Different Stages Of Ontogenesis Research Articles

The optimization of modern measures of winter wheat protection from pests in the Forest-Steppe region of Ukraine

The peculiarities of ecology of certain types of pests breeding in field crops are highlighted. The indicators of the influence of a complex of factors on development and mass reproduction of insects under modern agricultural systems are generalized. The species composition of insect phytophages in new crops is specified. More than 20 species of pests were identified that severely damaged this crop according to the results of the monitoring of the wheat entomocomplex. The analysis of influence of temperature, air and soil on the trophic links of phytophages and development and survival of their stages was conducted. A close connection between the level of productivity and the stages of organogenesis of plants with separate stages of development of the main species of phytophages was established. The analysis of efficiency of application of modern monitoring of a complex of pests at new systems of protection of winter wheat has been carried out. Cereal flies, aphids and other pests are found are found on wheat. The basic ecological and biological peculiarities of the formation of the entomocomplex of winter wheat are determined. The peculiarity of monitoring and control of harmful insect species on winter wheat crops in the forest-steppe of Ukraine is highlighted. The analysis of the modeling efficiency of the number of harmful and useful insect for resource-saving systems of winter wheat protection is carried out. The peculiarities of biology and ecology of pests of stem and of the root system of winter wheat in the region of research are specified. The peculiarities of the formation of entomocomplexes in agrocenoses vary according to certain parameters, in particular the number of soil and interstitial phytophages, taking into account the radius of their daily displacement. It is relevant to determine the total demand of pests in feeding at the actual population of individuals at different stages of ontogenesis of grain crops for effective crop management. The application of resource saving models of the calculation of phytophage dynamics on cereal crops by hydrothermal coefficient at different periods of development of plants and phytophages in the production, which allows to determine the quantitative changes of a separate entomocomplex in grain crops in time and space. The development and introduction of integrated methods for the control of winter wheat pests according to modern agricultural systems in the forest-steppe of Ukraine, which determines the expected loss of grain in the crop fields becomes important.

Трофічні зв'язки бавовникової совки за сучасних технологій вирощування соняшнику та кукурудзи в Лісостепу України

The features of reproduction of cotton shoots of sunflower seeds and corn under modern agricultural systems in the forest-steppe of Ukraine are highlighted. The analysis of efficiency of application of modern monitoring of a complex of pests at new systems of protection of sunflower and corn is carried out. On the crops of sunflower and corn in the Poltava region, Mirgorod district, the dynamics of the number of cotton bollworm, in the period 2014-2018, which reflects a sharp fluctuation in the number of pests in the crops, is reflected. The basic ecological and biological peculiarities of formation of the structure of cotton bollworm in the crops of the studied cultures are determined. The feature of monitoring and control of cutworms in the forest-steppe of Ukraine is highlighted. A complex of the most effective biological insecticides is described, for controlling the amount of the pest. The analysis of efficiency of modeling of the number of harmful and useful insect species for resource-saving systems of protection of sunflower and corn is carried out. The peculiarities of biology and ecology, as well as the phenology of the development of cotton bollworm in the research area have been specified. The peculiarities of forming the number of pests in agrocenosis vary according to certain parameters, optimum temperatures during winter hibernation, warm and moderate-humid weather in the spring-summer period of vegetation and the presence of honey plants during the period of the imago. For effective crop management, it is relevant to determine the total demand of pests in feeding on the actual population of individuals at different stages of ontogenesis of cereals and industrial crops. Also, a comprehensive set of preventive measures for the distribution of cotton shoots in sunflower and corn crops, for modern agricultural systems. Application in the production of methods for forecasting the dynamics of phytophagous crops on cereals and industrial crops due to the influence of biotic and abiotic factors in different periods of development of plants and phytophagous, allows to determine quantitative changes of cotton bollworms in time and space. Keywords: trophic relations, cotton bollworm, sunflower, maize, monitoring

ВЛИЯНИЕ ДОБАВОК В КОРМ ВИТАМИНОВ ГРУППЫ B НА ЭМБРИОНАЛЬНОЕ И РАННЕЕ ПОСТЭМБРИОНАЛЬНОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ КОШАЧЬЕЙ АКУЛЫ В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The article describes the problem of optimization of feeding cat sharks in the aquarium environment at the exposition of the Museum of the World Ocean in relation to the loss of vitamins in the course of freezing fish and squids that make a part of shark feed. In the process of studying the influence of added to the feed vitamins of B group (thiamine, pyridoxine, riboflavin, cyanocobalamin) onto cat shark organism at different stages of ontogenesis there have been found a positive results: improvement of the physiological state of cat shark juveniles and acceleration of the terms of eggs incubation. To exclude possible bacterial diseases the experiment was conducted after termination of microbiological study that revealed presence of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria causing red spot disease in cat sharks under violation of living conditions. In the course of the experiment there were studied size-weight characteristics of cat shark juveniles, taken measuring of eggs and juvenile species, searched various anomalies in eggs. There have been recorded the indices of the internal organs of cat shark juveniles, namely heart, spleen and liver indexes, erythrocytes number and hemoglobin concentration in blood using Foulton and Clark fatness factors. According to the results of the study, it has been stated that sharks taking feed with added vitamins successfully adapt to environmental conditions and their offsprings less suffer from factors of negative impact. It has been inferred that B vitamins has a positive effect on growing cat sharks in the aquarium environment.

Somatic mosaicisms of chromosome 1 at two different stages of ontogenetic development detected by Rh blood group discrepancies.

Spontaneous Rh blood group changes are a striking sign, reported to occur mainly in patients with hematologic disorders. Upon routine blood grouping, 2 unrelated individuals showed unexplained mixed red cell phenotype regarding the highly immunogenic c antigen (RH4), clinically relevant for blood transfusion and fetomaternal incompatibility. About half of their red cells were c-positive, whereas the other half were c-negative. These apparently hematologically healthy females had no history of transfusion or transplantation, and they tested negative for chimerism. Genotyping of flanking chromosome 1 microsatellites in blood, finger nails, hair, leukocyte subpopulations, and erythroid progenitor cells showed partial loss of heterozygosity encompassing the RHD/RHCE loci, spanning a 1p region of 26.7 or 42.4 Mb, respectively. Remarkably, in one case this was detected in all investigated tissues, whereas in the other, exclusively myeloid cells showed loss of heterozygosity. Both carried the RhD-positive haplotypes CDe and the RhD-negative haplotype cde. RHD/RHCE genotypes of single erythroid colonies and dual-color fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses indicated loss of the cde haplotype and duplication of the CDe haplotype in the altered cell line. Accordingly, red cell C antigen (RH2) levels of both propositae were higher than those of heterozygous controls. Taken together, the Rhc phenotype splitting appeared to be caused by deletion of a part of 1p followed by duplication of homologous stretches of the sister chromosome. In one case, this phenomenon was confined to myeloid stem cells, while in the other, a pluripotent stem cell line was affected, demonstrating somatic mosaicism at different stages of ontogenesis.

Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of β-Globin Gene Switching.

Vertebrates have multiple forms of hemoglobin that differ in the composition of their polypeptide chains. During ontogenesis, the composition of these subunits changes. Genes encoding different α- and β-polypeptide chains are located in two multigene clusters on different chromosomes. Each cluster contains several genes that are expressed at different stages of ontogenesis. The phenomenon of stage-specific transcription of globin genes is referred to as globin gene switching. Mechanisms of expression switching, stage-specific activation, and repression of transcription of α- and β-globin genes are of interest from both theoretical and practical points of view. Alteration of balanced expression of globin genes, which usually occurs due to damage to adult β-globin genes, leads to development of severe diseases - hemoglobinopathies. In most cases, reactivation of the fetal hemoglobin gene in patients with β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease can reduce negative consequences of irreversible alterations of expression of the β-globin genes. This review focuses on the current state of research on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying stage-specific switching of β-globin genes.

МНОГОКОМПОНЕНТНОСТЬ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКА (ЛЕКЦИЯ)

In this article, we present the main points on which modern medicine relies in the diagnosis of diseases and health. The treatment of the concept of health, the essence of which is its multicomponent, is considered. Sensitive age periods of ontogenesis, the main components of physical health and their dynamism in its formation are listed, the role of morphofunctional features and energy potential of the organism, the regulation of the activity of physiological systems, as well as their interaction with environmental factors with respect to the change in the level of somatic health are highlighted. Since "health" is perceived as an integral category, its study should be systemic, considering both the morphofunctional features of the individual and all kinds of adaptive activity of physiological systems. The need for a quantitative assessment of the person's physical health at different stages of ontogenesis is explained, since only their comprehensive study with qualitative indicators contributes to the most complete understanding of the essence of the processes that are taking place. In this context, as an example, the results of the author's research in the field of diagnosing the somatic health of children are presented using her own developed algorithm, when each level of physical health is a completely independent model, differing at least one by its component and having an appropriate value.

Effect of etoksidol against sulfur-containing gas induced reduction in bone marrow microcirculation in different stages of ontogenesis in rats

Objective: To investigate the state of femoral red bone marrow microvasculature of nonlinear white male rats in the course of an acute experiment. Materials and Methods: The ontogenesis of experimental animals were between 36 and 730 days: Intact ones, those subjected to the action of subtoxic doses of sulfur-bearing gas, and those receiving a protector-drug “Etoksidol”. The data on microcirculation were obtained using laser Doppler flowmetry. The industrial sulfur-containing natural gas of the Astrakhan gas condensate field was used as a toxic agent. It was revealed that the reducing intensity of blood microcirculation in the red bone marrow of intact rats is statistically more significance in the presenile period of ontogenesis compared with the earlier periods. Results: The use of “Etoksidol” along with the influence of sulfur-containing pollutant on the experimental animals of different age groups led to improvement of microcirculation in the bone marrow at all the studied stages of ontogeny. However, such improvement was statistically highly significant (P < 0.01) in the mature age I, very close to significant in the mature age II, and was not statistically significant in the young and presenile age. Conclusions: As a result, the following findings were obtained: The toxic effect greatly reduces the intensity of the microcirculation in the bone marrow, which is most pronounced in younger animals; the experimental results suggest that the drug “Etoksidol,” with an antihypoxic and antioxidant action, has a positive effect on red bone marrow microvasculature.

Age-Related Changes in the Content of Sirtuin 1 in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

The goal of our work was to examine the localization and expression level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in human dermal fibroblasts at different stages of ontogenesis, as well as to identify the role of SIRT1 in skin aging. The study was based on an autopsy skin material sampled from fetuses dying prenatally in the 20th to 40th week of gestation and from people dying in the period starting from birth to the age of 85 years. SIRT1 and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by the indirect immunohistochemical method. The results of our study have shown that the SIRT1 level decreases in dermal fibroblasts during the period from birth until the age of 85 and that the proliferative activity of dermal fibroblasts and their counts are steadily reduced. The decreasing content of SIRT1 in dermal fibroblasts with age correlates with a reduction of their proliferative activity and can be considered as one of the mechanisms for inhibition of the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts.

Ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) of the North Caucasus: Species diversity and host-parasite relationships

Biological diversity of ixodid tick fauna of the North Caucasus is analyzed. On the whole, 38 tick species are represented in the fauna of the North Caucasus. Their distribution within the region, biotopic features, and host-parasite relationships of different stages of ontogenesis are considered.

EFFECT OF ETHYLMETHYLHYDROXYPYRIDINE MALATE ON THE ABSOLUTE NUMBERS OF ERYTHROBLASTIC ISLETS IN RATS EXPOSED TO SULFUR-CONTANING GAS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS

Objective . To study the effect of the protective agent ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate on the numbers of erythroblastic islets in rats exposed to sulfur-containing gases. Materials and methods . Natural sulfur-containing gas mixtures from the Astrakhan gas-condensate field were used to model the gas-polluted environment. Male rats of various ages simulated different stages of postnatal human ontogenesis. Results . The obtained results indicate that at all stages of ontogenesis ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate protected erythroblastic islets from intoxication by gaseous sulfur pollutants and led to partial normalization of proliferation and maturation of eryth rob lasts. Conclusion . The protective action of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine malate may be used for neutralizing the biological damage caused by toxic air pollutants at different stages of ontogenesis.

Involvement of dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels in high asynchrony of transmitter release in neuromuscular synapses of newborn rats.

Experiments on neuromuscular synapses of rats at different stages of ontogenesis have been performed. It has been found that one of the reasons of higher asynchrony of the release of single quanta of acetylcholine in the synapses of newborn animals is the activity of the presynaptic dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels of the L-type.

An iterative continuous-event model of the population outbreak of a phytophagous Hemipteran

Based on the analysis of changes in the local density of the insect within the family Psillidae in Australia we have developed a model for a scenario of a dramatic increase in the number of jumping plant lice at the expense of primary and secondary Encyrtidae parasitoid microwasps. A phenomenological model describes on a case by case basis the efficiency of reproduction in several ranges of population conditions. We have proposed a continuous-event structure, where the rate of a decrease of the number of psyllid generations is uneven at different stages of ontogenesis of the insect with an incomplete metamorphosis. The moments when the rate is changing are determined by the state of internal variables of the auxiliary equation of a continuous system. Spontaneous time-limited local outbreak occurs after overcoming the threshold balancing in iterative dynamic system that reduces the effect of normal regulatory mechanisms of psyllid reproduction and the speed of a decrease of the number of generations changes. The method with the addition of the right side of the first equation by special functionality with limited range of values simulates a sharp decrease in survival with the exhaustion of resources. The limited availability of leaves causes a backward tangent bifurcation. After a few iterations from the tangent bifurcation population transfers to the mode of ordinary fluctuations without explicit of cyclical component at a low average psyllids population.

Influence of furolan-treated seeds on sowing characteristics of winter wheat cultivars

The study was carried out at the All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Belozerny, Krasnodar, Russia in 2009. The seeds of three varieties of winter wheat namely; Bat’ko, Deya and Krasnodarskaya 99 were grown in different concentrations of growth regulators namely; Furolan, (2-furyl-2)-1,3-dioxolane, gibberellins (plant hormone) and water as control. The influence of the growth regulators on seed germination energy and germinating power were determined. The effect of the regulators was higher in all the experimental variants than in the control. However, this increase was insignificant (LSD0.05 = 6.88). Application of Furolan in concentration of 0.001 and 0.0001% in Deya’s variety decreased germination energy in comparison with that of concentration 0.01%. Weak concentration virtually did not stimulate germination energy of seeds. The different varieties investigated in this study showed very positive response to growth regulators at different stages of ontogenesis of the plants. The effect of the factor B (growth regulators) on the formation of sprout length was 11.7%. Interaction of factors A and B was very small; its effect was only 0.6%.

EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY LASER IRRADIATION ON THE CULTIVATED MACROMYCETES SEED CULTURE GROWTH ACTIVITY

Aim. The study of the effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the growth processes of spores and mycelia of cultured macromycetes. Methods. The research objects were pure cultures of basidiomycetes Flammulina velutipes 1974, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma lucidum 1887, Hericium erinaceus 963, Lentinus edodes 520 и Pleurotus ostreatus 531. Helium-neon laser with radiation at the wavelength of 632.8 nm and argon ion laser 514.5 nm and 488.0 nm were used as the sources of coherent light. Irradiation has been carried out at the stages of spore germination and development of the vegetative mycelium. Results. The significant differences in photosensitivity between the species at different stages of ontogenesis have been revealed. The analysis of growth parameters allowed us to determine the optimal pacing modes for studied strains. It is expedient to carry out the light processing of F. velutipes, G. applanatum and P. ostreatus seed mycelium in the exponential and stationary growth phases, while for G. lucidum it should be done in the stationary phase. Irradiation of H. erinaceus spores by laser light with the wavelength 488 nm leads to the maximum stimulation of growth processes and biomass accumulation increased almost three times compared with the control. The photostimulation by red and blue light is equally effective at all the examined stages of L. edodes ontogenesis. The use of activated inoculum has reduced four times the number of its entry in the substrate. It has been established that the vegetative mycelium, which was formed from spores modified under the light influence, retains its ability to accelerate the growth and changes induced by light can be transmitted to the further ontogenetic stage from spores to mycelium. Conclusions. Low-intensity laser radiation can be effectively used to increase the biological activity of seed culture cultivated macromycetes to stimulate their growth and intensification of technological stages of cultivation.

THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC ANOMALIES ON THE ANIMALS IN MIDDLE LATITUDES OF THE EAST OF THE RUSSIAN PLAIN

With a steady climate change increases the risk of weather anomalies. The droughts, forest fires, winter frosts become more frequent that affects the abundance and diversity of animals, including commercial species and crop pests. The deviation of timing of the phases of ontogeny from multiyear is a sensitive indicator of the state and the processes of ecosystems. In order to identify the features of the biota response to extreme weather conditions we studied the reaction of animals of the East Russian Plain (Kirov Region) to weather anomalies of cold winter in 2009-2010 and the hot summer of 2010 according to phenological (1890-2013 years) and phytosanitary (2000-2013 years) monitoring of 52 species Clitellata, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Insecta, Aves, Mammalia. The observations were carried out on the territory of the boreal ecotone with different changes of hydrothermal regime within Vyatsko-Verkhnekamsk District of the Volga Region. The phenological monitoring carried out by a standard technique involving public opinion poll from permanent correspondents. We analyzed the date of the seasonal phases of development: the end of winter diapause, the beginning of oviposition, hatching of eggs, the emergence of the imago insects; spring arrival, the beginning of the breeding cycle, autumn departure of birds and others. In 2010 the survey of additional information on phenology of biological objects was conducted by method of questioning of permanent observers in 23 geographical locations of the Kirov Region. We examined the impact of agroclimatic conditions for the development of pests within permanent control areas of Kumenskii Hospital District Department of the Federal Phytosanitary Service during the active vegetation. Long frosts below 35 С were pessimal and sublethal for different stages of ontogenesis in Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Aelia acuminata, Agrotis segetum, Oscinnella frit and others. Extreme summer heat above 30 °C and drought were pessimal for Phyllotreta vittula, Leptinotarsa decemlineata and sublethal for eggs and larvae of Oscinnella frit, Aelia acuminata, Elateridae, but contributed to the early emergence of Apion apricans adults. Exceeding monthly average air temperature at the 1 С resulted in advancing the timing of microthermal insects development by 1.9 days and advancing the arrival dates of near migrant birds by 1 day in April, and in advancing the timing of mesothermal insects development by 1.3 days and advancing the arrival dates of distant migrant birds by 1.4 day in May. The 100 С excess of the effective temperature in May led to emergence of Oscinnella frit, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Pieris brassicae adults 2.9-3.8 days ahead of due time. In June it resulted in larvae emerging 2.7-4.8 days ahead of due time, and in July their adult summer generation occurred 1.6-1.7 days earlier. Negative impact of pests on crops in abnormal seasons can be reduced by spring crops sowing in early summer, while winter rye should optimally be sowed in later date. In the conditions of mid-latitude of Eastern European Plain the temperatures below 40 С in winter and long heat up to 40 С with a summer drought are within the adaptive capacities of the regional biota. Their influence does not cause irreversible consequences in the functioning of wildlife, particularly animals, including pests.

Effect of hypoxia on cholinesterase activity in rat sensorimotor cortex

This study reports the dynamics of changes in postnatal ontogenesis of the activity of soluble and membrane-bound forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in sensorimotor cortex of rats as well as the pattern of their changes after prenatal hypoxia (E14, 7% O2, 3 h) or acute hypoxia in adult animals (4 months, 7% O2, 3 h). In normally developing rats the activity of the membrane-bound AChE form in the sensorimotor cortex gradually increased up to the end of the first month after birth and remained at this high level during all further postnatal ontogenesis, while the activity of the soluble form of AChE reached its maximum on the 10th day after birth and decreased significantly by the end of the first month. In animals exposed to prenatal hypoxia the activity both of the soluble and membrane bound forms of AChE during the first two weeks after birth was 20-25% lower, as compared to controls but increased by the end of the first month and even exceeded the control values remaining increased up to old age (1.5 years). The activity of both BChE forms in rat sensorimotor cortex at all stages of postnatal ontogenesis was significantly lower than of AChE, although the dynamics of their changes was similar to that of AChE. Prenatal hypoxia led to a decrease in the activity of the membrane-bound form of BChE, as compared to controls, practically at all developmental stages studied, but was higher at the end of the first month after birth. At the same time, the activity of the soluble form of BChE was decreased only on the 20th day of development, as compared to the control, but increased from the end of the first month of life onwards. Acute hypoxia in adult rats also led to a decrease in the activity of both forms of AChE and BChE in the sensorimotor cortex but the dynamics of these changes was different for each enzyme. Thus, insufficient oxygen supply to the nervous tissue at different stages of ontogenesis has a significant effect on the activity and ratio of various forms of cholinesterases exhibiting either growth factor or signaling properties. This may lead to changes in brain development and formation of behavioural reactions, including learning and memory, and also increase the risk of development of the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD)--one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases of advanced age. This study expands our knowledge of the properties of brain cholinesterases under normal and pathological conditions and may be useful for developing new approaches towards prevention and treatment of AD.

The United Equation of Animal Growth

The equation that can describe all known types of animal growth is proposed. The equation contains two basic coefficients, one of which determines the initial rate of growth; the other determines the change of the growth rate. In separate cases two correction coefficients should be taken into account, one of which is connected with morphogenetic processes and the other is connected with spontaneous decrease of the body weight. Biorhythms that accompany growth process can be described by the equation as well. Linear recursive form of the equation allows to use regression analysis and, therefore, comparative intrapopulation, interpopulation and interspecies analysis of growth. Examples of approximation by the equation of own and literature experimental data are shown. Values of the coefficients of the equation for different types of growth in different stages of ontogenesis of the various animal systematic groups are calculated. The equation is suitable to describe change of any biological parameter which is associated with body weight by allometric (power) dependence

Evaluation of genetic homeostasis in animals at different stages of ontogenesis in the environment

Modern methods of genetic homeostasis assessment in animals are described in the present article. The single gel-electrophoresis test (Comet Assay), micronuclei test, chromosome aberration frequency, and sister chromatid exchanges are reviewed in detail. The questions of test-sensitivity of given methods and principles or their application for genetic homeostasis assessment in wild populations of animals are considered.

Psycho Educational Conditions of the Development of Safe and Remediation of Dangerous Behaviors of A Child

The article studies psychologo-educational conditions of the development of dangerous (victimization) and safe forms of child’s behavior at different stages of ontogenesis. A concept of victim and safe behavioris given here, as well as their characteristics. The basic paradigm of security is considered, too. A hierarchy of influence exerted by family, personal and social factors on the development of dangerous forms of child behavior is identified. Here are the results of experimental studies conducted on adolescents in Novosibirsk and Novosibirsk region. We consider the system of psychologo-educational remediation of dangerous forms of victim behavior of adolescents. There are identified and described the conditions under which the work of transformation non adaptive forms of victim behavior of adolescents can be effective.

Effect of heat shock on courtship behavior, sound production, and learning in comparison with the brain content of LIMK1 in Drosophila melanogaster males with altered structure of the limk1 gene

In this paper we present results of a comprehensive analysis of the effect of heat shock at different stages of ontogenesis (adult stage, development of the mushroom bodies and the central complex) on courtship behavior (latency, duration and efficacy of courtship), sound production (pulse interval, dispersion of interpulse interval, the percentage of distorted pulses, the mean duration of the pulse parcels), learning and memory formation compared with the content of isoforms LIMK1 in Drosophila melanogaster male with altered structure of the limk1 gene. The heat shock is shown to affect the behavior parameters and LIMK1 content in analyzed strains of Drosophila. The most pronounced effect of the heat shock was observed at the stage of development of the central complex (CC). Heat shock at CC and adult restores the ability of learning and memory formation in the mutant strain agn(ts3), which normally is not able to learn and form memory. Correlations between changes of content of isoforms LIMK1 and behavioral parameters due to heat shock have not been established.