Different Forms Of Activity Research Articles

The Effectiveness of a Role-Play Activity in Practicing EFL Learner’s Communicative Skills

Role-play activity is a teaching technique in EFL learners’ classroom that encourages students to actively participate in the English learning process. Role-play activity is interactive and can help students connect reality with books. In role-play activity, different forms of activities guide students to proficiently grasp English oral communication knowledge and improve their communication skills. This article mainly explores how effectiveness of using the three types of role-play activities in English teaching classrooms, mainly scripted role-play, semi-scripted role-play and non-scripted roleplay, to improve EFL learners’ communication skills.

LABOUR MARKET IN A TIME OF CRISIS. WHAT DO HR EXPERTS SAY ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE POSTPANDEMIC CONTEXT

For several years we are facing the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0 as it is also called, which puts its mark across every aspect of our societies. The job market is probably the sector which mostly has to defy the challenges imposed by new technologies and digitalization. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic majorely impacted the world and, implicitly, the work and the labour market. In order to keep their jobs safe, in a post-pandemic digitalized world people need to focus more and more on developing 21st century skills. The present paper presents an image of a digitalized labor market before and after COVID-19 pandemic, and focuses on how new technologies, which are more and more integrated into the labor market, affect jobs and force people to shift their attention over again to the development of new skills and competences. Qualitative research data was collected from HR experts in private companies from Oradea. We aim to outline the changes occured on the labour market before and after COVID-19 pandemic with focus on the digitalization of work. We investigate how much emphasis companies put on digitalizing the work, which are the new skills that managers are interested in for their employees, and also what is the strategy managers follow in order to train a highly qualified human resource for a digitalized world. Our results show that there are significant changes on the labor market due to digitization which has accelerated after COVID-19 pandemic, however the changes depend on the field of activity. Companies needed to adapt to the new post-COVID-19 context on the labor market and they restructured their way of organizing their work: technical unemployment, short work schedule, flexible work schedule, remote work. Employers are increasingly looking for candidates who have a good level of training in terms of their digital skills and the candidates themselves are more open to different forms of activities in the digital sphere. The technological evolution which defines the features of Industry 4.0 cannot and should not be stopped while the future of our society encompasses digital and technological development in a higher extent.

Design of health protection technology in the process of beginning physical culture for young students

In the past decades the world science has included the problem of health in its wide interpretation in the circle of global problems, the resolution of which predetermines not only the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the prospective development of mankind, but also the fact of its further existence as a biological species itself. Nation’s health is regarded as an indicator of the state’s civility reflecting the social and economic condition of the society. According to UNO resolution No. 38/54 of 1997 the population’s health is considered to be the main criterion of the expediency and efficiency of all the spheres of the economic activity without exception. Moreover, the experts believe that about 75% of adults’ diseases result from the living conditions they had in their childhood and youth.
 The problem of healthconservation and its purposeful formation in children andyouthhas an exclusive importance and topicalityin the modern conditions of the Ukrainian society development as it is directly connected with the problem of the state existence. In the World Health Declaration (May 1998) the stress is laid upon the fact that the level of state social policy efficiency can be determined by the level of its influence upon the health of the population as a sufficient level of health establishes a solid foundation of a sustainable economic growth.
 Analysis of the results of own and medical and social research in recent years shows a significant deterioration in the quality of the student youth. And this trend is sustainable. The issue of the health of children and young people should become a priority not only for medical employees who do not have objective opportunities to fully solve it, but also teachers. It is the latter that are called to form schoolchildren have a conscious attitude to their own health and a healthy lifestyle (HSL) and carry out propaedeutic work in the specified direction.
 The main function of out-of-school and out-of-class activity is creation of the most favorable conditions for forming the habit of systematic physical trainings. Classes are only the beginning of all complicated system of this process, which means training during the school day, out-of-class and out-of-school physical and health activity, self-dependent work.
 Increasing of effectiveness of the system of physical education at school depends on the correct organization of all the measures. They must be coordinated while planning with the essence of physical culture classes, promote learning of educational material that is predicted with the program. So, all the forms of physical education are united with the common tasks. For optimal solving of all the problems of physical education it is worth practicing different forms of activities by introducing physical-health measures while daily routine, wide pupils’ attraction to training in sport sections and workshops, popularizing of additional and optional classes.

Social Participation and Persistent Smoking Among Older Chinese With Smoking-Related Morbidity.

Chronic diseases are common in midlife and old age and smoking can pose more health and longevity challenges for older people with chronic illnesses. In China where smoking is highly prevalent, older adults are likely to continue smoking even after developing severe chronic diseases. We examined the national prevalence of persistent smoking among older adults. We also investigated the sociodemographic characteristics of persistent smoking among ever-smokers with chronic diseases and its association with social participation (of various types). We used data from a nationally representative sample of older adults aged 45-80 in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2018). Multinomial logistic and multilevel logistic models were fitted. The national prevalence of persistent smoking was around 24% of older men and 3% of older women. Among those with a history of smoking and chronic illness, younger, nonmarried/partnered, nonretired, or less educated individuals are more likely to continue smoking. Social participation is significantly associated with persistent smoking among those with chronic diseases, but the association differs across different forms of activities. Although the most popular but sedentary activities in China (playing Mahjong, chess, or cards) are associated with an elevated risk of persistent smoking, physical social activities (community-organized dancing, fitness, and qigong) are associated with a reduced risk of persistent smoking. Given the enormous burden of persistent smoking on individuals and society, public smoking cessation inventions should address sociocultural factors of persistent smoking and target older adults who participate in specific social activities.

АРТ-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ЧАСТИНА СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ

In the article, the author considers art management as an integral part of socio-cultural activities. The relevance of this problem is determined by the complex socio-cultural situation that has developed in our country in recent years. The transformations that took place during the last decades in the economic, technological, and social spheres were largely connected with the large-scale influence of the mass media, the expansion of intercultural contacts with different countries, the implementation of project technologies, the introduction of a market economy, etc., as a result of which the modern young a person is forced to change his worldview positions in relation to people, himself and the surrounding reality. In modern society, socio-cultural activities aimed at the preservation and transmission of cultural values, development, self-affirmation and self-realization of both an individual and a group of people in the form of their involvement in these values are gaining more and more importance, and today socio-cultural activities are an integral part of existence and active activity individuals, organizations, states. One of the most urgent is the problem of training future specialists in the field of culture and art in the conditions of integration into the global general education space based on art management technologies. The introduction of modern art management technologies into the system of higher education involves putting creative and productive tasks to the fore; «immersion» in artistic project activity with further processing of individual elements and actions; following the logic of creative tasks of growing creativity, cognitive and developmental significance; motivation for self-realization in professional activities, setting new goals and creative ideas. Target guidelines for the application of art management technologies in a higher education institution include: updating the subject content, combining in it different forms of activity, semantic spectrums and value orientations; providing students with opportunities for personal self-development, self-awareness in professional activities.

The role of values and involvement of young people in various forms of activity in the preference of the online/offline environment

The paper analyzes the role of values and involvement of young people in various forms of social activity in the preference of online or online environment. The relevance of such a research design is related to the need to determine the determinants of the preference for the environment of social activity in a situation of total digitalization of society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the role of values and realized forms of social activity of young people in the preference of the online/offline environment. The study involved 442 people, average age M = 21.82; SD = 6.23 (men — 33.5 %, women — 64.5 %). We have suggested that the preference for an online or offline environment may be due to involvement in various forms of activity and values, as well as their joint effect. The design of the study assumed the use of the regression method and the method of structural modeling. The following techniques were used. To identify the degree of involvement in various forms of activity, a modified questionnaire was used, built according to the type of direct scaling (Shamionov et al.), the analysis of values was carried out using the Schwartz’s technique “Portrait value questionnaire”, the degree of trust was revealed using the technique “Scale of social trust” by I. Yu. Leonova and I. N. Leonova. The determining role of the Internet-network and Internet search, leisure and subcultural (positive) and religious and sports and wellness (negative) has been established activity in preference to the online environment; sports and recreation, family, and household, cultural and mass, Internet search (positive) and protest (negative) activity in the offline environment preferences. The values of stimulation, power-dominance (positive) and tradition (negative) determine the preference for the online environment, and independence-actions, stimulation, tradition (positive) and interpersonal conformity (negative) — the preference for the offline environment. The joint effect of values and involvement in different forms of activity in the preference of the online/offline environment is revealed. The preference of the online environment in the implementation of social activity is associated with social distrust. The research results can be used to develop programs to balance the preferences of the activity environment.

Large-scale waves of activity in the neonatal mouse brain in vivo occur almost exclusively during sleep cycles.

Spontaneous electrical activity plays major roles in the development of cortical circuitry. This activity can occur highly localized regions or can propagate over the entire cortex. Both types of activity coexist during early development. To investigate how different forms of spontaneous activity might be temporally segregated, we used wide-field trans-cranial calcium imaging over an entire hemisphere in P1-P8 mouse pups. We found that spontaneous waves of activity that propagate to cover the majority of the cortex (large-scale waves; LSWs) are generated at the end of the first postnatal week, along with several other forms of more localized activity. We further found that LSWs are segregated into sleep cycles. In contrast, cortical activity during wake states is more spatially restricted and the few large-scale forms of activity that occur during wake can be distinguished from LSWs in sleep based on their initiation in the motor cortex and their correlation with body movements. This change in functional cortical circuitry to a state that is permissive for large-scale activity may temporally segregate different forms of activity during critical stages when activity-dependent circuit development occurs over many spatial scales. Our data also suggest that LSWs in early development may be a functional precursor to slow sleep waves in the adult, which play critical roles in memory consolidation and synaptic rescaling.

The concept of administrative control and supervision: Ukrainian experience and European approaches

In the publication the author considers the concept and content of administrative control (supervision) in the context of European experience. In contrast to the domestic approach, the doctrine and legislation of European countries mainly use the term “administrative control” in the opposite sense - as control over public administration, and not vice versa, as the administration’s control over society and its individual representatives. Such a definition of control (supervision) in Ukraine has a negative consequence in the form of combining within one legal institution two different forms of activity - control over the administration and inspections of individuals. It also leads to a distinction between inspection activities and the provision of administrative services. This loses the mission of the administrative body - either to provide services or to carry out inspections. These types of administrative activities are fundamentally different and can not be performed by the same representatives of the same department. There are such differences: - initiation of proceedings (in the procedure of providing services - a person, and in the procedure of inspection - the administrative body); - completeness of the necessary documents for decision-making (in the procedure of providing services - the list of documents is provided by the person, and during the inspection - the body independently determines the amount of documents in accordance with the law); - the need of involving other interested persons (in the procedure of providing services - it is preferable to involve interested persons, and during the inspection - such persons are usually not needed). According to the Law of Ukraine “On Central executive bodies” the executive body is formed as an inspection if only most of its functions are control and supervisory functions for compliance by state bodies, local governments, their officials, legal entities and individuals of acts of legislation (article 17 of the Law). Ukrainian legislation does not comply till now with this concept and allows inspections not only by inspections, but also by other state bodies (ministries, agencies and services). In this case, there is currently a nonconformity between the name of the public authority and the powers it exercises. To correct these shortcomings, it is proposed to change the name of this activity to “coercive powers”, “interfering powers”, “police powers”. Each of the proposed terms has certain advantages and disadvantages, but they all have a positive in comparison with the current situation, when the concept used is contrary to the European administrative and legal tradition. The analysis of the concept of administrative supervision and control in Ukraine and the relevant european experience shows the following conclusions: - inconsistency of the ukrainian understanding of administrative control (supervision) with european legal doctrine and practice; - the need for using of the concept “administrative control (supervision)” only for control over the activities of the public administration; - the need of implementation new term for inspections of administrative bodies vs. individuals. The best term will be “inspection powers”; - incorrect consideration of the procedure for providing administrative services as part of the control procedure.

СООТНОШЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ И УДОВЛЕТВОРЕННОСТИ БАЗОВЫХ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОТРЕБНОСТЕЙ, СУБЪЕКТИВНОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ФРУСТРИРОВАННОСТИ МОЛОДЕЖИ

The study of the ratio of meeting the basic needs, subjective well-being, social frustration and commitment to various forms of activity will help to understand the internal regulation of young people’s social behavior. Such scientific knowledge is necessary to expand the opportunities for social self-determination of young people and risk management of social activity. The purpose is to study the ratio of meeting the basic needs, characteristics of subjective well-being (life satisfaction and happiness experience), social frustration and social activity of young people, to identify direct and indirect effects using structural equation modeling. 305 people took part in the study. We used the questionnaire aimed at evaluating the inclusion in various social activity types, and the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (Johnston, Finney, 2010), the Life Satisfaction Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin, 1985), the Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky, Lepper, 1999), and the Social Frustration Scale (Wasserman, 2004). We have established that meeting the basic needs, life satisfaction, and happiness are associated with commitment to various forms of social activity. The highest level of determination (in terms of the number of correlations and the closeness of connections) was found in relation to leisure, educational and developmental, religious (positive) and radical protest (negative) activity. At the same time, satisfaction of the need for competence is the most im-portant in motivating different forms of activity. Civil, socio-economic, and educational-developmental activities are associated with social satisfaction in various areas (the content of their work, life prospects, services and medical services, leisure activities, etc.), and social frustration is associated positively with protest, radical protest, and only in one case (dissatis-faction with security), with subcultural activity. Satisfaction of basic needs accounts for 2 to 15% of variations in commitment to various forms of social activity, and life satisfaction accounts for about 22% of variations in social activity.

POLICIES FOR PRESERVING THE WORK ACTIVITY OF PEOPLE IN RETIREMENT AGE IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN BULGARIA

Demographically, aging of the world’s population is a fact that requires the implementation and development of integrated, active policies for the inclusion of older people in economic and social life. In response to this challenge, an international UN plan for active aging was adopted in Madrid in 2002. By adopting this plan, all EU member states are committed to contribute to active aging by integrating the rights and needs of older people into national economic and social policies. The European Commission formulates the concept of active aging as adopting a healthy lifestyle, longer labor market participation, later retirement, and retention after retirement. In recent years managers of higher education institutions in Bulgaria have been pursuing a policy of preserving the labor and intellectual potential of retired research and teaching staff. There are different practices and activities aimed at preserving this valuable resource built for decades. This paper outlines the main activities and evaluation of the effectiveness of the Mentoring Program for Shared Experience and Knowledge. This pilot program was implemented over a five-year period from 2012 to 2017. It involved teachers in pre-retirement and retirement age working in higher education institutions. Monitoring and evaluation of the different forms of activities included in the program were made. The benefits for all participants have been derived. The results and the analysis made support the initial suggestion that the program is an opportunity for gradual withdrawal from work activity, preserving social well-being and successful adaptation to retirement from active labor activity.

Проблемы и перспективы развития коммуникации в современном мире

The article is devoted to the problems of the role, place and importance of communication processes in the world community, the prospects of creating a theoretical concept of communication studies, providing effective interaction between different forms of activities and between the individuals representing them. The purpose and objectives of the research are defined, the modern approach from the position of system methodology is postulated. Means of communication, its means, technologies and processes, as well as structure, mechanism and form are consistently considered. In conclusion, brief conclusions are made.

FEATURES OF CONSTRUCTION OF MUSICAL-AESTHETIC SPACE AS A COMPONENT OF THE CULTURAL - EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF A COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL

There were analyzed the scientific ways for organization of the culture-educational space of a comprehensive school. The cultural-educational space model is presented as an integrity of spatial-semantic, meaningfully-methodic and communicative-organizational components. The basic directions of designing of development and structural components were identified. The attention was made on the specifics of pedagogical tasks, educationally-developing, extracurricular, leisure-developing environments. The features of the musical-aesthetic space as the components of the cultural-educational space of a comprehensive school where examined. It has structural elements such as: child individuality as the subject of education, different forms of activity; common principles of organization; new musical-educational technologies. New ways of musical-aesthetic space organization of general school were suggested. There were analyzed such principles of that space development as: sequence, systematic, purposefulness, pupil’s free choice of activity, optimal connection of different forms of teaching (frontal, group and individual), the positive emotional background formation. Educational functions of the musical-aesthetic space of general school were characterized. These are the spiritual and creative child individuality potential; compensation of its deficiency in child’s other life domains; upbringing of the aesthetic attitude toward music; positive emotional educational background creation. It was suggested, that professional training of future music teachers has to anticipate acquiring skills to master that space as well as purposeful using of its sources in the process of musical-aesthetic pupils upbringing realization.

Att vistas i arbetsmarknadspolitikens ingenmansland


 
 
 Swedish labour market policy faces major challenges . Sweden has a labour deficit and a very low unemployment rate at the same time as unemployment is high among young people and immigrants . Unemployed in Sweden with high thresholds to enter the labour market are referred to the local labour market policy where the municipalities co-operates, competes and negotiates with the Public Employment Service (PES) . The purpose of this study is to understand the organizational boundaries between PES and the municipalities and how these boundaries affects the local labour market policy in eleven municipalities . We have carried out semi-structured group interviews with managers . The boundaries between PES and the municipalities are vague and require negotiations regarding resources such as the unemployed, different forms of activities offered to the unemployed and economic resources . Clearer boundaries would generate condi- tions that offer unemployed people a strategic organization of the local labour market policy with enhanced co-operation and adaptation to common goals instead of competition and large amount of time spent on negotiating.
 
 

Polish Indian Hobbyists and Cultural Appropriation

Abstract This article attempts to describe the Polish-American Friends Movement (PAIFM) in the context of cultural appropriation. It first describes the history of the movement by linking it to the phenomenon of playing Indian, which started in the United States in the colonial period and then was transplanted to Europe in the late 19th century. Subsequently, it briefly presents the history of the Polish hobbyism movement in Poland, pointing out the historical, social, and psychological circumstances of its development. In the next part it defines the concept of cultural appropriation and its main types according to James Young (2010). The last part is devoted to a detailed analysis of different forms of activities of the PAIFM, especially the annual week gathering, as observed by the author during the 40th gathering of Polish Indian enthusiasts in 2016. Different types of cultural appropriation and an array of consequences resulting from such a positioning are discussed. In this paper it is argued that the negative undertones of the concept obscure the complexity of the movement as a cultural phenomenon and its multiple links with Native American cultures and their present political and cultural situation.

Rethinking Volunteering as a Form of Unpaid Work

This article aims to problematize the ways in which volunteering is presently conceptualized, theorized, and studied by positioning it as a form of unpaid labor. Over six focal points, the article highlights areas that deserve closer scrutiny: the question of when volunteering is work; the formal–informal and paid–unpaid distinctions of work; the notion of “choice,” especially volunteering as the lack of paid work choices; the assumption that volunteer work is similar to informal work; and a recognition that volunteering consists of many different forms of activities, not just one.

THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN IN THE LIGHT OF SELECTED INDIVIDUAL FACTORS

Taking into account the psychophysical development of a young person, a child in particular, attention should be paid to forming certain habits related to physical activity, health, nutrition, hygiene, and aesthetics during the preschool period as such habits will be of utmost importance in his/ her adult life. Physical activity of children affects various health parameters both today and in the future. Specialists draw attention to the correlation between physical activity and the development of the musculoskeletal system, body posture, the nervous, respiratory and vegetative systems. The lack of physical activity may result in cardiovascular diseases or obesity. These are just some of the reasons for which people need physical activity in their lives. Bearing in mind the lack of research on this issue, it was decided to conduct research on the physical activity of children (210 students) aged 4-6 attending selected kindergartens located in the town of Biała Podlaska, Poland. The level of physical activity of children was measured with the use of special devices, so called actigraph units (accelerometers in Polish). Due to a small size of this wrist-watch-like device, movements of children or their participation in games and different forms of activities in kindergarten were not hampered. On the basis of the collected data, statistical analysis was performed. Non-parametric statistical tests were used in order to identify the relationship between variables of the physical activity level and sex, age and weight of a child. Data analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the level of physical activity and some personal characteristics. The research conclusions, which will be helpful in providing effective education in the field of physical activity, were made available to kindergartens. Keywords: actigraph, accelerometer, kindergarten, pre-school child, physical activity.

Giftedness: A sociological critique from a rural perspective

This article interrogates the idea of giftedness taking a rural/spatial perspective drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu. We argue that Bourdieu's framing of gifts as social phenomena illustrates problems with the way that psychologically-grounded assessments of intellectual ability are constructed and promoted. We draw on narrative analysis to illustrate how attention to place-located social gifts can serve as a more robust and fertile foundation for framing giftedness as a social phenomenon. This framing, we argue, suggests the importance of inclusive school communities in which different forms of activity and conceptions of knowledge can recognize the located nature of gifts. We suggest, rather than exclusive programming for those students who are assessed as intellectually gifted, that schooling should support, celebrate and share the multiple gifts students bring to school.

The Palk Bay Fishing Dispute Revisited

This article takes issue with approaches to the dispute between Sri Lanka and India over fishing rights in the Palk Bay which couch the issues in terms of ‘legal pluralism’. It argues that in this context the concept of legal pluralism as dangerously anodyne, effectively marginalising issues of power. In this and in the wider context of South Indian fisheries legal pluralism presents specific narrow claims as if they were wider systems, and falsely reifies ‘tradition’ and ‘custom’. More generally, this article suggests that the focus on ‘fishing’ is misleading in two related senses. First, it equates two rather different forms of activity – small scale artisanal fishing where the owner and the operator are usually the same person, and capital-intensive trawler fishing where there is a distinction between the owner and the workers. Second, it falsely isolates fishing per se from other forms of economic life and fails to understand that the drivers which determine the ways in which maritime resources are exploited must be understood within that wider political economy.

THE SYSTEM OF STATE SUPPORT AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP BOTH FACTS INCREASE THE ACTIVITY OF ENTITIES IN THE INDUSTRY

Developments related to the devaluation of the ruble and the sanctions regime,determined the need to build and upload your own agribusiness opportunities. In recentyears the Russian government is actively supporting the agricultural sector and the wholeand its separate forms. But in a recession, not all forms of state aid can be usedsuccessfully object subsidies. The aim of the study is to analyze the dynamics of thevarious aspects of the agricultural business, as well as identifying the impact on theperformance of state support for agriculture. The author has studied indicators of thelevel of activity of subjects of agricultural businesses, such as the number of agriculturalenterprises, the volume of production industry, as well as production by types of farms.The study determined the volume of state support the various forms of entrepreneurship.In this work, an analysis was conducted periodic printed publications, statisticaldatabases, Government Decrees of the Russian Federation with use of methods of systemapproach, comparison, and statistical analytical method. The article evaluated the level ofentrepreneurial activity in the agricultural sector, which in the opinion of the authorconsists of two of the most significant figures - the number in the economy of theagricultural organizations of different forms of activity and level of production of variousorganizations. These indicators are given the opportunity to reveal that governmentfunding at this stage had a positive impact on the industry. The author noted the highimportance for the Russian economy of small agricultural enterprises, the level of statesupport in recent years has increased. Despite that, there were negative trends in theactivities of small businesses. Proposed a set of measures of state support to change thesituation. The analysis of the system of state support of agricultural business led to theconclusion of its imperfection. Known in the industry trends related to the devaluation ofthe ruble and the subsequent inability of small producers to use bank loans, not tomention allow high efficiency developed by government measures. The practicalsignificance of the study is that the results obtained and the proposed measures can be thebasis for a new public policy support for agriculture.

Activity trackers, prior motivation, and perceived informational and motivational affordances

A large number of activity-tracking devices have recently dominated the fitness world. These devices typically track different forms of activities and are argued to encourage more active lifestyles...