Digital World Research Articles

Application and Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Case Study of Programming Education

With the rising demand for personalized learning and increased digital natives, the traditional education model is under pressure to reform. the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) provides new education solutions, and the application of AI is becoming widespread, from intelligent tutoring to automated grading to learning analytics. However, the application of AI in education is not without challenges. This literature review aims to explore the impact of AI on education, analyze its potential advantages, and propose strategies to address the challenges and provide guidance for the future development of education. Understanding the impact of AI on education is instructive for the future direction of AI in education and reveals the importance of AI for education to the extent that it is important for formulating effective educational policies and cultivating future talents in AI technology. The final results of the study show that although AI in the education industry there are various difficulties and limitations, but AI offers great potential for smarter and more efficient education levels and education systems. In today's era, computer programming education is emerging as a pivotal force in shaping the future, as it not only hones students' logical thinking and innovative capabilities but also lays a solid foundation for their career paths in the digital world. By integrating knowledge across various disciplines, programming education stimulates students' enthusiasm for applying their learning to real-world problems and enhances their sense of social engagement, enabling them to tackle challenges through technological means.

Evolución histórica de la catalogación a través del tiempo

The article examines the evolution of cataloging from ancient Sumerian tablets to current standards in the contemporary digital age. The relevance of structuring and classifying knowledge is highlighted in order to expide access and retrieval of information optimally. The milestones and key figures that have shaped the organization of knowledge over the centuries are analyzed, as well as the theoretical and practical currents that have influenced the development of cataloging regulations. The continuous evolution of cataloging procedures is highlighted, from the first book inventories to the adoption of contemporary standards such as RDA and conceptual models such as FRBR and FRAD. Likewise, the incorporation of technological advances such as the MARC 21 format and the implementation of linked data are mentioned, which have expanded search and discovery capabilities. The article emphasizes the importance of standardization and the processing of information in today's digital world.

The Audience is All in (or Not): Perceptions of the Affordances of Journalistic 360° Video

ABSTRACT This study shows how the affordances of journalistic 360° video shape and interact with audience perceptions. 360° video is a form of immersive journalism that allows news to be experienced from a first-person perspective while surrounded by a digital space, with the goal of achieving immersion. It is asked how low-level affordances (i.e., storytelling elements of immersive journalism) are perceived and connected to imagined affordances of 360° video, as well as high-level affordances (i.e., communicative outcomes). In-depth interviews were conducted with 37 German news consumers between the ages of 23 and 80, who were shown two videos on different topics and with two headsets of different sophistication. The study found that the low-level affordances of navigating the self in the story (use of a virtual body, direct address) were often perceived as confusing. Moreover, the use of the spatial narrative (use of the 360° space, unusual perspectives) clashed with interviewees' ideas of how journalism should be presented. The high-level affordance of immersion was achieved nevertheless; however, fears of manipulation were expressed. When the immersion was successful, interviewees felt as they were active participants in the digital world. All in all, careful tailoring of storytelling can help create fruitful immersive journalistic experiences.

Eye tracking research on readers’ interactions with multimodal texts: a mini-review

This mini-review advocates for the role of eye-tracking research in understanding readers’ engagement with multimodal texts. Synthesizing findings from a variety of studies, the review reveals how eye-tracking gives insights into sophisticated interactions between the textual, visual, and auditory elements within reading environments that assist both cognitive processing and comprehension. Several gaps were revealed: limited demographic scope, integration of advanced technologies, and substantial impact to the area of eye tracking and multimodal literacy. Future directions must therefore include studies across diverse populations, innovative technologies, and cross-discipline research studies. These directions are critical for advancing literacy development in an increasingly multimodal digital world.

IoT Applications in Healthcare and Industry: Current State, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various domains by enabling seamless communication between devices and systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various domains by enabling seamless communication between devices and systems. This technological marvel connects the physical and digital worlds, creating smarter environments and driving unprecedented innovation. From healthcare to industry, transportation to agriculture, IoT is reshaping how we interact with technology, making processes faster, more efficient, and remarkably intuitive. In healthcare, IoT empowers patients with remote monitoring, smart devices, and real-time data insights, ensuring better outcomes and accessible care. In industries, IoT drives automation, predictive maintenance, and optimized supply chains, reducing costs and boosting productivity. This paper explores the applications of IoT in healthcare and industry, highlighting its current state, challenges, and future prospects. A comprehensive literature review is conducted to understand the advancements, and potential solutions to key challenges such as security, interoperability, and data management are discussed. Finally, the paper presents a roadmap for future research to maximize IoT's potential in these critical sectors

Openness and Warmth in the Digital World: Examining Therapeutic Relationships in Online Counseling in Javanese Culture

The advancement of digital technology has significantly transformed counseling practices, including those in Indonesia. This study explores the therapeutic relationships in online counseling, particularly as the cultural values of togetherness and openness characteristic of Javanese society influence them. A qualitative approach, employing a phenomenological study design, was utilized for this research. The subjects included 15 participants, comprising eight counselors and seven clients, selected through purposive sampling techniques. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. Techniques such as data triangulation and member checking were employed to ensure data validity. The findings reveal that while non-verbal communication barriers and limited personal interaction pose challenges, digital counseling expands access to services. Interestingly, in some cases, clients exhibit greater openness, benefiting from the anonymity and physical distance that digital platforms provide. This study emphasizes the significance of adopting a culturally informed counseling approach to enhance the quality of therapeutic relationships in the digital era.

Predicting Surface Roughness and Grinding Forces in UNS S34700 Steel Grinding: A Machine Learning and Genetic Algorithm Approach to Coolant Effects

In today’s tech world of digitalization, engineers are leveraging tools such as artificial intelligence for analyzing data in order to enhance their capability in evaluating product quality effectively. This research study adds value by applying algorithms and various machine learning techniques—such as support vector regression, Gaussian process regression, and artificial neural networks—on a dataset related to the grinding process of UNS S34700 steel. What sets this study apart is its consideration of factors like three types of grinding wheels, four distinct cooling solutions, and seven varied depths of cut. These parameters are assessed for their impact on surface roughness and grinding forces, resulting in the conversion of information into insights. A relational equation with 25 coefficients is developed, using optimized algorithms to predict surface roughness with an 85 percent accuracy and grinding forces with a 90 percent accuracy rate. Learning from machine models like the Gaussian process regression exhibited stability, with an R2 value of 0.98 and a mean accuracy of 93 percent. Artificial neural networks achieved an R2 value of 0.96, and an accuracy rate of 90 percent. These findings suggest that machine learning techniques are versatile and precise when dealing with datasets. They align well with digitalization and predictive trends. In conclusion; machine learning provides flexibility and superior accuracy for predicting data trends compared to the formulaic approach, which is contained to existing datasets only. The versatility of machine learning highlights its significance in engineering practices for making data-informed decisions.

Decoding Cybercrimes: Cyber Forensic Science Leads the Way in Solving Digital Mysteries

Introduction: In an increasingly digital world, where almost every aspect of our lives is mediated by technology, the rise of cybercrimes presents a formidable challenge. These crimes, ranging from data breaches to online fraud and cyber-attacks, not only threaten individuals' privacy and security but also undermine the integrity of businesses and institutions worldwide. In response, the field of cyber forensic science has emerged as a critical tool in the investigation and resolution of these digital mysteries. Aim and objectives: The observational research design of this work really focuses on the models of digital forensic investigation that are now in use. Methods: The methodology outlined aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how cyber forensic science contributes to solving digital crimes. By combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, this research will offer valuable insights into the effectiveness and challenges of forensic techniques in the cyber realm. Results: Cyber Forensics and Digital Forensics are semantically connected. It focuses on the research of digital data-storage devices. As shown in Fig. 1. It divides forensic science into many specializations, each of which examines particular functions, as seen in Fig. 2. There are various standard procedures that make up the Digital Forensic Investigation Model. Figure 3 shows the major stages of forensic model. To eliminate discrepancies found in the inquiry phases, the phases were divided. This method is restricted to the investigation of computer fraud. Conclusion: An overview of current models for digital forensic inquiry is provided in this study. By removing the disparities between the current models of digital forensic inquiry, the research highlights the shortcomings of the models and offers an improved alternative.

Land: Governance, Digitization and Human Rights – a Comparative Study

The digitization of land records is being promoted by the World Bank at scale, especially in developing countries. Efficiently maintaining land records can improve tenure safety and food security, reduce poverty, and aid democratic urbanization. While the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development encourages the use of new technology to administer land, it also forewarns that such initiatives ought to factor in digital divide. These evolving processes tend to have a detrimental impact on the tenure rights of marginalized people who are devoid of both access and understanding of such modernization efforts. Through this paper, we examine digitization and associated land governance processes from a human rights perspective. To bring them to light, we compare digitization initiatives in both India and South Africa and draw lessons from them to address issues of equity, inclusion, and good governance in an increasingly digital world.

Grammar Practices in the Digital World

Teaching and protecting Hungarian language and cultural values have become more and more challenging due to the fast spread of uncontrollable digital platforms. In their text-based digital products (e-mail, chat, blog, etc.), youngsters prefer elliptical expressions (digital slang) to grammatically correct sentences. Schools, course books offer a wide variety of opportunities to practise grammar, but students find these exercises rather boring and consider them as school chores. As students live in the digital world, teachers should consider alternatives to offering exclusively classical, paper-based exercises. The present work provides a subject-integrated approach, where paper-based course book tasks are converted into data management problems to practise grammar. This novel approach may enable students to become more engaged not only in solving the original grammar problems but also in finding digital solutions. Building algorithms helps them understand grammar rules, as well as differences between handwritten and computer-stored characters.It is also stipulated that our approach is open to generalization and suitable to solve similar problems in languages other than Hungarian.

The impact of online customised and personalised apparel

The absence of a digital platform that facilitates customised and personalised, accurately fitted apparel has created a vacuum for those looking for tailored apparel as a form of individualism that mirrors their perceived personality, attitudes, and behaviour. This research study investigated the need to purchase customised and personalised apparel online in South Africa against the backdrop of evolving disruptive technologies driving a growing global economy and marketplace. This has dramatically influenced the textile and fashion industry to integrate with the digital world. A sample of 100 participants was divided into 4 age categories. A total of 27 responses were collected utilising an online survey questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics on Microsoft Excel. The demand for customised, personalised apparel online has been investigated by analysing who purchases apparel from a dressmaker. The results, while indicating that less than half of the respondents purchase customised, personalised apparel, also highlight a significantly high percentage that does, substantiating the potential of this market. Furthermore, the findings reveal a strong willingness among respondents to use 3D mobile scanning, purchase more if it is more accessible, and participate in the design process online. The study is essential to understanding motivations for purchasing customised and personalised apparel, market demand and consumer preferences to boost local economic growth, and customising and personalising clothing as an individual expression within a unique social context. The outcome will enable customers to partake in online design and add their body measurements to purchase apparel tailored to their specific needs.

Computational Thinking Integrated in School Subjects – A Cross-Case Analysis of Students’ Experiences

The integration of computational thinking (CT) into K-12 education offers substantial potential to improve digital literacy and deepen students’ understanding across various subject areas. By embedding computational procedures and solution-oriented approaches into traditional curricula, students can develop essential skills that are critical for thriving in an increasingly digital world. However, the effective integration of CT into subject-specific learning poses challenges for educators, largely due to a lack of training and experience in implementing interdisciplinary instructional strategies. This study explores the impact of integrating CT into K-12 education through diverse instructional approaches, including modelling, storytelling, and unplugged activities. The research examines how students' subject knowledge, CT concepts, and practices evolved under each CT integration practice, as well as their acceptance toward CT integrated lessons. The study was conducted in different subjects, including language arts, biology, and physics, and at different grade levels. The technology acceptance model was used as a theoretical framework to understand students' adoption towards the different integration practices. The study revealed that different CT integration practices yield varying impacts on students' attitudes, particularly in relation to their prior programming experiences. Namely, primary school students with prior programming experience display a higher behavioural intention due to a lack of early biases toward programming. Conversely, secondary school students, less familiar with interdisciplinary approaches, initially show less enthusiasm for future engagement. These insights underscore the need for tailored instructional strategies that consider students' prior experiences and the broader goal of preparing them to contribute to a technologically driven society.

HiSC4D: Human-Centered Interaction and 4D Scene Capture in Large-Scale Space Using Wearable IMUs and LiDAR.

We introduce HiSC4D, a novel Human-centered interaction and 4D Scene Capture method, aimed at accurately and efficiently creating a dynamic digital world, containing large-scale indoor-outdoor scenes, diverse human motions, rich human-human interactions, and human-environment interactions. By utilizing body-mounted IMUs and a head-mounted LiDAR, HiSC4D can capture egocentric human motions in unconstrained space without the need for external devices and pre-built maps. This affords great flexibility and accessibility for human-centered interaction and 4D scene capturing in various environments. Taking into account that IMUs can capture human spatially unrestricted poses but are prone to drifting for long-period using, and while LiDAR is stable for global localization but rough for local positions and orientations, HiSC4D employs a joint optimization method, harmonizing all sensors and utilizing environment cues, yielding promising results for long-term capture in large scenes. To promote research of egocentric human interaction in large scenes and facilitate downstream tasks, we also present a dataset, containing 8 sequences in 4 large scenes (200 to 5,000 [Formula: see text]), providing 36 k frames of accurate 4D human motions with SMPL annotations and dynamic scenes, 31k frames of cropped human point clouds, and scene mesh of the environment. A variety of scenarios, such as the basketball gym and commercial street, alongside challenging human motions, such as daily greeting, one-on-one basketball playing, and tour guiding, demonstrate the effectiveness and the generalization ability of HiSC4D. The dataset and code will be publicly available for research purposes.

Enhancing video anomaly detection for human suspicious behavior through deep hybrid temporal spatial network

Abnormal behavior exhibited by individuals with particular intentions is common, and when such behavior occurs in public places, it can cause physical and mental harm to others. Considering the rise in the automated approach for anomaly detection in videos, accuracy becomes essential. Most existing models follow a deep learning architecture, which faces challenges due to variations in motion. This research work develops a deep learning based hybrid architecture with temporal and spatial features. The hybrid temporal spatial network (HTSNet) consists of two customized architectures: a graph neural network (GNN) and a convolutional neural network (CNN). HTSNet combined with a novel classifier to extract features and classify normal and abnormal behavior. The performance of HTSNet is rigorously evaluated using the University of California, San Diego-Pedestrian 1 (UCSD Ped1) dataset, a benchmark in computer vision research for anomaly detection in video surveillance. The effectiveness of HTSNet is demonstrated through a comparative analysis with current state-of-the-art methods, using the area under the curve (AUC) metric as a standard measure of performance. This paper contributes to the advancement of video surveillance technology, providing a robust framework for enhancing public safety and security in an increasingly digital world.

IoT Authentication Protocols: Challenges, and Comparative Analysis

In the ever-evolving information technology landscape, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a groundbreaking concept that bridges the physical and digital worlds. It is the backbone of an increasingly sophisticated interactive environment, yet it is a subject of intricate security challenges spawned by its multifaceted manifestations. Central to securing IoT infrastructures is the crucial aspect of authentication, necessitating a comprehensive examination of its nuances, including benefits, challenges, opportunities, trends, and societal implications. In this paper, we thoroughly review the IoT authentication protocols, addressing the main challenges such as privacy protection, scalability, and human factors that may impact security. Through exacting analysis, we evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of existing authentication protocols and conduct a comparative performance analysis to evaluate their effectiveness and scalability in securing IoT environments and devices. At the end of this study, we summarize the main findings and suggest ways to improve the security of IoT devices in the future.

Digital relatedness: A longitudinal study on social resources and the use of smart technology

The digital world is a vital place to connect with others. This study investigates individual differences in experiencing relatedness through new technologies, or “digital relatedness.” The study is grounded in a novel framework that combines social and digital capital and self-determination theory perspectives. We used a three-wave survey conducted from 2021 to 2023 involving 1226 Finnish adults and applied random effects within-between models for data analysis. The results show positive within- and between-person effects of a preference for interacting with artificially intelligent systems (over humans) and the use of smart technology on digital relatedness as well as positive between-person effects of a sense of local community belonging. The positive effect of using smart technology was particularly evident for individuals with a lower or medium level of local community belonging. The results suggest that frequent technology use can enhance digital relatedness, especially for those less connected to their local community.

Secured Folder Encryption and Decryption

In today's digital world, when sensitive data is routinely targeted by thieves, strong encryption technologies are critical for preventing breaches and ransomware attacks. Our research solves this need by creating a Secure Folder Encryption System that employs AES-GCM (Advanced Encryption Standard - Galois/Counter Mode) and HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) to secure data confidentiality and integrity when stored on cloud servers. Drawing on research on ECG image file encryption using ECDH and AES-GCM, we choose AES-GCM for its high resistance to manipulation and unauthorized access, while ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm) improves data authenticity. This method encrypts files before uploading them to the cloud, data is secure even if intercepted. In addition to a user friendly interface, the system is tuned for performance, evaluating encryption and decryption times and file sizes. Given the concerning trend of stolen encrypted data being sold on the dark web, as reported in recent headlines, our project offers a secure and effective method for safeguarding critical information in cloud storage

TECNOLOGIAS NO PROCESSO EDUCACIONAL: TRANSFORMAÇÕES PEDAGÓGICAS E DESAFIOS AO / NO ENSINO

In recent years, technology has become essential in the educational landscape, as it has significantly transformed the way students 'learn' and how teachers 'teach'. This duality points to the process and insertion of technology in/for education – mainly by highlighting benefits, challenges and impacts on educational theoretical conceptions, as well as on the practices instituted in the pedagogical context. In this way, we sought to revisit not only the pertinent literature, but also to discuss the technological dimensions and their roles in learning, engagements, skills and, above all, to understand that 'access to digital information' is a dual sphere that requires learning new challenges, 'breaking paradigms' and accepting the risks imposed in the continuing education of teachers. Thus, the present text points out possibilities, even if theoretical, capable of providing opportunities for theory and practice of the digital world that, as far as possible, facilitates the educational process as a tool to transform the challenges incorporated into teaching in the modern world.

Vulnerability and Malware Detection

The increasingly linked digital world oftoday has made cybersecurity a top priority. The rise in cyber dangers, notably vulnerabilities and malware, poses major risks to individuals, organizations, and governments. This review article offers a thorough analysis of the approachesand instruments currently in use for malware and vulnerability detection. It examines and contrasts several detection methods, such as machine learning techniques, static and dynamic analysis, and signature-based detection. The study also examines new developments in the sector, such as the application of big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) to the detection of complex threats. It also covers the need for real-time detection methods, changing threat environments, and the difficulties posed by false positives.

Optimizing Linked List-based Smart Contract on Ethereum with IPFS for E-book Management System

People are now widely adopting digital assets in various applications, integrating them into almost every aspect of their lives. Electronic books, or e-books, are one of the digital assets that result from the transformation of physical reading material into the digital world. Nowadays, blockchain is used in many industries because it provides immutable and transparent records. E-book publishers may take this opportunity to adopt blockchain technology for e-book data management. However, blockchain storage is limited; thus, storing the e-book files in blockchain is not recommended. A decentralized storage system, such as InterPlanetary Files Systems (IPFS), is an alternative way to store large files like e-books. IPFS can facilitate the storage of e-book files while the metadata is stored in the blockchain. The e-book metadata should be stored in a structured way for effective search and retrieval. E-book metadata could be added, deleted, and updated occasionally. Nevertheless, some data structures often struggle with dynamic collections of records. This paper proposes a linked list-based smart contract on Ethereum that integrates with IPFS for the e-book management system. We demonstrate the implementation of a linked list smart contract for insertion, deletion, update, retrieval, and traversal of the e-book’s metadata. The result shows that a linked list-based smart contract with IPFS could offer a robust solution for e-book data management. This solution provides more opportunities to explore further security and cryptography approaches toward a secure e-book management system.