Method For Differential Diagnosis Research Articles

Comparative Study of Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosis Using Two Method

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diseases generally diagnosis referred from patient symptoms, Physical examination, x-rays, Scans, Biopsy test and blood test. In this paper comparative analysis of two different methods for diagnosis of RA has been done. First method deals with diagnosis of RA using image processing and another method was using non invasive bio impedance technique. During both methods synovial fluid level was considered as common based. Study has been done on impact of synovial fluid on diagnosis of arthritis using image processing and non invasive bio impedance method.

Modern tactics of observation the postpartum purulent-septic complications

Introduction.Postpartum purulent-septic diseases remain an urgent problem of modern obstetrics and are one of the important causes of maternal mortality. The presence of lethal proceeds from septic complications in the postpartum period is above all due to late diagnosis of this complication, delayed acceptance decision on the need and extent of surgery, inadequate capacity of syndromic and intensive care.The aim of research. The clinical analysis of different methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with postpartum purulent-septic complications, obtained during the period from January 2011 to June 2013, based on work of gynecological department of Zaporozhye Regional Clinical Hospital.Materials and methods. During the period from January 2011 to June 2013 in the gynecological department of Zaporozhye Regional Clinical Hospital specialized medical care of 30 patients with purulent-septic complications in the postpartum period have been provided. 5 women in labor (16.67%) were transferred from the maternity homes of Zaporozhye city and the rest (83.33%) from different regions. Results.All patients admitted to gynecology department of Zaporozhye Regional Clinical Hospital were conducted massive antibiotic, syndromic therapy. 11 additional patients had an operation vacuum aspiration contents of the uterus, and 5 mothers had absolute indications for surgery: hysterectomy with uterine tube (2 patients diagnosed - septic condition, 3 cases - failure scar on the uterus after cesarean).Conclusion. 1. Delivery by cesarean section surgery significantly increases the risk of developing pyo-septic complications. Prompt delivery should be made according to strict indications, using modern sutures , intraoperative blood loss objective assessment (if necessary with timely appointment of replacement therapy and anti-anemic ), with mandatory drainage of the abdominal cavity with repeated cesarean operations . 2. Using the entire set of clinical, laboratory, and additional methods (procalcitonin) study contribute to the earliest possible diagnosis of purulent -septic complications in the postpartum period . 3. Upon receipt of objective data for developing postpartum purulent- septic complications of a woman in labor is subject to immediate transfer to specialized hospitals of the 3rd levels of care. Optimal time transfer is 2-3 days postpartum. 4. Identifying patients with medium and high risk of developing of the pyo-septic complications should be performed on the stage and antenatal clinic surveillance in the family doctor.

Methods for diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever

Several different methods for diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) are proposed in this work. We show that the ELISA-based diagnostic kits based on CCHFV recombinant antigens produced by E. coli cells still possess a few substantial shortcomings that are yet to be addressed. In this work, we present the development of a unique CCHFV-detection system fully based on reverse transcription—a nested two-step polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our RT-PCR-based diagnostic kit for CCHFV detection is now commercially available. We also developed a simple screening method for samples potentially containing CCHFV, which is based on analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of amplicons and allows preliminary genotyping of the CCHF isolates.

Toxoplasmosis: The value of molecular methods in diagnosis compared to conventional methods

Zineb Tlamcani, Zohra Lemkhenete, Badre Eddine Lmimouni Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection due to Toxoplasma gondii an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. It is conssiderate one of the most common parasite worldwide. The contamination of the parasite is generally occurred via conssumption of infected food or water or, undercooked contaminated meat. Toxoplasma gondii infection may lead to serisous illness when the organism is contracted while pregnancy or when it is reactivated in immune-suppressed persons. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in humans is elaborated using various techniques such as detection of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, mouse inoculation, histological revelation of tachyzoites in tissue sections or smears of body fluid, but the detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA by molecular methods has revolutionized prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxosplasmosis and in immunocompromised patients. In this paper we will discuss the parasite and different methods of diagnosis including the usefulness of molecular methods.

Helicobacter pylori infection in patients undergoing upper endoscopy at University Hospital in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacterium that cause chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and can predispose the gastric cancer. The study aimed to determinate the prevalence of H. pylori infection by different methods of diagnosis in patients submitted to endoscopy. Of the 145 patients included in the study, were collected fragments of gastric mucosa for histological analysis, and for the rapid urease test. The breath test was also performed. The H. pylori infection was detected in 84 (57.9%) patients by histological study, the rapid test of urease was positive in 81 (55,8%) and the breath test in 62 (56,3%). There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the prevalence of infection by different methods of diagnosis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in our community was lower than that found in the literature for patients with age similar to this study (mean = 53.19 years).

Importance of Serum SELDI-TOF-MS Analysis in the Diagnosis of Early Lung Cancer

Different methods of diagnosis have been found to be inefficient in terms of screening and early diagnosis of lung cancer. Cancer cells produce proteins whose serum levels may be elevated during the early stages of cancer development. Therefore, those proteins may be recognized as potential cancer markers. The aim of this study was to differentiate healthy individuals and lung cancer cases by analyzing their serum protein profiles and evaluate the efficacy of this method in the early diagnosis of lung cancer. 170 patients with lung cancer, 53 under high risk of lung cancer, and 47 healthy people were included in our study. Proteomic analysis of the samples was performed with the SELDI-TOF-MS approach. The most discriminatory peak of the high risk group was 8141. When tree classification analysis was performed between lung cancer and the healthy control group, 11547 was determined as the most discriminatory peak, with a sensitivity of 85.5%, a specificity of 89.4%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 96.7% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 62.7%. We determined three different protein peaks 11480, 11547 and 11679 were only present in the lung cancer group. The 8141 peak was found in the high-risk group, but not in the lung cancer and control groups. These peaks may prove to be markers of lung cancer which suggests that they may be used in the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

EFFECT OF IRON OVERLOAD CARDIOMYOPATHY IN HAEMOCHROMATOSIS AND ß-THALASSEMIA

Iron overload cardiomyopathy is a serious complication and major cause of mortality in hereditary haemochromatosis and beta thalassemia. Excessive iron in cardiomyocytes leads to oxidative damage of the myocardium. The mechanisms that accelerate the iron overloading in cardiomyocytes should be fully understood to adopt the modes of diagnosis and treatment in order to improve the quality of life in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis and
- thalassemia. This article gives a review of the possible mechanisms that increase the iron overload in cardiac cells, the different methods of diagnosis and the available treatments.

Success rate evaluation of different methods in diagnosis of proximal caries

Success rate evaluation of different methods in diagnosis of proximal caries

Thyrocyte morphomethric analysis significance in differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma

BACKGRAUND/AIM: Conventional cytomorphology of thyroid cell aspirates is limited in preoperative differential diagnosis of follicular adenomas (FA) and hyperplastic adenomatoid nodular goiters from well differentiated thyroid follicular carcinoma (FTC) and follicular variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC). This is the reason of inaccurate presurgical differential diagnosis and in the same cases of inadequate operative managament. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of quantitative estimation of thyreocite nuclear features (cariomorphometry) in thyroid aspirated smears in preoperative differential diagnosis of benign from malignant thyroid lesions. A total of 48 patients with thyroid nodular disease underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy for cytomorphology, cariomorphometric analysis of the aspirates, and histopathologic explorations conducted fully postoperatively. On the basis of cytomorphology classification the patients were divided into three groups: benign (B), n = 8; malignant (M), n = 15, and suspicious for malignancy (S), n = 25. Using a microscope connected to a computerized video system, mean nuclear area, the nuclear area coefficient of variation (NACV) and anisocariosis ratio were measured and calculated. In all the 15 patients with cytologically malignant results the diagnosis of PTC was confirmed histopathologically. All cytologically benign lesions were confirmed histopathologically. Thyroid carcinoma was found in 15 out of 25 patients with suspicious lesions. The highest mean values of nuclear area were in the PCT (90.74 +/- 26.71 microm2), and were significantly different from all other groups (p < 0.001). The mean nuclear area in FTC was 69.20 +/- 27.31 microm2 and was significantly higher than in the benign adenomatous group (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in mean nuclear area between FTC and FA, but there was a significant difference in NACV between these two groups (FTC: 39.46% vs FA: 23.42%,p < 0.001). In 27 out of 30 patients with thyroid carcinoma higher values of NACV than 18% were found. Preoperatively cariomorphometry is a useful method in differential diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma from benign lesions, as a complementary method to convencional cytodiagnostics. The NACV showed highest sensitivity as a parameter of malignant thyroid cell transformation.

Statistics in Brief: How to Assess Bias in Clinical Studies?

The author certifies that he has no commercial associations that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article.

The value of different methods in diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis

Objective To investigate the value of different methods in diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis.Methods A total of 34 endoscopic biopsy specimens from patients with of intestinal tubertulosis were subjected to abdominal X-rays、colonoscopy、pathoassay.Results The positive rate of intestinal tuberculosis by pathological histology colonoscopy、TB-PCR、abdominal X-rays、PPD test were 82.6%,52.2%,73.9%,47.8%and 52.2%respectively.The false-positive rates were 9.1%、27.3%、18.2%、27.3%and 9.1%;34 cases among the pathological diagnosis in 19 cases(82.6%)were significantly higher than the endoscopic diagnosis in 12 cases(52.2%)(X~2=4.98,P<0.05).Conclusions The positive rate of diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis was not high,histopathological and PCR detection can significantly improve the diagnostic rate in patients with intestinal tuberculosis. Key words: Tuberculosis; Endoseopy; Diagnosis

Evaluation of diagnostic value of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test before and after eradication

Aim : To evaluate the diagnostic value of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test before and after eradication Background : There are different methods for diagnosis and follow up of Helicobacter pylori infection, including invasive methods done with endoscopy and non invasive ones such as UBT and urine analysis antibody. One of non invasive new methods is analysis of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen, used for primary diagnosis and post eradication follow up. Patients and methods : A total of 54 patients with epigastric discomfort referred to Taleghani hospital for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in this study. Helicobacter infection was confirmed with rapid urease test, culture and histological methods. Gold standards for positive infection were positive culture or positive RUT and histology. Patients with positive infection (26 patients) were treated with omeprazol, tetracycline, metronidazol, bismuth subsalsylate, for 2 weeks, and then 1 and 3 month later were reevaluated with gold standard tests and Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test. Results : Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test were 78.6%, 92.3%, and 85.2% respectively before eradication, 100% and 56.5% and 61.5% 1 month after eradication and 85.7%, 89.5% and 88.5%, 3 months after treatment. Conclusion : Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test is an excellent method for pretreatment diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, and also in 3-month follow up of eradication, but the specificity and accuracy were low in early period follow up.

Comparison of Different Methods for Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency in Avocado

ABSTRACT Iron chlorosis is a very common disorder of crops grown in calcareous soils. It is well known that the total iron concentration in leaves is not a valid index for iron nutritional status of crops and that the total iron concentration in chlorotic leaves are often similar or even greater than in the green leaves. In this study, we compare three extraction methods for iron deficiency diagnosis in young (two month old) avocado leaves: 1.5% phenanthroline (pH 3) extraction from fresh leaves, 1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) extraction from fresh leaves, and 1N HCl extraction from oven-dry leaves. Relationships between the total and extractable iron concentrations in the leaves with the leaf color were examined by linear regression analysis. These regressions were statistically significant for the total iron and in the case of all three methods tested. However, the correlation coefficients suggest that phenanthroline extraction from fresh leaves was superior over other methods for diagnosis of iron deficiency in avocado.

Evaluation of Different Methods for Diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis

Dirofilaria immitis, a common parasite of the cardiovascular system of the carnivores all over the world, is reported from dogs, cats and, humans in Iran. Knott method is the most common test for its diagnosis in many regions including Iran. In the present study, during one year period from 2002 to 2003, blood samples of 110 dogs were examined using modified Knott method and commercial antigen detect test kit (WITNESS CHW II kit). All dogs were subjected to necropsy to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of both tests. In Knott method, 22 harbored dogs (20%) were microfilaraemic of which (of the first instance), 20 dogs (18.18%) D. immitis and 2 (1.82%) D. reconditum. Accordingly, by using commercial antigen detection test kit 16 dogs (14.54%) were found to be infected with D. immitis. At necropsy 14 out of 110 dogs (12.73%) harbored D. immitis in the right ventricle of the heart. Thus, it was concluded that 6 out of 20 positive dogs with D. immitis were microfilaraemic and these microfilaria belonged to other filarial except D. immitis. To compare the findings with golden test (necropsy), the sensitivity and specificity of Knott and antigen detection test were 85.71 and 91.66%, 92.85 and 96.87%, respectively. McNemar test showed that although sensitivity of the latter was higher, differences were not significant (p > 0.05).

Sybthesis and characterization of oxazepine and oxazepane from reaction

Schiff bases were prepared prepared Baaan NMR to some elements of which have contributed to the results of different methods in diagnosis prove structural formulas of compounds prepared

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT METHODS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF P. FALCIPARUM MALARIA

Rapid diagnosis is a prerequisite for institution of effective treatment and reducing the mortality and morbidity of falciparum malaria. This study was taken up to compare the efficacy of various rapid methods viz, acridine orange, Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein II antigen detection and Field’s stain with traditional microscopy i.e., Leishman stain for diagnosing falciparum malaria. Thick and thin blood films of 443 consecutive patients with history of fever with chills and rigors were examined by Leishman and Field’s method. Acridine orange stained wet mounts of blood were examined under fluorescence microscopy. All films were examined by two independent microbiologists. Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein II antigen was detected using commercially available kit, Paracheck Pf. Out of the 443 subjects examined for P.falciparum 18.28% were detected by Leishman stain, 6.32% by Field’s stain, 18.28% by acridine orange and 18.1% by antigen based technique. Field’s stain missed 53 (65.4%), while Paracheck Pf was negative in 6(7.4%) of the Leishman positive samples. All Field’s stain and acridine orange positives were positive by Leishman, but five Paracheck Pf positives were negative. Leishman stain is cost effective but if facilities are available one should use acridine orange for screening. The antigen detection kits are rapid, simple and are useful but to rule out false negatives in clinically suspected cases, Leishman stain is reliable.

Evaluation of different methods for diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria

Rapid diagnosis is a prerequisite for institution of effective treatment and reducing the mortality and morbidity of falciparum malaria. This study was taken up to compare the efficacy of various rapid methods viz, acridine orange, Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein II antigen detection and Field's stain with traditional microscopy i.e, Leishman stain for diagnosing falciparum malaria. Thick and thin blood films of 443 consecutive patients with history of fever with chills and rigors were examined by Leishman and Field's method. Acridine orange stained wet mounts of blood were examined under fluorescence microscopy. All films were examined by two independent microbiologists. Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein II antigen was detected using commercially available kit, Paracheck Pf. Out of the 443 subjects examined for P.falciparum 18.28% were detected by Leishman stain, 6.32% by Field's stain, 18.28% by acridine orange and 18.1% by antigen based technique. Field's stain missed 53 (65.4%), while Paracheck Pf was negative in 6(7.4%) of the Leishman positive samples. All Field's stain and acridine orange positives were positive by Leishman, but five Paracheck Pf positives were negative. Leishman stain is cost effective but if facilities are available one should use acridine orange for screening. The antigen detection kits are rapid, simple and are useful but to rule out false negatives in clinically suspected cases, Leishman stain is reliable.

Numerical modelling of the turbulent flow developing within and over a 3-d building array, part iii: a istributed drag force approach, its implementation and application

A modified k-e model is used for the simulation of the mean wind speed and turbulence for a neutrally-stratified flow through and over a building array, where the array is treated as a porous medium with the drag on the unresolved buildings in the array represented by a distributed momentum sink. More specifically, this model is based on time averaging the spatially averaged Navier–Stokes equation, in which the effects of the obstacle-atmosphere interaction are included through the introduction of a distributed mean-momentum sink (representing drag on the unresolved buildings in the array). In addition, closure of the time-averaged, spatially averaged Navier–Stokes equation requires two additional prognostic equations, namely one for the time-averaged resolved-scale kinetic energy of turbulence,κ, and another for its dissipation rate, e. The performance of the proposed model and some simplified versions derived from it is compared with the spatially averaged, time-mean velocity and various spatially averaged Reynolds stresses diagnosed from a high-resolution computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the flow within and over an aligned array of sharp-edged cubes with a plan area density of 0.25. Four different methods for diagnosis of the drag coefficient CDfor the aligned cube array, required for the volumetric drag force representation of the cubes, are investigated here. We found that the model predictions for mean wind speed and turbulence in the building array were not sensitive to the differing treatments of the source and sink terms in the κ and κ equations (e.g., inclusion of only the `zeroth-order' approximation for the source/sink terms compared with inclusion of a higher-order approximation for the source/sink terms in the κ and e equations), implying that the higher-order approximations of these source/sink terms did not offer any predictive advantage. A possible explanation for this is the utilization of the Boussinesq linear stress–strain constitutive relation within the k–e modelling framework, whose implicit omission of any anisotropic eddy-viscosity effects renders it incapable of predicting any strong anisotropy of the turbulence field that might exist in the building array.

Hepatic angiosarcoma: a review of twelve coses

Objective Hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS), a lethal disease, is the most common sarcoma arising in the liver. Little information about the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and management of HAS has been reported. Increased familiarity with this disease will facilitate correct diagnosis and help to improve management of this condition in the future. The objective of this study was to describe cases of hepatic angiosarcoma and to discuss the etiologic, diagnostic, therapeutic features and prognosis of this tumor. This report not only serves to give more evidence of the relationship between hepatic angiosarcoma and carcinogenic exposure, but also demonstrates the key points in different methods of diagnosis and the optimal treatment of hepatic angiosarcoma.

Comparison of different scoring methods for assessing the nutritional status of hospitalised patients

Despite intense clinical research, no commonly accepted diagnostic tool for assessment of nutritional status is yet available. In this study a comparison of four different methods for diagnosis of the nutritional status of patients admitted to a university hospital in Austria is presented. Clinical data of 640 hospitalised patients were analysed in a prospective-descriptive study design. Four recommended methods, the Innsbruck nutrition score (INS), the Prideaux nutritional risk assessment (PNRA), the well established nutrition risk index (NRI), and the body mass index (BMI) were used to analyse nutritional status. The BMI showed 90.2% of the patients evaluated to have normal nutritional status, whereas the PNRA identified 48.9%, the NRI 40% and the INS 58.6% as well nourished. Patients were variously diagnosed with moderate malnutrition: 9% (BMI), 42% (PNRA), 54.8% (NRI) and 30% (INS). Severe malnutrition was detected in 0.5% (BMI), 9.1% (PNRA), 5.2% (NRI) and 11.4% (INS) of the patients evaluated. Cancer patients had the worst nutritional status. Malnutrition seems to be a common diagnosis among hospitalised patients in Austria. Screening and assessment of nutritional status should be integrated into clinical routine. The methods tested scored malnutrition at different frequencies. BMI seemed to underestimate the prevalence of malnutrition. The PNRA provided some information on clinical outcome, whereas the NRI had the best relationship between the degree of malnutrition and length of stay. Calculation of the INS may give correct diagnosis of severe malnutrition. Further prospective clinical studies are needed to validate the scoring systems used in this study and to provide accurate clinical diagnosis of malnutrition.