Difficulty Understanding Research Articles

The influence of using Learning Videos for High School Mathematics Curriculum Subjects with Flipped Classroom Models on Learning Achievement in the UIN Walisongo Semarang

During the current pandemic, students are having difficulty understanding mathematical material; normally, they are taught by lecturers face-to-face, but now online. The obstacle that students face is that they believe that learning is not optimal because the signal is often poor and inconsistent, and they are unable to meet with the lecturer. To alleviate this issue, it is required to create a video of learning material that will be supplied by a mathematics lecturer by the lecturer who teaches, the video is published on YouTube, and the youtube link is given to students to study beforehand for the forthcoming meeting. This is consistent with the flipped classroom concept, in which students are expected to first understand the lecturer's video before being discussed directly by the lecturer.It is expected that students are able to think creatively about video content created by their professors, and students are able to examine material flaws that they have not understood and then clarified by their lecturers at the next meeting. In research on the development of instructional video media for high school mathematics curricular with the ADDIE stage model. This model, as the name suggests, consists of five main phases or stages, namely (A) analysis, (D) design, (D) development, (I) implementation, and (E) evaluation. The Implementation and Evaluation stage was carried out in the second year, with expanded tests carried out at UIN Walisongo Semarang in a fun and enjoyable manner, with posttests and user response questionnaires given with the following results: Based on research at UIN Walisongo, posttest results were processed using tests t results obtained are 0% <5%, then H0 is rejected. This means that we accept H1, which means that the results of learning mathematics using video learning media for high school mathematics curriculars are better than conventional learning models. Looking at the average learning achievement in the mean column, Group Statistics table, the experimental class average is 86.00, while the average -the average control class is 64.74. These results show that the learning outcomes of the experimental class are better than the control class. R Square value of 0.804 = 80.4%. This value means that the influence of virtual lab media on learning achievement is 80.4%, while 19.6% of learning achievement is influenced by other variables outside of the independent variables in this research.

Hybrid model for speech emotion recognition of normal and autistic children (SERNAC)

Since the last decade, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been used as a general term to describe a wide range of conditions, including autistic syndrome, Asperger's disorder, and pervasive developmental disability. This problem emerges as a decreased ability to share emotions and a greater difficulty understanding others' feelings, leading to increased social communication difficulties. To assist patients with ASD, we proposed a concept that incorporates speech emotion detection technologies, which are widely used in the field of human-computer interaction (particularly youngsters). An algorithm based on a novel method for classifying normal and autistic children's speech emotions is implemented in this article. The training data set is treated to a new approach after all features have been extracted. The technique discussed in this study is the creation of a hybrid algorithm that serves as a classifier for normal and autistic children's speech emotions. Voice emotion recognition can be identified accurately and with a lower error rate. The data collection includes speech samples from 200 normal and 250 autistic groups in four moods (Angry, Happy, Neutral and Sad). As per research findings, the implemented hybrid algorithm for Normal and Autistic Children Speech Emotions (SERNAC) outperformed the existing classifiers by increasing accuracy.

Classification Taxonomies Genus of 90 Animals Using Transfer Learning Resnet-152

The process of learning theory and the limited ability to remember anything, especially a foreign language, often cause students to have difficulty understanding lessons, especially in determining the type and taxonomy of the animal. With the assistance of computer vision technology, students can more effectively face various challenges, enhance their understanding, and improve their ability to apply the concept of animal classification. The research classifies the taxonomy of 90 animals using Transfer Learning ResNet 152. It aims to analyze the performance of Transfer Learning ResNet 152 on the 90-animal dataset. The results show that in Model A with an architecture with frozen layers in 6 ResNet blocks, the highest evaluation value obtained is 0.9222 on Batch size 4 with Dropout 6, 0.9241 on Batch size 8 with Dropout 7, 0.9259 on Batch size 16 with Dropout 8, and 0.9296 on Batch size 32 with Dropout 4 and Dropout 7. Meanwhile, in model B with an architecture with frozen layers in 5 ResNet blocks and one non-frozen block, the highest evaluation value obtained is 0.7611 on Batch size 4 with Dropout 8, 0.8713 on Batch size 8 with Dropout 2, 0.8852 on Batch size 16 with Dropout 1, and 0.9204 on Batch size 32 with Dropout 3.

Specifics of socialization of children with autism spectrum disorders

IntroductionOne of the important tasks of modern education is the adaptation of children with autism spectrum disorders to the social space, which allows them to ensure their personal development and self-realization.ObjectivesStudy of the specifics of the socialization of children of preschool age with autism spectrum disorders.Methods The study involved 27 preschool children with autism spectrum disorders attending an educational institution for children with disabilities; 6 were girls and 21 were boys; 20 children with intact speech and 7 children with speech disorders. The following methods were used: “Map of manifestations of activity by A.M. Shchetinina, N.A. Abramova; “Map of observations of the manifestations of communicative abilities in preschool children” A.M. Shchetinina, M.A. Nikiforova; “Emotional faces” N.Y. Semago.ResultsIt was found that children with autism spectrum disorders have the greatest severity of such activity indicators as “is in a good mood” (1.67), “shows stubbornness” (1.56) and “shows great mobility” (1.56). Among the manifestations of communicative abilities in preschool children, the most developed parameter is: “sincere in his statements, in the manifestation of his feelings” (2,07). At the same time, the lowest expression of communication skills (0.96) in children with autism spectrum disorders is observed in terms of: “has organizational skills”, “the child seeks to understand the other, his thoughts, feelings”; “observant, sees and realizes the characteristics of other children and adults”. The least pronounced indicator is observed in the indicator of initiative; children do not show initiative in communication, have difficulty understanding and supporting the initiative of another child in an interaction situation. Children have a low level of operational communicative actions and skills: children are not expressive in communication, do not master verbal means of communication and are not able to maintain contact with communication partners.ConclusionsThe results obtained in the study confirm the need to develop and implement psychological and pedagogical programs aimed at developing social skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders. This paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Exploring healthcare barriers and satisfaction levels among deaf individuals in Ecuador: A video-based survey approach

BackgroundApproximately 80% of Deaf individuals live in low- and middle-income countries, where health systems often overlook their specific needs. This communication gap can result in misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment, impacting their overall satisfaction with healthcare services. ObjectivesThis study aims to uncover barriers to healthcare access and preferences among the Deaf population in Ecuador, and the role of communication barriers in shaping satisfaction levels with healthcare services. MethodsThe study gathered data from 386 participants through online surveys, focusing on demographic characteristics, healthcare experiences, communication methods, and levels of satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and association analyses were employed to analyze the data. ResultsThe study reveals that nearly all participants possessed an officially recognized disability (95.9%) and 53.9% reported hereditary deafness. Ecuadorian sign language was predominant (60.9%). Communication barriers were evident, with 65.0% having trouble understanding medical instructions, and 66.6% identifying a deficiency of tools for Deaf individuals in healthcare settings. Satisfaction levels were associated with the presence of interpreters during medical care, with 46.6% expressing a preference for interpreters over other communication methods. Additionally, private healthcare facilities were perceived as providing better services, despite being less frequently accessed (38.9%). Dissatisfaction was evident, particularly in aspects of communication and physician courtesy. ConclusionsThis study underscores the importance of tailoring healthcare services to address the unique needs of the Deaf population. Communication barriers emerged as a central obstacle, necessitating the inclusion of sign language interpreters and improvement of resources. The study's implications extend to healthcare equity in developing nations, emphasizing the significance of patient-centered care and inclusive healthcare practices.

Assessing health science students’ English language lacks: learners’ needs analysis

English language courses are provided in universities throughout the majority of the world where English is used as a second or first language to address students' English language needs in the target-situation use. However, at all Ethiopian Universities where English is taught as a foreign language, two English language skills courses, dubbed "communicative English language skills I" and "communicative English language skills II," are offered as standard courses in the first year. Large language gaps have been noted, particularly in health science academic and professional settings where English is largely expected. Hence, this study aimed to identify Health Science students’ English language gaps so that English language courses are designed accordingly. This study employed a mixed-methods research design. It was conducted via tests, observations, and interviews. The findings revealed that participant students had good proficiency in grammar and usage as well as reading skills. However, they had poor proficiency in listening skills, which in turn indicated that the students had difficulty understanding spoken English. The findings also indicated that these students demonstrated an inability to write an acceptable essay. The study further revealed that students' failure to describe a patient, the case, the complaints, and the drugs in medical terminology was partially due to a lack of English language skills. As a result, while developing English language course materials for health science students, course designers and practitioners should address these English language gaps existing in students’ academic studies and future professions.

Revitalizing Quranic and Fiqh Education: The Endeavor of An-Najah Ihya’ As-Sunnah Foundation

The purpose of this community devotion program is as follows: 1) improve the ability to read the Qur'an and memorize Surah Al-Kahfi verses 1-7, 2) teach theory and practice in the implementation of prayer, as well as 3) provide the theories and introductions about mahram to pupils at the middle school level. The method used in community service at the An-Najah Foundation is Community-Based Research (CBR), a collaboration between the community and higher education institutions, with an action-oriented approach and application of service learning to support social movements to create social justice. The results of this activity in the first cycle show that most students still have difficulties understanding and following the activities carried out because the materials taught are still new to them. However, after the second cycle, the results show that: 1) average students can read the Quran and memorize Surah Al-Kahfi paragraphs 1-7, 2) average students understand the theory and practice of prayer, and 3) average students have an understanding of the theories and knowledge of Mahram.

Analisis kebutuhan bahan ajar LKPD untuk meningkatkan keaktifan belajar siswa

The aim of this research is to examine the need for Ethnomathematics-based LKPD (Learner Worksheets) to increase student learning activity. The subjects of this research were class VIII students at one of the State Middle Schools in Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques use observation, distribution of questionnaires and test results that use indicators of learning activity. This research has several results. First, the remaining 81% had difficulty understanding mathematical material. Second, 84% of students are not active in the mathematics learning process in class. Third, 69% of students said that the learning media that makes learning mathematics easier is LKPD, 22% of students chose books as a medium that makes learning mathematics easier and 9% of students chose other learning media. Fourth, the results obtained were that 81% of students were interested if the triangle and quadrilateral teaching materials were packaged in the form of Ethnomathematics-based LKPD to increase students' learning effectiveness. Apart from that, the test results showed that there were no students who obtained the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) score. Therefore, the development of Ethnomathematics-based LKPD is needed to increase student learning activity.

Communication barriers faced by pharmacists when managing patients with hypertension in a primary care team: a qualitative study

BackgroundAs primary care pharmacists take on an increasingly important and collaborative role in managing patients with chronic diseases, communication barriers with patients and healthcare colleagues have emerged. This study aimed to explore the communication barriers faced by pharmacists when managing patients with hypertension in a primary care team.MethodsTwelve pharmacists working in five government primary care clinics were interviewed by a researcher using a topic guide. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsPharmacists’ management of patients with hypertension was found to be affected by communication challenges at three different levels: between pharmacists and patients, pharmacists and physicians, and physicians and patients. Barriers to communication between pharmacists and patients include language barrier, physical disabilities, medication brand changes, and specific challenges faced during video consultations. Barriers to communication between pharmacists and physicians include lack of access to patient information across institutions on the electronic medical records (EMR), inadequate and inappropriate documentation by physicians, and disruptive and ineffective phone calls by pharmacists to physicians. Barriers to communication between physicians and patients had a spillover effect on pharmacists; these barriers included language barrier, patients not discussing medication nonadherence with physicians, and conflicting advice given by physicians and pharmacists.ConclusionsThe communication barriers pharmacists faced when managing patients with hypertension involved multiple stakeholders. Many of the challenges resulted in patients having difficulty understanding and adhering to their management plan. Effective interventions to foster stronger interprofessional relationships and create a conducive platform of communication should be developed to address these communication barriers.

HOW DO STUDENTS FACE ENGLISH SPEAKING DIFFICULTIES AT A COASTAL REGENCY OF NATUNA: A CASE STUDY AT AN ISLAMIC STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This research describes the analysis of student difficulties in English speaking skills faced by 10th Grade students of MAN 1 Natuna in the 2021/2022 academic year. This research used qualitative research methods. The researcher chose class X IPA 1 as the object with a total of 27 students. In collecting the data, researcher used observations, and interview. From the data analysis, the researcher found some conclusion The problem of students in mastering speaking skills is that students have limited vocabulary, they confused to pronounce words in English, lack grammar, cannot speak fluently, and have difficulty understanding what the speaker is saying. In addition, students inhibit to practice speaking English and usually use their mother tongue. The cause of students having difficulty in mastering speaking skills refers to the learning objectives, it can be concluded that students have psychological factors such as lack of confidence, fear of being wrong, anxiety, shame and lack of motivation that hinders them in practicing speaking in English. These factors, such as fear of making mistakes, are generally caused by their fear of being laughed at by their friends.

Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccination in a Troop of Fleet Antiterrorism Security Team Marines: Observational Study.

In 2019, the World Health Organization declared the reluctance to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccination services as one of the top 10 threats to global health. In early 2021, self-reported reluctance to vaccinate among military personnel might have been considered a significant threat to national security. Having a choice architecture that made COVID-19 vaccination optional rather than required for military personnel could have inadvertently undermined military readiness if vaccination uptake did not reach an acceptable threshold. The purpose of this observational study was to examine Marines' self-reported reasons for planning to decline the COVID-19 vaccine to understand their barriers to vaccination. As the vaccination became available to 1 company of Fleet Antiterrorism Security Team (FAST) Marines in early 2021, company command required those planning to decline vaccination to write an essay with up to 5 reasons for their choice. These essays provided the data for this study. Qualitative descriptive analysis with elements from grounded theory was used to thematically categorize FAST Marines' written reasons for planning to decline the COVID-19 vaccine into a codebook describing 8 key behavioral determinants. Interrater agreement among 2 qualitatively trained researchers was very good (κ=0.81). A troop of 47 Marines provided 235 reasons why they planned to decline the COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequent reasons were difficulty understanding health information (105/235, 45%), low estimates of risk (33/235, 14%), and fear of physical discomfort (29/235, 12%). Resulting interventions directly targeted Marines' self-reported reasons by reducing barriers (eg, normalized getting the vaccine), increasing vaccine benefits (eg, improved access to base gyms and recreational facilities), and increasing nonvaccine friction (eg, required in writing 5 reasons for declining the vaccine). Understanding the barriers military personnel experience toward COVID-19 vaccination remains critical as vaccine acquisition and availability continue to protect military personnel. Insights from subpopulations like FAST Marines can enhance our ability to identify barriers and appropriate intervention techniques to influence COVID-19 vaccination behaviors.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Siswa dalam Menyesaikan Soal pada Materi Dimensi Tiga Kelas XII MIA SMA Negeri 1 Kota Tambolaka

The aim of this research is to describe the difficulties faced by students in solving problems in three-dimensional material with the subject being 2 students in class XII MIA. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative research. The data analysis technique used was a qualitative data analysis technique by selecting 2 students from 53 students to be used as interview subjects. Data collection was carried out using written tests and interviews. The research results obtained include factors that cause students to have difficulty understanding learning and solving problems in three-dimensional space material, namely students do not understand the concept of triangles, students' low interest in learning so that students become less attentive and lazy, do not understand the meaning of the questions, and students only memorize the concept, so they are given other questions and are confused

Children’s and Families’ Perspectives and Understanding of Children’s Court Criminal Processes and Consequences: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Grey Literature

This article presents findings from a scoping review of qualitative grey literature regarding children’s and families’ perspectives and understanding of Children’s Court criminal processes in which they are participants. Many children and families had difficulty understanding court proceedings, particularly formal and legal language, and fully appreciating the significant implications of decisions for their future lives. Professional support was often inconsistent and unreliable. One area where positive processes were experienced was in alternative courts, especially Indigenous courts. The findings support previous research and international law that recommends greater involvement of children and families in court processes to achieve fairer and better outcomes.

Efektivitas Penggunaan Aplikasi Sebagai Moderasi Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan dan Citra Merek Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian

This study aims to determine the effect of service quality and brand image which is moderated by the effectiveness of using the application on purchasing decisions. The population in this study used a sample of 326 respondents who are Ruangguru application users in Indonesia. The data collection technique used was a non-probability sampling technique with purposive sampling by distributing research questionnaires using Google forms on social media. The data processing method uses smartPLS with the aim of testing the hypothesis. The results of this study indicate that service quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, brand image has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, the effectiveness of using applications has proven to have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, the effectiveness of using applications has proven significant and can moderate on the effect of service quality on purchasing decisions, the effectiveness of using the application is proven to be significant and can moderate the effect of brand image on purchasing decisions. This research recommends Ruangguru to increase purchases, it is suggested to be able to further increase the effectiveness of the application so that customers can easily use the Ruangguru application. This is because some Ruangguru application users have difficulty understanding and using the features in the Ruangguru application. The Ruangguru application is expected to be able to maintain a brand image and service quality that is good enough to maintain or increase purchasing decisions on the Ruangguru application.

An Expert System for Indian Sign Language Recognition Using Spatial Attention–based Feature and Temporal Feature

Sign Language (SL) is the only means of communication for the hearing-impaired people. Normal people have difficulty understanding SL, resulting in a communication barrier between hearing impaired people and hearing community. However, the Sign Language Recognition System (SLRS) has helped to bridge the communication gap. Many SLRs are proposed for recognizing SL; however, a limited number of works are reported for Indian Sign Language (ISL). Most of the existing SLRS focus on global features other than the Region of Interest (ROI). Focusing more on the hand region and extracting local features from the ROI improves system accuracy. The attention mechanism is a widely used technique for emphasizing the ROI. However, only a few SLRS used the attention method. They employed the Convolution Block Attention Module and temporal attention but Spatial Attention (SA) is not utilized in previous SLRS. Therefore, a novel SA based SLRS named Spatial Attention-based Sign Language Recognition Module (SASLRM) is proposed to recognize ISL words for emergency situations. SASLRM recognizes ISL words by combining convolution features from a pretrained VGG-19 model and attention features from a SA module. The proposed model accomplished an average accuracy of 95.627% on the ISL dataset. The proposed SASLRM is further validated on LSA64, WLASL, and Cambridge Hand Gesture Recognition datasets where, the proposed model reached an accuracy of 97.84%, 98.86%, and 98.22%, respectively. The results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed SLRS in comparison with the existing SLRS.

Persistent post-concussion symptoms include neural auditory processing in young children.

Difficulty understanding speech following concussion is likely caused by auditory processing impairments. We hypothesized that concussion disrupts pitch and phonetic processing of a sound, cues in understanding a talker. We obtained frequency following responses to a syllable from 120 concussed and 120 control. Encoding of the fundamental frequency (F0), a pitch cue and the first formant (F1), a phonetic cue, was poorer in concussed children. The F0 reduction was greater in the children assessed within 2 weeks of their injuries. Concussions affect auditory processing. Results strengthen evidence of reduced F0 encoding in children with concussion and call for longitudinal study aimed at monitoring the recovery course with respect to the auditory system.

Assessing perceptual performance of non-native English speakers

About 20% of the U.S. population, many of whom are foreign born, speaks a language other than English in the home. Non-native English speakers are known to have difficulty understanding spoken English, especially in noise. For this reason, they are often excluded from psychophysical perceptual experiments. However, the perceptual abilities of these individuals are important to characterize, particularly because solutions to their unique communication difficulties are important to establish. This presentation will review perceptual data from a series of experiments that examined speech recognition in degraded listening conditions and psychophysical performance on basic auditory processing tasks. Listeners in all experiments included young adults with normal hearing whose native language was either English or Spanish. Some of the experiments also included older adults with normal hearing or hearing impairment who learned English as a second language. The results show that non-native speakers of English have considerable difficulty on all complex speech recognition tasks, which is exacerbated with advanced age. Additionally, non-native speakers of English do not perform as well as native speakers of English on some basic psychoacoustic measures. These results have implications for evaluating performance of non-native speakers in the lab and in the clinical setting.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Wonomarto

Science lesson concepts are composed of the simplest concepts to the most difficult so they require understanding to master the material. This can cause students to have difficulty understanding science lessons and can cause student learning outcomes to be low. The aim of this research is to determine whether or not there is an influence of using the inquiry learning model on learning outcomes in science subjects for class IV students at SD Negeri 2 Wonomarto for the 2023/2024 academic year. The Inquiry learning model produces students actively asking questions and looking for their own solutions so that their curiosity can help develop critical thinking skills and discover students' potential. This type of research is classified as quantitative research. The design used in quantitative research is the Quasi Experimental Design type. Using 10 essay questions that have been validated. The results of the posttest showed that learning outcome data was 96.42% above the KKM, namely 72. Student learning outcomes were measured. Based on the results of the analysis, the posttest hypothesis was tested, tcount = 5.388 and ttable(0.05)(53) = 2.0075 because tcount > ttable So there is an influence of using the inquiry learning model on learning outcomes in science subjects for class IV students at SD Negeri 2 Wonomarto for the 2023/2024 academic.

Dampak cyberbullying terhadap kemampuan kecerdasan emosional remaja dengan pendekatan prakiraan

The use of social media has become an inseparable part of teenagers' daily lives. Apart from having a positive impact, the existence of social media also has an impact on the negative behavior of its users, one of which is cyberbullying. This research aims to identify forms of cyberbullying among teenage victims on social media, estimate the impact of cyberbullying on teenagers' emotional intelligence abilities, and how to mitigate it. This research uses qualitative data collection techniques, including literature studies and expert interviews. The analysis uses qualitative thematics to identify forms of cyberbullying among teenage victims on social media, then analyzes predictions based on expert opinion and experience. The research results showed that there were five cases of teenage victims of cyberbullying in the form of insults and harassment on social media. Estimated impacts of these two forms of cyberbullying include teenagers having difficulty understanding and managing their own and other people's emotions, difficulty building social relationships, lack of self-confidence, stress, depression, and failure in academic achievement at school. Teenagers need to have the ability to mitigate adverse impacts; namely, first, teenagers do not need to respond to the cyberbullying they experience. Second, teenagers need support from their families and the school environment. Teenagers need to build good communication with their parents and understand how to use social media through literacy and legal risks by teachers at school. The government plays a vital role in controlling social media content that leads to cyberbullying (taking down the perpetrator's account).

Blind Vision Voice Assistant

Visual Impaired Voice Assistants are software applications that have been designed to provide assistance to visually impaired people by using voice commands and text-to-speech technology. These Assistants use advanced technologies such as speech recognition, natural language processing, and text-to-speech to communicate with the user and perform tasks. The report will explore the history, technology, benefits, and limitations of Visual Impaired Voice Assistants. The history of these Assistants can be traced back to the 1960s when researchers started exploring the use of computers to help visually impaired people. In the early 2000s, Voice Assistants such as Microsoft's Cortana and Apple's Siri were introduced, which provided greater functionality and could perform a wide range of tasks using natural language processing. The technology behind Visual Impaired Voice Assistants includes speech recognition, natural language processing, and text-to-speech. Speech recognition converts spoken words into text, while natural language processing allows the Assistant to understand the context and intent of the user's input. Textto-speech technology converts digital text into spoken words. These technologies allow visually impaired users to access digital information and perform tasks without the need for visual assistance. The report will also highlight the benefits and limitations of Visual Impaired Voice Assistants. The benefits of these Assistants include increased independence, greater accessibility to digital information, and the ability to perform tasks that would have been difficult or impossible without assistance. However, the limitations of these Assistants include difficulty understanding certain accents or dialects and struggling with background noise. Finally, the report will discuss the impact of Visual Impaired Voice Assistants on the lives of visually impaired people. These Assistants have revolutionized the way visually impaired people interact with technology and the world around them. They have provided greater independence, increased accessibility, and helped to break down barriers, promoting inclusivity