Digital Compass Research Articles

Discovering innovation opportunities based on SECI model: reconfiguring knowledge dynamics of the agricultural artisan production of agave-mezcal, using emerging technologies

Purpose Following the recommendation of the food and agriculture organization of the United Nations in agricultural innovation, for taking advantage of emerging technologies, in benefit of small-farmers, the present study explores one of the most ancient crops in the world that privileging the application of tacit knowledge, to become a succulent plant called agave, into the so-called drink of the gods, the mezcal. For this, the purpose of this study is to discover innovation opportunities and reconfiguring knowledge interaction dynamics of the agricultural artisan production of agave-mezcal from Oaxaca, Mexico, using emerging technologies Design/methodology/approach Following a qualitative-quantitative approach, the study was carried out with 44 mezcal producers from Oaxaca, Mexico, through face-to-face session, questionaries’ application and field visits, based on the model of socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI) through Likert-scale questions, combining the non-parametric statistical analysis and digital compass, for the detection of technological opportunities Findings Basing on artisanal process, context-knowledge place, technological resources and SECIs model results, the opportunities must go in the route of labour in the logic of digital performance. In this sense, becomes relevant to develop an easy-use mobile application for improving the interaction of mezcaleros with external agents and another’s producers., A second proposal is the creation of mezcal-tech-hub, thinking as collaborative space, for promoting the interaction producer-to-producer and producer-to-external agent. Originality/value The value of the present study is the empirical description of knowledge dynamics interaction contained in the agricultural artisan production of agave-mezcal through SECI model; the identification of problems, failure or barriers contained in the knowledge interaction dynamics of the agricultural artisan production agave-mezcal; the proposal of innovation opportunities for reconfiguring the knowledge interaction dynamics of the agricultural artisan production agave-mezcal from a developing economy, using emerging technologies.

옥외용 이동로봇의 분산점 칼만 필터 기반 3차원 위치 인식

This paper proposes a practical method, for evaluating 3-D positioning of outdoor mobile robots using the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The UKF method does not require the linearization process unlike conventional EKF localization, so it can minimize effects of errors caused by linearization of non-linear models for position estimation. Also, this method does not require Jacobian calculations difficult to calculate in the actual implementation. The 3-D position of the robot is predicted using an encoder and tilt sensor, and the optimal position is estimated by fusing these predicted positions with the GPS and digital compass information. Experimental results revealed the proposed method is stable for localization of the 3D position regardless of initial error size, and observation period.

Simplified KF-based energy-efficient vehicle positioning for smartphones

Recently, smart mobile devices, such as smartphone and tablet PC, have become so prevalent. Most of them are equipped with a set of sensors including a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, a digital magnetic compass, a gyroscope, and an ac-celerometer. Unlike traditional vehicle-fixed sensors, smartphone-embedded sensors can be utilized as a user-friendly and portable measurement probe for vehicle positioning systems, owing to their flexibility and mobility. However, GPS modules and inertial navigation system (INS) sensors, such as an accelerometer and a gyroscope, on smartphones consume a lot of battery power. Continued use of the battery for a long time may cause the battery to discharge immediately. Therefore, one of the main concerns for smartphone-based GPS/INS positioning algorithms is energy efficiency. Furthermore, low-cost INS sensors on smartphones may result in large localization errors due to sensor drift and bias. Unlike smartphone-based GPS/INS positioning algorithms, we use only the GPS receiver and digital compass without INS sensors. This makes it possible to offer more accurate positioning results and to save more energy. However, GPS receivers and digital compasses on smart-phones may continue to experience positional errors due to multi-path fading and disturbances in GPS signals and magnetic sources. Therefore, we propose an enhanced vehicle positioning method that provides more reliable localization results by fusing measurements from GPS receiver and digital compass based on a Bayesian filter, called a simplified Kalman filter (SKF). Compared to existing Bayes filters, such as Kalman filter (KF), unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and particle filter (PF), while the SKF is simple and intuitive to be implemented, it can achieve competitive positioning accuracy with less computational cost. Experimental results through various road configurations using the smartphone and test vehicle in real environments show that the SKF-based vehicle localization scheme can achieve about 92% higher energy-efficiency and about 31 % higher positioning accuracy than GPS/INS localization methods based on the KF, UKF, and PF.

POTENSI SIMPANAN KARBON RANTING-DAUN KAYU PUTIH DI KPH YOGYAKARTA

ABSTRAKHutan tanaman kayu putih dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan ekonomi dan jasa lingkungan. Namun kajian tentang peran tanaman kayu putih dalam menghasilkan jasa lingkungan berupa penyimpanan karbon belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi simpanan karbon pada ranting-daun kayu putih yang siap pangkas. Alat yang digunakan adalah timbangan digital, kompas, dan parang. Bahan penelitian adalah tegakan kayu putih yang berumur 23-43 di KPH Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petak 31 KPH Yogyakarta didominasi oleh tegakan kayu putih berumur 23 tahun (52%) dengan potensi simpanan karbon pada ranting-daun kayu putih sebesar 545,6 gr/pohon. Tegakan kayu putih yang memiliki produktivitas terbesar adalah tegakan umur 33 tahun dimana simpanan karbonnya sebesar 807,7 gr/pohon dengan kerapatan tegakan 2.325 pohon/ha. Total simpanan karbon pada ranting-daun kayu putih untuk tegakan berumur 23, 27, 31, 33, 40, 41, dan 43 tahun secara berturut-turut adalah 36,50 ton, 1,58 ton, 10,70 ton, 2,83 ton, 3,61 ton, dan 5,90 ton. Dengan demikian, potensi total simpanan karbon pada ranting-daun kayu putih di petak 31 mencapai 65,04 ton.Kata kunci: hasil hutan bukan kayu, biomasa, jasa lingkungan, karbon, kayu putihABSTRACTCajuput plantation can be utilized for economic and environmental services purposes. However, studies on the role of cajuput plants to produce environmental services, especially as carbon storage have not been carried out. This study aim is determining the potential of carbon storage in leave-twigs of cajuput that are ready to be harvested. The research equipment are digital scales, compass, and knife. The research material is cajuput stand at 23-43 years at KPH Yogyakarta. The results showed that at compartment 31 of KPH Yogyakarta were dominated by stand on age 23 years (52%) which the carbon storage was 545,6 gr/tree. Cajuput stand that produces the higher carbon storage was the stand in which the age is 33 years. The carbon storage at age 23 years is 807,7 gr/tree and the stand density is 2.325 trees/ha. The total leave-twigs’ carbon storage at age of 23, 27, 31, 33, 40, 41, 43 were 36,5 tons, 1,58 tons, 10,70 tons, 2,83 tons, 3,61 tons, and 5,90 tons respectively. Thus, the potential of total carbon storage in cajuput’s leave-twigs at compartment 31 is 65,04 tons.Keywords: non-timber forest products, biomass, environmental services, carbon, cajuput

Smartphone based human activity monitoring and recognition using ML and DL: a comprehensive survey

Human activity monitoring and recognition (HAMR) based on smartphone sensor data is a field that promotes a lot of observation in current era due to its notable desire in various Ambient Intelligent applications such as healthcare, sports, surveillance, and remote health monitoring. In this context, many research works have unveiled incredible results using various smartphone sensors such as accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer, digital compass, microphone, GPS and camera. The waveform of sensor motion is quite different in several smartphone placements even for the identical activity. This makes it challenging to apprehend varied completely different activities with high precision. Due to the difference in behavioral habits, gender and age, the movement patterns of various individuals vary greatly, which boosts the problem of dividing boundaries of various activities. In HAMR, the main computational tasks are quantitative analysis of human motion and its automatic classification. These cause the inception of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques to automatically recognize various human activity signals collected using smartphone sensors. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of smartphone sensor based human activity monitoring and recognition using various ML and DL techniques to address the above mentioned challenges. This study unveils the “research gaps in the field of HAMR, to provide the future research directions in HAMR.

Development Status of Digital Detection Technology for Unfavorable Geological Structures in Deep Tunnels

The geological conditions of long tunnels are complex and changeable. Potential structural planes or unfavorable geological structures are random and unpredictable. Sudden geological disasters can easily cause delays in construction periods, economic losses, and even serious casualties. Tunnel monitoring measurement and advanced geological forecast research have always been two major guarantees for safe tunnel construction. However, the current research lacks a clear explanation of the classification of rock mass structural surfaces and the hazard-causing mechanism. Many recent instabilities of surrounding rock structures and The block loss accident has made it a hot issue for research. First, combining the past work of the team, the structural surfaces in the rock mass are mainly divided into two types: exposed and hidden structural surfaces, and different detection methods are summarized for their different occurrence states. Among them, digital compass contact measurement, near Range photogrammetry and laser scanning have become the three major means to support the development of the geological survey of the tunnel structural surface. Secondly, it systematically summarizes the comprehensive detection methods of bad geological structures in the rock mass structure, and introduces the specific application of geophysical technology in tunnel engineering. Finally, the development trends of the above two rock mass structure detection technologies are discussed. Based on the two parts of rock mass structural surface and unfavorable geological structure, it systematically expounds the development status of the existing typical disaster-causing structure detection technology, which can provide important references for researchers in this field, especially field engineers.

A New Method of Improving the Azimuth in Mountainous Terrain by Skyline Matching

Augmented reality (AR) applications have a serious problem with the accuracy of the azimuth angle provided by mobile devices. The fusion of the digital magnetic compass (DMC), accelerometer and gyroscope gives the translation and rotation of the observer in 3D space. However, the precision is not always appropriate since DMC is prone to interference when using it near metal objects or electric currents. The silhouette of ridges separates the sky from the terrain and forms the skyline or horizon line in a mountainous scenery. This salient feature can be used for orientation. With the camera of the device and a digital elevation model (DEM) the correct azimuth angle could be determined. This study proposes an effective method to adjust the azimuth by identifying the skyline from an image and matches it with the skyline of the DEM. This approach does not require manual interaction. The algorithm has also been validated in a real-world environment.

Assessing Error in Locations of Conspicuous Wildlife Using Handheld GPS Units and Location Offset Methods

ABSTRACTCollecting spatially explicit locations of individual animals often is an important part of the study of habitat use. Obtaining accurate locations without disturbing an individual can be difficult for small species and may be limited for species of conservation concern, such as piping plover (Charadrius melodus), where a close approach is undesirable because of the potential for disturbance. To reduce disturbance while estimating an animal's location, an observer can collect their location using Global Positioning System (GPS) and offset that position using a distance and azimuth. Typically, error is not considered when these locations are determined, despite the potential effects of inaccuracy on habitat association results. Therefore, our objectives were to quantify potential error using the offset method and then evaluate how that error may manifest. During the plover breeding season in 2017 (Apr through Sep), we tested the error of Trimble GPS units compared with benchmark locations to assess the accuracy of locations derived from these units. We then assessed the error associated with offset locations of a small target using Trimble GPS units, laser rangefinders, and 2 compass types. Finally, we determined the potential consequence of unaccounted error in our system by comparing the difference between point locations and land‐cover data using our estimated error as a point buffer. Average error of the GPS units at benchmark locations was 0.95 m. The mean error of the offset locations increased with increasing observer distance from the decoy location (from = 2.9 m to 7.6 m at distances of 20 m and 100 m, respectively). Error also increased with increasing error in the distance and azimuth measurements, and was greater using a digital GPS compass as compared with a handheld magnetic compass corrected for magnetic declination. In addition, potential misclassification of land‐cover type increased with increasing potential location error. When modeling animal locations, the error of point locations using this method, especially for land‐cover at the point location, should be accounted for using appropriately sized position buffers. Using this location collection method, we can increase our knowledge and study of conspicuous species to ensure that we consider habitats used throughout the species' life stages. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.

Development of Digital Compass Based on AVR Microcontroller and MEMS Accelerometer- Magnetometer Module LSM303DLHC

In the paper, the digital compass based on AVR microcontroller has been developed using MEMS accelerometer-magnetometer LSM303DLHC. The structure and hardware of the digital compass have been developed. The calibration algorithms of the accelerometer and magnetometer of the LSM303DLHC module have been described. The calculation algorithm of the pitch and roll angles has been described. The heading calculation algorithm of the digital compass without tilt compensation and with tilt compensation has been described. The operation algorithm and embedded software of the digital compass have been developed. The model and prototype of the digital compass have been created. The simulation and operation test of the developed digital compass have been performed.

Designing the maritime digital compass repeater hardware and its controlling algorithm

Designing the maritime digital compass repeater hardware and its controlling algorithm

Evaluation of physico-chemical properties, time of hardening and draining of an endodontic sealer added to mta in different proportions

Objetivo: o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o tempo e o fluxo de endurecimento do cimento AH-PLUS e MTA nas proporções de 10%, 20% e 30%, a fim de adicionar a capacidade de estimular a deposição de tecido duro. Material e Métodos: Para o teste de fluxo, 0,5 ml de cimento foram depositados em uma placa de vidro e outra placa foi adicionada com uma carga adicional, após 10 minutos a carga foi removida e o diâmetro do círculo formado pelo cimento foi medido com um Bússola digital. Para o tempo de endurecimento, foram utilizados moldes cilíndricos preenchidos com o cimento testado, mantidos dentro de um forno e os testes de agulha de Gillmore foram realizados no material em intervalos de 60 segundos até que as marcas não fossem visíveis na superfície do cimento testado. Resultados: Na vazão, os valores obtidos foram: 41,1 mm (10% MTA), 32,86 mm (20% MTA), 21,91 mm (30% MTA), 24,41 mm AHPlus® e 26,47 mm MTA Fillapex®. O tempo de endurecimento encontrado nesta pesquisa foi de 1631 'em proporção (10% MTA), 628,4 em proporção (20% MTA), 567' em proporção (30% MTA), 767 em AH Plus e Fillapex MTA não. presou dentro de 6 semanas. Conclusão: concluiu-se que a adição de 10%, 20% e 30% de MTA ao AH Plus não alterou as propriedades do fluxo e o tempo estabelecido.

Development of guide stick navigation for blind person using digital compass and global positioning system

The limited use of navigation technology poses a risk to blind person becoming lost, while in a foreign place and causing them to rarely travel. The purpose of this study is to design guiding sticks for blind person by tracking and homing. The position of coordinates and wind direction is processed into information on sound signals and vibrations. The method used in this research is GPS bearing and inverse angle, using compass and ultrasonic sensors. Afterwards, the data output in this system is directional information in the form of sound, besides information in the form of an obstacle when in front of the sensor. The test results prove that the GPS bearing method can produce a more stable direction. However, GPS accuracy can decrease when it is blocked by trees and buildings. While the inverse angle method, GPS data is stored on the data logger, which does not require GPS accuracy when determining direction. The angle of the direction is more accurate if the average angle when tracking is not too wide.

Digital Magnetic Compass Integration with Stationary, Land-Based Electro-Optical Multi-Sensor Surveillance System.

Multi-sensor imaging systems using the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and digital magnetic compass (DMC) for geo-referencing have an important role and wide application in long-range surveillance systems. To achieve the required system heading accuracy, the specific magnetic compass calibration and compensation procedures, which highly depend on the application conditions, should be applied. The DMC compensation technique suitable for the operation environment is described and different technical solutions are studied. The application of the swinging procedure was shown as a good solution for DMC compensation in a given application. The selected DMC was built into a system to be experimentally evaluated, both under laboratory and field conditions. The implementation of the compensation procedure and magnetic sensor integration in systems is described. The heading accuracy measurement results show that DMC could be successfully integrated and used in long-range surveillance systems providing required geo-referencing data.

Research on Key Technologies of Intelligent Seeding Robot Based on Zigbee Network

Aimed at the problems of slow seeding speed, inaccurate path tracking and low efficiency of domestic intelligent seeding robot. An intelligent seeding robot based on Zigbee network is proposed. Wireless sensor and Zigbee network technology are combined to obtain real-time environmental data in the working area and transmit it to the robot for seeding operation. The incremental PID control method corrected by digital compass is adopted to control the robot to walk in a straight line and the ant colony algorithm is adopted to realize the path planning of the intelligent seeding robot. It solves the problem of seeding robot effectively and makes intelligent seeding robot widely used.

Development Status of Digital Detection Technology for Unfavorable Geological Structure of Submarine Tunnel

Gao, X.-C.; Ba, X.-Z.; Cui, E.-Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, T.-T.; Sun, S.-Q., and Hou, W., 2019. Development status of digital detection technology for unfavorable geological structure of submarine tunnel. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 306–310. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The detection of unfavorable geological structures in tunnels is a major theoretical and technical problem in the tunnel construction process. There are many kinds of geological disaster sources for submarine tunnels, and there is currently no effective technology and method to detect them. This paper summarizes the, status of research on disaster source prevention and control based on the advanced geological prediction for submarine tunnels and laser-point cloud imaging technology from two aspects - the exposed structural plane and the internal rock mass structure. In the investigation on submarine tunnel structural planes, digital compass contact measurement, close-range photogrammetry and laser scanning have become important means to support the development of geological surveys on submarine tunnel structural planes, and a three-dimensional rock mass structure information integration analysis method has also been initially formed based on structural plane network simulation. In the detection and control of submarine tunnel structures, an effective submarine tunnel disaster source detection and control system has been formed. Combined with the research work of the team, this paper systematically expounds the development status of the digital detection technology for unfavorable geological structures in the existing tunnels, and the research results can provide some references for the research in this field.

Qibla Direction Correction Test using a Digital Compass and Arduino Microcontroller

Qibla is an Arabic word that refers to the direction in which a Muslim establishes prayer. In this study, we made a Qibla-based digital compass and Arduino microprocessor construction. The spherical trigonometry method is used to find out the direction of the Qibla by getting cross lines and longitude. While the direction of the qibla is obtained with the help of a digital compass. The testing of this tool was carried out at the mosque in Indonesia. The results showed that the direction of the Qibla for the Nur Asmaul Husna Mosque (Banten Province) is located at 295.2077026o with a correction of -0.06o . Gedhe Kauman Mosque is (Yogyakarta City) located at 294.7148437owith a correction of -0.35o and the Jami Nurul Muminin mosque is located at 294.0274353o with a correction of -9.74o . A small correction value indicates the accuracy of the Qibla direction

옥외용 이동로봇의 확장 칼만 필터 기반 3차원 위치평가 방법

This paper proposes a 3D localization method for an outdoor mobile robot. This method assesses the 3D position including the altitude information, which is impossible in the existing 2D localization method. In this method, the 3D position of the robot is predicted using an encoder and an inclination sensor. The predicted position is fused with the position information obtained from the DGPS and the digital compass using extended kalman filter to evaluate the 3D position of the robot. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can effectively evaluate the 3D position of the robot in a sloping environment. Moreover, this method was found to be more effective than the conventional 2D localization method even in the evaluation of the plane position where altitude information is unnecessary.

A Pseudo-likelihood Approach for Geo-localization of Events from Crowd-sourced Sensor-Metadata

Events such as live concerts, protest marches, and exhibitions are often video recorded by many people at the same time, typically using smartphone devices. In this work, we address the problem of geo-localizing such events from crowd-generated data. Traditional approaches for solving such a problem using multiple video sequences of the event would require highly complex computer vision (CV) methods, which are computation intensive and are not robust under the environment where visual data are collected through crowd-sourced medium. In the present work, we approach the problem in a probabilistic framework using only the sensor metadata obtained from smartphones. We model the event location and camera locations and orientations (camera parameters) as the hidden states in a Hidden Markov Model. The sensor metadata from GPS and the digital compass from user smartphones are used as the observations associated with the hidden states of the model. We have used a suitable potential function to capture the complex interaction between the hidden states (i.e., event location and camera parameters). The non-Gaussian densities involved in the model, such as the potential function involving hidden states, make the maximum-likelihood estimation intractable. We propose a pseudo-likelihood-based approach to maximize the approximate-likelihood, which provides a tractable solution to the problem. The experimental results on the simulated as well as real data show correct event geo-localization using the proposed method. When compared with several baselines the proposed method shows a superior performance. The overall computation time required is much smaller, since only the sensor metadata are used instead of visual data.

Geography education by the combination use of GIS and AR – Practices in National Institution of Technology, Toyama College

Abstract. AR technology on the landscape is useful for people to identify the places with air tags. There are many people who cannot match landscapes and maps. For Map reading skill building, AR supports for people to match the landscape and maps. This paper tried to measure the effectiveness of AR technology to map reading skill building in high school geography education.In Japan, Geography will be compulsory subject from high school from 2022. The compulsory Geography as school subject has three themes, 1 Maps and GIS, 2 International understandings and International Corporation, 3 Disaster prevention and ESD. Maps and GIS are fundamental skills for learning geography. Map reading is very important and there are several researches of the geography classes with paper maps, especially topographical maps (Ito, 2005). GIS education is also important for students to understand how to use the maps (Tani etal., 2002). In Japan, there are few high schools and teachers to use GIS on geography class. With curriculum reformation, every student will have to learn GIS, and teachers will have to teach GIS in the geography class, too. It is big problem.Students learn topographical map reading technique on geography class as indoor activity. There are few activities to match the real landscape and topographical map. This skill is important for student to understand the map function and meaning of landscape. Fieldwork education is not popular among schools. Teachers have poor skills to do it. AR could build up the lessons to combine GIS, map and fieldwork education. It is not easy to match the topographical map and landscape. AR technology supports for students to do the tasks. The aim of this paper to check the effectiveness of AR support for map readings. We did three periods geography experimental classes in National Institution of Technology, Toyama College 1st grade. 1st period class content was physical geography especially on coastal geomorphology. 2nd period was understanding the lagoon with topographical map (Fig. 1). 3rd period was topographical map and landscape with AR.In the 3rd period practice, they used tablet and smartphone to identify the landscape. They watched the landscape with air tags (Fig.2), and they tried to match the landscape and map (Fig.3). Students checked the worksheet and maps on the activities (Fig.4).Students understood how to match the landscape and maps with AR air tags. It is adequate tasks for students to understand how to match between landscape and maps. They did these tasks in this class and they became to do it with no difficulties.There were several technological problems. Digital compass is not accurate when the tablets were started. We should adjust the compass before the class. Next problem is air tags. If the tags are on same direction, the tags are overlapped. There problems are easy to get over. With this trial class, topographical maps and landscape education with GIS with AR is effective for students. Maps education with Geographical Information technology has important role for next generation. We should make textbook for teachers to do this method.

IPS Governance Framework: Current Practices in Specification Use and Updates.

The eStandards methodology stressed the importance of trust and flow for health data as a key characteristic of well-functioning health systems. A digital health compass, leveraging perspectives of health systems, digital health markets, citizens, and workforce, drives a process of co-creation, governance and alignment in eStandards. A repository of best practices and common components further advances interoperability, as new projects add their experience. This paper proposes a governance framework for requirements management, intelligence gathering, specification use, and updates to promote sustainable governance for International Patient Summaries. It is based on interviews of 14 patient summary projects and initiatives in Europe and the United States.