Diana Crane Research Articles

Social Control: Views from the Social Sciences.

Preface Part One The Notion of Control Lewis A Coser The Notion of Control in Sociological Theory Eugene Burnstein The Notion of Control in Psychological Theory Part Two Where Control is the Name of the Game Samuel Krislov The Politics of Control and the Control of Politics Jack P Gibbs Law as a Means of Social Control Leonard Krasner Behavior Modification and Social Control Issues and Myths Part Three Physical and Fiscal Matters Richard N Adams The Emergence of the Regulatory Society Ivar Berg Social Control and the Economy In Quest of Common Denominators Part Four Control and Other Major Institutions Rose Laub Coser The American Family Changing Patterns of Social Control George A Comstock Information Management and Mass Media Menace or Myth? Diana Crane Cultural Differentiation, Cultural Integration, and Social Control Part Five Perennial Issues and Prospects Austin T Turk Social Control and Social Conflict Robert F Meier Prospects for Control Theories and Research

Exemplars and Analogies: A Comment on Crane's Study of Kuhnian Paradigms in High Energy Physics

In her study of the applicability of Kuhn's ideas to theoretical high energy physics (THEP), Diana Crane emphasizes the importance of Kuhn's concept of an 'exemplar' .' Exemplars, she observes, 'are in some respects the most important elements in the Kuhnian paradigm.'2 In this Response I want to reinforce this remark by suggesting that one can hope to arrive at a deeper understanding of the social construction of scientific knowledge through consideration of the distinguishing characteristics of exenmplary achievements. In particular, I want to suggest that it would be fruitful to recognize that an exemplar is primarily the embodiment of an analogy. Before we come to that, however, it will be useful to review briefly Crane's approach to scientific development. Through interviews with leading physicists, Crane identifies the major lines of inquiry which dominated THEP in the period from 1960 to 1975, and she argues that the 'theoretical innovations which give rise to new lines of inquiry in the field are performing roles analogous to those attributed by Kuhn to exemplars.'3 Using interviews and citation counts, Crane then analyzes the intensity and duration of the response of the THEP community to various exemplars, and argues that variations of response are indicative of values prevalent amongst theorists. Qualities particularly valued in exemplars, she suggests, are breadth and, above all, testability. The image of scientific development implicit in Crane's work is thus essentially this: in the continual flux of scientific theorizing, innovations are occasionally perceived, and, once perceived, evaluated against the standards of breadth and testability. The effort devoted by theorists to the elaboration of exemplary achievement is dependent on the outcome of such evaluations. Now, while such an image might be accepted as a broad description of the development of THEP from 1960 to 1975, whether it also stands as an explanation is not so clear. One might ask, for instance: 1. Why is one piece of theoretical work rather than another perceived to be an innovation by the THEP community; that is to say, what are the distinguishing characteristics of innovations? 2. Once an innovation has been so perceived, can one attempt to understand the details of its subsequent elaboration within the scientific community, or must one be content with an understanding of only the overall characteristics of the response, as is provided by Crane?

How Doctors Treat Critically Ill Patients The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians' Treatment of Critically Ill Patients Diana Crane

How Doctors Treat Critically Ill Patients The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians' Treatment of Critically Ill Patients Diana Crane

The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians' Treatment of Critically III Patients

Sociologist Diana Crane has addressed social and ethical problems of the dying in America and the painful search for ethical guidelines by the medical profession. Based on seven years of research, some 3,000 questionnaires, extensive interviews with physicians, and contacts on the ward, the book is a systematic study of the choices physicians actually make when confronted with terminally ill or irreparably handicapped patients. The criteria that physicians use in deciding to treat critically ill patients are investigated, along with the extent to which these deviate from traditionally held norms. There appears, for example, to be a strongly held norm in the medical profession against direct killing, even where the individual has no capacity whatsoever to function in social relationships. Crane examines the circumstances under which physicians actively bring about death, ie, practice euthanasia. Variables affecting physicians' decisions are analyzed: age, culture, religion, medical school affiliation, specialization, and departmental policies.

Diana Crane, Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities, Chicago and London, University of Chicago Press, 1972, 8vo, pp. x, 213, £7.15 (£2.00 paperback)

Diana Crane, Invisible colleges. Diffusion of knowledge in scientific communities, Chicago and London, University of Chicago Press, 1972, 8vo, pp. x, 213, £7.15 (£2.00 paperback)

The Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians' Treatment of Critically Ill Patients.Diana Crane

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsThe Sanctity of Social Life: Physicians' Treatment of Critically Ill Patients. Diana Crane Bradford H. GrayBradford H. Gray Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 82, Number 4Jan., 1977 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/226405 Views: 1Total views on this site Copyright 1977 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. Diana Crane

<i>Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities</i>. Diana Crane

The Politics of Science: Science Politics, Science Policy, Policy Science: The Whole ThingPolitics in Science. By Marlan Blissett Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. By Diana Crane The Gift Relationship: From Human Blood to Social Policy. By Richard M. Titmuss

Previous articleNext article No AccessReview-ArticlesThe Politics of Science: Science Politics, Science Policy, Policy Science: The Whole Thing Politics in Science. By Marlan Blissett Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. By Diana Crane The Gift Relationship: From Human Blood to Social Policy. By Richard M. Titmuss Avery LeisersonAvery Leiserson Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Polity Volume 6, Number 1Autumn 1973 The Journal of the Northeastern Political Science Association Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/3234184 Copyright 1973 PolityPDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Invisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities.Diana Crane

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsInvisible Colleges: Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific Communities. Diana Crane Phillip BossermanPhillip Bosserman Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 79, Number 1Jul., 1973 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/225517 Views: 6Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1973 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:D. E. Chubin Beyond invisible colleges: Inspirations and aspirations of post-1972 social studies of science, Scientometrics 7, no.3-63-6 (Mar 1985): 221–254.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02017148

SCIENTISTS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. By Walter Hirsch. New York: Random House, 1968. 167 pp. $2.25

SCIENTISTS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY. By Walter Hirsch. New York: Random House, 1968. 167 pp. $2.25 Get access Diana Crane Diana Crane Johns Hopkins University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, Volume 48, Issue 1, September 1969, Pages 133–134, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/48.1.133-a Published: 01 September 1969