Different Doses Of Nitrogen Research Articles

Impact of Nitrogen and Boron Fertilization on Winter Triticale Productivity Parameters

Research related to fertilization in winter triticale cultivation was limited to macroelements. The effects of boron on triticale (deficiency or toxicity) affecting productivity are still unknown. In 2013–2015, a field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo near Olsztyn. The objective was set response of winter triticale variety Pigmej under the influence of various levels of nitrogen (N) and boron (B) fertilization. Five levels of nitrogen fertilization: 0, 40, 80 (50 + 30), 120 (90 + 30), and 160 (90 + 70) kg ha−1 and four levels of boron fertilization: 0, 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 kg ha−1 were tested. The experiment has demonstrated considerable differences in the grain yield volume and structure under the influence of various weather conditions and different doses of nitrogen. The difference between the highest and lowest grain yield was 1.7 t ha−1—53.6%. The effect of boron application was also manifested as an increase in the winter triticale grain yield and improved yield component structure, but the statistically significant differences were observed only in ears number per 1 m2. The highest dose of boron applied in the experiment caused a decrease in the quantity of grain yield and its component parts.

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on growth and yield of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) in subtropical climate of Nepal

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on growth and yield of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) in subtropical climate of Nepal

Production of nutrients in dual-purpose wheat pastures managed with different doses of nitrogen as topdressing – exponential model

The aims of this study were to evaluate the yield and composition of dual-purpose wheat pasture BRS Tarumã managed with various urea nitrogen (N) doses and validate an exponential model and compare nutrient production costs. The completely randomized design had four replications per treatment (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1). For the 350 and 450 kg ha-1 treatments, the cycle was 212 d whereas that of the control was 167 d. The control accumulated 1,771 kg ha-1 dry matter. In contrast, the 450 kg ha-1 treatment accumulated 7,011 kg ha-1 DM. Topdressing nitrogen (150, 250, 350, and 450 kg ha-1) increased the traditional average daily accumulation rate by 586% relative to the control. However, the degree-days method determined a daily accumulation rate 652% higher than the control. The levels of dry matter and other nutrients in BRS Tarumã wheat pasture were influenced by the doses of nitrogen in the topdressing under the same environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall). An exponential model explained the dynamics of nutrient accumulation and was based on the thermal sum of each nitrogen dose impacting the cost per kilogram of pasture produced.

Ứng dụng mô hình CERES-Maize mô phỏng năng suất bắp lai trồng trên đất phù sa ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long

The objectives of this study were to calibrate and validate the CERES-Maize model and simulate the response of maize growth and yield to different doses of nitrogen and organic fertilizers in alluvial soil. Field experiments were carried out from August 2015 to April 2016 at the Soil Science Department, Can Tho University to collect data for model calibration and validation. The calibrated and validated results showed that there were good agreements between simulated and observed data, indicating through the statistical parameters, i.e. yield (EF:0.85 – 0.99; RMSE:181.49 – 669.71 kg/ha; nRMSE: 3.87 – 12.13 %); above-ground biomass (EF:0.97 – 0.98; RMSE:672.91 – 942.80 kg/ha;, nRMSE: 8.01 – 10.39 %); leaf number (EF: 0.90 – 0.95; nRMSE: 7.81 – 12.04 %. Meanwhile, the simulated leaf area index was rather good agreement to the observed data, i.e. EF:0.69 – 0.82 và nRMSE: 15.65 – 20.47%. Maximum temperature and rainfall were the parameters having the highest sensitivity among the others.

Morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Urochloa species under inoculation with plant-growth-promoting bacteria and nitrogen fertilisation

Ineffective management of pastures still constitutes the main problem in the Brazilian livestock industry, in which recovery of soil fertility is a determinant for soil restoration. In this context and in combination with the adoption of sustainable technologies, the use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may represent an alternative to the use of chemical fertilisers that would reduce costs and environmental impacts. In this study, morphogenetic and structural characteristics were evaluated in three Urochloa (syn. Brachiaria) varieties. Urochloa is a genus that is present in the most degraded pastures in Brazil. The three varieties were inoculated with five PGPB (Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5 and Ab-V6, Pseudomonas fluorescens CCTB 03 and ET76, and Pantoea ananatis AMG521) and treated with different doses of nitrogen (N) fertiliser (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha–1) in pots filled with sandy soil under greenhouse conditions. In general, for Marandu grass U. brizantha cvv. BRS Paiaguás and Xaraés, the best performances for leaf and stem elongation rates and number of basal tillers were obtained with strains CCTB 03 and AMG521. For U. ruziziensis, the best performance in the duration and rate of renewal of leaves and leaf senescence was observed with strains AMG521, Ab-V5 and Ab-V6. This result indicated the specificity of the effects of bacterial strains on different genotypes of Urochloa. Differences in the interactions between PGPB and N fertilisation were also verified. In U. brizantha, interaction effects were additive, whereas in U. ruziziensis, they were competitive. The results indicate the feasibility of inoculation of Urochloa with elite strains of PGPB that positively affect the production of forage biomass and allow reductions in N fertiliser usage.

Impact of chemical and organic fertilizer on the yield and nutritional composition of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.)

A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effects of chemical and organic fertilizer on the yield and nutritional composition of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea). The size of the pot was 65.94 cm2. Different rates of compost, biofertilizer, gypsum was used along with the combination of different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer. N and P fertilizers were found to play dominating role to increase yield and nutritional composition of the plant. Number of pod (41.75), 100-seed weight (34.25 g), protein (22.15%), Ca (803.25 mg/ka) increased with the application of N and P 30 and 60 kg/ha, respectively which was better than all other treatments. The application of N30 + P60 kg/ha increased yield and nutritional composition of bambara groundnut.

Impact of alley cropping system on soil fertility

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of pruned materials of two hedgerow species on wheat production and soil nutrient changes at different nitrogen levels in the research farm of the Bangabandhu Shiekh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMARU) during November 2012 to March 2013. The design of the experiment was split plot, where two multipurpose tree species (MPTS) namely Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala were arranged in main plots and five different doses of nitrogen (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of recommended dose) with pruned materials were distributed to sub plots. Alley widths of both tree species were 6.0 meter. There were also control plots where full dose of recommended nitrogen was applied but no pruned material (PM) was incorporated. The soil chemical properties in the alleys consisting of G. sepium and L. leucocephala responded differently. Positive changes in the soil fertility in terms of soil pH, organic C, total N, available P, available S and exchangeable Ca, Mg, K and CEC of the top soil layer were observed in alley cropping system. Pruned materials application substantially reduced the nitrogen requirement for wheat production and 50 % Nitrogen fertilizer could be saved through pruned materials application. Among the tree species G. sepium seemed to be superior over L. leucocephala in building soil health.

Ecological plasticity of winter wheat varieties depending on root nitrogen nutrition in the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Purpose. Evaluate the adaptability of modern winter wheat varieties by environmental parameters and determine the level of productivity depending on the weather conditions of the year, the basic fertilizer system and the level of nitrogen nutrition. Methods. Field, statistical and mathematical analy­sis. Results. The results of studies of ecological plasticity indicators, homeostatic and yield stability of mo­dern winter wheat varieties depending on the doses of nitrogen nutrition against the background of the main application of N30P30K30 in the conditions of the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine du­ring 2016–2018 are presented. A specific response of varieties to doses of root nitrogen fertilizing was revealed depending on the development of crops in the autumn, the time of the growth-resumption in spring and weather conditions du­ring the spring-summer period. For the studied varieties, the indicators of homeostaticity (Hom) were determined, which made it possible to evaluate the varieties by their suitability for cultivation in the region. Assessment of the agronomic stability of the tested winter wheat varieties showed a high level of realization of the yield potential, which in the cont­rol variants (without fertilizer) was 86.7%. On the variants of root nitrogen fertilizing of plants at the stage of spring tillering (N20, N40, N60), this indicator varied from 85.6 to 87.4%. Conclusions. The highest yield (5.77–7.01 t/ha) was obtained from the variety ‘Epokha Odeska’ with a positive genotypic effect (0.16–0.43 t/ha). Varieties ‘Epokha Odeska’ and ‘Statna’ can be considered as intensive because over the years they had a higher yield and a pronounced reaction to growing conditions. Over the years of research with all types of ferti­lizers ‘Smuhlianka’ variety turned out to be the most valuable in terms of the smallest yield fluctuation (0.46–0.61 t/ha) and coefficient of variation (V = 3.8–5.2%), high values of homeostaticity (Hom = 11.57–15.93) and agronomic stability of the realization of the productivity potential (As = 94.8–96.2%). Moreover, the application of different doses of nitrogen did not affect the manifestation of the stability of this variety. In general, the variety ‘Smuhlianka’ turned out to be more stable and economically valuable in comparison with the varieties ‘Epokha Odeska’ and ‘Statna’, which had potentially higher productivity, but with its large fluctuation.

INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS ON GROWTH AND YIE LD OF HYBRID CAPSICUM (Capsicum annuum L.) IN ROOF TOP GARDEN

The experiment was conducted at the roof of third floor of Biotechnology department of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during October, 2017 to March, 2018. The two factorial experiments were laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Here, three levels of nitrogen dose N0: 0 kg N ha-1, N1: 100 kg N ha-1, N2: 130 kg N ha-1 and three levels of phosphorous dose P0: 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, P1: 50 kg P2O5 ha-1, P2: 80 kg P2O5 ha- 1 were used in this experiment. Growth and yield contributing parameters significantly influenced by different doses of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. The dose of N2 treatment gave the highest plant height (87.45 cm) and most of the growth parameters increased with increasing nitrogen levels up to N2 treatment. The dose of P2 treatment gave the highest plant height (79.45 cm) and most of the growth parameters increased with increasing phosphorus levels up to P2 treatment. The treatment combination N2P2 gave the highest fruit diameter (4.26 cm), fruit length (11.91 cm), yield of fruits plant-1 (200 g), average fruit yield plot-1 (0.81 kg), individual fruit weight (0.84 g) and average fruit yield (6.79 ton/ha). Based on the findings, it can be suggested that the combined use of 130 kg N ha-1 with 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 increased plant growth and fruit yield of chili in rooftop garden. It is apparent that growth and yield of Capsicum annuum may be increased by using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer except loses through leaching or other factors.

Management of Nitrogenous Fertilization in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Growth and Production

Aims: The objective of present study was to evaluate the efficiency of the use of different doses of nitrogen (N) applied in part to the growth and production of sesame.
 Study Design: The design used was in random blocks, arranged in factor 9 × 3 scheme, with five repetitions and ten plants per experimental unit.
 Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted from June to September 2018 at Experimental Chã-de-Jardim Farm, Center of Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of Paraíba, municipality of Areia, Paraíba, Brazil.
 Methodology: The treatments consisted nine doses of nitrogen (0; 10; 20; 30; 40; 50; 100; 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three forms of installment (P1 = 50% in foundation and 50% in cover thirty days after sowing (DAS); P2 = 33.3% on foundation, 33.3% for fifteen DAS and 33.3% for coverage; P3 = 25% for foundation, 25% for fifteen DAS, 25% for coverage and 25% for 45 DAS). The parameters were evaluated: plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), sheet number (SN), number of capsules (NC), productivity of grain (PG) and mass of 1000 grains (M1000).
 Results: There was an increase in plant height when N was less fragmented, with a maximum height of 137.7 cm at a dose of 92.05 kg ha-1 of N. The diameter of the stem and the number of leaves increased linearly as a result of the increase in N doses. The doses of N applied only on foundation (50%) and coverage (50%) promoted an increase in the number of capsules, with a maximum of 199.7 units referring to the application of 212.75 kg ha-1 of N. Grain productivity was increased with an increase in the application of N, for the three splitting forms, up to a dose of maximum efficiency, followed by a subsequent decrease.
 Conclusion: The increase in the portioning of nitrogen fertilization promotes lower growth of sesame plants. The application of 183.5 kg ha-1 of N, 50% on foundation and 50% on coverage, provides higher productivity of sesame grains (1541.3 kg ha-1).

Productivity and establishment of DRIS indexes for cultivation of potato cultivar Asterix tubers in a dystrophic Red Latosol

The potato culture has the highest relative demand for fertilizers per unit area, around 2.3 to 2.8 t ha-1. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of a potato Asterix cultivar subjected to different doses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and to establish the DRIS index according to productivity results. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 5 rates and 4 replicates for each nutrient totalizing 20 plots per experiment. The rates of nutrients were: nitrogen (0, 70, 140, 210 and 240 Kg ha-1); phosphorus (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 kg ha-1) and potassium (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg ha-1). For leaf diagnosis by the DRIS index, 10 complete leaves of the third expanded trifoliate were collected. The DRIS standards calculations were based on populations of high productivity (or reference) and low productivity. Plants whose productivities were greater than 22 t ha-1 represented the groups of reference. It was concluded that productivity was not influenced by the P and K doses studied, with an increase in yield of tubers as a function of the N rates applied, up to the dose of 173 kg ha-1 of N. According to the DRIS index, it is possible to establish the order of limiting nutrients for failure in descending order in areas with high productivity Ca> Mn> P> S> Zn = Cu> K> N> B> Fe> Mg, and the order of limiting nutrients in areas of low productivity Ca> Cu> Mg> P> S> Mn> Zn> K> Fe = B> N. The results showed that productions above 22 t ha-1 need adjustments of the soil fertility managements.

Produtividade de capim Paiaguás sob doses de nitrogênio e cortes

The objective of this work was to evaluate the dry mass production and other agronomic characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Paiaguás in different doses of nitrogen (N), in the third year of production. The experiment was carried out at the State University of Mato Grosso, in Tangará da Serra - MT, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks (DBC), with six treatments (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg/ha of N) and four replications. Four cuts were performed and analyzed the variables plant height (AP), number of tillers/m² (NP), dry mass/tiller (MSP), number of leaves/tiller (NFP), percentage of dry mass (%MS), leaf ratio: high (RFC), production of green mass/ha (MV), production of dry mass/ha (MS), dry mass of leaves/ha (MSF), dry mass of stems/ha (MSC), dry mass of senescent material/ha (MSMS). Data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and, when they showed significance, the regression analysis was performed with the ASSISTAT program. Plant height, number of tillers/m2, green mass and dry mass/ha, leaf dry mass, stems dry mass and dry mass of senescent material/ha of Paiaguás grass, differed statistically and increased with the addition of nitrogen doses up to 250 kg/ha of N. The percentage of dry mass reduced with the increase of the nitrogen doses. The variables number of leaves/tiller, dry mass/tiller and leaf ratio: high did not respond to the doses of N. Thus, it is concluded that nitrogen doses significantly increase the productive characteristics of B. brizantha cv. Paiaguás, in the third year of production, with satisfactory results in the dose of 200 kg/ha of N.

Production of annual ryegrass with different doses of nitrogen fertilization in topdressing

The objective of this study was to assess the growth of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cv. BRS Ponteio with different doses of nitrogen applied in the pasture, thereby adjusting their growth to the exponential growth model. A randomized block design was used with five nitrogen application rates (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1) and four replicates, applied in installments. Each plot measured 9 m2. On April 15, 2014, 25 kg ha-1 of viable pure seeds of annual ryegrass were sown at a depth of 0.02 m, in 18 rows spaced at 0.17 m in each plot. Growth in the control treatment (zero nitrogen) pasture lasted 167 days with only three cuts, whereas in pastures treated with 350 and 450 kg N ha-1, growth was extended for an additional 45 days with a 333% increase in the number of cuts. The pastures were used for the same duration (188 days) in the treatments with 150 and 250 kg N ha-1, however, increased nitrogen resulted in two additional cuts and a shorter time interval between cuts. The time interval between each cut and the degree-days interacted dynamically causing distinct growth. Growth of the annual ryegrass BRS Ponteio without nitrogen application is poor and cannot be represented even by a first order linear model. The application of nitrogen topdressing, in the form of urea, decreases the time interval between cuts, increases the dry matter production per hectare, stimulates this production, and follows the exponential growth model.

Nitrogen Doses and Humic Substances in Custard Apple Nutrition

Custard apple production (Annona squamosa L.) in the Brazilian Northeast occurs throughout the year. Its management involves pruning, irrigation, and proper nutrition. The objective of the present work was to verify the influence of different doses of nitrogen and the use of humic substances on soil chemical attributes and tree custard apple nutrition. The experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard in the municipality of Anagé, Southwest region of the state of Bahia, in a randomized block design in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, four nitrogen doses (0, 284, 568 and 852 g per plant, urea) with and without the application of humic substances (Ks100), with 4 replicates. Soil chemical characteristics, macro and micronutrient contents were evaluated in the leaves of the custard apple tree. Nitrogen rates reduced soil pH and the availability of calcium, magnesium and boron. The application of humic substances increased the content of potassium in leaves. Under the conditions studied, high nitrogen doses influence soil fertility and the application of humic substances does not improve the absorption of most of the nutrients, except potassium, and it did not influence the chemical attributes of the soil.

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on nitrogen fixation and yield of lentil using tracer technique

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on nitrogen fixation and yield of lentil using tracer technique

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on nitrogen fixation and yield of lentil using tracer technique

Legumes play a predominant role in nitrogen cycling having the unique features of biological nitrogen fixation. An experiment was conducted to estimate yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and the proportion of nitrogen fixation in plant segments i.e. roots, shoots, leafs and seeds of lentil. Three treatments such as 0 kg/ha, 11.5 kg/ha and 25.3 kg/ha were used in this experiment. The highest dry matter yield obtained were 43.44 kg/ha, 2677 kg/ha, 1450 kg/ha and 1604 kg/ha at roots, shoots, leaves and seeds respectively with the treatment 11.5 kg/ha N level. 15N labelled urea was applied to wheat and lentil at 5% 15N atom excess. The total nitrogen content in lentil was found 8.39 % with an average yield of 104.5 kg N/ha whereas it was 1.95% with an average yield of 102.8 kg N/ha in case of wheat. Nitrogen derived from fertilizer in lentil was 1.173% with an average fertilizer N yield of 12.085 kg/ha whereas it was 7.538% with an average yields of 223.16 kg N/ha in wheat. Lentil fixed around 85% of its required nitrogen from atmosphere through biological fixation and a minimal amount of 14.387% of nitrogen was drawn from soil source. Nitrogen use efficiency in seed was 110.1 % in lentil and 36.22% in wheat which were much higher than the other plant segments in both cases.

English

The objective of the present work is to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen combined with different doses of A. brasilense in the agronomic characteristics of wheat. The experiment was conducted in Curuguaty, Paraguay in 2017 and the variety used was Caninde 11. The experimental design is a completely randomized block with factorial ordering and four repetitions. The treatments are a combination of: three doses of N, 0, 40, 80 kg ha-1 and 4 doses of A. brasilense, 0, 700, 1000 and 1300 mg kg-1 of wheat seeds. The variables analyzed were plant height, number of spikes per plant, thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight and yield. With the exception of plant height, significant interaction between treatments was observed in all variables. Inoculation with 1300 mg kg-1 of A. brasilense associated with the application of 130 kg N ha-1 promotes the highest yields of wheat grains. Key words: Triticum aestivum, dystrophic bacterium, winter cereal.

EMERGÊNCIA E CRESCIMENTO DE PLÂNTULAS DE MAMONA, LINHAGEM UFRB 222, SOB ADUBAÇÃO MINERAL

Um experimento foi conduzido em estufa, na UFCG, com plântulas de mamona (Ricinus communis L.), linhagem UFRB 222, para avaliar os efeitos do nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio na emergência e crescimento das mesmas até aos 40 dias após o semeio. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições e quatorze tratamentos, em distribuição de matriz baconiana, com as doses de referência: 50:300:150 kg ha-1 de N:P2O5:K2O. A adubação com fósforo e potássio foi realizada em fundação e com o nitrogênio, após 20 DAS. A emergência das plântulas teve início no sexto DAS e continuou até o décimo terceiro dia. Dados sobre altura das plantas, diâmetro caulinar, número de folhas e área foliar foram analisados aos 40 DAS. Neste período, estas características da planta responderam positivamente às dosagens de fósforo até 450 kg ha-1 e não responderam às dosagens de nitrogênio e potássio. As adubações com fósforo e potássio influenciaram negativamente o índice de velocidade de emergência e a porcentagem de emergência das sementes de mamoneira. E, finalmente, as plantas adubadas, independentes das dosagens e do tipo de adubo, foram mais bem desenvolvidas do que as não adubadas.

Effect of different doses of nitrogen on growth and yield parameters of radish (Raphanus sativus l.) in mid-hills of Nepal

The optimization of nitrogen application for root crops like radish is important for attaining the optimum growth and yield Therefore the present study was carried out nbsp at Horticulture Research Farm of IAAS Tribhuwan University to evaluate the effect of six different nbsp levels kg kg kg kg kg and kg ha of Nitrogen on growth and yield parameters of radish The results showed that the higher level of nitrogen has no any significant effect on some parameters such as number of leaves at DAS leaf length leaf breadth and root diameter however increased doses of nitrogen showed highly significant relationship with the number of leaves at DAS root length at DAS root weight at amp DAS The maximum number of leaves root length at DAS cm root weight at DAS g root weight at DAS g were recorded when N was applied and kg per hectare respectively

Response of Amaranthus cruentus cv Mexicano to nitrogen fertilization under irrigation in the temperate, semiarid climate of North Patagonia, Argentina

This article explores the response of three genotypes of Amaranthus to different sowing date and to different doses of nitrogen (N) fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replicates for cultivars, planting date and fertilization per treatment. Mexicano sown in early December had the best yield (5285 kg ha-1) with highly significant differences (p < 0.001) respect to Dorado and Antorcha. To assess the N fertilization Mexicano cultivar was sown at the end of spring (1 December). Morphophysiological variables increased as the N fertilization dose was raised. Higher doses of N fertilizer resulted in greater economic yields this was mainly due to the increase in grain number rather than that of a 1000 grain weight. The results of this investigation suggest that sowing Amaranthus cruentus cv Mexicano on 1 December with 150 kg N ha−1 favors its general development and allows to obtain high economic and biological yields with an appropriate protein content.