Different Sources Of Organic Manures Research Articles

Growth, yield and quality parameters of chilli (<em>Capsicum annuum </em>L.) as influenced by application of different organic manures and decomposers

A field experiment was conducted at research and demonstration block of Research Institute on Organic Farming (RIOF), UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru during 2017-2018 to study the combined effect of different sources of organic manures and decomposers on growth, yield and quality parameters of chilli fruits. The experiment was laid out on Factorial Randomized Block Design with 12 treatments and replicated thrice. Irrespective of the decomposers treatments, application of vermicompost on N equivalent basis had recorded significantly higher growth parameters viz., plant height, leaf area, leaf area index and total dry matter accumulation (82.76 and 87.37 cm at harvest, 868.68 and 903.97 cm2 plant-1 at 90 DAT, 1.45 and 1.51 at 90 DAT, 32.43 and 36.33 g plant-1 at harvest during 2017 and 2018 season) and quality parameters viz., ascorbic acid, capsaicin content, oleoresin quantity and TSS content (120.89 and 125.28 mg 100 g-1, 10.77 and 11.37 per cent, 63.56 and 66.86 per cent and 3.49 and 3.29 0Brix) during 2017 and 2018 season of Chilli fruits as compared to application of FYM, poultry manure and sheep manure. Irrespective of organic manures treatments, jeevamrutha application had recorded significantly higher plant height (86.16 and 91.05 cm at harvest), leaf area (904 and 941.73 cm2 plant-1 at 90 DAT), leaf area index (1.51 and 1.57 at 90 DAT), total dry matter accumulation (33.76 and 37.89 g plant-1), ascorbic acid (124.26 and 129.08 mg 100 g-1), capsaicin content (11.07 and 11.70 per cent), oleoresin quantity (65.46 and 69.66 per cent), TSS content (3.63 and 3.43 0Brix), N content (2.08 and 2.13 per cent), P (0.35 and 0.39 per cent) content and K content (2.41 and 2.40 per cent) as compared to application of microbial consortia and NCOF-decomposer during both Seasion.

Influence of organic and inorganic nutrients on yield, physicochemical properties and cooking quality of seeragasamba rice

Field experiments were conducted during samba seasons of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 to study the effect of organic manures and inorganic nutrients on yield, physicochemical and cooking quality of Seeragasamba rice. The experiments were conducted in sandy clay loam with pH around 7.5. Fourteen treatments comprising different sources of organic manures and inorganic nutrients were replicated thrice under RBD. The treatments are as follows: T1- 100%N through Green Manure, T2-75%N through Green Manure+25%N through RDF, T3-50%N through Green Manure+50% N through RDF, T4 -100%N through FYM, T5-75% N through FYM+25% N through RDF, T6-50% N through FYM+50% N through RDF, T7-100% N through Composted Poultry Manure, T8-75%N through Composted Poultry Manure+25%N through RDF, T9-50% N through Composted Poultry Manure+50%N through RDF, T10-100%N through Vermicomposted Pressmud, T11- 75% N through Vermicomposted Pressmud+25% N through RDF, T12-50% N through Vermicomposted Pressmud + 50% N, T13-RDF @ 56:37:37 NPK Kg/ha through in organic and T14 - Control (No Nitrogen). The results revealed that in both samba seasons, the highest grain yield was obtained in (T3) application of 50% N through green manure + 50% N through RDF and it was followed by the (T12) application of 50% N through vermicomposted pressmud + 50% N through RDF. However, both treatments were found to be on par with each other. The milling recovery, head rice recovery, protein and starch amylose content were also found to be higher in these treatments as compared to others. The cooking quality evaluated interms of increased length and breadth of cooked rice were also enhanced in these treatments. The sensory evaluation attributes viz., colour, taste, texture and overall acceptability were also increased in T3 and T12.

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The Effects of Different Sources of Organic Manures in Growth and Yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

A field experiment was conducted in an Inceptisols with sandy loam soil of the research farm of Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal from October 2016 to January 2017 to evaluate the effects of different sources of organic manure in growth and yield of radish. The experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six treatments (Poultry manure, goat manure, FYM, biogas byproduct, recommended dose of fertilizer and control) and was replicated four times. Pyuthane Red variety (released on 1994) of radish was used as a test crop. After analysis of primary nutrients of the organic manures, the amount was fixed on the basis of recommended nitrogen (100 kg N per hectare) as a reference value. The application of organic manures significantly increased the plant height, number of leaves, leaf breadth, root length, root diameter and biomass yield. The highest biomass yield (75.16 Mg/ha) and highest root yield (49.41 Mg/ha) was obtained from poultry manure application which was similar with recommended rate of fertilizer. The study suggested that application of poultry was found more beneficial and significantly improved growth and yield of radish.
 Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(1): 39-42

Influence of soil texture and compost on the early growth and nutrient uptake of Moringa oleifera Lam

Influence of soil texture and compost on the early growth and nutrient uptake of Moringa oleifera Lam

Integration of different sources of organic manure and micro-nutrients on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanumtuberosum L.) grown under new alluvial soil condition

Field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2009-10 and 2010-11, to study the effect of application of different sources organic manure and micro-nutrients on growth, productivity and quality of potato (Solanumtuberosum L.) grown under alluvial soil. The different sources of organic and micronutrients were integrated into 8 possible treatments viz. RDF (NPK @ 200 :150 :150 kg ha-1) , 50% of RDF + well decomposed FYM @ 10t ha-1, 50% of RDF + Well powder neemcake @ 0.5t ha-1,RDF+ Zinc sulphate @ 20kg ha-1as soil application, RDF + ammonium molybdate @ 1kg ha-1as soil application, RDF + sodium tetraborate @ 1kg ha-1as soil application, RDF + tuber soaking with 40g inc sulphate + 10g ammonium molybdate + 10g sodium tetraborate, RDF + foliar spray of 1% KnO3 salt. All the treatments resulted in improvement of growth and tuber yield characteristics, out of these treatments where organic sources of nutrient were integrated registered significantly maximum effect. Highest leaf area index, leaf area duration, dry matter production, tuber bulking rate and tuber yield in potato were recorded in the treatment 50% recommended dose of NPK + 10t FYM ha-1, while the lowest was observed in 100 % inorganic fertilizer treatment (RDF). Organic treatment were also in favour of producing medium and large size tuber, whereas, micronutrient were in favour of producing extra large size tuber. Highest value of starch and reducing sugar content were also recorded under the treatment where the crop received organic manure.

Effect of Different Sources of Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) under Integrated Organic Farming System

Effect of Different Sources of Organic Manures on Growth and Yield of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) under Integrated Organic Farming System

Impact of different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF and INM on growth, yield, system productivity, nutrient status and economics in rice- greengram cropping system

Impact of different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF and INM on growth, yield, system productivity, nutrient status and economics in rice- greengram cropping system

Impact of different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF and INM on important growth and yield parameters of rice variety CO(R) 48 with derived correlation and regression equations under site-specific organic farming condition

Impact of different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF and INM on important growth and yield parameters of rice variety CO(R) 48 with derived correlation and regression equations under site-specific organic farming condition

Impacts of different sources of organic manures on soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient balance and yield of rice-greengram cropping sequence under organic farming

Impacts of different sources of organic manures on soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient balance and yield of rice-greengram cropping sequence under organic farming

Effect of different organic sources and their combinations onweed growth and yield of wheat Triticum aestivum

A field study was conducted at experimental farm of the Regional Research Station, Punjab Agricultural University, Gurdaspur during rabi season of 2014-15 to find out the effect of different sources of organic manures and their combinations on weed growth and wheat grain yield. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with eight treatments namely, control (T1), recommended dose of NPK+ weedicide (T2), farmyard manure + poultry manure (T3), farmyard manure + bagasse ash (T4), farmyard manure + rice husk ash (T5), poultry manure + bagasse ash (T6), poultry manure + rice husk ash (T7), and bagasse ash + rice husk ash (T8). The results indicated that maximum dry weight of grassy weeds (2.65 g/m2) and broad leaf weeds (2.10 g/m2) was recorded in treatment where poultry manure was used in combination with farmyard manure whereas minimum dry weight of grassy (1.15 g/m2) and broad leaf weeds (1.00 g/m2) was obtained in treatment where these were controlled chemically. The minimum grain yield was obtained in control treatment where neither organic manure was added nor weeds were controlled by using herbicide. Among different combinations of organic manures, it was found that wherever poultry manure was used in combinations, higher yields were obtained due to higher plant height, maximum number of effective tillers/m2, maximum spike length in comparison to other manure combinations. Within the treatment combinations, rice husk ash combinations resulted in higher yield and also effectively controlled the weeds as compared to bagasse ash combinations.

Influence of organic sources of nutrients on vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) as an intercrop in coconut garden

<p>Performance of vanilla, as influenced by organic source of nutrition when grown as intercrop in coconut garden, was studied in sandy loam soil at ICAR-CPCRI, Kasaragod, Kerala for seven years. Field experiments were carried out with different sources of organic manures, recommended NPK fertilizer and no fertilizer treatments. Application of cow dung slurry (6 tonnes ha<sup>-1</sup>) resulted in vigorous growth of vine (vine length of 5.5 m) and higher number of beans per vine (208) and a significantly higher mean fresh yield of bean (1.87 kg vine<sup>-1</sup>). Application of vermicompost (5 kg plant<sup>-1</sup>) + biofertilizers (<em>Bacillus</em> and <em>Azospirillum</em>) and vermiwash were on par and recorded mean fresh yield of 1.47 kg vine<sup>-1</sup> and 1.30 kg vine<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. Control treatment without fertilizer application recorded significantly lower fresh bean yield (0.55 kg vine<sup>-1</sup>) due to lower number of beans per vine (72 nos.). In the rhizosphere of vanilla, no significant difference for either bacterial or actinomycetes population was noticed among the treatments. The fungal population differed significantly among the treatments and the highest population level was found with application of biogas slurry (62.1x10<sup>3</sup>cfu g<sup>-1</sup> soil), which was on par with application of cow dung slurry (59x10<sup>3</sup> cfu g<sup>-1</sup> soil). Among the function specific microbial communities, the highest population of P-solubilisers (98x10<sup>3</sup> cfu g<sup>-1</sup> soil) was recorded in the biogas slurry treatment, and it was the lowest in control and vermiwash application treatments. The average coconut yield realized during experimental period(2004-05 to 2009-10) was 136 nuts per palm, recording 53 per cent increase in yield compared to pre-experimental yield (89 nuts per palm). </p>

Physiological Parameters, Leaf Nitrogen Content and Grain Yield of Finger Millet as Affected by Different Sources of Organic Manures under INM in Comparison with RDF

Finger millet was grown under three year old Melia azedarach in red sandy loam soil with different management options viz., application of farm yard manure (FYM) @ 10 t ha-1, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (40:20:20 NPK kg ha-1) alone, and in conjunction with 75% RD N with 25% N through FYM, Vermicompost, Poultry manure; also with biofertilizers @ 5 kg ha-1Azospirillum and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) along with finger millet alone as sole cropping with 100% RDF. The physiological parameters such as LAI, CGR, NAR and SPAD values (leaf nitrogen content) were recorded at critical growth stages of the crop along with grain yield of finger millet. The physiological parameters such as LAI, CGR, NAR and SPAD values (leaf nitrogen content) were recorded at critical growth stages of the crop along with grain yield of finger millet. Higher physiological parameters and grain yield of rice was recorded with the INM practice followed by recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) treatment. Among the organic treatments, higher grain yield of finger millet was recorded with sole crop on par with 75% RD N + 25% N poultry manure (2405 kg ha-1) and 100% RDF (2393 kg ha-1). The lowest grain (1583 kg ha-1) was found with control FYM @ 10 t ha-1 i.e., farmers practice. Similar trend was observed for all the physiological parameters recorded and harvest index of the rice crop. From the present investigation, it can be inferred that, among nutrient management practices tested, 75% RD N + 25% N poultry manure and 100% RDF in agri-silviculture system was better for realizing higher grain yield and physiological parameters apart from sustaining better soil nutrient status on sandy loam soils of Southern Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh.

Performance of different sources of organic manures in comparison with RDF and INM on nutrient uptake, nutrient balance and soil properties in rice-greengram cropping sequence

Field experiments were carried out at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India during samba (August- December) season of 2012 and 2013 to study the effect of different sources of organic manures in comparison with INM and RDF on nutrient uptake and soil properties in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). The experiment consisted of fourteen treatments which were laid out in Randomized Block Design, replicated thrice and SRI method of planting was adopted during both the years. Among fourteen treatments, four treatments with different organic manures at 100 per cent RDN on equi nutrient basis (farm yard manure, vermi-compost, poultry manure and (Dhaincha) green manure) another six treatments consisted of 50 per cent combination of each manure, one treatment with 1/4 th combination of all the manures and one absolute control (without organic or inorganic). These treatments were compared with the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) and integrated nutrient management practice (RDF + Dhaincha). Higher N, P and K uptake was observed with INM practice followed by RDF. Among the organic treatments, 100 per cent RDN through green manure resulted with higher nutrient uptake followed by 25 per cent RDN through each organic manures. Lower nutrient uptake was observed with absolute control where no fertilizers / manures received during both the years of study. The soil available N and P balance was positive with the INM treatment (85.0 and 5.10 kg ha -1 ) at the end of two year of cropping sequence. Among the organic treatments, 100 per cent RDN through green manure recorded the highest N balance (46.0 kg ha -1 ) followed by 25 per cent RDN through each organic manures (42.0 kg ha-1) at the end of the cropping system (2012 -14). Similarly, the highest P balance was recorded with 25 per cent RDN through each organic manures (3.1 kg ha -1 ) and which was followed by 100 per cent RDN through green manure (3.0 kg ha -1 ) at end of the two years of cropping sequence. The least N and P balance was noticed with absolute control (-4.0 and -2.5 kg ha -1 ) at the end of cropping sequence. Invariably, all the treatments recorded net negative K balance in both the years of cropping sequence.

Effect of Different Sources of Organic Manure on Growth and Yield of Sweet Pepper

Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers is a common practice which is hazardous both for soil health and environment. It has been more than three decades that the global agriculture has been depicted towards organic agriculture owing to sustainability and reduced environmental effects. A pot experiment was conducted at IAAS, Lamjung Campus to study the effect of various surces of organic manure on the growth and yield of sweet pepper. The experiment was conducted in Complete Randomized Design using 7 treatments replicated thrice. Each treatment consist of single pot with single plant. The treatments used were; Control, Chemical fertilizer, Vermi-compost, Poultry manure, Farm yard manure, Goat manure and Commercial organic fertilizer. Effect of different treatments on growth and yield of sweet pepper was affected significantly. The results revealed better growth and yield performance by vermi-compost followed by poultry manure over control and FYM. Chemical fertilizers, however, had similar yield as the previous mentioned treatments, but was slow in its flowering and fruiting behavior.

Long-term fertilization effects on processing quality of wheat grain in the North China Plain

A 28-year fertilization experiment was carried out in the wheat–maize rotation region of North China. The effects of different sources of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers on grain processing quality were studied in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The results showed that wheat protein contents and processing quality were significantly improved with both organic manure and inorganic fertilizer treatments after long-term fertilization. Various effects of long-term fertilization on different quality parameters were found, with the descending order of dough stability time, dough development time, sedimentation value, wet gluten, dry gluten, and water absorption rate. Grain protein content, dry gluten content, wet gluten content, sedimentation value, and water absorption rate were also significantly improved. The durations of dough development and stabilization were significantly improved, and bread volume and baking score were increased. Grain protein content and processing quality were generally improved for the long-term and continuous fertilization. However, there was no significant difference in wheat quality between T4 (high amount of organic manure) and T5 (high amount of inorganic fertilizer). The effect of optimal amounts of inorganic fertilizer was greater than that of organic manure treatments at base-line application levels.

Contribution of Integrated Nutrient Management Practices for Sustainable Crop Productivity, Nutrient Uptake and Soil Nutrient Status in Maize Based Cropping Systems

Over applications of inorganic fertilizers lead nutrient imbalances, inefficiency and environmental contamination while insufficient application of nutrients causes soil fertility depletion. This problem drives the use of organic manures, which supply balanced micro and macro nutrients to the current crop and also leave a substantial residual effect on the succeeding crops in different cropping systems. But it is required in bulk as it contains nutrients in small proportion. Hence its availability is scarce for large farms. Therefore, to eliminate both excessive and inadequate applications, judicious use of integrated nutrient management is best alternative for sustainable crop productivity while maintaining soil fertility status in maize and other cereal based cropping systems. Such integrated applications have complementary and synergistic effects. Various research results have confirmed that INM improves sustainable crop productivity and soil fertility status rather than organic or mineral fertilizers alone. Most of research findings reviewed in this paper indicated that among the alternative integrated nutrient management combinations, application of chemical fertilizers integrated with organic manures in equal proportion significantly improved sustainable crop productivity, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status in maize based cropping systems. In general, combined application of inorganic fertilizers with different sources of organic manures in different proportions has significant role to boost crop productivity, improve nutrient uptake by plants and maintain soil nutrient status in maize based cropping systems.

EFFECT OF SOME ORGANIC AND BIO-FERTILIZERS ON QUALITY AND QUANTILY OF Rosmarinus officinalis L. PLANTS

Two field experiments were carried out on rosemary plants (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) at the experimental Baramoon Research Farm, Dakahlya Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, , to study the effect of different sources of organic manure (FYM) mixed of poultry and cattle manures, humic acid, biofertilization nitrogen fixing bacteria (microbein) and phosphate dissolving bacteria (phosphorein), as well as active dry yeast on vegetative growth, herb yield, essential oil production and chemical composition of plants. The results clear that in both seasons, all fertilizer treatments achieved significantly better growth and yield than the untreated plants (control) which received recommend dose of NPK.. Treatments included that plant biomass responded linearly to (FYM) application and most values of all measurements were realized at the rate of 30 m3/fed. than obtained at both 20, 10 m3/fed. in comparison with those of control plants in both seasons, respectively. Also, it is evident that the application of (FYM) at rates of 10, 20 and 30 m3/fed., interacted with combinations of both (phosphorein + microbein), (phosphorein + yeast) and (phosphorein + humic acid) improved significant increments in the all growth characters compared with control plants, and the highest one was realized with combination of (FYM) at rate of 30 m3/fed. + phosphorein + humic acid. These findings clearly indicate that phosphorein, humic acid and 30 m3/fed. of (FYM) could be used as traditional fertilizers instead of chemical ones and may consequently minimized pollution of agricultural environments.

Produtividade da Heliconia psittacorum x Heliconia pathocircinada cv. Golden Torch sob diferentes fontes de adubação orgânica

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de se avaliar a produtividade da Heliconia psittacorum x Heliconia spathocircinada cv. Golden Torch, quando submetida a diferentes fontes de adubação orgânica. O experimento foi conduzido na Escola Agrotécnica Federal, no município de Satuba, AL. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, com 5 repetições e 10 tratamentos ficando os tratamentos assim definidos: T1) Testemunha, sem adubação; T2) Adubo mineral; T3) Esterco de gado; T4) Cama de frango; T5) Torta de filtro; T6) Composto de lixo urbano; T7) Esterco de gado + adubo mineral; T8) Cama de frango + adubo mineral; T9) Torta de filtro + adubo mineral e T10) Composto de lixo urbano + adubo mineral. Avaliaram-se as seguintes variáveis: número de perfilhos por touceira, início da floração, número de haste floral por touceira, comprimento da haste floral, diâmetro da haste floral, comprimento da bráctea, intervalo de floração, número de folhas por haste floral e área foliar por haste floral. A adubação organomineral proporcionou um aumento significativo para as variáveis: número de perfilho, haste floral, comprimento da bráctea, haste floral, diâmetro da bráctea e área foliar, contribuindo também para a precocidade da colheita e menor intervalo de floração, quando comparado com os adubos orgânicos e a testemunha.

NUTRIENT BUDGETING UNDER COCONUT-BASED PATCHOULI FARMING SYSTEM ON HAPLUDALF

Coconut-based farming systems are the tradition of tropical and subtropical regions. But, using patchouli [Pogostemon cablin (Blanco)] as an intercrop under coconut is of comparatively recent adoption and no information is absolutely available on the possibility of improving the quality of patchouli through better nutrient supply. A field experiment was, therefore, carried out using different sources of organic manures (M0–control, M1–FYM farmyard manure 20 tonnes ha−1, M2–pig manure 10 tonnes ha−1 and M3–vermicompost 5 tonnes ha−1) versus inorganic fertilizers (No–control, N1 - 60 kg ha−1, N2–80 kg ha−1, and N3–100 kg ha−1) within the interspaces of the coconut plantation on soil taxonomically classified as Orchic Hapludalf under humid tropics of northeast India. Application of treatment M3 alone produced maximum biomass of leaves (11.24 tonnes ha−1) followed by M2 (10.82 tonnes ha−1), and M1 (9.54 tonnes ha−1), all of which were significantly (P < 0.05) superior over M0 (7.54 tonnes ha−1). Among the various levels of nitrogen (N), maximum biomass yield of leaves was observed with N3 (11.63 tonnes ha−1) ≥ N2 (11.64 tonnes ha−1), followed by N1(8.96 tonnes ha−1) with the highest yield (19.97 tonnes ha−1) registered through the combination of M3N3. Treatment combination M3N3 in turn maintained higher fungal (118 × 102 vs. 31 × 102 with M0N0 c.f.u.g−1 soil) and bacterial populations (48 × 105 vs. 31 × 103 with M0N0 c.f.u.g−1 soil) for better nutrient acquisition through improvements in the concentration of soil available nutrients. These responses consequently improved the oil concentration in leaves (3.65% with M3N3 vs. 2.40% with M0N0) and alcohol (49.90% with M3N3 vs. 44.52% in M0N0) as quality indices. This research verified that the quality of patchouli leaves as an intercrop was raised, besides improving coconut yield (40–55 nuts palm−1) as main crop, when utilizing combined treatments of vermicompost enriched with inorganic N under coconut-patchouli farming systems.