Digital Instruments Research Articles

When you need them, they are not there: hedge capacities of cryptocurrencies disappear in downtrend markets

We provide empirical evidence supporting the economic reasoning behind the impossibility of diversification benefits and the hedge attributes of cryptocurrencies remaining in force during the downside trends observed in bearish financial markets. We employ a spillover connectedness model driven by time-varying parameter vector autoregressions on daily data covering January 2018 to November 2022 to analyze spillover transmissions between conventional and digital markets, focusing on the role of stablecoin issuances. We study the stock, bond, cryptocurrency, and stablecoin markets and find very high connectedness, which varies over time in response to up/down trends in financial markets. The results show that during financial turmoil, cryptocurrencies amplify downside risks rather than serve as diversifiers. In addition to risky assets from conventional financial markets, cryptocurrencies champion the transmission of spillovers to digital and conventional markets. In contrast, changes in stablecoin issuances produce few shocks because of their pegged prices, but they facilitate investors’ switch from volatile cryptos to more stable digital instruments; that is, we observe a phenomenon designated by us as the “flight-to-cryptosafety.” We draw insightful conclusions, provoking new thinking regarding portfolio hedge strategies that could potentially benefit investors when searching for less volatile investment performance.

Policy Instrument Preferences and Optimization Strategies: Based Text Analysis of Provincial-Level Education Digitalization Policy from China

In the context of world education digitalization, the Chinese government has formulated China’s education digitalization strategy. The education digitalization policy tools of provincial governments are an important factor affecting the effectiveness of education digitalization policies. In this study, a text quantification and content analysis is conducted on educational digital policy documents released by eight provinces of China during the 14th Five-Year Plan period in China. This is based on a two-dimensional analysis framework of “instruments-value” using instrument types and policy principles, and NVivo software. The research outcomes reveal the following: (1) The distribution of educational digital policy instrument types is uneven, with an excess of supply-side instruments and a noticeable shortage of demand-side instruments. (2) Different policy instruments exhibit varying degrees of preference in implementing policy principles. There is a stronger emphasis on technology application and balanced development, while the emphasis on service principles promoting diverse participation is relatively weaker. (3) The policy instruments that facilitate interaction between policymakers and educational entities require further strengthening. In light of these findings, local governments in China should strengthen the use of demand-side policy instruments to achieve comprehensiveness and sustainability in educational digitalization. Policymakers should pay more attention to the demands of educational entities to shift educational digitalization from being technology driven to being demand driven. Furthermore, policy instrument selection should adhere to the value of serving and supporting individuals and reinforce the concept of multi-participation in their development, ultimately improving the precision and coordination of policies, and achieving a harmonious integration of technological and value aspects of policy instruments.

A Fuzzy Gestural AI Approach for Expressive Interactivity in Multitouch Digital Musical Instruments Based on Laban Descriptors

Abstract One of the main research areas in the field of musical human–AI interactivity is how to incorporate expressiveness into interactive digital musical instruments (DMIs). In this study we analyzed gestures rooted in expressiveness by using AI techniques that can enhance the mapping stage of multitouch DMIs. This approach not only considers the geometric information of various gestures but also incorporates expressiveness, which is a crucial element of musicality. Our focus is specifically on multitouch DMIs, and we use expressive descriptors and a fuzzy logic model to mathematically analyze performers' finger movements. By incorporating commonly used features from the literature and adapting some of Rudolf Laban's descriptors—originally intended for full-body analysis—to finger-based multitouch systems, we aim to enrich the mapping process. To achieve this, we developed an AI algorithm based on a fuzzy control system that takes these descriptors as inputs and maps them to synthesis variables. This tool empowers DMI designers to define their own mapping rules based on expressive gestural descriptions, using musical metaphors in a simple and intuitive way. Through a user evaluation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in capturing and representing gestural expressiveness in the case of multitouch DMIs.

Digital Finance-Fintech and it’s Impact on Financial Inclusion in India

Financial inclusion stands as a critical driver of economic empowerment and social development, ensuring that individuals across diverse socio-economic strata have access to and can effectively utilize formal financial services. In the context of India, where millions have historically been excluded from traditional banking systems, the emergence of digital finance presents a promising avenue for bridging this gap and fostering greater financial inclusion. This research paper delves into the transformative role of digital finance in driving financial inclusion in India, with a particular focus on understanding its impact on key aspects of financial access and empowerment. Central to our exploration is the definition of financial inclusion as the ability to access and effectively utilize a spectrum of formal financial services. In this context, we examine how digital tools such as credit/debit cards, internet banking, mobile banking, and the Unified Payments Interface (UPI) can empower individuals, particularly those who have been previously excluded from traditional banking systems. By investigating the impact of these digital instruments across ten key aspects of financial inclusion, including convenience, success rate of transactions, affordability, security, user-friendliness, timeliness, customer care support, internet connectivity, and overall usability, we aim to discern their strengths and weaknesses in promoting financial inclusion. Through a systematic analysis of each dimension, we seek to uncover the transformative potential of digital finance in bridging the financial gap in India. Our research will contribute valuable insights into the effectiveness of digital finance initiatives in fostering financial inclusion, providing evidence-based recommendations for policymakers, financial institutions, and fintech companies seeking to create a more inclusive financial landscape for all segments of Indian society. This research is not merely theoretical but grounded in empirical evidence and real-world observations. By synthesizing findings from existing literature and complementing it with primary data analysis, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics shaping digital finance and financial inclusion in India. Our findings will be particularly relevant for policymakers, financial regulators, and industry stakeholders, informing strategic decision-making and shaping the future direction of digital finance initiatives in India.

Observable flow experience in Japanese children’s interactions with musical instrument digital interface instruments, violins, and bells

Despite the existing research on flow in music education, there remains a lack of researches in understanding children’s flow experiences in the context of playing musical instrument, electronic technological instruments, and other traditional instruments. This study investigates the observable flow experience among young children during their interactions with musical instrument digital interface instruments, violins, and bell-like instruments. The research employed a case study approach, with 20 children aged two to nine (11 females and nine males) participating in the study. In the study, we, as practitioner-researchers, offered workshops for children to experience a variety of traditional and non-traditional musical instruments. Throughout the study, researchers collected 89 video clips for analysis, using four cameras operated by four assistants who were trained to capture children’s flow in a musical context. These monthly sessions, each lasting an average of 60 min, began with the first session dedicated to capturing the very first encounter of children with various musical devices, instruments, and materials. Custodero’s Flow Indicators in Musical Activities captured children’s flow experiences during workshops. The findings included interpretations of the children’s flow experiences as they explored different devices, instruments, and materials, with a particular emphasis on accessibility and developmental considerations within the social context of children’s musical flow.

Vulnerability Index Assessment for Mapping Ground Movements Using the Microtremor Method as Geological Hazard Mitigation

Various geological disasters, such as landslides and ground movements, occur annually in Srimulyo Village, Malang District, with varying levels of damage. Ground movements can affect structures built above, causing sinking, cracking, and collapse. Research into landslides and ground movements triggered by vibrations is generally conducted using the microtremor method, which has proven effective. This study uses the microtremor method to map the soil condition that is potentially prone to movement or landslides based on the observed soil vulnerability index. Data was collected using a TDL 303s Digital Portable Seismograph instrument; the measurement points were established in the form of a grid distributed across the research area, with a recording duration of approximately 45 minutes at each point. The analysis technique utilizes the Horizontal Vertical Spectrum Ratio (HVSR) based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) principle. The study’s results found that the research location’s seismic vulnerability index varies between 6.5 and 16.5. Areas with high seismic vulnerability index values, specifically those with Kg>11.5, are scattered on the west, south, and southeast sides of the research location. Based on field observations, these areas are dominated by relatively thick sediment layers, leading to lower dominant frequency values and higher amplification values; consequently, the seismic vulnerability index in the southern region is also high. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-05-017 Full Text: PDF

Pengembangan Instrumen Asesmen Literasi Digital dalam Pembelajaran untuk Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

This study aims to develop a digital literacy instrument for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers that serves to measure the extent of teachers' digital literacy. This research involved 166 teacher respondents in MI in Bogor City. The research method used is the Plomp Model, also known as design research, which has stages such as preliminary research, prototyping phase, and assessment phase in the development process. The instrument developed in the form of a questionnaire that has been made is first validated by 2 expert validators (material and evaluation), after being declared valid by expert validators, the questionnaire is then carried out a limited test to calculate the level of validity and reliability of each question item. The questionnaire uses a Likert scale with 4 categories of answer choices (often, rarely, ever, never). The results of the study can be concluded that The question items that can be used as data collection tools on the digital literacy questionnaire instrument are 50 question items and are categorized as valid and can be used as a teacher digital literacy evaluation tool. Based on the validity calculation, it can be seen that 78% of the question items can be used as data collection tools with high and sufficient validity categories. While the other 22% can be used by making improvements first with low validity. Based on reliability criteria, the digital literacy questionnaire shows very high-reliability criteria (0.860) with a reliability level greater than 0.7.

Разработка и исследование подхода к обработке сигналов цифровых измерительных трансформаторов тока и напряжения

During the development of secondary systems of stations and substations, including relay protection, automation, control, electricity metering, etc., qualitative changes have recently occurred due to the introduction of digital technologies. The introduction of digital technologies is supported by innovative development programs such as “Digital Transformation 2030”. The introduction of digital technologies is associated with the use of digital data transmission channels according to uniform standards. Projects of “digital substations” are being actively implemented with the transmission of digital information at all levels, including the primary equipment, the transmission of information both from current and voltage measuring transformers, and from switching devices. Currently, digital instrument transformers are actively being developed and implemented, in which information about measured currents and voltages is presented in digital code. New approaches to measure primary currents and voltages, and transmit information pose new challenges, and open prospects for improving signal processing methods used for relay protection purposes. Thus, the relevant aim of the study is the development and research of approaches to digital processing of signals of digital instrument current and voltage transformers. To solve the problems posed within the framework of this study, analytical and numerical solution methods have been used. Numerical methods are applied using software products such as MathCAD and the Python programming language to generate signals and display them on graphs. To substantiate the reliability, verification of the results obtained by different methods is carried out. The authors have formulated an approach to digital processing of signals obtained using current sensors of a digital instrument transformer. The authors have studied the approach to determine synchronized current vector values by processing information received from primary current converters. The characteristics of the algorithm for obtaining a vector have been analyzed and the dependences of errors on the influence of distorting factors have been plotted. The proposed approach is a development of the existing approach to obtain a vector by getting information from current sensors operating on different physical principles. The results show the advantages of the proposed method. The proposed digital signal processing algorithm is more technically expensive since it contains at least two metrologically calibrated measuring channels instead of one. However, all other things being equal, it allows to increase the accuracy and speed of the digital processing algorithms taken as a prototype. The results obtained can be used to formulate algorithms for measuring relay protection devices.

Exploring the Effects of Additional Vibration on the Perceived Quality of an Electric Cello

Haptic feedback holds the potential to enhance the engagement and expressivity of future digital and electric musical instruments. This study investigates the impact of artificial vibration on the perceived quality of a silent electric cello. We developed a haptic cello prototype capable of rendering vibration signals of varying degree of congruence with the produced sound. Experienced cellists participated in an experiment comparing setups with and without vibrotactile feedback, rating them on preference, perceived power, liveliness, and feel. Results show nuanced effects, with added vibrations moderately enhancing feel and liveliness, and significantly increasing perceived power when using vibrations obtained from the pickup at the cello’s bridge. High uncertainty in our statistical model parameters underscores substantial individual differences in the participants responses, as commonly found in qualitative assessments, and highlights the importance of consistent feedback in the vibrotactile and auditory channels. Our findings contribute valuable insights to the intersection of haptics and music technology, paving the way for creating richer and more engaging experiences with future musical instruments.

An Instrument to Assess the Digital Competence of Nurse Educators.

The Educators and Educator Candidates' Competence in Digital Pedagogy instrument needed to be tested before using it in nursing education. This study describes the further testing of this instrument to measure nurse educators' digital competence. The study is reported according to the 7 steps of the MEASURE Approach. Psychometric testing was conducted with a sample of 111 Finnish nurse educators from 9 universities of applied sciences. The study was conducted during the years 2020 and 2023. The exploratory factor analysis results explained 56% of the variance with 3 factors, including 20 items. The factors were labeled to describe the nurse educators' digital competence: implementing appropriate independent and community learning, acting safely and responsibly, and guiding learning based on the evidence. Cronbach α and McDonald ω coefficients showed good reliability. The instrument can be used to assess digital competence and identify the development needs to facilitate educators' continuous professional development.

A general-purpose pointer meter reading detection method based on adaptive feature fusion and data augmentation

Pointer meters continue to serve as the primary monitoring instruments within substations. To solve the issue of poor model accuracy and low reading accuracy when reading multiple types of pointer meters, this paper proposes a universal cascaded convolutional neural network for accurate reading of various types of pointer instruments. The proposed detection method consists of two stages: instrument digital positioning and instrument pointer fitting. In the digital(figure of a number) positioning stage, an instrument data augmentation method for “large background and small target” is proposed to improve the model's sensitivity to digital position and reduce the interference of redundant background information to the model. In addition, an adaptive feature fusion pyramid structure is proposed for more effective feature fusion and enhanced fuzzy small target recognition. Compared with the baseline model, the method introduced in this study realizes a 0.47 % improvement in target detection accuracy. In our proposed dataset, the average recognition accuracy for the digital position location phase is 98.65 %,the average reading errors in square instruments, circular instruments, and instruments with uneven scales are 0.76 %, 0.73 %, and 0.67 % respectively. The proposed universal detection method in this paper achieves ultra-high precision and can be applied to reading pointer instruments of different types and scales. Compared with existing pointer meter reading methods, the proposed detection method showcases superior simplicity and effectiveness. Furthermore, it showcases a reduced measurement error, thereby bolstering its practical utility in industrial contexts.

Female entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems

PurposeThis study aims to delve into the lived experiences, challenges and visions of women entrepreneurs in Jordan, placing a magnifying glass on those spearheading or co-pioneering start-ups. It aims to understand the myriad factors that influence their entrepreneurial journey, from motivation to the future of their niche.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a qualitative lens, this study is anchored in semi-structured interviews encompassing 20 Jordanian women entrepreneurs. Following this, thematic analysis was deployed to dissect and categorize the garnered insights into ten salient themes.FindingsThe study reveals that personal experiences and challenges are pivotal in directing these women towards niche markets, aligning with the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Tools such as digital instruments, customer feedback and innovative strategies like storytelling and augmented reality are integral to their entrepreneurial success, resonating with the resource-based view (RBV). Additionally, challenges like cultural barriers and infrastructural limitations are navigated through adaptive strategies, reflecting the resilience inherent in these entrepreneurs. Networking, mentorship, embracing technological advancements and implementing sustainable practices are highlighted as crucial elements underpinned by the social identity theory (SIT).Originality/valueContrary to the extant body of research, this study provides new insights into the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Jordan, highlighting the practical relevance of theories like TPB, RBV and SIT for both policymakers and the start-up community in niche markets.

Analisis Pola Musik Karawitan di Tengah Era Digital

Traditional arts, especially musical music, are facing challenges in the digital era and the influence of foreign cultures. Efforts continue to be made to combine technology with traditional arts. The method adopted in this research is library research, which involves collecting data and information in depth through various references such as books, magazines, other references, and research results. This research explains the adaptation of Karawitan music patterns to modern technology and its impact on the interests of the younger generation. Use of digital musical instruments to create innovative compositions that combine traditional elements with contemporary elements. The role of the community in supporting the preservation of Karawitan art is also emphasized, with active participation in traditional music events and efforts to promote the culture to others. In conclusion, this article emphasizes the complexity of the relationship between tradition and innovation in the context of Karawitan music in the era of modern technology.

INNOVATIVE PARTICIPATORY DESIGN METHOD USING SOCIAL MEDIA AND ONLINE PLATFORMS

The study examines the effects of social media (SM), online platforms (OP) and digital instruments (DI) on participants' communication and the structure of the participatory design processes (PDPs). It addresses a gap in the literature by exploring the potential of these SM and OP to enhance stakeholders' involvement in PDPs. Through a case study of a participatory children's furniture design project involving diverse stakeholders, including children, parents, scholars, specialists, industry, university and the community, the study investigates how SM, OP and DI facilitate enriched and expedited communication in PDPs. The paper discusses these tools' challenges and opportunities within a conceptual framework. A mixed methodology approach is employed for data collection, incorporating observations, surveys, interviews and various participatory activities. By examining the findings, the study seeks to answer two key research questions: How do SM and OP influence communication patterns in PDPs? What is the impact of these DI on the structure and dynamics of the PDPs? The study proposes an innovative approach to overcome associated challenges. The positive effects of SM, OP and DI can significantly reshape the nature of participation in PDPs, such as the number of participants, the duration of the process and budget limitations.

Sentiment analysis of tweet content on Hurricane Dorian: Sensemaking in digital journalistic inquiry ecology

Twitter is a powerful digital journalistic instrument and evidence shows journalists were transferring authority to Twitter. With journalistic information ecology becoming imbalanced, it is valuable to research how journalists may use Twitter to discover accurate and reliable information and maintain a vast overview of news events without shifting the power as the fourth estate. The purpose of this study is to provide a possible digital journalistic inquiry model to identify trending topics, distinguish reliable journalistic information while maintaining the balance of journalistic information ecology. Utilizing a large-scale dataset – 1.2 million tweets collected from Twitter API – this study executed cutting-edge network analysis and sentiment analysis to fill in the knowledge gap through a case study on Hurricane Dorian. The study found that the impact of traditional opinion leaders on information diffusion is declining. On the contrary, top in-degree centrality users play more important roles in information diffusion on Twitter. Moreover, tweets with negative polarity opinions were retweeted more. In addition, non-opinion leaders’ negatively polarized tweets were retweeted more than positively polarized ones, although it is not the same case with opinion leaders. With the change of journalistic ecology, identifying top in-degree centrality users and examining their tweets will provide useful resources for journalists to identify keywords, trending themes and predict how likely a topic may interest audience based on degree of polarity and number of retweets on Twitter. The results provide useful patterns for journalists to follow in sensemaking tasks in digital journalistic inquiry.

Pengaruh Kreativitas Ilustrator Pada Akun Instagram @qomikin Terhadap Minat Berdakwah Mahasiswa Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor Angkatan Tahun 2019

Illustration creativity has a very important role in conveying da'wah messages. The person who preaches must have an interest in illustrating so that in the future his preaching can be accepted, interesting, more effective and efficient. The aim of this research is to find out how the creativity of the illustrator on the @qomikin Instagram account influences the interest in preaching of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting students at Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, class of 2019. Data was collected using a digital Google Form questionnaire instrument totaling 30 statements which were declared valid. based on the results of the validity test with the smallest r value of 0.300 > 0.207 (r table). Based on the results of the reliability test, it is known that the Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.945 > 0.6 is declared reliable. The results of the normality test using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test obtained a significance value of 0.200 > 0.05 so it can be said that the residual values ​​of variables X and Y are normally distributed. In the homogeneity test, results were obtained with a Sig value. 0.827 is greater than 0.05, then the variance of the population is the same or homogeneous. The results of the simple linear regression test in the Output Coefficients table above, in the Sig column. obtained a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, so it can be said that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is an influence of the creativity of the illustrator on the @qomikin Instagram account on the interest in preaching of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting students at Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, Class of 2019. So it can be concluded that The creativity of the illustrator on the Instagram account @qomikin has an influence on the interest in preaching of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting students at Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, Class of 2019.

Development of DC Motor Speed Control Using PID Based on Arduino and Matlab For Laboratory Trainer

DC motors are widely used as propulsions, including in electric bicycles. The problem faced by students in the DC motor control laboratory working using software simulation is that they do not have practical learning experience using digital instruments. This article aims to develop a DC motor speed control that can be used to learn practical Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control in the laboratory. The DC motor speed control was developed using a combination of Arduino UNO microcontroller and Matlab software. The PID method was used because it is still broadly studied and applied in industries. The test results showed that the developed trainer can work well with PID variable values that can be entered via the keypad, and DC motor transient responses can be displayed in Matlab. From the experimental results, it was found that the optimal PID variable values were Kp=0.04, Ki=0.05, and Kd=0.004, where the controller produced a low overshoot value, i.e., 0.73% of its set point and a settling time of 10.66 seconds. The test results of using the developed trainer in the Fundamental of Control Engineering laboratory work showed that the developed trainer gave students practical learning experience in designing PID control for DC motor speed by using digital equipment, i.e., microcontroller and actual DC motor as well as analyzing its corresponding transient response in Matlab software environment

Eye-tracking digital music creation and performance: disability and ableism

ABSTRACT This paper focuses on the developmental process of eye trackers as accessible digital musical instruments (ADMIs) by outlining collaborative research that develops digital art and music creation and performance tools. These tools require eye movements only and are of interest to individuals with all types of mobility and particularly provide music-making options to users with limited mobility. Research grade and gaming eye-tracking technology is adapted with custom software to enable music creation and performance using eye movements only. The relationship of ableism to disability and the role of digital technology to counter the negative social forces of ableism are considered. Because eye-tracking art and music creation tools are rare outside research lab contexts, all users with the ability to move one eye – regardless of other physical ability – have pre-existing capability, which makes this work especially exciting in a disability context.

The impact of digital financial literacy on financial behavior: customers’ perspective

Purpose This study aims to examine the nexus between digital financial literacy and customers’ perceived financial behavior within the Kuwaiti context. Moreover, it will further explore how digital financial literacy relates to financial behavior dimensions. Design/methodology/approach Data collection was facilitated by creating a questionnaire derived from multiple literature sources. This study used a cross-sectional, time-based dimension. Data was analyzed using the partial least square (PLS) structural equation modeling approach, using the Smart-PLS 4 software for computation. Findings Findings demonstrated a significant relationship between digital financial literacy and financial behavior, with a path coefficient of 0.542, a p-value of 0.000 and an R2 value of 0.581. The explorative model revealed substantial relationships between many dimensions of digital financial literacy and various dimensions of financial behavior. More precisely, financial knowledge, awareness and decision-making were the factors that had the most significant impact on financial behavior. Practical implications Kuwaiti policymakers should consider including digital financial literacy programs in comprehensive financial education programs to improve public understanding of digital financial instruments and their consequences. Originality/value As the authors know, this is the initial endeavor to evaluate the relationship between digital financial literacy, financial behavior and their respective dimensions.

A low voltage microgrid protection scheme using digital instrument transformers

AbstractModern power systems have several measurement devices for reliable, safe, and improved operation and control. Due to the high infiltration of inverter‐based resources, protecting modern power systems has become challenging. This paper proposes a new protection scheme based on the computation of ‘discrepant impedance’ using real‐time protocol services for data exchange. The sampled values of voltages and currents are transmitted to a central processing unit to implement the protection scheme. With the development of digital instrument transformers (IEC 61869‐9), the current and voltage samples are directly interfaced wired or wirelessly to the IEC 61850‐9‐2 process bus. The proposed protection scheme is validated with grid forming and grid following inverters on Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) microgrid network using a real‐time digital simulator. The protection scheme is independent of the type of energy sources and their control philosophy, operation modes and topology of the microgrid network.