Evolución histórica de la catalogación a través del tiempo

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to provide researchers with a better understanding of the cultural impact on information processing in virtual learning environment. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a causal loop diagram to depict the cultural impact on information processing in the virtual human resource development (VHRD) learning platform. This study takes a theoretical approach and examines current literature pertaining to VHRDs, virtual worlds (VWs), system dynamics, causal loop diagrams (CLDs) and cross-cultural studies. Findings – This study provides a conceptual model to describe and discuss the cultural impact on information processing in VHRD. Research limitations/implications – Literature has begun to reflect the concerns with cultural impact in VHRD; however, research is still in the beginning stages. This study proposes a conceptual model of information processing that includes the cultural impact. Future work based on this study will continue to test and improve the conceptual model. Practical implications – The conceptual model accounts for the complexities of the interaction between internal and external information processing systems. Instructional designers or educators can apply this conceptual model to understand the impact of culture on information process during training programs in the VHRD environment. With this model, they could provide an effective or efficient training programs for their trainees. Social implications – The conceptual model adopts a systemic viewpoint to describe the cultural impact on VHRD. For future studies, researchers could adopt this conceptual model to further illustrate the association between understanding information processing and recognizing the cultural impact on information processing. Originality/value – This study provided a framework for HRD researchers and practitioners to detect challenges and opportunities to work with cultural impact on information processing in VHRD. Instructional designers or educators could utilize this model to understand the process, and further offer an effective or efficient training programs for their trainees.

Literacy for the Digital Immigrant

Potentials of changing customer needs in a digital world – a conceptual model and recommendations for action in tourism

The role of information systems is changing in an increasingly digitalized world. Does this situation mean that established conceptual modeling practices relevant to the analysis and design of systems must change as well? In this talk, I will answer this question with a definite and affirmative “yes”. I will review the traditional assumptions around the conceptual modeling of information systems and demonstrate how advances in digital technology increasingly challenge these assumptions. I will then present a new framework for conceptual modeling that is consistent with the emerging requirements of a digital world. The framework draws attention to the role of conceptual models as mediators between physical and digital realities. It identifies new research questions about grammars, methods, scripts, agents, and contexts that are situated in intertwined physical and digital realities. I will discuss several implications for conceptual modeling scholarship for systems analysis and design that relate to the necessity of developing new methods and grammars for conceptual modeling, broadening the methodological array of conceptual modeling scholarship, and considering new dependent variables.

The role of information systems is changing in an increasingly digitalized world. Does this situation mean that established conceptual modeling practices relevant to the analysis and design of systems must change as well? In this talk, I will answer this question with a definite and affirmative “yes”. I will review the traditional assumptions around the conceptual modeling of information systems and demonstrate how advances in digital technology increasingly challenge these assumptions. I will then present a new framework for conceptual modeling that is consistent with the emerging requirements of a digital world. The framework draws attention to the role of conceptual models as mediators between physical and digital realities. It identifies new research questions about grammars, methods, scripts, agents, and contexts that are situated in intertwined physical and digital realities. I will discuss several implications for conceptual modeling scholarship for systems analysis and design that relate to the necessity of developing new methods and grammars for conceptual modeling, broadening the methodological array of conceptual modeling scholarship, and considering new dependent variables.

China and Vietnam as information peripheries Until this chapter, most of our analyses on the consequences of the information revolution for environmental governance have been focused on the more developed parts of the world, or on the global networks and flows that connect and integrate these developed parts of the world with specific nodes, places and practices in the lesser-developed countries and regions. It goes without saying, however, that information flows, informational processes and information access are not similar in all parts of the world and in all countries (cf. Zook, 2001; Gunaratne, 2002), resulting in geographical variations in the importance and relevance of informational governance on environment. The limited number of studies and analyses on how the information revolution and the Information Society affect environmental protection and governance have focused on the more developed parts of the world (see, for instance, the studies on the Information Society and sustainability by the EU). These are all information-rich environments, in which information generation, processing, access and use are relatively abundant; and – consequently – where informational dynamics can indeed play a significant role in environmental governance. But as this widespread availability of (environmental) information is not found everywhere and significant parts and spaces of the globe witness severe information shortages, what does informational governance look like in information-poor environments? Is informational governance at all a relevant category in such environments? In order to start gaining an insight in these questions we will look at two developing countries: China and Vietnam.

Information systems (IS) development is viewed as a process of transforming users' knowledge about some subject matter into a computer-based system which faithfully represents that knowledge. A critical step in this process is conceptual modelling--the development of an implementation-independent representation of the relevant knowledge. While the importance of conceptual modelling has gained increasing recognition, many existing conceptual models remain based on software, rather than knowledge, constructs. This research adopts the premise that a conceptual model should provide constructs for directly modelling knowledge. Since the subject matter of organizational IS is typically things in organizations, theories of concepts (classification), which deal with the structure and organization of knowledge about things, are an appropriate source of modelling constructs. A classical theory of concepts suggests five knowledge constructs--instance, property, concept, specialization, and composition. The thesis develops formal definitions of each of these constructs. The notion of direct correspondence is then used to define a conceptual information systems model called MIMIC, which contains a corresponding set of constructs--object, attribute, class, specialized class, and composite class. The model offers several contributions to conceptual modelling research and practice, including: (1) minimal requirements for a good class structure; (2) naturalness of a lattice structure for class organization; (3) refinements to the meaning of IS-A connections between classes in a lattice; (4) distinction between simple relationships and those which can be regarded as objects; (5) simple foundation for treating time in conceptual modelling; and (6) a normative model of objects under the assumption that a fundamental objective of the object paradigm of computing is to provide a set of natural modelling constructs. The value of the model is further illustrated by using it as a framework to evaluate several other conceptual modelling approaches. The results of this comparison indicate that, while other models do support cognitive constructs to varying degrees, each is weak in supporting some elements of the classical view of concepts. Finally, a detailed example is used to demonstrate the capability of the model for uniformly representing knowledge across several classes of applications.

Architects of Memory: Information and Rhetoric in a Networked Archival Age

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Access to information research in the digital era

Summary This article is devoted to determining the role and place of the EU in the international information space, as well as identifying problematic aspects and existing challenges that the EU faces in implementing its digital strategy in the field of data governance and protection. In the context of the growing influence of such key political figures as, for example, the USA and China, which have dominant influence on the digital economy, the issue of proper ensuring the digital sovereignty of the EU in the field of global data governance comes to the fore. This is due to the fact that it is the digital sovereignty that should guarantee the strategic autonomy of the EU in the digital world in the context of the EU’s increasing dependence on foreign technologies and services and a shortage of investments in the digital sector. In this research, the authors focus on the need to develop and use a model of multilateral participation in the field of data governance and protection in the digital world, which, in turn, implies prevention of weakening the role of the state in regulating the digital market, since it is the states (including the EU) that are the primary guarantors of human rights protection in the digital world.

The purpose of this study is to explore and to identify the existing problems of modern reading and to suggest possible solutions. The study focuses on the role of different forms of reading in development and shaping of personality in the digital age. Radical and rapid technological developments in the world, especially after the 2000s, including devices such as computers, internet, smartphones, tablets, e-books and e-readers, have also changed the reading people behavior. Digital reading has started to become a popular type of reading in the digital world. Important issues such as popularity of digital reading he world, reading preference trends in printed and digital formats, reading preferences by age groups and how future developments in this regard need to be examined. This study defines and examines first the basic concepts of digital reading and also the advantages and disadvantages of digital reading. In addition some statistical data regarding printed and digital reading in various countries around the world were interpreted as well as the results of the research conducted in Turkey were evaluated in the study. It can be said that digital reading is becoming increasingly popular in the world in general, but not very quickly. All age groups still prefer printed formats primarily. It can be said that the preferred reading type may vary depending on the purpose of reading, and in general, digital reading is preferred choice for academic-scientific and educational reading. Printed reading is favored for leisure reading. At the end of the study, some predictions and suggestions were made regarding the future trends of digital reading. The main result shows that reading under the influence of the socio-cultural environment is changing all over the world. These transformational phenomena manifest themselves in both positive and negative senses. The author drew our attention to the fact that children and teenagers should develop both types of reading. The author noted that families, teachers, schools and libraries should play an important role in this case.

Remote sensing employs a range of conceptual and mechanistic models. Several conceptual models have been proposed to explain remote sensing systems (RSSs) and either directly prescribe or elucidate the configuration of such systems based on scene conditions and information requirements. This study interrogates the utility of these models for the design and practical implementation of RSSs to address time-sensitive information requirements and proposes a novel conceptual model, the remote sensing communication model, that places remote sensing within a decision support context.Three pertinent remote sensing conceptual models are critically assessed based on their satisfaction of three basic requirements: (1) prescribe or explicate RSS configuration based on user information requirements, (2) elucidate dependencies between information type, accuracy, and timeliness, and (3) describe the effect of RSS configuration on the effectiveness of users’ decisions. The conceptual remote sensing models that are evaluated are not found to be appropriate for the design and configuration of time-sensitive RSSs (TSRSSs).The remote sensing communication model employs the (information theory) communication model developed by Shannon and Weaver to elucidate the acquisition, transmission, processing, interpretation, and effectiveness of information derived from a TSRSS. Weaver’s three levels of effective communication are used to explain the varying value of information as a function of time and user characteristics and to elucidate the effect of RSS configuration on the ability of remote sensing-derived information to inform decisions in a timely manner. The concept of communication channel capacity is used to estimate the timeliness of RSSs, and a brief example of its implementation is presented.

Summary form only given, as follows. What will be the simplest and yet useful interface? A single click on a button (one bit) is the minimum information to command a device to initiate a service for the owner. This simple interface, however, requires enormous computing and intelligence in the background. The device must recognize the situation, learn preferences and understand the intention of the owner, and plan for its own action. The task is obviously too heavy for a single portable device. Therefore it must utilize the information processing (IP) capabilities embedded in the environment as well as getting multi-modal information from sensors in various kinds. Software agents must cooperate with each other for acquiring and processing information. In the talk I want to present a design for a future vision of ubiquitous IP environment, namely the Cyber Assist project. The main target of the project is the development of IP technologies for situated, or location dependent, support of users. Physical properties such as location will play an essential role in IP. The grounding of symbolic information to the real physical world, or informational integration of digital and physical world, makes IP richer. For example, location-oriented addressing, instead of identity-oriented addressing, supports anonymity of the recipient on one hand and allows location-based services on the other. I believe that the general direction of the vision is shared by many research groups in the world. I want to mention some of them in the talk.

BackgroundAll aspects of our society, including the life sciences, need a mechanism for people working within them to represent the concepts they employ to carry out their research. For the information systems being designed and developed to support researchers and scientists in conducting their work, conceptual models of the relevant domains are usually designed as both blueprints for a system being developed and as a means of communication between the designer and developer. Most conceptual modelling concepts are generic in the sense that they are applied with the same understanding across many applications. Problems in the life sciences, however, are especially complex and important, because they deal with humans, their well-being, and their interactions with the environment as well as other organisms.ResultsThis work proposes a “systemist” perspective for creating a conceptual model of a life scientist’s problem. We introduce the notion of a system and then show how it can be applied to the development of an information system for handling genomic-related information. We extend our discussion to show how the proposed systemist perspective can support the modelling of precision medicine.ConclusionThis research recognizes challenges in life sciences research of how to model problems to better represent the connections between physical and digital worlds. We propose a new notation that explicitly incorporates systemist thinking, as well as the components of systems based on recent ontological foundations. The new notation captures important semantics in the domain of life sciences. It may be used to facilitate understanding, communication and problem-solving more broadly. We also provide a precise, sound, ontologically supported characterization of the term “system,” as a basic construct for conceptual modelling in life sciences.