Dicyclomine Research Articles

The Anticholinergic Effects of Dicyclomine Hydrochloride in Uninhibited Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction

A preliminary study to assess objectively the effects of dicyclomine upon uncontrolled detrusor contractions and bladder capacity was undertaken in 14 patients with a cystometric diagnosis of uninhibited neurogenic bladder. Response was measured by cystometry performed 1, 2 and 4 hours after a 20mg. oral dose. Of the 14 patients 11 had significant blockade of uninhibited contractions and a concomitant increase in bladder capacity. Similar but less dramatic changes were noted in the remaining 3 patients. Dicyclomine seems to have effective anticholinergic properties. No remarkable side effects were observed.

Antenatal exposure to doxylamine succinate and dicyclomine hydrochloride (Bendectin) in relation to congenital malformations, perinatal mortality rate, birth weight, and intelligence quotient score

In a prospective cohort study of 50,282 gravidas and their offspring, congenital malformation rates were similar in the children of over 1,000 women exposed and those not exposed to two components of Bendectin (doxylamine succinate and dicyclomine hydrochloride) during the first four lunar months of pregnancy. In a cohort reduced to 41,337 mother-child pairs for technical reasons, mean birth weight and perinatal mortality rates were similar according to exposure or nonexposure to either drug, as were intelligence quotient scores measured at four years of age in 28,358 of the children. Control of potential confounding factors with a variety of multivariate techniques did not materially alter these findings.

Evaluation of the efficacy of dicyclomine hydrochloride (‘Merbentyl’) syrup in the treatment of infant colic

SummaryA double-blind crossover trial was carried out in 25 babies with infant colic to compare the symptomatic relief provided by dicyclomine hydrochloride (5mg4-times daily) or placebo. Patients received each treatment, in random order, for 1 week. A scoring system was used to measure the total symptom complex as well as the individual parameters of post-prandial crying, post-prandial vomiting, and sleep disturbance. Dicyclomine hydrochloride syrup was found to be superior to placebo in relieving the total symptom complex (p < 0.025) and in reducing sleep disturbance (p < 0.05). Side-effects with both therapies were minimal.

A comparison of an antacid plus antispasmodic combination and and aluminium hydroxide in dyspepsia

A single-blind, between-patient comparative study was carried out in general practice to assess the effectiveness of antacid plus antispasmodic combination tablets (240 mg dried aluminium hydroxide B.P., 144 mg magnesium hydroxide B.P.C., and 5 mg dicyclomine hydrochloride B.P.) and aluminium hydroxide B.P. tablets (500 mg) in the management of chronic dyspepsia. Twenty patients received the combination tablets and 17 the single antacid tablets. They were instructed to chew 2 tablets 3 or 4-times daily and an additional 2 tablets at night if necessary. Patients were assessed initially, and then at 2 and 4 weeks. Both preparations were effective in controlling dyspeptic symptoms. Heartburn and nausea showed an early, significantly greater (p less than 0.05) response to the combined tablet, as did night pain after 4 weeks. Tablet intake of both preparations averaged out at just under 7 tablets per day.

A controlled trial of premedication with dicyclomine hydrochloride (Bentyl ®) in colonoscopy

The preparatory intramuscular injection of a potent anticholinergic agent, evaluated in a controlled trial, did not facilitate colonoscopy from the point of view of either the patient or the examiner.

Teratology and reproduction studies with an antinauseant

Bendectin ® (BDP), a therapeutic formulation used to control the nausea and vomiting often associated with pregnancy in women, is composed of equal parts of dicyclomine hydrochloride, an antispasmodic, doxylamine succinate, and antihistamine, and pyridoxine hydrochloride. Teratology studies in rabbits and reproduction studies in rats were conducted with BDP and two of its components, dicyclomine hydrochloride and doxylamine succinate. None of these materials appeared to have any deleterious effects on pregnancy maintenance, litter size, or fetal weight in the rabbit, except when toxic (100 mg/kg/day doxylamine or dicyclomine) levels were reached. Breeding, conception, pregnancy maintenance, litter size, and fetal weight were unaffected in the rat, although a mild dose-related decrease in neonatal weight gains occurred in pups from doxylamine- and dicyclomine-treated dams. Occasional malformed fetuses were noted; however, the incidence and types of malformation suggested that they were fortuitous rather than drug related. The results of these tests in animals are in agreement with data reported in a controlled survey of case records of pregnant women treated during the first trimester with BDP.

Metabolic dynamics of dicyclomine hydrochloride in man as influenced by various dose schedules and formulations

Metabolic studies were conducted on each of four normal human male subjects, 20–30 years of age, weighing within the range of 150–180 pounds, to compare the absorption, plasma levels, and excretory routes of 14C-labeled dicyclomine hydrochloride utilizing four regimens, differing in dosage and form. Control and experimental periods, each of 7 days duration, were undertaken using fractional collection of blood, urine, and stool specimens. The four regimens studied in each subject included: (1) 3 × 10 mg (8 μCi/10 mg) capsules po; (2) 1 × 10 mg (8 μCi/10 mg) capsule po at 0, 4, and 8 hours; (3) 1 × 30 mg (24 μCi/30 mg) tablet in a continuous release form, po; (4) 10 mg (8 μCi/10 mg) in 10 ml total volume, iv. The data indicate dicyclomine hydrochloride to be rapidly absorbed following oral administration; the drug and/or its metabolites are detectable in the urine within 1 hour. The principal route of elimination is via the urine (79.5% of the dose). Excretion also occurs via the feces, but to a lesser extent (8.4%). The average combined excretory recovery of drug in 4 subjects and 4 drug regimens was 87.9% in the 7 days after drug administration. Little difference in the average urinary recovery (76.3–82.1%) following various modes of administration was noted, suggesting that absorption was essentially complete in all cases including the continuous-release matrix form. Fecal recovery was somewhat more variable (5.2–15.3%).

EXTRALOBAR SEQUESTRATION OF LUNG IN NEWBORN INFANT.

THE SEQUESTRATION of pulmonary tissue has been defined by Potter 1 to be masses of pulmonary tissue which have no communication with the bronchial tree. Within this heading there are the following subgroups: Intralobar—part of a lobe of a lung. Extralobar—a separate lobe but still attached to the main pulmonary mass. Complete sequestration—entirely independent of the lungs. The following report describes a case of extralobar sequestration but without diaphragmatic hernia. Report of a Case This white male infant with a calculated gestation age of 30 weeks, was born by spontaneous vertex delivery to a 27-year-old, gravida 3, para 3. Weight at birth was 6 lb 1 oz (2,752 gm). Pregnancy was uneventful, except for polyhydramnios which was noted at 27 weeks of gestation. There was no family history of congenital anomalies. Patient was given tablets containing dicyclomine hydrochloride, doxylamine succinate, and pyridoxine hydrochloride for control of nausea

Propantheline (pro-banthine) bromide in relation to normal and gluacomatous eyes; effects on intraocular tension and pupillary size.

The increasing use of many autonomie blocking agents in various fields of medicine poses a hazard to the unwary patient with glaucoma or the person who may not realize he has glaucoma. Each new drug of clinical usefulness to the gastroenterologist, internist, and neurologist should receive ophthalmic evaluation in regard to both normal eyes and various types of glaucomatous eyes. Our previous studies with dicyclomine (Bentyl) hydrochloride showed single 10 mg. doses of this agent to have no effect on intraocular tension or pupillary size in a variety of nonglaucomatous patients hospitalized for other ophthalmic problems. In hospitalized glaucomatous patients with tensions reduced to the 19 to 32 mm. Hg (SchiOtz) range, however, such an orally given dose of dicyclomine hydrochloride was generally followed by a rise of 3 to 10 mm. Hg within one hour. This rise would continue to a peak within two to three hours, after which