Different Forms Of Organization Research Articles

Anlagensicherung mit Mitteln der Prozeßleittechnik

AbstractPlant Securing by Means of the Process Control Engineering. The Process control engineering contributes in an important way to the environmental protection and to the plant security in the chemical industry. Due to their historical evolution and the different forms of organization the enterprises have different, but equivalent safety conceptions by process control engineering. These different procedures have been synchronized and the results have been formulated in a NAMUR recommendation. The contribution gives an information about the most important results of this work.

Ultrastructural and cytochemical investigations on the functional role of proteinaceous nuclear inclusions (PNIs) in chlorenchyma plant cells

Summary— Detailed investigations on the fine ultrastructural organization of different forms of proteinaceous nuclear inclusions (PNls) in chlorenchyma plant cells suggest they consist of the same elementary subunits. Previous high magnification of TEM micro‐graphs had shown that the amorphous type of inclusion (A) was mainly composed of elementary fibrils measuring 3.0–3.5 nm in diameter, with no orderly spatial arrangement. New computer image treatments of electron micrographs allowed us to establish that the 8.0–13.0 nm thick filaments — forming the fibrillar (F), crystalline (C) and lamellar (L) inclusions — consist of two elementary fibrils which are coiled in a helix with variable pitch, depending on the type of inclusion. A further secondary coiling of two filaments, about 8.0–9.0 nm in diameter, gives the 20.0–25.0 nm thick tubules which form the characteristic tubular inclusion (T). Correlating the distributive data of PNIs with observations on their ultrastructural morphology and with micrographs of partial aggregation or disgregation patterns of the inclusions, led to the hypothesis that the different forms are not different classes of proteins, but simply different stages of structural complexity of the same protein. To determine whether the intranuclear inclusion protein is nucleolar or nucleolus‐associated, cytochemical and immunocytochemical tests were performed on ultrathin sections or leaf lamina tissue in block. These techniques proved that PNIs do not belong to the class of argyrophilic proteins (AgNOR‐proteins), and particularly not nucleolin and fibrillarin, two of the major nucleolar proteins. Structural similarities to other plant inclusions, especially P‐proteins, and to animal and plant intermediate cytoskeletal filaments (IFs) are discussed with regard to the functional role of PNIs.

Ultrastructural and cytochemical investigations on the functional role of proteinaceous nuclear inclusions (PNIs) in chlorenchyma plant cells

Summary— Detailed investigations on the fine ultrastructural organization of different forms of proteinaceous nuclear inclusions (PNls) in chlorenchyma plant cells suggest they consist of the same elementary subunits. Previous high magnification of TEM micro-graphs had shown that the amorphous type of inclusion (A) was mainly composed of elementary fibrils measuring 3.0–3.5 nm in diameter, with no orderly spatial arrangement. New computer image treatments of electron micrographs allowed us to establish that the 8.0–13.0 nm thick filaments — forming the fibrillar (F), crystalline (C) and lamellar (L) inclusions — consist of two elementary fibrils which are coiled in a helix with variable pitch, depending on the type of inclusion. A further secondary coiling of two filaments, about 8.0–9.0 nm in diameter, gives the 20.0–25.0 nm thick tubules which form the characteristic tubular inclusion (T). Correlating the distributive data of PNIs with observations on their ultrastructural morphology and with micrographs of partial aggregation or disgregation patterns of the inclusions, led to the hypothesis that the different forms are not different classes of proteins, but simply different stages of structural complexity of the same protein. To determine whether the intranuclear inclusion protein is nucleolar or nucleolus-associated, cytochemical and immunocytochemical tests were performed on ultrathin sections or leaf lamina tissue in block. These techniques proved that PNIs do not belong to the class of argyrophilic proteins (AgNOR-proteins), and particularly not nucleolin and fibrillarin, two of the major nucleolar proteins. Structural similarities to other plant inclusions, especially P-proteins, and to animal and plant intermediate cytoskeletal filaments (IFs) are discussed with regard to the functional role of PNIs.

THE ORGANISATION of the MEDIEVAL TILE INDUSTRY

Summary: This paper looks at the organisation of medieval tileries, concentrating particularly on kiln sites thought to have produced floor tiles. Models for different forms of organisation are applied to excavated sites. the economic implications of changes in modes of operation are discussed.

What is the Role of Gender in Hysteria?

Abstract Dio Bleichmar E. What is the Role of Gender in Hysteria? Int Forum Psychoanal 1992;1:155-162. Stockholm. ISSN 0803-706X What is the role of gender in hysteria? Incorporating the concept of gender into the model of psychosexual development makes it possible to: (a) study the symbolic dimension of femininity; (b) position gender as a main representation of the Ego Ideal-Ideal Ego narcissistic system; (c) observe how these structures, and other Superego structures, follow different courses and achieve different forms of organization according to gender. The difference and specificity of father's seduction and mother's seduction is used to explain the difficulties in the declination of the Oedipus complex, and the repression of sexuality in girls (findings based on Laplanche's review of Freud's theory about the role of the adult in the origin of human sexuality). The importance of the father's sexual gaze for the development of feelings of shame in girls is taken into account. Some hysterical symptom...

The Dialectics of the Social and the Biological: Problems and Conceptions

A round table on the theme Dialectics of the Social and the Biological: Problems and Conceptions was held in 1985 in Sevastopol ' under the auspices of the local section of the Philosophical Society of the USSR. The topic of the relationship between the social and the biological in the development of man in society is an important one in view of the heightened role of scientific knowledge in general, and of social knowledge in particular, in implementing the CPSU's program for accelerating the country's socioeconomic development. [Its importance lies] not only in the way in which these two principles, these two contiguous but qualitatively different forms of organization and movement of matter—the biological and the social—are linked together in man and society, but also in the practical question of how both these factors are integrated in the process of forming the all-around and harmoniously developed individual.

Prolegomena to Inferential Discourse Processing

This book shows that in reading verbal texts human reasoning is responsible for the recognition and construction of different forms of organization. On the one hand, it spells out in what ways human thinking succeeds in recognizing the surface form of grammatical organization which is characteristic of discourse expression (termed ‘cohesion’). On the other hand, it makes clear which human reasoning processes are involved in the construction of the different levels of organization which are characteristic of text content (termed ‘coherence’). Much attention is devoted to the hierarchical relationships between cohesion and coherence. In line with these hierarchizing endeavors, this book also addresses the related problem of whether the reasoning processes involved in reading verbal texts are ranked in order of importance. This book lends much weight to the empirical control of its claims. It does not only consider the language processing activities of normals, but it also devotes a great deal of attention to the disordered language reception activities of schizophrenics and aphasics.

Organizing the poor

Piven and Cloward aimed to be provocative, but they did so by badly overstating their argument. They are too fair-minded to ignore completely the contribution and courage of organizers in these movements. In spite of their thesis, they pay occasional obeisance to movement organizers and exemplars. “There were nevertheless organizers in these [labor] struggles,” they acknowledge. “Some of these organizers were insurgents from the rank and file; others were radicals whose vision of an alternative future helped to account for their exemplary courage. Wherever these organizers came from, their vision helped goad workers into protest, and their courage gave workers heart and determination” (148). Nor can they ignore the role of organizational activists in the civil-rights movement. They seek exemption from the implications of this activity by noting that these organizations were not much concerned with building formal membership and were “cadre organizations.” But the idea of cadre organizations doesn't appear in the index, is introduced in an ad hoc manner to preserve their argument, and is never developed. In their account of the National Welfare Rights Organization, Piven and Cloward advocate a cadre organization, modelled on the successes of the civil-rights movement and of SCLC in particular (, 282–85). When Poor People's Movements goes from general thesis to specific case analysis, the argument becomes less provocative but more reasonable. Apparently, it is not every organization that discourages insurgency, aspires to create a mass membership and hierarchical bureaucracy, and is willing to sell its birthright for a mess of elite pottage. Some movement organizations' stimulate anger and defiance, and escalate the momentum of the people's protests. Some use their communication networks to spread disruptive forms of collective action and their organizational planning to chart strategy and timing, and to increase the effectiveness of collective action. Some institutionalize their dependence on their own constituency rather than come to rely on elite resources for survival. If some militant organizations later become tame and abandon their oppositional politics, other formerly docile organizations sometimes become centers of militancy - as the black churches and colleges did in the Southern civil rights movement. The intellectual task becomes the more exacting one of figuring out what types of organization are likely to facilitate insurgency or abandon their oppositional politics under different historical conditions. Poor People's Movements might be interpreted as providing one kind of answer to this question, an argument against mass-membership organizations. This is certainly a much less dramatic and provocative thesis. But in the end, an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different forms of organization is a great deal more useful to students of social movements than the anti-organizational phillipic that the authors offer us.

Recent experiences in project appraisal

The author examines the nature of the tourism industry and, within this context, defines what is meant by project appraisal and examines its composition. There is a variety of approaches to project appraisal depending on the varying objectives of the different forms of organization involved in tourism development. The underlying rationales of these approaches are considered and the strengths and weaknesses of each appraised to develop one that is objective and acceptable.

Imagery and the Recall of Connected Discourse

TWO EXPERIMENTS EXPLORED the effects of imagery and text organization on what is learned from reading a passage. In each experiment, all Ss read three different concrete prose passages. Three different forms of organization were used for the passage sentences. Instruction to the subjects required half of them to visualize the passage information and half to repeat it to themselves. Comprehension was assessed in experiment one by asking multiple choice questions and in experiment two by asking for written recall of correct text relations. Overall, grouping the substantive sentences pertaining to a particular object and its attributes into a single paragraph produced the best comprehension. Randomized text resulted in the poorest comprehension. Imagery was more successful for learning than repetition. There were also interaction effects between text organization and reading strategy. Regardless of text organization, imagery instructed Ss recalled significantly more correct text relations than repetition subjects. Imagery also resulted in a significantly higher level of inference making and in recall protocol organizations which were consistent with figural representations of text information.

The Measurement of Utilization in Health Care Programs

H~J EALTH CARE plans have enormous potenIItial for contributing to an understanding of the factors influencing the patterns of use of health care facilities and manpower, as well as of the relation between the patterns of delivery of care and the health of a population. Data in the files of health care plans can provide considerable insight into such questions as: What is the relative impact of different forms of organization, such as group practice and solo practice, on the utilization of hospitals? What is the relationship between the method of delivery of health services and the pattern of utilization? What is the quality of care provided in the health care plan? Are some types of plans more acceptable to consumers and providers than others? What impact does the use of allied health manpower have on cost? One of the keys to unlocking this great potential lies in the design of the reporting system for the health care plan. The reporting system must serve several purposes. It must be designed to foster good patient care. It must provide management with the informational tools it needs to maintain an efficient operation and control costs. It should foster research into the factors influencing the use of health care facilities and manpower and into the relationship between the patterns of health care and the health of the population. These several purposes are not mutually exclusive; rather they are complementary. This paper presents the concepts and principles that should guide the development of the reporting system if it is to fulfill these several functions. Instead of approaching the subject in the abstract, the framework to be used is a set of minimal tables prepared by an ad hoc group that grew out of a conference held in the spring of 1970. This conference, supported by the National Center for Health Services Research and Development, Health Services and Mental Health Administration, brought together representatives from six medical schools that were providing, or planning to provide, comprehensive health services (1). To the degree that these schools shared a commonality of purpose, the representatives believed that they should b. able to compile information that would permit a comparison of utilization of services and costs. The Guidelines for Producing Uniform Data for Health Care Plans (2) prepared by the ad hoc working group contain a minimal set of tables. These tables are suggested for use by any health care plan serving a definable population, Dr. Densen is director of the Harvard Center for Community Health and Medical Care, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Mass. The paper on which this article is based was presented by Dr. Densen at the Health Care Evaluation Seminars, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.,, Canada, in May 1971. Tearsheet requests to Dr. Paul M. Densen, Harvard Center for Community Health and Medical Care, 643 Huntington Ave., Boston, Mass. 02115.