Different Sources Of Information Research Articles

Fake news as a distortion of media reality: tell-truth strategy in the post-truth era

The article deals with fake news which has been considered one of the greatest threats to information security. The expansion of digital technologies and the development of communication networks have contributed to the spreading of misinformation. In particular, the emergence of different sources of information on the Internet, the growing polarization of opinions in the political and socio-economic dimensions, the devaluation of the fact, and the widespread fake news on the Internet (e.g., social media) form the question of revision of the process of collecting, verifying presenting information, methods, and technologies for verifying facts, including methods for countering fake news. Although this issue has been widely investigated in academic discourse, there are still controversial arguments regarding which elements should form a tell-truth strategy. This paper focuses on recent research that reflects trends and patterns in this field and on the author’s empirical survey - interviews with university professors and media experts (N=6), journalists (N=6), and students (N=14) in Russia. In this study, the author describes the key characteristics of fake news and the elements of this tell-truth strategy. It is intended that this paper focuses on both professional journalists and professors who may use the results of this investigation in such courses as political science, sociology, philosophy, and journalism.

Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents and Its Determinants During the Era of COVID-19 in Taif City, Saudi Arabia.

Background Vaccine hesitancy is a growing concern worldwide, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to investigate vaccine hesitancy and its determinants among parents in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents using a validated and reliable questionnaire, the parentattitudes about childhood vaccines (PACV). Parents of children aged (two months to seven years) attending primary health care centers (PHCC) outpatient clinics were selected using a stratified sampling technique and interviewed to fill out the pre-structured questionnaire. Result The study included 301 parents, with 41.2% between the ages of 30-39 years and 25.2%% between 40-49 years. Mothers constituted 69.1% of the respondents. The most common sources of information regarding vaccinations were the doctor (34.9%), the internet (27.9%), and social media (16.6%). COVID-19 influenced the beliefs of more than half (52.5%) of parents regarding the importance of vaccinations. The median PACV score for vaccination hesitancy was 23.3/100, interquartile range (IQR) (13.3-33.3). The highest hesitation was among the age group of 30-39 years old (21.6%) and those whose beliefs were not influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic (16.1% vs. 5.7%) (p-value=0.003). The study found a significant difference in vaccine hesitancy rates between the different sources of information (p-value <0.001); parents who got their information about vaccinations from social media were more likely to be hesitant about vaccinations (40%). Concerns about side effects (93.8%), thinking that vaccines are not safe (84.4%), and thinking that fewer vaccines are needed (78.1%) were the top three factors influencing vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion This study urges promoting vaccine uptake through healthcare providers and combating vaccine misinformation on social media. Additionally, addressing safety concerns and misconceptions about vaccine necessity, and focusing on first-time parents, younger parents, and those with lower socioeconomic status are recommended strategies to improve vaccine uptake rates.

Integration of beef cattle international pedigree and genomic estimated breeding values into national evaluations, with an application to the Italian Limousin population

BackgroundInternational evaluations combine data from different countries allowing breeders to have access to larger panels of elite bulls and to increase the accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBV). However, international and national evaluations can use different sources of information to compute EBV (EBVINT and EBVNAT, respectively), leading to differences between them. Choosing one of these EBV results in losing the information that is contained only in the discarded EBV. Our objectives were to define and validate a procedure to integrate publishable sires’ EBVINT and their associated reliabilities computed from pedigree-based or single-step international beef cattle evaluations into national evaluations to obtain “blended” EBV. The Italian (ITA) pedigree-based national evaluation was used as a case study to validate the integration procedure.MethodsPublishable sires’ international information, i.e. EBVINT and their associated reliabilities, was included in the national evaluation as pseudo-records. Data were available for 444,199 individual age-adjusted weaning weights of Limousin cattle from eight countries and 17,607 genotypes from four countries (ITA excluded). To mimic differences between international and national evaluations, international evaluations included phenotypes (and genotypes) of animals born prior to January 2019, while national evaluations included ITA phenotypes of animals born until April 2019. International evaluations using all available information were considered as reference scenarios. Publishable sires were divided into three groups: sires with ≥ 15, < 15 and no recorded offspring in ITA.ResultsOverall, for these three groups, integrating either pedigree-based or single-step international information into national pedigree-based evaluations improved the similarity of the blended EBV with the reference EBV compared to national evaluations without integration. For instance, the correlation with the reference EBV for direct (maternal) EBV went from 0.61 (0.79) for a national evaluation without integration to 0.97 (0.88) when integrating single-step international information, on average across all groups of publishable sires.ConclusionsOur proposed one-animal-at-a-time integration procedure yields blended EBV that are in close agreement with full international EBV for all groups of animals analysed. The procedure can be directly applied by countries since it does not rely on specific software and is computationally inexpensive, allowing straightforward integration of publishable sires’ EBVINT from pedigree-based or single-step based international beef cattle evaluations into national evaluations.

Cara Mendidik Anak Dalam Islam

The way children are educated in Islam has an impact on their growth and role in life. Through this article, we examine the factors that cause the success of how to educate children in Islam focusing on the morals, manners and knowledge of children in the realm of the family. The type of analysis used in this study is literature search, or in other words called literature search. It is a problem-solving activity based on a critical and in-depth analysis of important library materials. Most of this research is done in newspapers and news stories, looking for different sources of information relating to the issue under investigation. This research method uses qualitative descriptive methods. The data displayed is categorized, displayed, and analyzed using a system of elaboration of the source's answers, This analysis involves contextualizing and interpreting the data that has been collected. The data are presented in this article in a narrative and descriptive format. The conclusion of this study on child rearing in the Islamic worldview is that raising children in the Islamic worldview is the duty of every parent. Children are a gift of Allah SWT to all parents and raising children in an Islamic perspective is an irreplaceable obligation of every parent. There are different ways of raising children in Islam, for example. How to teach the basics of Islam, give nicknames to children with good intentions, give affection every day and teach children to pray since childhood. Environmental factors, parental character and social environment can affect a child's education in Islam. How to teach the basics of Islam, give nicknames to children with good intentions, give affection every day and teach children to pray since childhood. Environmental factors, parental character and social environment can affect a child's education in Islam. The influence of raising children in Islam is to raise children with good morals and behavior, able to be filial and respect for parents, so that they become righteous and pious children.

Increasing knowledge of the transmissivity field of a detrital aquifer by geostatistical merging of different sources of information

Transmissivity is a significant hydrogeological parameter that affects the reliability of groundwater flow and transport models. This study demonstrates the improvement in the estimated transmissivity field of an unconfined detritic aquifer that can be obtained by using geostatistical methods to combine three types of data: hard transmissivity data obtained from pumping tests, soft transmissivity data obtained from lithological information from boreholes, and water head data. The piezometric data can be related to transmissivity by solving the hydrogeology inverse problem, i.e., including the observed water head to determine the unknown model parameters (log transmissivities). The geostatistical combination of all the available information is achieved by using three different geostatistical methodologies: ordinary kriging, ordinary co-kriging and inverse problem universal co-kriging. In addition, there are eight methodological cases to be compared according to which log-transmissivity data are considered as the primary variable in co-kriging and whether two or three variables are used in inverse-problem universal co-kriging. The results are validated by using the performance statistics of the direct modelling of the unconfined groundwater flow and comparing observed water heads with the modelled ones. Although the results show that the two sets of log-transmissivity data are incompatible, the set of log-transmissivity data from the lithofacies provides a good log-transmissivity image that can be improved by inverse modelling. The map provided by inverse-problem universal co-kriging provides the best results. Using three variables, rather than two in the inverse problem, gives worse results because of the incompatibility of the log-transmissivity data sets.

Enhancing global preparedness during an ongoing pandemic from partial and noisy data.

As the coronavirus disease 2019 spread globally, emerging variants such as B.1.1.529 quickly became dominant worldwide. Sustained community transmission favors the proliferation of mutated sub-lineages with pandemic potential, due to cross-national mobility flows, which are responsible for consecutive cases surge worldwide. We show that, in the early stages of an emerging variant, integrating data from national genomic surveillance and global human mobility with large-scale epidemic modeling allows to quantify its pandemic potential, providing quantifiable indicators for pro-active policy interventions. We validate our framework on worldwide spreading variants and gain insights about the pandemic potential of BA.5, BA.2.75, and other sub- and lineages. We combine the different sources of information in a simple estimate of the pandemic delay and show that only in combination, the pandemic potentials of the lineages are correctly assessed relative to each other. Compared to a country-level epidemic intelligence, our scalable integrated approach, that is pandemic intelligence, permits to enhance global preparedness to contrast the pandemic of respiratory pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2.

Assessing the Relevance of Information Sources for Modelling Student Performance in a Higher Mathematics Education Course

In recent years, most educational institutions have integrated digital technologies into their teaching–learning processes. Learning Management Systems (LMS) have gained increasing popularity, particularly in higher education, due to their ability to manage teacher–student interactions. These systems store valuable information which describes students’ behaviour throughout a course. These data can be utilised to construct statistical models that represent learner behaviour within an online LMS platform. In this study, we aim to compare different sources of information and, more ambitiously, to provide insights into which source of information is most valuable for inferring student performance. The considered sets of information come from (i) the Moodle LMS; (ii) socio-economic data about students acquired from a survey; and (iii) subject marks achieved throughout the course. To determine the relevance of the incorporated information, we use artificial intelligence (AI) methods, and we report the importance measures of four state-of-the-art methods. Our findings indicate that the selected methodology is suitable for making inferences about student performance while also shedding light on model decisions through explainability.

Understanding differences of the OA uptake within the German university landscape (2010–2020): part 1—journal-based OA

This study investigates the determinants for the uptake of Full and Hybrid Open Access (OA) in the university landscape of Germany and distinguishes between three factors: The disciplinary profile, infrastructures and services of universities that aim to support OA, and large transformative agreements. The uptake of OA, the influence of the disciplinary profile of universities and the influence of transformative agreements is measured by combining several data sources (incl. Web of Science, Unpaywall, an authority file of standardised German affiliation information, the ISSN-Gold-OA 4.0 list, and lists of publications covered by transformative agreements). For infrastructures and services that support OA, a structured data collection was created by harvesting different sources of information and by manual online search. To determine the explanatory power of the different factors, a series of regression analyses was performed for different periods and for both Full as well as Hybrid OA. As a result of the regression analyses, the most determining factor for the explanation of differences in the uptake of both OA-types turned out to be the disciplinary profile. For the year 2020, Hybrid OA transformative agreements have become a second relevant factor. However, all variables that reflect local infrastructural support and services for OA turned out to be non-significant. To deepen the understanding of the adoption of OA on the level of institutions, the outcomes of the regression analyses are contextualised by an interview study conducted with 20 OA officers of German universities.

Indonesian rice farmers’ perceptions of different sources of information and their effect on farmer capability

Abstract The diverse sources of agricultural extension information do not guarantee increased farmers’ capabilities to adopt agricultural innovations. Consequently, efforts to accelerate the adoption of agricultural innovations should pay particular attention to farmers’ compatibility with different information sources. This study aims to analyze farmers’ perceptions of various information sources about rice commodity innovations and determine the information sources influencing farmers’ capabilities in adopting rice innovations. The study was conducted from June to December 2019 through a structured survey approach with 270 rice farmers in Subang, West Java and Boyolali, Central Java, Indonesia, by using structural equation model analysis. The results showed that rice farmers had positive perceptions of government, private, and self-subsistent extension. The capability level of rice farmers showed that all indicators were significantly different. Farmers could improve their capabilities and sustainability of rice farming by adopting agricultural innovations. Information from government and private extension providers had a positive effect on the capacity and capability of rice farmers. The role of self-subsistent extension was more of a facilitator and did not directly affect the capacity and capability of farmers. Participatory extension activities are recommended as a form of intervention that can improve rice farmers’ capacity and capability in terms of technology adoption processes. The extension activities should be provided as a series, rather than one-off events, so that farmer knowledge accumulates over time through a style and pace to match their skills and level of education.

Discrepancies between self and caregiver perceptions of agency in first-episode psychosis

Personal agency—a key element of recovery from psychotic disorders—is formed and maintained in large part through interactions with others. Interactions with caregivers are particularly important in first-episode psychosis (FEP), as these interactions form the foundations for lifelong caregiving relationships. The present study examined shared understandings of agency (operationalized as efficacy to manage symptoms and social behaviors) within families affected by FEP. Individuals with FEP (n = 46) completed the Self-Efficacy Scale for Schizophrenia (SESS) and measures of symptom severity, social functioning, social quality of life, stigma, and discrimination. Caregivers (n = 42) completed a caregiver version of the SESS assessing perceptions of their affected relative's self-efficacy. Self-rated efficacy was higher than caregiver-rated efficacy in all domains (positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and social behavior). Self- and caregiver-rated efficacy correlated only in the social behavior domain. Self-rated efficacy was most associated with lower depression and stigmatization, whereas caregiver-rated efficacy was most associated with better social functioning. Psychotic symptoms did not relate to self- or caregiver-rated efficacy. Individuals with FEP and caregivers have discrepant perceptions of personal agency, perhaps because they base perceptions of agency on different sources of information. These findings highlight specific targets for psychoeducation, social skills training, and assertiveness training to develop shared understandings of agency and facilitate functional recovery.

Applications of Knowledge Graphs in Telecommunication Systems Management

Telecommunications systems management represents a technical challenge with profound economic implications. Many different sources of information must be integrated, and complex decisions must be automatically taken and executed. In this article, we review the usage of Knowledge Graphs in this domain since they are a powerful tool for dealing with data integration and complex knowledge representation. The main insights are that they have been applied in several areas of Telecommunications Management, such as resource/service discovery and monitoring, with a particular focus on Software-Defined Networks. Their main advantages are their extensibility and interoperability. However, data quality and graph performance are still challenges, and work is yet to be done for its application to the rest of the telecommunication management areas.

METHOD AND ACCEPTION CRITICAL ISSUE OF STUDENTS METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING IN HIGHER SCHOOL

The article analyzes individual techniques and technologies for the development of critical thinking. It emphasizes the need to create a space in an educational institution that will contribute to the development of independence among pupils and students, activity in the process of obtaining knowledge. In higher education, such methods and technologies as senkan, associations, brainstorming, project activities can be used. A common method is brainstorming. During the discussion, students collectively look for the best way to solve the problem. Senkan helps when working with terms and concepts. The method of associations opens up wide possibilities for fixing the material, establishing logical connections between objects, concepts, and phenomena. The project method is a more complex technology that requires careful preparation, time, activity planning, analysis of intermediate and final results. It is emphasized that in higher education these methods are effective when systematically used in the course of studying various subjects. Students learn to work with different sources of information, analyze, compare, choose, form their own point of view, select arguments in its favor, defend it. At the same time, they interact with the teacher, other students, specialists, discuss ideas, build their own strategy for achieving goals, plan their activities, analyze mistakes and shortcomings. The article emphasizes the importance of just such forms of work in higher educational institutions so that the learning process becomes a continuous process of researching the field of activity that they have chosen to build a career, as well as active knowledge of other fields of activity in the course of studying general educational disciplines.

A new data integration framework for Covid-19 social media information

The Covid-19 pandemic presents a serious threat to people’s health, resulting in over 250 million confirmed cases and over 5 million deaths globally. To reduce the burden on national health care systems and to mitigate the effects of the outbreak, accurate modelling and forecasting methods for short- and long-term health demand are needed to inform government interventions aiming at curbing the pandemic. Current research on Covid-19 is typically based on a single source of information, specifically on structured historical pandemic data. Other studies are exclusively focused on unstructured online retrieved insights, such as data available from social media. However, the combined use of structured and unstructured information is still uncharted. This paper aims at filling this gap, by leveraging historical and social media information with a novel data integration methodology. The proposed approach is based on vine copulas, which allow us to exploit the dependencies between different sources of information. We apply the methodology to combine structured datasets retrieved from official sources and a big unstructured dataset of information collected from social media. The results show that the combined use of official and online generated information contributes to yield a more accurate assessment of the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic, compared to the sole use of official data.

Trust in sources of information on COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic's first wave and incident persistent symptoms in the population-based CONSTANCES cohort: A prospective study

ObjectiveTo examine the association between trust in different sources of information on COVID-19 at the beginning of the pandemic and the burden of incident persistent symptoms. MethodsThis prospective study used data from the SAPRIS and SAPRIS-Sérologie surveys nested in the French CONSTANCES population-based cohort. Trust in different information sources was measured between April 6 and May 4, 2020. Persistent symptoms that emerged afterwards were self-reported between December 2020 and January 2021. The associated psychological burden was measured with the somatic symptom disorder B criteria scale (SSD-12). The analyses were adjusted for gender, age, education, income, self-rated health, SARS-CoV-2 serology tests, and self-reported COVID-19. ResultsAmong 20,985 participants [mean age (SD), 49.0 years (12.7); 50.2% women], those with higher trust in government/journalists at baseline had fewer incident persistent symptoms at follow-up (estimate (SE) for one IQR increase: −0.21 (0.03), p < 0.001). Participants with higher trust in government/journalists and medical doctors/scientists were less likely to have ≥1 symptom (odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for one IQR increase: 0.87 (0.82–0.91) and 0.91 (0.85–0.98), respectively). Among 3372 participants (16.1%) who reported ≥1 symptom, higher trust in government/journalists and medical doctors/scientists predicted lower SSD-12 scores (−0.39 (0.17), p = 0.02 and − 0.85 (0.24), p < 0.001, respectively), whereas higher trust in social media predicted higher scores in those with lower trust in government/journalists (0.90 (0.34), p = 0.008). These associations did not depend upon surrogate markers of infection with SARS-CoV-2. ConclusionsTrust in information sources on COVID-19 may be associated with incident persistent symptoms and associated psychological burden, regardless of infection with SARS-CoV-2.

An exploratory study on the 10-year dynamic changes of mental health policy development and media stigma reporting in China (2011-2020).

China has introduced a large number of national mental health policies over the past decade. However, few studies have touched on what changes the policies brought to the media. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stigma reports, classifications of mental disorders (SMI: severe mental illness vs. CMD: common mental disorders) and sources of information (mental health professionals vs. non-mental health professionals) from 2011 to 2020 in China Daily, an established official media of China. This study consists of policy review and media review. The policy review reviewed the media management content in Chinese national plans, policies, and laws on mental health from 2011 to 2020. China Daily news articles reporting mental illness-related topics were included in this study as the media material. After a two-step review, the eligible news articles were coded with a structured codebook. The proportion and frequency of stigma depiction of mental disorders, classifications of mental disorders and source of information were counted by year. Chi-test was undertaken to determine the relationship between stigma reports and different classifications of mental disorders and sources of information. An exploratory analysis was conducted to explore the changes in depiction around time points of policy publications. The number of anti-stigmatizing articles increased significantly from 2011 to 2020. There is a statistical difference in the proportion of stigmatizing codes between articles featuring SMI and CMD (χ2 = 44.56, p < .001) and different sources of information (χ2 = 78.49, p < .001). And the statistical difference remained over the decade. The results of the research indicate that the media may have alleviated the problem of stigma. But the subtle stigmatization still exists, which needs joint efforts of the government and media.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Yellow Meal Worm Larvae (Tenebrio molitor) on Performance of Broiler Chicken

Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) can sustainably increase productivity, improve resilience, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from agricultural systems. The current study aimed to establish the existing knowledge, attitude, and practice of CSA among smallholder farmers in the Isingiro District. An exploratory survey was conducted to collect data from 126 farmers randomly selected from three Sub counties. Key informant interviews were conducted with three extension workers for more information. Data was analysed using Stata 14 to generate summary tables and the Chi-square test of independence. The results revealed a high level of knowledge about CSA among the farmers, with intercropping and crop rotation as the most popular (99%) whereas rainwater harvesting was least known (71.4%). Farmers’ knowledge about CSA was significantly related to different sources of information and knowledge (P&lt;0.05). Farmers showed a positive attitude towards the use of CSA practices except for inorganic fertilisers with 45%. The dominantly used CSA practices were Intercropping (85.7%), mulching (75.4%) and the use of contour bunds (74.6%). Several limitations that hindered the adoption of CSA practices included limited finances, extension services, availability of CSA inputs, high prices of CSA inputs, price fluctuations and land scarcity, among others. The farmers’ awareness, attitude and practice of CSA were mainly shaped by their local knowledge with limited influence of technical knowledge. Furthermore, the practice of CSA among smallholder farmers is hampered by many limitations. Therefore, there is a need for policymakers to prioritise and enact pro-CSA-relevant policies that address the barriers hampering its adoption

Labor Markets in Contexts of War: Recruitment and Trafficking of Child Soldiers in Colombia

Objective/context: The article aims to analyze child recruitment as a form of human trafficking. Beyond the theoretical perspectives that focus on security or rights, it addresses the topic as a form of unfree labor. By means of a case study focused on child recruitment by right-wing paramilitary groups in Colombia, the paper analyzes how children entered and exited illegal armed groups, the functions they performed, and the exploitation they endured. The research argues that child recruitment operates as a large-scale labor-market uptake in the wartime social order, where the “employers” are paramilitary groups, and the labor force, in part, consists of children and adolescents. Methodology: This case study relies on different sources of information: a database on child recruitment provided by the special Justice and Peace Unit of the Colombian Attorney General’s Office (989 cases between 1981 and 2005), sentences of Peace and Justice, testimonials given by victims in judicial processes, and semi-structured interviews with different actors. Conclusions: The paper shows that child recruitment as a form of trafficking is functional to wartime social order in contexts of poverty and inequality. There is demand and supply; thus, both girls and boys, who worked as soldiers, are not only victims but also agents that make decisions in challenging conditions. Therefore, if the socioeconomic options for these children, even after their demobilization from the armed group, are still a choice between bad and worse, joining a violent (no longer “armed” but “criminal”) group will remain a feasible alternative. Originality: The article contributes to the academic literature on a recent topic, such as the overlapping between child recruitment and human trafficking in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. It also contributes to the literature on “unfree labor,” as the study focuses on an actor (illegal armed groups) that has not been analyzed until now. Finally, the research demonstrates the limits of understanding human trafficking (and child recruitment as a form of trafficking) as a problem of security or rights entitlement. It highlights the analytical and political advantages of categories such as “unfree labor” to provide effective solutions for the prevention and reintegration of child soldiers.

Knowledge, Attitude and the Practice of Climate-Smart Agriculture among Smallholder Farmers in Isingiro District, South Western Uganda

Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) can sustainably increase productivity, improve resilience, and reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from agricultural systems. The current study aimed to establish the existing knowledge, attitude, and practice of CSA among smallholder farmers in the Isingiro District. An exploratory survey was conducted to collect data from 126 farmers randomly selected from three Sub counties. Key informant interviews were conducted with three extension workers for more information. Data was analysed using Stata 14 to generate summary tables and the Chi-square test of independence. The results revealed a high level of knowledge about CSA among the farmers, with intercropping and crop rotation as the most popular (99%) whereas rainwater harvesting was least known (71.4%). Farmers’ knowledge about CSA was significantly related to different sources of information and knowledge (P&lt;0.05). Farmers showed a positive attitude towards the use of CSA practices except for inorganic fertilisers with 45%. The dominantly used CSA practices were Intercropping (85.7%), mulching (75.4%) and the use of contour bunds (74.6%). Several limitations that hindered the adoption of CSA practices included limited finances, extension services, availability of CSA inputs, high prices of CSA inputs, price fluctuations and land scarcity, among others. The farmers’ awareness, attitude and practice of CSA were mainly shaped by their local knowledge with limited influence of technical knowledge. Furthermore, the practice of CSA among smallholder farmers is hampered by many limitations. Therefore, there is a need for policymakers to prioritise and enact pro-CSA-relevant policies that address the barriers hampering its adoption

APRENDO: UNA HERRAMIENTA DE APOYO DOCENTE PARA LA ENSEÑANZA A DISTANCIA

This work presents the results of the feasibility test for the development of the digital tool “Aprendo”, for teaching practice, in the context of remote teaching and connectivism. Through this tool, it is intended to draw an overview of the profile or learning style of the predominant students in the classroom, which can help the teacher to use more specific didactic methodologies and practices, enhancing the results of the teaching-learning process. A qualitative-quantitative analysis was used, through the application of a survey (A) to 80 students of different educational levels and another survey (B) to 28 teachers in general. The data from survey A showed that 67.5% of students learn through examples and 56.3% prefer to correlate different sources of information. Regarding the structure of the classes, in 73.8% of the cases there was a diversity of opinions and 86.3% of the students stated that the participation of another person added something to their knowledge. This corroborates the principle of connectivism about the connection between information from different sources. The results of B indicated a favorable opinion on the development and usefulness of the tool for 100% of the teachers, since 96.4% stated that they would change their pedagogical practice after obtaining the results of the application of the tool, while only 3.6% declared that would not change.

Enhancing Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Decision-Making through Dombi-Based Aggregation Operators

The success of any endeavor or process is heavily contingent on the ability to reconcile and satisfy balance requirements, which are often characterized by symmetry considerations. In practical applications, the primary goal of decision-making processes is to efficiently manage the symmetry or asymmetry that exists within different sources of information. In order to address this challenge, the primary aim of this study is to introduce novel Dombi operation concepts that are formulated within the framework of interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy aggregation operators. In this study, an updated score function is presented to resolve the deficiency of the current score function in an interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy environment. The concept of Dombi operations is used to introduce some interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy aggregation operators, including the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi weighted arithmetic (IVPFDWA) operator, the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi ordered weighted arithmetic (IVPFDOWA) operator, the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi weighted geometric (IVPFDWG) operator, and the interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi ordered weighted geometric (IVPFDOWG) operator. Moreover, the study investigates many important properties of these operators that provide new semantic meaning to the evaluation. In addition, the suggested score function and newly derived interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy Dombi aggregation (IVPFDA) operators are successfully employed to select a subject expert in a certain institution. The proposed approach is demonstrated to be successful through empirical validation. Lastly, a comparative study is conducted to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the suggested approaches in comparison with current techniques. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to advance the field of evaluation and decision-making by providing novel and effective tools and techniques.