooperativa es ineludible para lograr las metas que se propone, la consecución de esta agenda parece requerir también avances en una dimensión más conflictiva, que ha ocupado un espacio residualhasta la fecha. El presente artículo aborda esta cuestión, analizando algunos ámbitos clave en los que será necesario asumir lógicas conflictivas y las implicaciones políticas e institucionales que debieran derivarse de ello en el futuro.

Războiul cognitiv în competiția marilor puteri ale secolului al XXI-lea: încadrarea activității militare în Marea Neagră

The Pivot to Asia first signaled and then the December 2017 US National Security Strategy ushered in the era of renewed great power competition, a global strategic environment in which great powers compete for influence and in which the leveraging of new and disruptive technologies, globalization, climate change and a global pandemic have added to the complexity and fluidity of strategic imperatives of nation states and alliances. The nature of war has remained the same, nevertheless, the character has evolved, perspectives on what constitutes war in its entire spectrum have taken on different meaning for different actors. One particularly complex dimension of great power conflict is cognitive warfare in all its manifestations. The article is looking to analyze the way the framing effect, a cognitive bias, has been leveraged as a means of perpetrating cognitive warfare in the Black Sea by reframing historical events of the last century in order to influence both individual and group beliefs and behaviors to favor or legitimize tactical as well as strategic objectives in great power competition.

Cognitive Warfare in 21st Century Great Power Competition. Framing of Military Activity in the Black Sea

The Pivot to Asia first signaled and then the December 2017 US National Security Strategy ushered in the era of renewed great power competition, a global strategic environment in which great powers compete for influence and in which the leveraging of new and disruptive technologies, globalization, climate change and a global pandemic have added to the complexity and fluidity of strategic imperatives of nation states and alliances. The nature of war has remained the same, nevertheless, the character has evolved, perspectives on what constitutes war in its entire spectrum have taken on different meaning for different actors. One particularly complex dimension of great power conflict is cognitive warfare in all its manifestations. The article is looking to analyze the way the framing effect, a cognitive bias, has been leveraged as a means of perpetrating cognitive warfare in the Black Sea by reframing historical events of the last century in order to influence both individual and group beliefs and behaviors to favor or legitimize tactical as well as strategic objectives in great power competition.

The Rivalry of Football Supporters in Indonesia at Fanaticism Frame of Bonek and Aremania

The presence of football supporters is very meaningful and is a very important element in a soccer match. However, in the football euphoria, there is a conflict between the supporters, one of the rivalries between supporters that is most often highlighted by the mass media is Bonek and aremania. This research was conducted to find out the root causes of supporters' rivalry between Bonek and aremania by using Johan Galtung's conflict theory. This research method is qualitative, the technique of determining the informants is purposive sampling. The data collection used in-depth interview techniques and document analysis. The results of this study in Johan Galtung's Conflict Theory, the existence of puppet problems with aremania can be categorized into three dimensions. The attitude dimension in puppet perception is related to aremania which is dominated by negative perceptions, as well as aremania perceptions of dolls. The dimensions of bonek behavior towards aremania tend to show a sense of competition and hostility that leads to violence, as well as aremania behavior towards dolls. The contradiction dimension of the puppet conflict with aremania is the creation of a heated situation with a high potential for clash or chaos.

The Rivalry of Football Supporters in Indonesia at Fanaticism Frame of Bonek and Aremania

The presence of football supporters is very meaningful and is a very important element in a soccer match. However, in the football euphoria, there is a conflict between the supporters, one of the rivalries between supporters that is most often highlighted by the mass media is Bonek and aremania. This research was conducted to find out the root causes of supporters' rivalry between Bonek and aremania by using Johan Galtung's conflict theory. This research method is qualitative, the technique of determining the informants is purposive sampling. The data collection used in-depth interview techniques and document analysis. The results of this study in Johan Galtung's Conflict Theory, the existence of puppet problems with aremania can be categorized into three dimensions. The attitude dimension in puppet perception is related to aremania which is dominated by negative perceptions, as well as aremania perceptions of dolls. The dimensions of bonek behavior towards aremania tend to show a sense of competition and hostility that leads to violence, as well as aremania behavior towards dolls. The contradiction dimension of the puppet conflict with aremania is the creation of a heated situation with a high potential for clash or chaos.

Investigating the Individual and Organizational Factors Related to Work-family Conflict in Working Women in Birjand in 2020

Introduction: Due to the role of women in society, work-family conflict has had negative consequences on the mental and social health of working women and their families. The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the balance of work -family in female employees in Birjand. Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive correlation study, 205 female employees working in Birjand city offices were selected by cluster sampling. In addition to demographic questions, the data collection tool was a self-administrated standard 18-item questionnaire by Carlson et al. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software using independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean age of the women was 38.6 ± 7.41 and their mean work experience was 13.36± 6.85. The mean score of the subjects was 29.37± 6.33 out of 45 in the work-family conflict dimension and 35.20 ± 6 6.52 in the family-work conflict dimension. A significant correlation was observed between women's age and work-family conflict variable. A positive and significant correlation was also observed between the two variables of work-family and family-work conflict (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Given that the mean score of work-family and family-work conflict in female employees is high, educational interventions to improve the balance of work-family and vice versa in working women are recommended to officials and planners.

The Predictors of Moral Sensitivity Among Physicians.

PurposeThe continually advancing nature of health care has improved the quality of care provided to patients. However, it has also resulted in complex ethical issues healthcare providers face in Saudi Arabia. Literature concerning healthcare workers’ moral sensitivity in Saudi Arabia is limited. This study aims to estimate moral sensitivity among physicians and determine the factors that influence it.Participants and MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among physicians working at a tertiary hospital. The Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ) developed by Kim Lützén was used. The lowest score that can be obtained from the MSQ is 30, and the highest score is 210. Low scores demonstrate high ethical sensitivity, and high scores indicate low ethical sensitivity.ResultsA total of 253 physicians participated in the study. The mean score of moral sensitivity was 90.6±19.6. There is a significant difference in the overall moral sensitivity in relation to age (P = 0.049). There are significant differences in the Moral conflict dimension according to age (P = 0.002), parental status (P = 0.011), being a member of an ethical committee (P = 0.025), years of experience (P = 0.002), clinical ranking (P < 0.001), and previous training in bioethics (P = 0.029). There were significant differences in the Relational orientation dimension with the clinical ranking (P = 0.038) and specialty (P = 0.038). Membership of an ethical committee is a significant variable in the Benefit dimension (P = 0.028). Correlation coefficients between the overall moral sensitivity score and its dimensions were Autonomy (r = 0.68), Practice (r = 0.69), and Holistic approach (r = 0.69). Physicians who previously had training in bioethics (β 2.37, P = 0.022) and physicians who worked with clinical ethics committee (β 2.66, P = 0.008) were more likely to score better in Moral conflict dimension.ConclusionImplementing ethical training for medical students and physicians will help raise their moral sensitivity levels, thereby enhancing how they deal with ethical dilemmas.

The Rise of Populism and the Reconfiguration of the German Political Space.

The paper explores the notion of a reconfiguration of political space in the context of the rise of populism and its effects on the political system. We focus on Germany and the appearance of the new right wing party “Alternative for Germany” (AfD). The idea of a political space is closely connected to the ubiquitous use of spatial metaphors in political talk. In particular the idea of a “distance” between “political positions” would suggest that political actors are situated in a metric space. Using the electoral manifestos from the Manifesto project database we investigate to which extent the spatial metaphors so common in political talk can be brought to mathematical rigor. Many scholars of politics discuss the rise of the new populism in Western Europe and the United States with respect to a new political cleavage related to globalization, which is assumed to mainly affect the cultural dimension of the political space. As such, it might replace the older economic cleavage based on class divisions in defining the dominant dimension of political conflict. An explanation along these lines suggests a reconfiguration of the political space in the sense that 1) the main cleavage within the political space changes its direction from the economic axis towards the cultural axis, but 2) also the semantics of the cultural axis itself is changing towards globalization related topics. In this paper, we empirically address this reconfiguration of the political space by comparing political spaces for Germany built using topic modeling with the spaces based on the content analysis of the Manifesto project and the corresponding categories of political goals. We find that both spaces have a similar structure and that the AfD appears on a new dimension. In order to characterize this new dimension we employ a novel technique, inter-issue consistency networks (IICN) that allow to analyze the evolution of the correlations between the political positions on different issues over several elections. We find that the new dimension introduced by the AfD can be related to the split off of a new “cultural right” issue bundle from the previously existing center-right bundle.

Understanding relationships within cultural contexts: Developing an early childhood sibling relationship questionnaire in China

AbstractObjectiveCombining the cultural‐comparative approach and the indigenous approach, the current studies aimed to develop a questionnaire for measuring sibling relationship qualities in early childhood for Chinese children.BackgroundIn China, the number of families with more than one child is growing, calling for more research on sibling interactions in the context of contemporary Chinese culture.MethodTo ensure cultural validity in this study, 40 Chinese mothers of young children were interviewed to generate specific behavioral manifestations of dimensions related to the conceptual structure of sibling relationships found in well‐established theoretical and empirical work in the literature (i.e., including the dimensions of warmth, conflict, and rivalry). These behaviors were then aggregated and developed into 22 Likert‐scale items for the Chinese questionnaire. The new questionnaire was administered to 324 parents for exploratory factor analyses, 540 parents for confirmatory factor analyses, and 50 parents to estimate test–retest reliability.ResultsComparing the 22 items with items developed in similar U.S.‐based questionnaires, we found that Chinese parents emphasized qian rang (courteous compromising among siblings) while paying little attention to respect of personal space and emotional sharing among siblings. Validity and reliability checks yielded supportive results for this new questionnaire.ConclusionsFindings regarding the different items reflected the emphasis on interdependence and restrained emotional display in Chinese culture. The new questionnaire can be used as a culturally sensitive measure of sibling relationships in China.

Longitudinal Risk Profiles for Physical, Psychological, and Sexual Dating Aggression: a Latent Profile Analysis with Spanish Adolescents

IntroductionUnderstanding the specific risk profile for distinct forms of dating aggression (DA) is very informative to define cross-cutting interventions. The study aims to evaluate whether specific profiles of risk defined using a person-oriented approach predicted physical, sexual, and psychological DA after 6 months.MethodsEight hundred sixty-six Spanish adolescents were interviewed at two time points (50.5% male; average age = 15.04). Latent profile analysis at T1 was used to delineate profiles of individual and relational risk.ResultsA three-class model best represents the data: a “normative” class (N = 768; 88%); a “highly aggressive” class characterized by acceptance of violent norms, bullying behaviors, and anger dysregulation (N = 13, 1.5%); a “jealous-conflictual” class characterized by cognitive and emotional jealousy, negative couple quality, and anger dysregulation (N = 85, 10%). Controlling for age, sex, and longitudinal stability, physical DA was predicted significantly by the “highly aggressive” profile (β = .11; p < .05), psychological DA by the “jealous-conflictual” profile (β = .16; p < .01), and sexual DA by the “jealous-conflictual” (β = .20; p < .001) and “highly aggressive” profile as a trend (β = .08; p = .071).ConclusionsSpecific risk profiles differentially predict risk for physical, sexual, and psychological DA perpetration. A general aggressive pattern predicts physical DA and sexual DA weakly, whereas psychological and sexual DA are associated with a couple of risks, where the dimension of jealousy, control, and conflict characterizes the dynamic between partners.Policy ImplicationsFindings suggested that physical DA, and at a lower level sexual DA, should be prevented using cross-cutting strategies on general aggression. Psychological and sexual DA might require more contextually based interventions.

ROLE STRESSORS AND ALIENATION FROM WORK DURING COVID-19 SETTING

Summary: This study explores the interrelationships between work alienation and the role stressor dimensions of ambiguity and conflict. Diagnostics of role stressors in the workplace /Radoslavova, M. 2005/ and Assessment of alienation from work /Velichkov, A. 2005/. The data were collected with an online questionnaire, entered with Google Forms and processed with SPSS-21 using: descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis. The results are compared with similar previous studies conducted in Bulgaria and abroad. Respondents were 75 individuals, 72% of them were doctors working in a government hospital in a regional city. The results of the study showed that role ambiguity is a major workplace stressor in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic. Alienation from work is very high, which is also a significant antecedent for developing Burnout Syndrome.&#x0D;