Diesel Engine Oil Research Articles

Research on Diesel Engine Rotate Speed Fluctuation Fuzzy Fault Diagnosis

Making diesel engine fault diagnosis technology as the research object, we analyzed the signals mechanism of diesel engine rotating speed fluctuation, and picked up and processed it. In view of the fault mechanism, we selected the fault characteristic parameters. By simulating the diesel engine oil leak off fault, we extracted the relevant fault characteristic parameters. Fuzzy theory was applied to fault diagnosis of diesel engine, and test the effectiveness of the diagnostic method, it is concluded that the ideal diagnosis effect.

Effect of Air Movement to Spray Development of Rapeseed Oil in Diesel Engine

Fuel-air mixing is important process in diesel combustion. Generally there a two air mixing strategy, which is slow fuel – fast air mixing and fast fuel – slow air mixing. Air movement inside the combustion chamber greatly affect the mixing process and made effective fuel air mixing possible. Biomass fuel needs great help of mixing to atomization because the fuel has high viscosity and high distillation temperature. This study investigates the effect of air movement to spray development and atomization characteristics of rapeseed oil (RO). Optical observation of RO spray was carried out using shadowgraph photography technique and also using high speed camera. The results show that fast air movement effectively promotes RO spray atomization, with the RO spray expand outward from the main body through the whole spray length, which suggests fuel dispersion due to fast air movement.

Optimization of biodiesel production and engine performance from high free fatty acid Calophyllum inophyllum oil in CI diesel engine

In the present study, crude Calophyllum inophyllum oil (CCIO) has been evaluated as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production. C.inophyllum oil has high acid value which is 59.30mg KOH/g. Therefore, the degumming, esterification, neutralization and transesterification process are carried out to reduce the acid value to 0.34mg KOH/g. The optimum yield was obtained at 9:1 methanol to oil ratio with 1wt.%. NaOH catalyst at 50°C for 2h. On the other hand, the C.inophyllum biodiesel properties fulfilled the specification of ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel standards. After that, the C.inophyllum biodiesel diesel blends were tested to evaluate the engine performance and emission characteristic. The performance and emission of 10% C.inophyllum biodiesel blends (CIB10) give a satisfactory result in diesel engines as the brake thermal increase 2.30% and fuel consumption decrease 3.06% compared to diesel. Besides, CIB10 reduces CO and smoke opacity compared to diesel. In short, C.inophyllum biodiesel can become an alternative fuel in the future.

대형 2행정 디젤기관에 있어서 일체형 전자제어 축압분배 실린더 주유기 시스템의 주유 불균일률에 관한 연구

Minimizing the cylinder wear and the consumption rate of cylinder oil in a large two-stroke diesel engine is of great economic importance. A motor-driven cylinder lubricator for Sulzer RT-flex large two-stroke diesel engines developed by authors is in need of improving the lubricating system to lubricate cylinder parts optimally by an electronically controlled quill device according to changes of engine load and revolution speed. In order to apply the developed accumulating distributor to an integrated cylinder lubricator by the electronically controlled system as the third research stage, the lubricating system is improved in the electronically controlled quill device with a solenoid valve. In this study, the effects of lubricator revolution speed, driving pressure(or plunger stroke) and cylinder back pressure on oil feed rate and lubrication inequality rate are investigated by using the integrated cylinder lubricator system with an accumulated distribution by the electronic control(I.C.S.), and the oil feed rate and lubrication inequality rate of I.C.S. are compared with those of the motor-driven cylinder lubricator by the electronically controlled quill system equipped with an accumulating distributor(E.D.S.). It is found that the oil feed rate of I.C.S. is smaller than that of E.D.S. due to the reduction of delivery velocity by the higher delivery pressure, and the variances of lubrication inequality rate for I.C.S. have become smaller than those of E.D.S. as the driving pressure in all experimental conditions increases, except for the driving pressure of 26 bar(plunger stroke 2 mm) at the cylinder lubricator speed of 120 rpm.

Effect of hBN/Al2O3 Nanoparticle Additives on the Tribological Performance of Engine Oil

Nanotechnology currently has an important role in reducing engine wear and improving fuel efficiency within engines using nanoparticle additives in engine oil. In this work, the effect of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticle additives, on the tribological performance of SAE 15W40 diesel engine oil, was studied. A tribological test was conducted using a four-ball tribotester. The results show that the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate of the ball reduced significantly by dispersing hBN nanoparticle additives in SAE 15W40 diesel engine oil; compared to without or with Al2O3 nanoparticle additives. This is in accordance with the significant reduction of wear scar diameter and smoother worn surfaces observed on the balls.

Engine performance and emission characteristics of hydrotreated vegetable oil in light duty diesel engines

Biodiesel, of which typical material is known as FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester), has some demerits such as high density and low caloric value despite better reduction on emission and lubricity when compared to petro-diesel (petroleum-derived diesel). Iso-HVO (isomerized-hydrotreated biodiesel), on the other hand, has strong competitive advantages that overcome such weak points of conventional biodiesel. The study of engine performance was carried out to compare iso-HVO with BD (Biodiesel). The test samples were prepared 16 kinds of fuels, which are petro-diesel and 2%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% of BD, HVO, and iso-HVO blended diesel, respectively. The engine performances and emission were tested on engine dynamometer and chassis dynamometer with 1.5l diesel engine and passenger car, for evaluating maximum power, fuel consumption, and emission, especially PM (Particulate Matter) and NOx. Iso-HVO has much better engine performance than BD and slightly better than HVO, but slightly worse than petro-diesel. On the emission, iso-HVO and HVO blended diesel emit less THC and CO than BD, even though iso-HVO blended diesel emits similar level of NOx and PM to BD blended. All three kinds of 50% blended biofuels showed that the decrease of particle concentrations at all size range than petro-diesel.

Studies on the use of low-volatile non-edible oils in a thermal barrier-coated diesel engine

Owing to the ever-increasing vehicle population, the consumption of diesel fuel in the transportation, agricultural and industrial sectors has increased at an alarming rate. This has led to rapid fossil fuel depletion, ozone depletion and environmental degradation, which have become a serious concern. Search for alternative renewable and clean energy fuel sources to mitigate the emissions of greenhouse gases is continuing, and attempts to find different techniques for efficient utilization of these fuels are also undertaken. Biodiesel being an oxygenated fuel obtained from vegetable oils has received greater attention over the years as a promising alternative to diesel fuel. However, vegetable oils exhibit high viscosity, poor volatility and poor cold-flow characteristics. These characteristics can cause the following problems in the engine when run for a longer duration: injector coking, severe engine deposits, filter gumming, piston ring sticking and thickening of lubrication. These problems can be eliminated or minimized by adopting suitable fuel processing techniques to obtain biodiesels from vegetable oils. The fuel processing techniques vary widely, which include transesterification, supercritical methanolysis, ultrasonic and continuous microwave-assisted transesterification methods. In the present study, the transesterification method is effectively used to obtain biodiesels from non-edible oils of honne and cotton seed. The biodiesels obtained from these oils were used in the unmodified diesel engine to check their feasibility as diesel engine alternatives. Different thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were applied on the piston, cylinder head, and inlet and exhaust valve surfaces of the diesel engine in order to make it a fully adiabatic engine. The engine with such TBCs is called a low heat rejection engine. For the present study, the TBC of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) were selected. Finally, the performance of the diesel engine fuelled with different biodiesels in both conventional and thermal barrier-coated modes was compared. The thermal barrier-coated engine with the PSZ version showed better performance with increased nitric oxide emissions when compared with the Al2O3 coating.

S1110404 電場を利用したディーゼルエンジンのオイル中のスス分離方法の検討([S111-04]第20回卒業研究コンテスト(4),機素潤滑設計部門)

Engine oil is essential for a engine and it has various roles like lubrication, cooling, retention of airtight, cleaning action and etc. Diesel engine generates a lot of soot than gasoline engine. So diesel engine oil is so contaminated by soot. These soot in diesel engine oil cause promotion of wear and oxidation of diesel engine oil. However, to remove soot from engine oil by oil filter is very difficult because the diameter of soot is nanometer. In this research, we assume the equipment which makes coagulated soot in the needle tip by an electric field and removes these coagulated soot by a oil filter. To achieve this equipment, we clarified the influence of applied voltage, time of application of voltage and frequency of applied voltage for coagulation of soot to the needle tip. And we also clarified the possibility of removing coagulated soot by a filter.

Trends of Environmentally Friendly Diesel Engine Oils

Trends of Environmentally Friendly Diesel Engine Oils

Utilising the Latest Findings on Low Speed 2-Stroke Diesel Engine Oil Stress from Field & Laboratory Engine Testing

Utilising the Latest Findings on Low Speed 2-Stroke Diesel Engine Oil Stress from Field & Laboratory Engine Testing

Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operated with wood pyrolysis oil

The vast storage of biomass available worldwide has the potential to displace the significant amounts of fuel that are currently derived from petroleum sources. Fast pyrolysis of biomass is one of the possible paths by which we can convert biomass to higher-value products. Wood pyrolysis oil has been regarded as an alternative fuel to petroleum fuels for use in diesel engines. However, the use of wood pyrolysis oil in diesel engines requires modifications to those engines owing to the low energy density, the high water content, the high acidity and the high viscosity of wood pyrolysis oil. The easiest ways to adopt wood pyrolysis in a diesel engine without engine modifications are blending or emulsification of the wood pyrolysis oil with diesel or biodiesel. Wood pyrolysis oil is immiscible with diesel and biodiesel; hence appropriate surfactants or co-solvents are needed for emulsification or blending. In this study, a diesel engine operated with diesel, biodiesel, wood pyrolysis oil–diesel emulsion and wood pyrolysis oil–biodiesel emulsion was investigated experimentally. The combustion performance and the gaseous and particle emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by diesel, biodiesel and wood pyrolysis oil emulsions were examined. The results showed that stable engine operation was possible with the emulsions and that the engine output power was comparable with those of diesel and biodiesel operation. However, in the case of wood pyrolysis oil–diesel emulsion operation, the total hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions were increased owing to the increased ignition delay and poor spray atomization, and the nitogen oxide and the soot emissions were decreased owing to the high water content and the high oxygen content in the fuel. Long-term validation of adopting wood pyrolysis oil in diesel engines is still needed because the oil is acidic, with the consequent problems of corrosion and clogging, especially in the injection system.

Usability Analysis of Diesel Engine Oil Based on Properties of Mineral Materials

This paper makes a brief discussion on the selection basis of the engine oil and introduce the engine oil`s properties of mineral materials. With different engine types, the required engine oil performances may vary greatly; According to the test indications of coachs engine oil, the reasonably set change interval can make the best use of the engine oil.

A comparative investigation on the field performance of two mineral diesel engine oil

The technique of inductively coupled plasma (ICP), has been employed for monitoring the level of 24 different elements in two equivalent engine oils. Tracing have been made at 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, and 6000 km of operation. In the case of both of the oils, the results indicate decreasing as well as increasing trends in concentrations of different elements. The obtained data have been interpreted based on depletion of additives, wear, leakage and vaporization processes. In contrast to chemical analysis which have been made at different kilometers, physical measurements were merely performed at 0 and 6000 km of operation. The possible reasons for physical changes have also been discussed. Based on chemical analysis and physical measurements, the performance of the oils have been compared. Key words: Deisel engine oil, SN-500 base oil, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), physical properties, oil analysis.

A study on the performance and emission of a diesel engine fueled with Karanja biodiesel and its blends

In order to meet the growing global energy requirement, exhaustive research is carried to develop and use variety of renewable fuels. Main objective of the present study is to compare the performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of biodiesel derived from non-edible Karanja oil in an unmodified diesel engine and to compare the results with baseline results of diesel fuel. Important physico-chemical properties of Karanja oil after transesterification were experimentally evaluated and found within acceptable limits of relevant standards. The performance parameters evaluated in the present study includes brake thermal efficiency of Karanja biodiesel with different compositions at 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 100% with mineral Diesel. BTE was about 3–5% lower with Karanja biodiesel and its blends with respect to diesel. Also, emissions parameters such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, UBHC (unburned hydrocarbon), oxides of nitrogen and smoke opacity for different test fuels were also measured. UBHC, CO, CO2 and smoke were lower with Karanja biodiesel fuel. However, NOx emissions of Karanja biodiesel and its blend were higher than Diesel. The combustion analysis was done using peak cylinder pressure and heat release rate with respect to crank angle. The peak cylinder pressure and heat release rate was lower for Karanja biodiesel. The results from the experiments suggest that biodiesel from non-edible oil like Karanja and its blends with diesel could be a potential fuel for diesel engine and play a vital role in the near future especially for small and medium energy production.

Improving of Emissions and Performance of Rice Brawn Oil in Medium Grade Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine

Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of a medium grade low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine with air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner with 3-mm air gap at different operating conditions [normal temperature and pre-heated temperature] of crude rice brawn oil (CRBO) with varied injection pressure and injection timing. Performance parameters of brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, volumetric efficiency, coolant load and sound intensity were determined at various values of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). Exhaust emissions of smoke and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were recorded at various values of BMEP. Combustion characteristics at peak load operation of the engine were measured with TDC (top dead centre) encoder, pressure transducer, console and special pressure-crank angle software package. Conventional engine (CE) showed deteriorated performance, while LHR engine showed improved performance with CRBO operation at recommended injection timing and pressure and the performance of both version of the engine improved with advanced injection timing and at higher injection pressure when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. The optimum injection timing was 32 o bTDC for CE while it was 30 o bTDC with LHR engine with CRBO operation. Compatible performance in terms of peak brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, coolant load, smoke levels were observed with LHR engine with CRBO operation at recommended injection timing of 27 o bTDC. (Before top dead centre) in comparison with pure diesel operation

Classification and individualization of used engine oils using elemental composition and discriminant analysis

The six most common commercial automotive gasoline and diesel engine oils in the Republic of Korea, ZIC A, ZIC XQ RV/SUV, Kixx G1, Kixx RV, and the brand name products HD Premium gasoline and HD Premium diesel, were randomly used in nineteen different vehicles. Samples of seventy-six used engine oils, which were withdrawn from the sumps of those vehicles at different intervals, were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and statistically compared. Two data analysis strategies were used to interpret and understand the elemental profiles in the multi-dimensional data. Macro (additive elements of Ca, Zn and P) and trace (wear metal elements of Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb and Sn) elements were used as potential markers to determine the brand of oil used and the engine type in which the oil was used, and to trace the individual vehicle for forensic purposes. The discriminant analysis statistical technique was applied, and its prediction ability was assessed. In this study, 92.1%, 82.9% and 92.1% of the cross-validated grouped cases correctly predicted the brand of oil, the engine type and the vehicle that was the source of the oil, respectively.

Analysis of Marine Diesel Fuel with the Advanced Distillation Curve Method

Ocean-going ships burn heavy fuel oil. The combustion of heavy fuel oil in marine diesel engines emits nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and particulates into the air. Growing public concern over air quality has led to increased scrutiny of heavy fuel oil as a source of air pollutants, with calls for greater regulation of its composition to safeguard public health and the environment. Heavy fuel oil is a complex mixture, prepared by blending residual oil from petroleum distillation with more volatile fractions to meet industry standards. The fuel composition has a significant effect on the type and amount of combustion products produced, but the complexity of heavy fuel oil blends has hindered past efforts at analysis. The advanced distillation curve (ADC) method was developed as a complex fluid analysis protocol, combining thermophysical and chemical properties measurement. We applied the ADC method, under reduced pressure, to a sample of IFO 380 intermediate fuel oil to characterize its volatility and com...

Characteristics Evaluation of Weld Metal Zone Welded with Various Repair Welding Filler Metals

Recently, the fuel oil of diesel engine of marine ships has been changed with heavy oil of low quality as the oil price is getting higher and higher. Therefore, the wear and corrosion against all parts of the engine, such as cylinder liner, piston crown, and spindle and seat ring of exhaust valves has predominantly increased due to its consumption. Thus, the repair welding of the piston crown is a unique method to prolong its life in a economical point of view. In this case, filler metals having a better corrosion and wear resistance are mainly being used for repair welding. However, the piston crown on the ship’s job site is often actually being welded with mild filler metals. Therefore, in this study, the mild filler metals, such as E5016, E1216, and E2316, were welded to the SS401 steel as the base metal, and the corrosion properties of their weld metal zones with and without post weld heat treatment were investigated with some electrochemical methods in 0.1% H2SO4 solution. The weld metal zone welded with E1216 filler metal exhibited the best corrosion resistance among the filler metals with irrespective of heat treatment, however, its corrosion resistance was somewhat decreased due to the post weld heat treatment(annealing:625oC, 2hr). In particular, the weld metal of E2316 exhibited relatively a good corrosion resistances by the post weld heat treatment.

A Comparison of the Use of Pyrolysis Oils in Diesel Engine

Creating a sustainable energy and environment, alternative energy is needed to be developed instead of using fossil fuels. This research describe a comparison of the use of pyrolysis oils which are the tire pyrolysis oil, plastic pyrolysis oil and diesel oil in the assessment of engine performance, and feasibility analysis. Pyrolysis oils from waste tire and waste plastic are studied to apply with one cylinder multipurpose agriculture diesel engine. It is found that without engine modification, the tire pyrolysis offers better engine performance whereas the heating value of the plastic pyrolysis oil is higher. The plastic pyrolysis oil could improve performance by modifying engine. The economic analysis shows that the pyrolysis oil is able to replace diesel in terms of engine performance and energy output if the price of pyrolysis oil is not greater than 85% of diesel oil.

部分碳系材料的拉曼光谱研究

本文利用激光拉曼光谱技术分别研究了植物油，化妆品、汽油机油和柴油机油这四类不同的碳系材料的拉曼光谱。通过对其拉曼光谱的分析，不仅精确测定了其拉曼位移的数值，还提高了对拉曼散射效应的认识。结合所测的多种碳系材料的光谱结果，讨论了其拉曼活性、相对强度、谱线线宽和分辨率等光谱特性。本文的研究结果不仅丰富了上述四类被测材料的微观信息，还系统认识了它们的光谱识别方法。 Some carbon materials are experimentally studied by using the laser Raman spectroscopy, such as vegetable oil, cosmetics, engine oil and diesel engine oil. Based on the analysis of the Raman spectra, not only the Raman shift is obtained accurately, but also the understanding of Raman scattering effect is enhanced. The spectral characteristics of these materials, including the Raman activity, relative intensity, the FWHM line width, and the spectral resolution, are discussed. The investigations not only enrich the microscopic information about the materials measured, but also obtain the relevant method of the spectral identification.