Different Concentrations Of IBA Research Articles

Processing browning and increasing multiplication and rotting of Peach rootstock cv. Garnem by using antioxidants and plant growth regulators in vitro

The study aimed to find an accurate propagation program for the rootstock of peach Prunus persica cv. Garnem. The apical shoots and nodes of this rootstock were used as explants for the stages of initiation and multiplication, and they were planted on MS medium after adding different concentrations of Active Charcoal (AC), Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP), and Benzyl adenine (BA). The shoots were planted for the purpose of rooting on MS medium containing different concentrations of salts (1/4 MS, 1/2 MS and full MS salts) with different concentrations of IBA. In the establishment phase, the apical shoots grown on medium supplied with AC were given the highest response rate, the highest average length of plantlet, and the highest number of leaves. The best multiplication of explants in terms of the number of shoots and their length were obtained when cultivated on a medium supplemented with BA at 1 and 2 mg.L-1, whereas the application of BA at 1 mg. L-1 to the cultivated nodes gave the highest number of leaves. The best rooting percent was obtained when plantlets were s treated with 2 mg. L-1 was applied to 1/4 MS medium. The highest number of roots was obtained from plantlets grown in 1/2 MS medium treated with IBA at 3 mg.L-1, whereas the longest root was obtained from plantlets grown in 1/2 MS medium treated with 1 mg.L-1IBA.

Efficacy of Different Concentrations of IBA and NAA on Growth of Hardwood Cuttings of Fig (Ficus carica L.) cv Dinkar

An investigation was conducted to know the influence of growth hormones on shoot growth in hardwood cuttings of fig (Ficus carica L.). The experiment was set up in RBD having thirty cuttings with three replications treated with different concentrations of growth hormones viz., T1 (IBA 1000 ppm), T2 (IBA 2000 ppm), T3 (NAA 1000 ppm), T4 (NAA 2000 ppm), T5 (IBA 1000 ppm + NAA 1000 ppm), T6 (IBA 2000 ppm + NAA 2000 ppm) along with control. Present study revealed earliest sprouting, maximum shoot diameter, shoot length and number of leaves, fresh and dry weights shoot with T6 (IBA 2000 ppm + NAA 2000 ppm). On the basis of findings of this study fig hardwood cuttings treated with IBA 2000 ppm + NAA 2000 ppm under the shade house conditions can be recommended to nursery growers and researchers to obtain desirable shoot growth under Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh.

Stimulatory Effect of Indole – 3 – Butyric Acid and Rooting Media on Adventitious Rooting in Epipremnum Aureum ‘Marble Queen’ Stem Cuttings

Epipremnum aureum 'Marble Queen' has high demand in the floriculture industry and is propagated commercially using single nodal stem cuttings. In the floriculture industry, they are exported as rooted and unrooted cuttings. Two experiments were conducted to determine the rooting performance of 'Marble Queen' cuttings for both rooted and unrooted export purposes. Experiment one tested the rooting performances of unrooted cuttings after an export simulation (48-hour cold storage at 21°C). In experiment two, the effect of rooting media and IBA was evaluated to produce rooted cuttings. Two different rooting media (coir dust and oasis) and four different concentrations of IBA (0 mg·L-1, 250 mg·L-1, 500 mg·L-1, and 1000 mg·L-1) were tested. Rooting media showed the most significant effects on the rooting of 'Marble Queen' cuttings. Coir dust medium reported the highest number of roots per cutting, root-to-shoot ratio, and average root diameter. Minimum days to bud and root initiation and a higher number of leaf buds were observed in the oasis medium. Early rooting and a higher number of roots were observed with the application of 500 mg·L-1 IBA. The use of an appropriate rooting medium and optimum concentration of IBA would help in the rapid propagation of 'Marble Queen' cuttings. Applying 500 mg·L-1 IBA in the oasis medium was more efficient in early rooting and shoot growth of 'Marble Queen' cuttings. Coir dust medium, along with 500 mg·L-1 IBA, was most suitable for the efficient growth and development of 'Marble Queen' cuttings.

Effect of 2,4-D and NAA in Callus Induction and Differentiation from Different Explants of Moringa Oleifera Lam

This study was carry out in the Laboratory of Plant Cells and Tissue Culture / Department of Forestry Sciences in the College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul during the year 2021-2022 to study the effect of adding different concentrations of 2,4-Dichloro-Phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) or Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) to the MS medium in the induction of callus from different parts of the Moringa oleifera Lam. and then study the effect of different concentrations of 6-Benzyladenine (BA) and Kinetin (Kin) on the differentiation of callus into buds and embryogenesis. Concerning callus induction, the results showed that 2,4-D or NAA in the nutrient medium was necessary after three weeks of cultivation 2,4-D was superior to NAA in the percentage of callus induction, as callus induction occurred by 100% of the explants cultured in the media supplemented with 0.1 mg.l−1 2,4-D. On the other hand, the parts (apical buds, single node, parts of the leaf blade, epicotyl, cotyledon, hypocotyl) differed significantly among themselves in the percentage of their ability on callus induction, as the cotyledons gave the highest rate of induction, amounting to 80%. The shoots resulting from the callus rooted after four weeks of cultivation in media supplemented with different concentrations of IBA at a rate of 100%, regardless of the concentration of IBA. The study proved the existence of a genetic match between the mother plants and the plants produced from the callus induction from them.

Effect of Different Concentrations of Auxin Hormone (IBA) Upon Promoting Root Development of Stem Cuttings in the ‘Scented Geranium’, Pelargonium graveolens L

The present investigation entitled “Effect of different concentrations of auxin hormone (IBA) upon promoting root development of stem cuttings in the ‘Scented Geranium’, Pelargonium graveolens L” was carried out at Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Station, (MAPRS) Rajendranagar, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Hyderabad during December 2022 to February 2023. The experiments were conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications under a shade net house. Each replication consisted of seven treatments, which included a control group and six different concentrations of IBA (500 mg L-1, 1000 mg L-1, 1500 mg L-1, 2000 mg L-1, 2500 mg L-1, 3000 mg L-1). The results indicated, that among the various IBA concentrations tested, specifically IBA @ 2000 mg L-1 for stem cuttings, proved to be more effective than all other treatments in terms of various root parameters. It recorded the minimum days taken for root initiation and also recorded better results for the number of roots per cutting, average length of roots per cutting, length of longest root per cutting, fresh weight of roots per cutting, and dry weight of roots per cuttings.

Tissue Propagation of Marjoram Plant (in vitro)

The experiment was conducted in the plant tissue culture laboratory of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk for the season 2022. to study the propagation of the marjoram plant tissue from tips of branches outside the body. plant parts were sterilized for a period of 10-15 min, water was used to remove dust, and they were sterilized inside the cultivation table in Naocl sodium hypochlorite solution (commercial minor solution) at a concentration of 6% for 8 minutes in order to remove suspended microscopic parts. plant parts were washed 3 times each for 5 minutes. plant parts were cut, and tips of branches were taken, with (1) cm. with kinetin at, 2, 4, 6, 8) mg. L-1. plants were vaccinated at a temperature of 25 + 2 m 0 with an intensity of illumination was 3000 lux, with a light sequence of 16 hours, followed by 8 hours of darkness, for 4 weeks of cultivation. data were taken for the experiment (length of the longest branch) (number of branches) (number of leaves). after replanting the tips of the branches for another 4 weeks of the multiplication process, data were taken at (length of the longest branch cm) number of leaves/plant part). tips of branches. Regarding the root experience, data were taken (percentage of rooting %) (average number of roots/vegetative part) (average root length/cm) (branch length/cm) (number of leaves/vegetative part) full and half concentration of salt from the same soil were added to cultivated on a medium with different concentrations of IBA.

Effect of Different Indole Butyric Acid Concentrations on Air Layering in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj in August 2022 to December 2022. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the best IBA concentrations among different concentrations of IBA for producing best layering and survival percentage in Olive. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design having 8 treatments and replicated 3 times. The treatment T4 in which IBA 4000 ppm was applied for air layering was found to be best in terms of shoot and root parameters observed, i.e., Number of days to root formation (46.11), Number of roots per layer (7.33), Root length (6.73 cm), Root thickness (1.66 mm), Number of new sprouts (2.67-1MAP, 3.89-2MAP & 5.67-3MAP), length of new shoot (2.78cm-1MAP, 3.73cm-2MAP & 5.44cm-3MAP), Number of new leaves (7.22-1MAP, 10.78-2MAP & 16.56-3MAP) and survival percentage (50.89%) in air layered olive plants, whereas minimum values were recorded in T8 (control). It can be inferred from this study that, the use of IBA 4000 ppm was effective to produce better root and shoot parameters and successful establishment of air layers in olive.

Propagation of Chia Plants Using Plant Tissue Culture Technique

Back Ground: The plant tissue culture technique is one of the biotechnologies that meansisolating a plant cell, tissue or organ, sterilizing it and cultivating it on sterile artificial foodmedia under conditions completely free of pathogens, and then the transplanted part developsinto a complete plant similar to the original from which it was taken. Under controlledenvironmental conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting, as defined by others as sterilecultivation of cells, tissues, organs and their components under certain chemical and physicalconditions in vitro.Objectives: This study aimed to propagate the medicinal chia plant using the technique ofplant tissue culture.Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratoryof the College of Agriculture, Anbar University. Sterilized chia seeds were sown on the MSnutrient medium equipped with the GA3 growth regulator for the purpose of obtainingvegetative growths in the cultivation tubes, at the rate of one seed per vial, using tweezerspreviously sterilized with alcohol and flame. After obtaining the required growths, the stemnodes were cut into pieces 1 cm long and planted on MS medium prepared with differentconcentrations of BA (0.5, 1, 2, 3) mg L -1 . And by interfering with NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1with the aim of the emergence and multiplication of vegetative branches within a factorialexperiment with two factors (4 × 4) with 10 replications for each treatment. 16 hours and 8hours dark. In the rooting experiment, different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2) mg L -1 wereused, interfering with BR (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg L -1 , and measurements were taken after one month.
 Results: It was observed through the obtained results that there were significant differencesbetween the different concentrations of growth regulators used in the experiment in themultiplication and rooting of the branches.Conclusions: Regarding the doubling stage, there is an increase in the number of branches asthe concentration of the growth regulator BA increases. For rooting, the growth regulatorbrassinosteroids outperformed auxin indole butyric acid in root lengths and numbers.Keywords: Chia Plants, Gibberellin hormone, Leaves, Stem Nodes, Tissue Culture Technique

Effect of Different Concentrations of IBA and Time of Taking Cutting on Propagation of Black and White Myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) Cuttings

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different time of taking cutting and IBA concentrations on the rooting of Myrtus communis L. White and black myrtle types were used as plant materials. The cuttings were obtained from Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM) collection garden. The effects of 0 (control), 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 mg L-1 doses of IBA applications and time of taking cutting (February, March, April and May) on the rooting were investigated. The highest rooting percentage (76.67%) in black myrtle was obtained from cuttings taken in April and applied 1000 mg L-1 IBA, while the lowest rooting (10.00%) was obtained from cuttings applied 500 mg L-1 taken in May. White myrtle was rooted at a lower rate than black myrtle. It was determined that the highest rooting percentage (43.33%), shooting percentage (43.33%), rooted-shooted rates (43.33%) and average root number (1.63 pcs) in the white myrtle were 500 mg L-1 IBA dose in April. In addition, the study showed that the best rooting of white myrtle was in the cuttings taken in April and applied 500 mg L-1 IBA. Based on results, it can be concluded that time of taking cuttings in propagation and different concentration of IBA applications had a different impact on the success of black and white myrtle rooting.

Vegetative propagation of Epimedium elatum C. Morren and Decne.

Epimedium L. is a celebrated medicinal genus of Chinese pharmacopoeia comprising of sixty two species, with only one species, Epimedium elatum C. Morren and Decne., in Indian subcontinent. The species is endemic to Kashmir Himalaya and grows wild as undergrowth in forests. It is a slow-growing and slow-reproducing medicinal herb, with a huge potential for being exploited for therapeutic uses, thereby necessitating its conservation, cultivation and propagation. In this context, the present work has been undertaken to develop its propagation protocol. In spring, rhizomes were divided into different sizes on the basis of the number of buds and fresh mass; planted in 10 cm pots and then evaluated for survival, growth, production and multiplication. Similarly, the divisions were made in different seasons to study the seasonal effect. Single bud divisions, with or without roots, were also made to study the effect of IBA on rooting. Rhizome divisions of larger size produced plants with the best growth characteristics and propagation potential. Plants produced from the rhizome divisions of small size didn’t flower, but showed high bud production efficiency. Rhizome divisions of spring significantly produced plants of bigger size, with better growth characteristics, than plants produced from divisions of summer and autumn. When treated with different concentrations of IBA, single-bud divisions without roots, rooted successfully; however, rooting and survival rate was significantly higher at IBA concentration of 800 ppm as compared to other two IBA concentrations. The present study indicates that small size divisions can be used in nurseries to produce more plants from a smaller number of mother stock, while large size divisions can be used to produce and cultivate mature plants. Though division of Epimedium elatum rhizomes can be undertaken at any time of the growing season, spring is the best season.

Transcriptomic profiles of poplar (Populus simonii × P. nigra) cuttings during adventitious root formation.

The formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is vital for the vegetative propagation of poplars. However, the relevant mechanisms remain unclear. To reveal the underlying molecular mechanism, we used RNA-seq to investigate the transcriptional alterations of poplar cuttings soaked in water for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 d; 3,798 genes were differentially expressed at all the time points, including 2,448 upregulated and 1,350 downregulated genes. Biological processes including “cell cycle,” “photosynthesis,” “regulation of hormone levels,” and “auxin transport” were enriched in the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). KEGG results showed that the common DEGs were most enriched in the pathway of “Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms” and “Starch and sucrose metabolism.” We further dissected 38 DEGs related to root and auxin, including two lateral root primordium 1 (LRP1), one root meristem growth factor (RGF9), one auxin-induced in the root (AIR12), three rooting-associated genes (AUR1 and AUR3), eight auxin transcription factors (ARFs and LBDs), 10 auxin respective genes (SAURs and GH3s), nine auxin transporters (PINs, ABCs, LAX2, and AUXs), and four auxin signal genes (IAAs and TIR1). We found that the rooting abilities of poplar cuttings with and without leaves are different. By applying different concentrations of IBA and sucrose to the top of cuttings without leaves, we found that 0.2 mg/ml IBA and 2 mg/ml sucrose had the best effect on promoting AR formation. The transcriptome results indicated photosynthesis may influence AR formation in poplar cuttings with leaves and revealed a potential regulatory mechanism of leafy cuttage from poplar cuttings. In addition, we provided a new perspective to resolve rooting difficulties in recalcitrant species.

​Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Rooting of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Cuttings in Sikkim

Background: Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) family, Lauraceae, sub-tropical evergreen tree, which is very nutritious fruit having large oil fraction which is one of the unique features and has good medicinal properties. The vegetative propagation of avocado has become increasingly important to produce a large amount of planting material. Methods: The present study was conducted in the research field at the Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, Gangtok during 2016-2017 to evaluate the effect of different concentration plant growth regulators on the rooting of two cultivars. Hass and Fuerte Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cuttings were investigated at the mist chamber. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design for avocado cuttings of cvs. Hass and Fuerte with eighteen treatments comprising of different concentrations of IBA (control, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 800 ppm, 1000 ppm) and NAA (control, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 800 ppm, 1000 ppm). In all the treatments the cuttings were dipped in the plant growth regulators for 10 seconds. Rooting medium for planting the avocado cutting used was fine coarse vermiculite 80%, soil 10% and well rotten cow dung manure 10% in the ratio of 8:1:1 respectively for all the treatments. Result: In general, the results showed a significant increase for root initiation under treatment (IBA 800 ppm + Fuerte) followed by (IBA 400 ppm + Fuerte) which took 105.67 days for root initiation as compared to control at 5% level of significance. The avocado cuttings exhibited significant results for root initiation was 99.33 days which was recorded under treatment IBA 800 ppm + Fuerte as compared to treatment Fuerte (control) which was 121 days observed in root initiation. The maximum number of 14.05 roots at the time of transplanting in cuttings under treatment IBA 400 ppm + Fuerte and minimum was 2.00, 2.11, 2.22, 2.66 and 2.89 observed in treatment control + Hass, NAA 200 ppm + Hass, IBA 1000 ppm + Hass, IBA 200 ppm + Hass and IBA 400 ppm + Hass respectively. The maximum length of 1.53 cm root at the time of transplanting was found with treatment IBA 400 ppm + Fuerte and the minimum was 0.17 cm observed in treatment Hass (control). The rooting 72.22 percentage at the time of transplanting in cuttings was observed treatment IBA 400 ppm + Fuerte and minimum was 11.11 percentage observed in Hass (control). Fuerte with IBA 400 ppm was better in rooting capacity as compared to others.

Enraizamiento in vitro y la influencia de cuatro tipos de sustrato en la aclimatación de Queñoa Polylepis rugulosa Bitter

Queñoa is a forest species of great importance and its propagation in a conventional way is a limitation when it is desired to produce it on a large scale, for which the micropropagation technique was used, with the objective of evaluating the effect of the combination of auxin and cytokinin in the rooting of Polylepis rugulosa Bitter buds, establishing 12 treatments with different concentrations of IBA and BAP, likewise during acclimatization, the influence of four types of substrates based on ground, peat and cow manure in different proportions was tested, where seedlings were transplanted rooted, which were subjected to greenhouse conditions. The best response in the rooting percentage was 98%, this result was obtained with the concentration of 0.5 µM AIB + 0.05 µM BAP, which presented 1.9 roots and an average root length of 7 mm. A survival percentage of 87.5% was reached during acclimatization; cow manure-based treatments showed higher values ​​regarding the variable’s seedling height, number of leaves and root length. Therefore, the result will make it possible to mass produce plants and initiate conservation and recovery programs.

Clonal propagation of Chrysanthemum morifolium ramat using various explants obtained from field grown plants

A reliable and rapid large scale micropropagation method has been established from the node, shoots tip and leaf explant of Chrysanthemum morifolium growing in field condition. Experiments were conducted to standardize the culture media with plant hormone for multiple shoot proliferation and rooting for obtaining plantlets with uniform characteristics like mother plant in terms of growth and habits. Different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA) and cytokinins (BAP, Kin) were used in MS for the above purpose. Maximum shoot regeneration was found in MS treated with 2.0 mg/l BAP both in node and shoot tip explants. In the above combination, nodal explants produced 16 initial shoots. Shoot tip explants produced 12 shoots and leaf segment produced 07 shoots. For in vitro rooting, different concentrations of IBA and NAA were used. Higher rooting percentage was recorded on MS fortified with 1.5 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were hardened and successfully established in the soil. About 90% of the regenerated plantlets survived in the natural environment.

Propagation of ora-pro-nobis (Cactaceae) from cuttings at different concentrations of IBA

Ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) is an unconventional food plant, where asexual propagation via cuttings and the use of plant regulators is seen as an alternative in seedling production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate different concentrations of 3-indolebutyric acid (IBA) in the rooting of semi-hardwood cuttings of Pereskia aculeata Mill. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomised design, using cuttings of ora-pro-nobis at doses of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g L-1 IBA in talc. Five treatments were used, with four replications, each comprising 10 cuttings. After 60 days, the following were evaluated: rate of cutting survival (SUR), number of shoots (NS), number of leaves (NL), mean shoot length (MSL), stem diameter (SD), length of the largest root (LRL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root fresh weight (RFW), and root dry weight (RDW). The results were submitted to analysis of variance and regression analysis. SD, SDW and NL were significantly affected by the IBA dose. The values for stem diameter and dry weight as a function of the dose were adjusted to the quadratic model, with the maximum dose estimated at 1.5 g L-1, to give an SD of 6 mm and an SDW of 1.68 g. Number of leaves showed an inverse quadratic adjustment. The doses of IBA used in the semi-hardwood cuttings of Pereskia aculeata Mill. are not a condition of rooting. Stem diameter and shoot dry weight are dependent on the action of IBA, with the maximum response at an approximate dose of 1.5 g L-1.

Effect of IBA concentrations on rooting and growth of Ulmus wallichiana Planchon stem cuttings under temperate conditions of Kashmir

The present investigation entitled, “Effect of IBA concentrations on rooting and growth of Ulmus wallichiana Planchon stem cuttings under Temperate conditions of Kashmir” was carried out at Faculty of Forestry SKUAST-K Benehama during the year 2018-19. In this research, in order to study the effect of different concentrations of IBA on rooting and survival of Ulmus wallichiana cuttings, a study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments consisted of five levels of hormones: 0 (control), 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm, 2000 ppm and 2500ppm of IBA. Results showed that highest rooting (15.00% and 5.37%) root length 10.62cm and 8.62cm were recorded for IBA concentrations of 2000ppm in the hardwood and softwood cuttings respectively. The maximum mean length of shoot 8.12cm and 8.26cm were achieved in concentration of 2000ppm IBA in hardwood and softwood cuttings respectively. Further percentage 10.50% and 4.50% survival was recorded in hardwood and softwood cuttings at 2000ppm IBA treatments. Moreover, greatest sprouting 50.25% in hardwood and 9.75% in softwood was obtained in concentration of 2000ppm IBA, under open field conditions.

EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH ADJUVANTS ON DIRECT REGENERATION OF MOHAMMADI FLOWER (Rosa damascena Mill.) USING THIN CELL LAYERING TECHNIQUE

Regeneration is one of the most important methods in the massive proliferation of ornamental plants through micropropagation and genetic modification. Thin cell layering (TCL) technique, is a new introduction of micropropagation efficiency in producing optimized mass scale of crops. The horizontally placed TCL explants (tTCLs) was examined in Van der Salm (VS) basal medium in combination with different plant adjuvants (proline, glutamic acid, casein hydrolysate) to investigate their effect on callus induction and shoot regeneration of the explants. In order to produce healthy propagules of Rosa damascena Mill. on a large scale, a new cost-effective method of tissue culture has been established. The results indicated the positive effect of proline (0.5 gr/l) and glutamic acid (300 mg/l) in both callus induction and regeneration stage. Also, in rooting phase, different concentrations of IBA and NAA (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 mg/l) in basal ½ Van der Salm (VS) medium were tested. It was observed that the best results were related to 0.3 mg/l IBA + 0.3 mg/l NAA in ½ Van der Salm (VS) medium.

Effect of IBA concentration and water soaking on rooting hardwood cuttings of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.)

The research was conducted at the College of Agricultural Sciences Engineering/University of Sulaimani/ Kurdistan Region-Iraqi to investigate effects of different concentrations of IBA (0, 3000, 4000 and 5000 ppm) and soaking in water for 24 hours on propagation black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) by hardwood cuttings. In this research the parameters of rooting percentage, root number, root length, sprout bud number, shoot length and shoot diameter were measured. Effect of individual factors showed that the highest rooting percentage (15%) was achieved in cuttings soaked in water for 24 hours, as well as improving other traits. Also, the best (23.33%) rooting was found in cuttings dipped in 4000 ppm IBA. Interaction effects of the two factors showed that cuttings treated with 4000 ppm IBA and soaked in water for 24 hours gave the highest (40%) rooting, and the highest other root and shoot traits were achieved in the same interaction as well.

The Effect of BAP and IBA on In Vitro Root Cultures of Acehnese Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.)

Acehnese pomelo is considered as a potential fruit to be developed for its economic and nutritional values. However, there is a main problem in developing this fruit. Pomelo sometimes is grown from seeds, but nowadays the fruits are often found to be having lesser seeds or even seedless. Besides, it is quite challenging to grow this local pomelo not only due to the scarce of the seeds, but it also cannot be conventionally germinated. Therefore, we need to develop this fruit through tissue culture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of growth regulators on germination of pomelo seeds in vitro and its organ formation from in vitro root explants seed-originated of pomelo. The study was conducted at Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University. In October 2018 to April 2019. The research was divided into two separate experiments: 1) in vitro germination of pomelo seeds and 2) in vitro organ formation from root explants from of pomelo seeds. The first experiment using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 10 replications. The only factor observed was the use of BAP (0 and 2 mg/l). The second experiment was the examination of plant organ formation from root explants of pomelo seeds. This experiment had 2 factors observed. The first factor was different concentrations of BAP (0, 1, and 2 mg/l). The second factor was the different concentration of IBA (0, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/l). The results indicated that the application of BAP influenced the germination of pomelo seeds. The application of 2 mg/l BAP attributed to slower growth of shoots and roots, but it demonstrated better number of shoots, roots and leaves compared to application of 0 mg/l BAP. Pamelo root explants can form adventitious shoots on media eventhough without growth regulator (BAP 0 mg/l + IBA 0 mg/l), but optimization still needs to be done in order to obtain the best concentration to initiate shoot formation.

Effect of different concentrations of IBA on rooting of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cutting

The present experiment entitled “Effects of different concentrations of IBA on rooting of pomegranate (Punica granatum l.) cuttings” was conducted at nursery, Horticulture Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.), during the period of 2018-19. The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of growth regulators using four concentrations of IBA and water as control (viz, control, IBA1000, IBA1500, IBA2000, IBA2500) with three replication in a complete randomized design (CRD), under shade net condition. The study revealed that significant differences were existed among the treatments for different rooting and shooting parameters. Among the different treatments the earliest sprouting of cutting as well as significantly highest percentage of success, number of leaves per shoot, length of root, diameter of root, fresh weight of roots, and number of roots per cutting were observed in IBA 2500 ppm followed by IBA 2000ppm. However the performance of cutting in treatment control (T0) was inferior.