Virtual Workplace Research Articles

Designing trust: The formation of employees’ trust in conversational AI in the digital workplace

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption and use of AI technologies to support the virtualisation of the workplace. While previous research showed that systems’ use critically depends on users’ trust, little is known about the development of trust in AI technologies. This research focuses on an AI chatbot as a type of organisational AI system and asks how and why employees’ trust towards an AI chatbot is formed and sustained. To answer the research questions, we conducted an interpretive single case study of a global organisation. The study identifies three types of trust experienced by AI chatbot users – emotional, cognitive and organisational – and develops a framework of experiential and sustained trust formation. It contributes to the information systems literature by demonstrating the critical importance of emotional and organisational trust in complementing cognitive trust, as well as the key design features that promote trust in AI chatbot use.

Virtual fun in a virtual workplace: employee socialization for “work from home”

PurposeThis paper introduces “virtual fun at the virtual workplace” and conceptualizes its impact on virtual socialization and the formation of virtual professional ties. The conceptual model also recognizes the moderation of a few variables: “awareness of being observed,” “diversity in the virtual workplace” and “virtual impression management.”Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes a theoretical approach to develop a conceptual framework of virtual fun in the virtual workplace, drawing on social exchange theory (SET) and social network theory (SNT).FindingsThe study extends the tenets of the SET and extends the applicability of SNT to a virtual workplace. The study suggests that managers should introduce semi-organized virtual fun during scheduled breaks within work hours to aid in virtual socialization, which further aids in the formation and strengthening of “professional ties” in the virtual workplace.Originality/valueThis study is the first of its kind to conceptualize a model for virtual fun in the virtual workplace.

Adopting a metaverse-based workspace to support research team collaboration: a pilot study from an academic health informatics laboratory.

This study aimed to understand how a metaverse-based (virtual) workspace can be used to support the communication and collaboration in an academic health informatics lab. A survey of lab members (n = 14) was analyzed according to a concurrent triangulation mixed methods design. The qualitative survey data were organized according to the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, Behavior (COM-B) model and combined to generate personas that represent the overall types of lab members. Additionally, scheduled work hours were analyzed quantitatively to complement the findings of the survey feedback. Four personas, representative of different types of virtual workers, were developed using the survey responses. These personas reflected the wide variety of opinions about virtual work among the participants and helped to categorize the most common feedback. The Work Hours Schedule Sheet analysis showed the low number of possible collaboration opportunities that were utilized compared to the number available. We found that informal communication and co-location were not supported by the virtual workplace as we had originally planned. To solve this issue, we offer 3 design recommendations for those looking to implement their own virtual informatics lab. First, labs should establish common goals and norms for virtual workplace interactions. Second, labs should carefully plan the virtual space layout to maximize communication opportunities. Finally, labs should work with their platform of choice to address technical limitations for their lab members to improve user experience. Future work includes a formal, theory-guided experiment with consideration on ethical and behavioral impact.

Balancing Security and Information Management in the Digital Workplace

As the digital workplace becomes more prevalent, organizations are faced with the challenge of balancing security and information management. On one hand, there is a need to protect sensitive data and prevent cyberattacks, while on the other hand, organizations must enable employees to collaborate and share information effectively. Machine learning (ML) is a promising technology that can help organizations address this challenge. By analyzing data patterns and identifying potential security threats, ML algorithms can enhance security measures and mitigate risks. At the same time, ML can also facilitate information management by automating routine tasks and improving the accuracy of data analysis. In this paper, we explore the role of ML in balancing security and information management in the digital workplace. We propose a hybrid ML model that integrates autoencoder and convolutional subnetworks in unified architecture to help capturing and security threats in the digital workplace, without compromising the information management tasks. We also present a case study of a real-world implementation of ML in a digital workplace setting, highlighting the benefits and limitations of this approach. Our findings suggest that ML can be a valuable tool for achieving a balance between security and information management in the digital workplace, but its successful implementation requires careful consideration of organizational context and stakeholder needs.

The Transformation in Philippine BPO Companies: The Impact of Digital Workplace Transformation to the Front Office CSR in terms of their Work Culture

The workforce in various industries, particularly the BPO industry, experiences significant impacts from digital workplace transformation. It is affected by employee skill levels, knowledge, efficiency, and rationalization. This research aims to investigate the impact of digital workplace transformation on work culture, represented by the following variables: employee retention, motivation, and productivity. Participants in this study work as front-office customer service representatives (CSR) for business processing outsourcing (BPO) companies in the Philippines, specifically the top BPO companies on the list issued by the IT & Business Process Association of the Philippines (IBPAP). Using a mixed method approach, the researchers incorporated qualitative and quantitative data for this study, allowing them to compile all the necessary information. Using Somer's delta, the researchers identified the association between the dependent and independent variables. After analyzing the data, researchers found that the development of the digital workplace positively impacts work culture. At the same time, the shift to a digital workplace benefits worker productivity, motivation, and retention. On the contrary, with the interview results of the study conducted with the respective team leaders of these employees, the researchers discovered that despite the magnificent benefits of digital workplace transformation, it can still cause stress and work overload. In conclusion, our research findings contradicted our initial hypothesis that the digital workplace would not significantly impact work culture in BPO companies. Instead, we discovered that digital workplace transformation impacts employee retention, motivation, and productivity. The transformation to a digital workplace progressively enhances the quality of work performed by customer service representatives in BPO companies, leading to a better work experience. Researchers recommend that BPO companies focus on skills development, effective communication, work environment enhancements, and supervisor support to ensure a successful transformation.

Digital Workplace and E-Leadership at the University of Riau’s Civic Education Study Program

This study aims to investigate the contribution of the digital workplace to the e-leadership of the academic community at the Civic Education Study Program, University of Riau. To do so, 124 people comprising lecturers (N=10) and students (N=114) were selected as samples. The experiences of participants were documented using questionnaire surveys which were divided into three parts. Part A and B were 4-Likert scale questions aimed at digital workplace and e-leadership, respectively, while part C contained some open questions regarding obstacles, strategies, and hopes in ICT use. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0.0.0. Based on the statistical analysis, it was found that there was a strong correlation between the digital workplace and e-leadership. While most of the respondents were facing difficulties in using ICT due to the lack of facilities, familiarity, and security, they mentioned that they had tried any possible measures to address these issues by themselves. Therefore, it is expected that the institution could support them through the improvement of ICT facilities and training.

Generative Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Recruitment Tools, Wearable Self-Tracking and Augmented Reality Devices, and Multimodal Behavioral Analytics in Virtual Workplaces

Generative Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Recruitment Tools, Wearable Self-Tracking and Augmented Reality Devices, and Multimodal Behavioral Analytics in Virtual Workplaces

Beyond the Screen: Safeguarding Mental Health in the Digital Workplace Through Organizational Commitment and Ethical Environment

Beyond the Screen: Safeguarding Mental Health in the Digital Workplace Through Organizational Commitment and Ethical Environment

Digital workplace and organization performance: Moderating role of digital leadership capability

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations have permitted their employees to work from anywhere, giving rise to the phenomenon of the digital workplace, which enables employees to do their work by connecting, communicating, and collaborating with other employees. Organizations’ dynamic capabilities play a major role in enabling this transformation of the workplace. As the situation is so recent, there is considerable interest amongst researchers, practitioners, academicians, and policymakers to understand the role of organizations’ dynamic capability in digital transformation of the workplace, as well as the role of digital leadership in improving organization performance and enabling the digital transformation process to happen. Therefore, this study investigates the influence of digital workplace on organization performance and the moderating role of digital leadership capability in digitally transforming the workplace. We developed a research model from our review of the literature review and dynamic capability view (DCV) theory, and then we validated it using the PLS-SEM technique on a sample of 335 respondents from different types of organizations that have embarked on the digital transformation journey. The study finds that the dynamic capabilities of organizations have a significant and positive influence on the digital transformation of the workplace, which in turn improves the employees’ work-life balance resulting better employee performance and superior organization performance. The study also highlights the significant role that digital leadership plays in the digital transformation of the workplace.

REMOTE WORK AND ITGC: ADDRESSING CHALLENGES AND IMPLEMENTING EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES IN THE DIGITAL WORKPLACE

This research explores the intersection of remote work and Information Technology General Controls (ITGC) in the digital workplace, presenting strategies for effective implementation. Examining global trends, the study reveals the accelerated adoption of remote work, emphasising the need for robust ITGC to safeguard digital assets. The literature review underscores the impact of remote work on productivity, collaboration challenges, and the relevance of ITGC frameworks. The integration of ITGC focuses on authentication, encryption, and endpoint security, aligning with policies that govern remote work practices. Effective implementation strategies are categorised into three pillars: Policy and Governance, emphasising the development of clear remote work policies and governance structures; Technology Infrastructure, emphasising secure and scalable solutions, collaboration platform evaluations, and continuous monitoring; and Employee Support and Well-being, highlighting mental health initiatives, virtual engagement, and comprehensive support services. The conclusion emphasises the ongoing nature of remote work and ITGC integration, requiring adaptability and vigilance. The outlined strategies provide organisations with a comprehensive framework to navigate the complexities of the digital workplace, ensuring security, productivity, and employee well-being in the evolving landscape of remote work.

Development of a Training Module for Virtual Workplace Design and Evaluation in the LEAD Factory

Development of a Training Module for Virtual Workplace Design and Evaluation in the LEAD Factory

Well-being in the Workplace: A Book Club Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

A culture of joy in the workplace supports well-being, but less is known about the effect of a shared experience on well-being and burnout in a health care setting. This pilot study investigated personal well-being and occupational burnout among primary care staff who participated in a 3-month virtual book club. In December 2021, health care workers from a primary care practice were invited to participate in a 3-month virtual book club. Participants were emailed a preintervention survey with questions regarding well-being and burnout, the pandemic's influence on emotional health, and demographic information. The book club met virtually every month from January 2022 through March 2022. After the March 2022 book club meeting, a paired postintervention survey was sent to participants with additional questions regarding their participation in the book club. Well-being and burnout were measured with the 11-point Well-Being Index, and the pandemic's influence on emotional health was assessed with the 64-point Pandemic Emotional Impact Scale. Of 12 book club participants, 9 participants (6 physicians and 3 nurses) completed surveys before and after the intervention. Postintervention improvement in the median score of the Pandemic Emotional Impact Scale was significant (7 points, P = .04). Although Well-Being Index results uniformly favored improved well-being after book club participation, the median improvement of 1 point was not significant (P = .69). Social connection through a virtual workplace activity such as a book club may contribute to well-being and may decrease occupational burnout.

Digitally Interactive Sensory Experiences, Generative Artificial Intelligence and Simulation Modeling Software Tools, and Virtual Team Performance in Immersive Virtual Workplaces

Digitally Interactive Sensory Experiences, Generative Artificial Intelligence and Simulation Modeling Software Tools, and Virtual Team Performance in Immersive Virtual Workplaces

Transformacija organizacione kulture u digitalnom i hibridnom radnom okruženju

In the world of digital economy, traditional success factors of organizations, such as a strong organizational culture, have been redefined and questioned. Modern organizations are faced with the challenge of rethinking not only the established work patterns and employee relations, but also examining ways to transform the existing organizational cultures that are no longer sufficient to create sustainable value in the digital world. This paper presents the key elements of the digital organizational culture, the characteristics of the digital workplace and environment, as well as the specifics of the working population that belongs to the digital culture, the so-called "digital" or "Z" generation. New forms of work in modern business such as hybrid work, telecommuting and remote work are also analyzed. Considering that the traditional organizational culture was conceived in the analogue age and was not developed so that it can be easily adapted to the digital and hybrid form of work and organizations, its evolution and transformation in the direction of the needs of modern man are necessary. It can be concluded that a digital organizational culture should encourage the development of a collaborative work environment, creativity and innovation, and lead to permanent business improvement through a unique digital strategy.

Collaborative Actions on Documents Ontology (ColActDOnt)

The analysis and interpretation of collaborative work in the Digital Workplace requires an in-depth understanding of the user actions carried out in Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS). The academic discipline of Process Mining (PM) provides us with methods and tools for the analysis of event logs. For PM to work successfully, we need event logs that are formatted using a standard (e.g. XES) that can be processed by existing PM tools. This is a challenge for the analysis of collaborative work because collaboration processes frequently span across multiple software products, which record user activity in their own proprietary log format. The data from different systems needs to be transformed and aggregated before it can be used by PM tools. To address this issue, we developed a novel concept for the harmonisation and aggregation of log files from collaboration systems. In this concept, events are described as user actions on documents. We formalised the concept in the Collaborative Actions on Documents Ontology (ColActDOnt). ColActDOnt specifies the concepts and properties of collaboration events. The ontology has been made publicly available in a machine-readable format and provides a basis for the analysis of cross-system collaboration.

SOCIAL MEDIA IMPACT ON TRADITIONAL MEDIA: A REVIEW ON THE REASON BEHIND THE CLOSURE OF UTUSAN MALAYSIA

Social media has changed people's behaviour, attitudes, habits, lifestyles, and the process of communication. The scholar describes social media as a double-edged sword because of having a positive and negative impact on society. The aim of the paper is to identify the effects of social media on traditional media, especially on printed newspapers. Content analysis in systematic reviews has been applied to collect data from secondary sources such as journal articles, newspaper articles, government websites, and non-government websites. Based on the collected data, social media's positive effects on society are imparting knowledge, accelerating the communication process, building a virtual workplace, and e-commerce marketing. On the other hand, social media's adverse effects are cyberbullying, hacking, addiction, and spreading fake news. Social media have threatened the printed newspaper, and the journalist confronts challenges staying on track. The circulation of the daily printed newspaper declined gradually due to the revolution of social media and social media-based citizen journalism practising in Malaysia. Many newspapers have been compelled to cease their operation due to losing subscribers dramatically. Finally, this paper provides a review of the reason behind the closure of printed newspapers in Malaysia. Based on the discussions and the previous study, the paper presents three significant reasons behind Utusan Malaysia's closure: poor economic conditions, political crisis, social media revolution, and citizen journalism practising in Malaysia. In conclusion, few suggestions have been discussed that might help printed newspapers in Malaysia to survive in the digital era.

Digital internal communication: An interplay of socio‐technical elements

AbstractDigital transformation has become a research focus in recent years. Likewise, internal communication (IC) is one of the fastest‐growing specialisations in public relations and communication management. This research explores digital internal communication (DIC) at the nexus between digital transformation and IC. We provide an integrative review of the literature; our thematic analysis of selected journal articles and other scholarly texts is guided by the concept of organisations as socio‐technical systems. Furthermore, we create a template using NVivo software to organise the emerging themes and clusters following the logic of communication levels. This template allows us to explain the phenomenon of DIC in a socio‐technical organisational system and discuss how the emerging themes are interrelated, people‐focused, and linked to competency development and trust‐building. As a contribution to theory, we offer a conceptual model which illustrates the dynamics of DIC as an interplay of socio‐technical elements on three communication levels. This conceptual model can be further developed in scholarly discussions on DIC and by organisations reflecting on their IC use in a digital workplace environment.

Expanding Nursing Faculty Development Through a Fitness Initiative

Background: Prioritizing fitness in the workplace can aid in promoting a more contemporary view of faculty development. As a result, a workplace fitness initiative was developed in a Southern college of nursing to address the physical activity of faculty and staff during work hours and to promote a more contemporary view of faculty development. Aim: This study examined perceptions of the fitness initiative and explored opportunities for improvement. Methods: Faculty and staff completed a survey about the fitness initiative including perceptions of workplace fitness, motivation to join, most enjoyable aspects of the fitness initiative, and opportunities for improvement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative responses were coded and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: One hundred percent of survey respondents (n = 35) believed in the importance of workplace fitness. Four themes were identified related to the perception of workplace fitness: workplace fitness can increase self-reported movement and productivity and support personal goals. Survey respondents also appreciated the comradery, connection, and team-building that the initiative created. However, time was a barrier to engagement. Conclusion: As nurses are urged to model health-promoting behaviors, a college fitness initiative should be considered for encouraging and normalizing workplace fitness and promoting a more contemporary view of faculty development that focuses on factors outside the traditional faculty role. Our fitness initiative demonstrated that such programs are feasible, well-accepted, promote fitness in physical or virtual workplaces, and help to build connection and comradery among faculty and staff.

Digital Workplace Transformation: Innovative Approach After Covid-19 Pandemic

Abstract COVID-19 had undoubtedly speeded up adoption of digital technologies. Most of the theoreticians agree that changes that happened in the pandemic period would not happen in the next several years or even decades. There is almost no business operation that has not been affected by the pandemic, from customer relation and sales to supply chain. It influenced different business sectors leaving permanent change and making a significant proportion of organizations working in at least hybrid mode: combining digital and traditional pre-pandemic ways of working. COVID-19 had significantly changed the workplace and way of working. Workplace has shifted to digital or at least hybrid and employees and companies have adopted new ways of working, including usage of digital technologies but also accepting more agile and flexible procedures and rules. The research community has followed this phenomenon and tried to provide best possible recommendation to it accordance to recognized research methods. The paper provides a systematic literature review of the most significant scientific and industry publication in the years after the pandemic start. It is based on Kitchenham methodology of the systematic review with selected publication from recognized bibliographic databases. First part provides general effects of the pandemic to digital transformation of businesses all over the globe, mostly connected to analysis of the employees’ workplace preference. The second part is focused on digital workplace transformation and presents key theoretical and professional findings in the post-pandemic workplace. This part is consisted of the preview of benefits of the digital workplace transformation, identification of critical success factors and the most significant challenges of the process.

The Digital Workplace: Navigating in a Jungle of Paradoxical Tensions

Digital technologies have become omnipresent in our professional and personal lives. While they provide numerous opportunities, they also cause tensions, many of which are paradoxical. They confront us with conflicting yet synergetic and interdependent alternatives that persist over time—such as benefiting from the increasing availability and access to information at the risk of information overload and technostress. Thus far, we know little about the specific paradoxes caused by digital technologies in the workplace and how managers perceive and cope with them. This article offers a comprehensive perspective on the multiplicity and interrelatedness of paradoxes in the digital white-collar workplace and suggests how managers can develop effective coping mechanisms for convergent change and transforming work practices in paradoxical environments.