Different Types Of Resources Research Articles

Building Intelligent Future Internet Infrastructures: FELIX for Federating Software-Defined Networking Experimental Networks in Europe and Japan

Future Internet (FI) test beds are experimentation platforms comprising different types of resources and located in various geographical locations. The ability to leverage heterogeneous resources across these infrastructures is a key concept in the creation of future intelligent network technologies, which are important for cyberphysical systems, the Internet of Things (IoT), and many other large-scale systems. This is generally achieved with programmable networks that are based on software-defined networking (SDN) principles [1]. SDN decouples the control plane from the data plane, thereby increasing the flexibility in the underlying network control and management. Both academic and industrial SDN researchers are carrying out substantial research and development on the FI worldwide using these large-scale test-bed infrastructures [2]. These efforts focus on the integration of networks, compute, and other resources using increasingly intelligent solutions. This federation of network islands results in a software-defined infrastructure (SDI) that mimics the real-world environment for testing large-scale, innovative network applications, algorithms, protocols, or network functions. Researchers use common interfaces and workflows in a federation, which abstracts different internal infrastructures, resources, and procedures to facilitate the execution of experiments. However, a federation of open, heterogeneous test beds is nontrivial and requires an appropriately intelligent architecture and framework.

Geoheritage and Education: a Practical Example from the Rhinoceros of Toril 3 (Calatayud-Daroca Basin, Spain)

The middle Miocene (Aragonian) sites of Toril 3 (Daroca, Aragon, Spain) have provided one of the most important collections of vertebrates from the Calatayud-Daroca basin. The extremely high fossiliferous sites of Toril 3 have geoheritage values, not only for the diversity, importance, and excellent state of preservation of the ancient life recovered but also for taphonomic, biochronological, and museological interest. Rhinoceroses are mainly represented at the sites of Toril 3A and 3B and form one of the best preserved collection of Alicornops simorrense (Lartet) in Europe. Alicornops is a hornless rhinoceros with short limbs and a bulky body, which is believed to be one of the few gregarious rhinos that have existed. Some specimens of A. simorrense, specifically a skull and a jaw, form part of the permanent exhibition of paleontology in the Museum of Natural Sciences of the University of Zaragoza. We believe that these pieces have great potential as an educational tool to disseminate concepts about bio- and geoconservation to society. Detailed research has been carried out on the paleobiological information that can be obtained by observing the specimens, which can later be adapted for an educational application. The intention is to facilitate for public understanding the results of research based on the material of the museum, as well as providing visitors with an understanding of the depth of history of millions of years for extant organisms, while developing an ethic that includes at its core a long-term custody of both fossil and present day species for future generations to enjoy. In order to achieve this objective, a number of questions about the specimens of Alicornops simorrense have been answered with a verbal presentation that can be adapted to different kinds of public in order to facilitate teaching in the museum. This paper also provides different types of resources that can be used to attract people’s attention and stimulate visitors during the presentation.

Informational needs during active surveillance for prostate cancer: A qualitative study

ObjectiveTo understand the informational needs during active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer from the perspectives of patients and providers. MethodsWe conducted seven focus groups with 37 AS patients in two urban clinical settings, and 24 semi-structured interviews with a national sample of providers. Transcripts were analyzed using applied thematic analysis, and themes were organized using descriptive matrix analyses. ResultsWe identified six themes related to informational needs during AS: 1) more information on prostate cancer (biopsy features, prognosis), 2) more information on active surveillance (difference from watchful waiting, testing protocol), 3) more information on alternative management options (complementary medicine, lifestyle modification), 4) greater variety of resources (multiple formats, targeting different audiences), 5) more social support and interaction, and 6) verified integrity of information (trusted, multidisciplinary and secure). ConclusionsPatients and providers described numerous drawbacks to existing prostate cancer resources and a variety of unmet needs including information on prognosis, AS testing protocols, and lifestyle modification. They also expressed a need for different types of resources, including interaction and unbiased information. Practical implicationsThese results are useful to inform the design of future resources for men undergoing AS.

Zum Wissen des Rechtsübersetzers und zur Wissensaufbereitung in übersetzerischen Hilfsmitteln

This article deals with the diffi culties encountered by the translator with no legal back-ground in consulting resources conveying legal knowledge, ranging from the text of the law to the legal encyclopaedia, designed for lawyers, lawyers and non-lawyers, lawyers and legal translators respectively. Starting from the translation from Italian into German of a text of company law, there is first of all a description of the legal knowledge required by the legal translator to translate the legal text in question and the legal knowledge conveyed by the text for translation itself. After an overview of the resources that the legal translator may draw on to integrate any gaps in his legal knowledge, there is an illustration of the problems linked to the different types of resources, concluding with a demonstration of the advantages of a resource such as JUSLEX, designed and created exclusively for the legal translator.

The Roles of Networks in Institutionalizing New Hybrid Organizational Forms: Insights from the European Renewable Energy Cooperative Network

Hybrid organizational forms combine values and practices from different institutional domains, rendering them difficult to fit neatly into the structures of extant organizational forms. Since the work required to institutionalize a new hybrid organizational form may be beyond the resources and capabilities of individual organizations acting alone, we shift the focus to inter-organizational collective action. Using empirical data from a study of a European network of renewable energy cooperatives, we find that, in order to institutionalize the new hybrid organizational form, the network can contribute to overcome the legitimacy challenges inherent in organizational hybridity. In particular, the network builds field-level receptivity to institutional pluralism, collectively codifies the hybrid organizational form, and consolidates legitimation towards plural field-level audiences. In order to perform these institutionalization roles, the network itself becomes increasingly formalized and mobilizes mediating functions involving different types of resources, legitimacy and target audiences. The research advances knowledge of hybrid organizational forms and their collective institutionalization through inter-organizational networks.

Assessing resource productivity for industrial parks using adjusted raw material consumption (ARMC)

Conventional resource productivity (RP) evaluation methods for industrial parks (IPs) are usually limited in scope, as they do not differentiate between the different types of resources. The real resource consumption and environmental impact were usually hidden. In response to this limitation, the Adjusted Raw Material Consumption (ARMC) method was introduced. The method took upstream production efficiency and resource grades into consideration. In this way, equivalent primary resource consumption (EPRC) was applied. In this paper, a set of equivalent coefficients estimation methods was established. Tianjin Economic-Technological and Development Area (TEDA) were chosen as a case study to demonstrate the application of ARMC method. By comparison with conventional methods, the ARMC method broadens the scope for calculating resource consumption by including upstream mining and refining of primary resources. It reveals the real resource consumption structure and determines key resource for holistic improvements to RP. Analysis on TEDA shows it has not yet fully achieved full decoupling between resource consumption and economic growth. Several industrial symbiosis activities have already been implemented to reduce aluminum and lead consumptions in TEDA. To more quickly achieve a greater increase in RP, and thus decoupling, efforts to reduce iron and copper consumptions should be made simultaneously. This evaluation is particularly beneficial for IPs, and for the government to promote more targeted measures to improve resource efficiency. This study was first attempt to assess resource consumption structure in IPs using ARMC method. Based on the results, a management procedure for IPs to improve RP value was developed.

Predicting resource use in ant species and entire communities by studying their morphological traits: Influence of habitat and subfamily

I investigated whether the morphological traits of Neotropical ants can be used to infer food resource use by individual species and by entire communities, and whether these relationships are related to habitat type and/or by morphological differences between ant subfamilies. I attracted ants using food baits that represented different ecological processes (e.g. predation, granivory, detritivory, nectarivory) in five habitat types along a land-use gradient (from forests to gardens). I assessed ant activity at the baits and characterized 64 species from six subfamilies according to their food use and community-level resource exploitation intensity in the different habitats. Next, I performed a Mantel test to reveal the relationships between 13 morphological measures and resource use at the species level. I then used ant clades (i.e. subfamily) and habitat to rank the ants along three axes of variation in relation to their morphology and food resource use. Finally, I tested whether associations existed between the community-level exploitation intensity for such resources and the distribution of morphological trait values using the “4th-corner” analysis. Morphological traits were closely linked to the species’ ability to exploit different resources. These relationships were affected by subfamily and, to a lesser extent, by habitat type. The characterization of trait sets for entire communities was not useful, however, in predicting the intensity of the exploitation of different types of resources in varying environmental conditions. I conclude that morphological traits are accurate predictors of the ecology of species, but they should be used with caution when trying to understand community-level patterns.

The role of climate: implications for service employee engagement and customer service performance

This research attempts to challenge the resource–engagement and engagement–performance linkage of the job demands–resources model by testing these links under the moderating role of two climates: performance-focused and service failure recovery. Two studies test a model on the boundary conditions of the linkages across four service industries. The results suggest that whether a resource (i.e., self-efficacy and job autonomy) positively or negatively affects engagement depends on whether (1) a climate is appraised as a challenge or hindrance demand and (2) a climate is deemed a complementary or compensatory resource. Using multi-respondent data from customer service employees and their supervisors in the health care industry, Study 1 conceptualizes climate as organizational climate and finds that performance-focused climate strengthens (weakens) the positive effect of self-efficacy (job autonomy) on engagement while service failure recovery climate weakens the positive impact of self-efficacy on engagement. Study 2 generalizes the findings from Study 1 and provides broad support by testing the model using psychological climate in the financial services, tourism and hospitality, and retailing industries. This study closes with a configuration approach to climate research by discussing when multiple climates can co-exist under different types of resources.

Horse and Cart: The Role of Order in New Ventures

Entrepreneurs need to accumulate different types of resources to take the initial steps to grow their ventures. While much is known about the configurations of resources that improve venture success, less is known on how ventures should initially accumulate resources to begin to exploit valuable opportunities. Using agent-based simulations, we classify resources by the functions (search and execution) that they provide. We find that acquiring search resources before execution resources leads to more valuable opportunities, but only under conditions of higher uncertainty. We contribute to the entrepreneurial resource acquisition literature by showing how resource order may affect an entrepreneur’s ability in opportunity discovery, evaluation, and exploitation. We draw inferences on contingencies that can increase the salience of resource order on venture success.

Generic Scheduling Optimization Model for Multiple Construction Projects

AbstractIn the construction industry, contractors usually manage and execute multiple projects simultaneously. Typically, this situation involves sharing different types of resources, including cas...

The Buffering Effect of Workplace Resources on the Relationship between the Areas of Worklife and Burnout.

Background: Workplace resources are found to play a major role in the stress–strain relationship. However, usually different types of resources are investigated, whereas investigating different facets of stress (“stressors”) receive less attention in research about the relationship between stress, strain and resources. Based upon recent research, we expected that workplace resources moderate the relationship between stressors (operationalized with the areas of worklife) and long-term strain (operationalized with three dimensions of burnout) in the sense that workplace resources buffer the negative effects of stressors on strain.Method: Hypotheses were tested in a longitudinal sample of 141 Austrian workers, who participated two times in an online study over a period of 6 months. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to test the proposed relationships.Results: The results imply that workload and reward seem to be the most important predictors for burnout. Workload is important for emotional exhaustion, whereas reward is important for cynicism. Value-fit at the workplace plays a significant role for cynicism, but only if resources at the workplace are high. Further moderating effects of resources were found for the outcome personal accomplishment. More specifically, results indicate that having high resources in a high workload environment increases personal accomplishment after a time interval of 6 months. In addition, employees experiencing high levels of control but low workplace resources show less personal accomplishment.Conclusion: Despite the limiting aspects of the relatively short period of time we can see that resources can buffer workload effects. This should be taken into consideration when doing risk assessments in practice as work design should focus on resources even more when high workload can be found.

Identification of detailed behaviour of Flexible Manufacturing Cell using Hierarchical Timed Coloured Petri Nets

The goal of this paper is focused on identifying the behavioural structure of a flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) using a model based on Coloured Timed Petri Nets and applying hierarchical techniques. In the paper we explain the modelling procedure of the manufacturing cell with single resource for different types of parts according to proposed decisions on places and transition in order to analyse the overall processing time in the cell. The designed model is based on a manufacturing cell from Faculty of Managerial and Technological Engineering, University of Oradea. In this present work, we present the behaviour of resource places, transitions and evaluate overall performance of the flexible manufacturing cell using CPNTools software.

The integrated model of innovative processes management in foreign countries

The formation of an innovative economy must correspond to the promising areas of development of scientific, technical and social progress. To ensure sustainable innovative development of the national economy, it is not only necessary to develop our own tools and mechanisms that are characteristic of the domestic management model, but also the rational use of foreign experience in this field. Analysis of international experience in the use of various tools and mechanisms, management structures for the creation of high-tech and knowledge-based enterprises showed: the integrated nature of innovative development and modernization of the economy is the most sound methodological approach of a phased, systemic transition to new technological structures; When developing tools and mechanisms for innovative development of the economy, one should take into account the actual state of the material and technical base and the existing industrial structure of production, take into account the real possibilities of using different types of resources. The greatest innovation activity is shown by those countries in which the national integrated system effectively provides favorable conditions for the development and introduction of innovations in various spheres of life. International experience in the use of forms of governance can be considered as a mobile system of relations with the real sector of the economy. In the article is given the experience of foreign countries, and examples of adaptation for Kazakhstan integrated models of management of innovative processes to create high-tech enterprises, innovative products which can be competitive in the world market. The author highlighted the role of JSC “Kazakhtelecom” with the widespread provision of public services, having the status of a National operator associated with the provision of the services including long-distance and an international telecommunication for telecommunication networks in General use. However, this operator provides an implementation of the eligibility criteria throughout the country with minimal administrative and transactional costs.

Designing an Adaptive Learning Environment to Improve Writing Skills and Usability for EFL Students at the Faculty of Education

Learning characteristics vary for each individual learner. Research suggests that knowledge is processed and represented in different ways and that students prefer to use different types of resources in distinct ways. Adapting learning to meet the various individual differences of the students is a real challenge. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of designing an adaptive learning environment on developing EFL undergraduate students' writing skills and usability. A design standards checklist was prepared for guiding the process of designing the proposed online adaptive environment. The multiple intelligences (MI) theory was used as a basis for conducting the adaptation process since the students were divided according to their strong intelligences into three groups (analytic, introspective and interactive groups). Different types of multiple intelligences-based activities were presented to each group. Those activities were also adapted according to the writing level of the students (beginning, intermediate and advanced). Consequently, each student proceeded in the adaptive environment in an individualized learning path which was pre-determined through the student MI profile (including a student's personal data, EFL writing level and multiple intelligences).Various online tools (hangouts, Google drive, Facebook and WhatsApp) were employed in the adaptive environment. The experimental design was adopted using 60 students of the 2nd year English major at Mansoura Faculty of Education. Those participants were divided into two groups: one experimental and one control. Instruments used in the present study were: 1) an EFL writing skills test, 2) an analytic rubric for scoring the writing skills, and 3) a usability scale to evaluate the easiness of students' learning through the adaptive environment. The results indicated that the adaptive online learning environment led to developing EFL students' writing skills and that the students found the environment usable for learning and interacting with fellows and instructor.

Language policy in multilingual contexts: Revisiting Ruiz’s “language-as-resource” orientation

ABSTRACTIn this article, we apply Ruiz’s language-as-resource orientation to three international settings: Taiwan, Pakistan, and mainland China. Our guiding question was how different languages (indigenous languages, Chinese, and English) were positioned differently as resources in these contexts. For our analysis, we used Lo Bianco’s (2001) elaboration of the language-as-resource framework as our starting point for an examination of early childhood education (Taiwan), political events (Pakistan), and different types of bilingual education (mainland China). Through this analysis, we confirmed the multidimensionality and multiplicity of the language-as-resource orientation (i.e., different languages can be positioned as different types of resources by different groups in society). We also found that additional dimensions might be considered as part of the language-as-resource orientation, such as native-speaker status, time, and space. Finally, we argue for an emphasis on Ruiz’s idea of cooperative language planning as an integral part of the language-as-resource orientation. The “multilingualism-as-a-resource” orientation is a step in this direction.

Сучасні тенденції зміни суб’єктності публічної політики

У статті аналізується проблема інституціоналізації публічних акторів і форм їх взаємодії в сучасному постмодерновому політичному просторі. Виявлено і охарактеризовано нові тенденції зміни їх суб’єктності у формуванні громадського капіталу в різних типах режимів: гібридизація, мережевість, індивідуалізація, транскордонність, конфліктність. Оцінено вплив інформаційних технологій, які стають одним з головних інструментів реалізації публічної політики в сучасних політичних умовах і яких у перспективі можна розглядати в якості основи трансформації політичних систем всіх типів. Визначено, що ключовим механізмом розвитку політичних практик акторів є конвертація різних видів ресурсів в публічний капітал, який є частиною політичного капіталу. З’ясовано, що публічні актори діють в конкретних інституційних режимних рамках, мають інкорпоровану здатність брати участь в колективних та індивідуальних діях, грунтуючись на своїх інтересах, перевагах і ідентичностях. В роботі доведено, що публічні актори, перебуваючи в певному режимному середовищі, формують особливі форми публічного капіталу, який відображає ступінь ефективності, відкритості та конфліктності політичної системи.

Providing fault tolerance through invasive computing

Abstract As a consequence of technology scaling, today's complex multi-processor systems have become more and more susceptible to errors. In order to satisfy reliability requirements, such systems require methods to detect and tolerate errors. This entails two major challenges: (a) providing a comprehensive approach that ensures fault-tolerant execution of parallel applications across different types of resources, and (b) optimizing resource usage in the face of dynamic fault probabilities or with varying fault tolerance needs of different applications. In this paper, we present a holistic and adaptive approach to provide fault tolerance on Multi-Processor System-on-a-Chip (MPSoC) on demand of an application or environmental needs based on invasive computing. We show how invasive computing may provide adaptive fault tolerance on a heterogeneous MPSoC including hardware accelerators and communication infrastructure such as a Network-on-Chip (NoC). In addition, we present (a) compile-time transformations to automatically adopt well-known redundancy schemes such as Dual Modular Redundancy (DMR) and Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) for fault-tolerant loop execution on a class of massively parallel arrays of processors called as Tightly Coupled Processor Arrays (). Based on timing characteristics derived from our compilation flow, we further develop (b) a reliability analysis guiding the selection of a suitable degree of fault tolerance. Finally, we present (c) a methodology to detect and adaptively mitigate faults in invasive NoCs.

Taking environmental partnerships seriously

Increasingly, firms are integrating environmental sustainability into their business strategies. Yet, sustainability is a complex topic and many firms need to form environmental partnerships to access additional resources—in the form of investments, technologies, expertise, public image, and/or political influence—to develop competitive advantage. Environmental partnership decisions are difficult, however, because they often need to reconcile multifaceted sustainability issues with multi-level, and potentially divergent, strategic goals. To meet their intended objectives, companies should carefully consider the type of environmental partnerships and partners that can best meet their needs. Based on a review of the literature, interviews with executives responsible for environmental partnerships, and publicly available data, we find firms engage in three main types of environmental partnerships: innovation-seeking, legitimacy-building, and policy-influencing. Each type of partnership benefits from different types of resources and partner choices. Herein, we describe the advantages of each type of environmental partnership and partners that may best support them. Given that many firms develop environmental partnership portfolios, managing multiple environmental partnerships simultaneously, we also discuss the implications of our research for environmental partnership portfolios.

An Emergency Demand Response Mechanism for Cloud Computing

We study emergency demand response (EDR) mechanisms from data centers' perspective, where a cloud data center participates in a mandatory EDR program while receiving online computing job bids. We target a realistic EDR mechanism where: i) The cloud provider dynamically packs different types of resources on servers into requested VMs and computes job schedules to meet users' requirements; ii) The power consumption of servers in the cloud is limited by the grid through the EDR program; iii) The operating cost of the cloud is considered in the calculation of social welfare, measured by electricity cost. We propose an online auction for dynamic cloud resource provisioning under the EDR program, which runs in polynomial time, achieves truthfulness and close-to-optimal social welfare for the cloud ecosystem.

MOSCOPEA: Multi-objective construction scheduling optimization using elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm

Abstract Managing multiple construction projects simultaneously involves sharing and allocating different types of resources, including cash, equipment, and manpower among different concurrent projects. Moreover, ensuring the availability of cash throughout the multiple projects' execution period increases the scheduling complexity. Accordingly, this paper presents the development of an automated system that optimizes the scheduling of multiple construction projects with respect to multiple objectives considering both financial and resource aspects under a single platform. The automated system is named Multi-Objective SCheduling OPtimization using Evolutionary Algorithm (MOSCOPEA). The system aims to help contractors in devising schedules that obtain optimal tradeoffs between different projects' objectives, namely: duration of multiple projects, total cost, financing cost, maximum required credit, profit, and resource fluctuations and peak demand. Moreover, it offers the flexibility in selecting the desired set of objectives to be optimized together. Finally, the developed system is tested and implemented using different case studies of different project sizes obtained from literature to demonstrate its capabilities in scheduling optimization.