Development Status of Digital Detection Technology for Unfavorable Geological Structures in Deep Tunnels

Abstract

The geological conditions of long tunnels are complex and changeable. Potential structural planes or unfavorable geological structures are random and unpredictable. Sudden geological disasters can easily cause delays in construction periods, economic losses, and even serious casualties. Tunnel monitoring measurement and advanced geological forecast research have always been two major guarantees for safe tunnel construction. However, the current research lacks a clear explanation of the classification of rock mass structural surfaces and the hazard-causing mechanism. Many recent instabilities of surrounding rock structures and The block loss accident has made it a hot issue for research. First, combining the past work of the team, the structural surfaces in the rock mass are mainly divided into two types: exposed and hidden structural surfaces, and different detection methods are summarized for their different occurrence states. Among them, digital compass contact measurement, near Range photogrammetry and laser scanning have become the three major means to support the development of the geological survey of the tunnel structural surface. Secondly, it systematically summarizes the comprehensive detection methods of bad geological structures in the rock mass structure, and introduces the specific application of geophysical technology in tunnel engineering. Finally, the development trends of the above two rock mass structure detection technologies are discussed. Based on the two parts of rock mass structural surface and unfavorable geological structure, it systematically expounds the development status of the existing typical disaster-causing structure detection technology, which can provide important references for researchers in this field, especially field engineers.