Negotiation Theory Research Articles

Echo in <i>The Winter Vault</i>

The intertextuality of Anne Michaels’s The Winter Vault may be found not only in recurrent themes and images from her earlier novel, Fugitive Pieces, and her poetry, but also in the inclusion of other writers in her novel. Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories of dialogism, chronotopes, polyphony, heteroglossia, and the carnivalesque; John Hollander’s study of echo and transumption; and Douglas Hofstadter’s notion of “strange loops” – all offer means of understanding Michaels’s allusions and structure in her novel. They also shed light on how her writing remembers historical trauma and eventually finds redemption through language, love, and empathy. The central characters in The Winter Vault witness the devastation of Nubian villages along the Nile and Canadian villages along the St. Lawrence River. By listening closely to echoes and stories of past destruction, these characters find solace in recreating the Canadian landscape. The intertwining of characters, histories, and landscapes returns to the origins of civilization to emerge in forms of healing and post-traumatic redemption.

Barth on Divine Simplicity and the Attributes of God: A Theological Agenda for Christian/Muslim Dialogue

Abstract This article examines the theological concepts of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. The purpose of this inquiry is to explore the significance of these themes for Christian/Muslim dialogue. In this sense the article is an overture to a public theology undertaken through aspects of the doctrine of God foundational for Christians and Muslims. An introduction identifies the somewhat marginal significance of theological dialogue in Christian-Muslim encounter. In doing so it considers what contribution Karl Barth might have to make to Christian-Muslim reflections on the doctrine of God. The main focus of the article examines Barth’s treatment of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. In this respect the article highlights the importance of Barth’s ethical transposition of the doctrine of divine simplicity and its implications for inter-religious engagements in the world. The article argues for a public theology which takes more seriously the relationship between theory and practice in inter-religious dialogue.

The Philippines. The Philippines and the International Monetary Fund negotiations on petroleum and imports: Toward a theory of negotiation By Kenneth Faulve-Montojo Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2018. Pp. 317. Bibliography, Subject Index, Author Index.

The Philippines. The Philippines and the International Monetary Fund negotiations on petroleum and imports: Toward a theory of negotiation By Kenneth Faulve-Montojo Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2018. Pp. 317. Bibliography, Subject Index, Author Index. - Volume 52 Issue 4

”At knække lærerkoden” – en elevperspektivisk analyse af adressater ved mundtlig eksamen

In order to graduate, Danish (and Norwegian) upper secondary high-school students are assessed orally in high-stakes tests by two teacher-assessors. Based on a fieldwork following students preparing for the oral exam, the article investigates who the students are presupposing to talk to at the exam. Exam introductions and student interviews are analyzed using Bachtin’s dialogical theory. The paradigmatic case analysis finds that students focus on delivering interpretations that they think the teacher wants to hear, since alternative interpretations are considered a confrontation with the assessors. Potentially, this limits what students allow assessors to gain access to at the exam.

Reflections on dialogicity: Challenges and suggestions by mathematics student teachers

Research related to dialogic teaching has been gaining ground in recent decades. On a theoretical level, researchers have described how sociocultural approaches are linked to dialogic teaching. In addition, empirical studies have explained how dialogic teaching manifests itself in educational dialogue and classroom interactions. However, studies addressing how the dialogic theory and practice could be linked meaningfully in teacher education and professional development programs in subject teacher education and related praxis are still limited. Especially in the case of math teacher education, the reported professional development programs are limited in number. Whereas the tendency has been to report the challenges accompanying dialogicity, the present study contributes by making suggestions and delivering ways to enhance the dialogicity of math teaching. Most importantly, the findings reveal that this is done mostly by the student teachers themselves. Additionally, all of this can be considered a result of participating in an initial teacher education program, following a systematic and cyclic structure to develop one's understanding and skills related to classroom interactions that include dialogic approaches. Implications for subject teacher education are also discussed based on the findings of the current study.

From Shared Meals to Interreligious Conversations

AbstractThis article describes three levels of interreligious dialogue today and observes a lack of exchange between these levels. For the future of interreligious dialogue, it proposes to link the theory and practice of interreligious dialogue more closely, that is, to interrelate academic reflections and actual interreligious encounter. Taking up the term “hospitality,” the author shows that, while the notion of interreligious hospitality plays a key role in comparative theology, the concrete practice of hospitality is rarely used as a resource for theological reflection. Consequently, the article refers to the practice of hospitality at the table and provides some starting points for interreligious conversations evolving around shared meals. Based on the notion of “embodiment,” it points to the central role of theological reflection of everyday life and to the potential of interreligious dialogues as a tool and resource in a pluralistic, quickly changing world.

Tension, Conflict, and Negotiability of Land for Infrastructure Retrofit Practices in Informal Settlements

Tension and conflict are endemic to any upgrading initiative (including basic infrastructure provision) requiring private land contributions, whether in the form of voluntary donations or compensated land acquisitions. In informal urban contexts, practitioners must first identify well-suited land for public infrastructure, both spatially and with careful consideration for safeguarding claimed rights and preventing conflicts. At the same time, they need to defuse existing tensions over land ownership and land use rights while negotiating for the potential use of a unit of land for infrastructure. Even in the case of employing participatory methods, land negotiations are never tension-free. Despite the extensive literature on linkages between urban poverty, inefficient land management systems, and land disputes, in both rural and urban settings, land negotiations for community-scale infrastructure retrofit projects (e.g., neighbourhood roads, water and sanitation infrastructure) are yet to be fully explored. Drawing on a case study of a live green infrastructure retrofit project in six informal settlements in Makassar, Indonesia, we establish links to exchange theory, collective action, and negotiation theory to build a reliable analytical framework for understanding and explaining the land negotiations in small-scale infrastructure retrofit practices. We aim to describe and assess the fundamental conditions for land negotiations in an informal urban context and conclude the paper by summarising several key strategies developed and used in the case study area to forge land agreements.

Expression of Language and Gender in the Movie “Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan” (Sociolinguistic Studies)

The dialogues used by the male and female main character in the movie "Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan" has many different language characteristics. This research aims to elaborate the expression of language characteristics of main male and female characters in the movie based on Qi Pan's theory and define the socio-cultural factors behind using these language characteristics. This research was qualitative descriptive research. The data source was the movie’s script of "Imperfect: Karier, Cinta & Timbangan." To collect data, the researcher used watching, listening, and writing techniques. Then, the data were analyzed using the textual analysis method. The results revealed that (a) the main female character uses 11 language characteristics according to Qi Pan's theory in dialogue. In contrast, the main male character does not use these language characteristics. Only hypercorrection characteristics are not used in both speeches, and (b) language differences in characters' speeches are influenced by socio-cultural factors that shape their personalities in the movie, creating gender stereotypes that appear in both genders based on their characters. This research represents an expression and relevance between language and gender, which can be found in real life and literary works, one of which is elaborated through Indonesian movie media.

Factors influencing the sustainability of externally funded community projects by specifically investigating the Imali project.

This project research study determines the factors influencing sustainability of externally funded community projects in Rwanda showcasing the Imbuto Foundation Imali project. Sustaining community-based projects faces countless challenges and some project managers are even blamed of neglecting the needs of the community. The study focus on the following specific objectives: to assess the influence of community participation, to examine the influence of resource capacity, and to determine the influence of project management skills on the sustainability of the Imali project. The study refers to the Freirean theory of dialogue and society and uses a descriptive research approach to determine several factors affecting the sustainability of community projects after funding. The population by the study comprises a total of 119 people from three cooperatives. The cooperative from Kamonyi is named “Abavandimwe”, the cooperative of Ruhango called “Imena” and the third one is Kohunya. Data was collected using appropriated instruments such as questionnaires, observation schedules, and interviews. For the analysis and interpretation, Statistical Package for Social Science was used, which showed that some demographic factors such age groups and education can affect the sustainability of community projects after funding. Community participation, resource capacity and project management skills are all clearly affecting community-based projects. While each plays its own role, they also complement each other. All cooperative members confirmed that these factors are very important to be considered for sustainability.

NegotioPoly: a holistic gaming approach to negotiation teaching

Purpose Based on Behavioral Theory of Negotiations (Walton & McKersie, 1965), the purpose of this paper is to discuss the existing gap between negotiation theory and pedagogy and presents an experiential teaching tool that closes this gap. The tool is a ‘serious game’ (Abt, 1975) that reinforces all four core negotiation subprocesses while allowing students to practice their negotiation skills and several critical business competencies in a realistic and improvisational context. Design/methodology/approach After successfully using NegotioPoly for five years, qualitative and quantitative data were collected in three sections of negotiation classes to assess student learning and behaviors while playing NegotioPoly and to collect student feedback on the effectiveness of NegotioPoly in teaching and reinforcing key negotiation skills. Findings Findings support that NegotioPoly is highly effective in engaging students in a series of realistic negotiations, joint problem solving and strategic decision-making. Results show that, during the game, students demonstrate their negotiation skills and learnings, and they practice all four negotiation subprocesses of distributive, integrative and intraorganizational bargaining and attitudinal structuring. Practical implications NegotioPoly enables students to engage in distributive and integrative bargaining, multiple levels of negotiations and coalitions in quick succession. Students practice organizational politics and adjust their negotiations based on relationships and social realities, as they demonstrate advanced deal-making behaviors and core business competencies of problem solving, decision-making, analytical skills and ability to work with others. Social implications NegotioPoly reinforces core business competencies such as negotiation, problem solving, analytical skills and the ability to work in teams that employers look for and, therefore, is a useful tool for preparing students for the business world. Originality/value NegotioPoly is an experiential learning tool that closes the gap between negotiation theory and pedagogy while providing deep learning and realistic practice opportunities for students where they can use their negotiation skills in a gaming environment that uses multi-party and multi-round negotiations.

Early signs of polyphony in constitutional literature: a case study of carnival elemnts in charand parand by Ali Akbar Dehkhoda

Among the notable literary texts that emerged during the Iranian constitutional period for criticizing tyranny and monopoly in political, social, and cultural affairs was Charand Parand by Ali Akbar Dehkhoda. It was a significant text due to the realistic depiction of both formal and informal political discourses. The importance of this article which is based on discourse theory lies in how it challenges the dominant discourse of power in Dehkhoda's work. The purpose of this research is to apply the theory of dialogism and the role of Bakhtin's carnival elements in Charand Parand, in order to study the polyphonic category and the role of carnival elements in creating a polyphonic atmosphere and confronting authoritarian discourse. The article attempts to answers the question: how the Cognitive stylistics methods provide the liberal writer of constitutional era with opportunities to speak and be heard forand of spoken and marginalized discourses and voices.

Understanding Dialogue: Language Use and Social Interaction

Understanding Dialogue: Language Use and Social Interaction

Modeling and prediction of human negotiation behavior in human-computer negotiation

• This study proposes a segmented linear regression Strategy (SLR) model, which can predict the opponent's future offer patterns. • Segmented linear regression method can model complex concession behavior dynamically. • A theoretical framework is built upon the hope-based and game-based negotiation theories. • The model is validated empirically through computer-to-computer and human-to-computer negotiation experiments based on a prototype system. With increasing e-commerce activities, the human–computer negotiation mechanism for online transactions emerges. This study proposes a segmented linear regression strategy (SLR) model, which can predict the opponent's future offer patterns and dynamically adjust the model parameters according to the opponent's behavior. We use the hope-based (behavior-oriented) and game-based (technical-oriented) negotiation theories as the theory ground to explicate the logic of the agent's negotiation strategy. Upon which we propose a theoretical model of bilateral negotiation as the framework for designing the SLR model. We then propose the testable hypotheses to evaluate the utility of the proposed model against the benchmark results. We build a prototype system and empirically test the hypotheses using computer-to-computer (CtC) and human-to-computer (HtC) negotiation experiments. The empirical results show that the proposed system outperforms the benchmark system in both CtC and HtC negotiations regarding deal price and utility. The proposed model provides an automated negotiation solution for online platforms that can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their negotiation capability.

Konflik Antar Etnis di Indonesia dalam Analisis Face Negotiation Theory

Indonesia is known as a country with a pluralistic society. With the wealth of ethnicity, ethnicity, race, and religion in it, this multicultural society then becomes prone to friction. Not to mention the differences in terms of language, customs, and habits in it. These frictions will in turn lead to conflicts which are then unavoidable. The study of inter-ethnic conflict in Indonesia in the analysis of face negotiation theory was carried out with several objectives, which are: to explain the analysis of face negotiation theory in several cases of ethnic conflict that occurred in Indonesia so that it is expected to be taken into consideration in preventing or dealing with similar conflicts. The method used in this research is qualitative with data sources obtained through literature study (Creswell, 2012). The result of the research is that in the Indonesian phenomenon, many sources said that usually the way Indonesian people in determining their attitude during conflict are by integration or mutual - face. Where the characteristics in it are Apologize, Private talk, Remain calm, Problem solve, and Respect. This behavior is a characteristic of collectivistic culture that is indeed embraced by Indonesian people in general

LINKING COMMUNICATION PRACTICE TO THE IDENTITY NEGOTIATION THEORY

The reclamation case of Benoa Bay, Bali, involves businessmen and cultural observers who want reclamation against residents, artists, cultural observers, and environmentalists who reject reclamation. The fact that there are economic, cultural, and environmental debates between the two sides, in this case, shows that a win-win solution could be achieved. Even so, the end of this case is a zero-sum game, where the party who rejects the reclamation wins the conflict. The future of Benoa Bay is still uncertain because the threat of reclamation always exists. This study applies identity negotiation theory as a cross-cultural communication instrument that can produce win-win solutions. The analysis was carried out on communication events that were documented in the course of the Benoa Bay reclamation case. The results show that the communication problems that occur in the Benoa Bay reclamation case can be resolved using the identity negotiation theory approach. Specifically, it was shown that the Benoa Bay reclamation case occurred multi-level in the socio-historical system of the Balinese and Indonesian people, that this conflict contained elements of moral conflict, that each party had a collection of multifaceted identities, respectful dialogue supported by an open and listening attitude did not occur. the frame that is built is bipolar, and inclusive pluralism does not work. Some recommendations were formulated to lead to a win-win situation in such cases.

PREVENTIF STATE ASSET MANAGEMENT VS SULTAN GROUND: A STUDY CASE IN SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA

This research uses principal negotiation theory to identify further a dispute emerging between the state asset manager, the central government, and the special local government, the sultanate government. This study examines the dispute resolution and the implementation of the dispute resolution between applying the Yogyakarta Privileges Act to the management of State Property. This research uses study literature, secondary data and then is analyzed qualitatively. This study explains that dispute resolution outside the court is more effective and efficient in managing state property. The costs incurred are enormous, and the time required is extensive. Therefore, it is better to immediately design policies, breakthroughs, and arrangements for resolving disputes between state property and sultanate ground. This study was conducted in the Indonesian context. However, the study's findings may not be generalizable to State Asset Management in other countries, especially the Western ones. These findings are likely to have significant implications for State Asset Management in designing and implementing how to resolve dispute problems in asset management in the unique region of Yogyakarta.

Kajian Dinamika Kesetaraan Gender Pada Film Ki dan Ka

Patriarchal culture has long been rooted in society, regulating all aspects of life for both men and women. One of them is married life. Men and women are equally required to fulfill traditional roles according to patriarchal standards. Men are required to provide breadwinners, while women only do domestic work. Women work only to support their husbands. Ki&Ka film tries to show a different role from what is usual in society. So this film aims to describe the visualization of the dynamics of gender equality in the Ki & Ka film. The theory used in this research is the Identity Negotiation Theory by Stella Ting-Toomey. This theory seeks to explore the ways in which identity is negotiated in interactions with other people, especially in different cultures. The method used is semiotic analysis, by trying to analyze the symbols that appear in this film. The results showed that Ki and Ka were able to show the dynamics of identity negotiations such as efforts to fit in with the environment, showing self-identity and the turmoil of people around when gender equality was trying to be applied in society.

The relationship between public-relations and journalists in WhatsApp technology

The concept of give and take is well-rooted in the relationship between journalists and public relations (PR). But despite the importance of the concept to the success of their bond, the concept is slightly tested through a modern technological point of view. This study examines the way PR and journalists, are simultaneously give-and-take on IM (Instant Messaging) technology. It appears that this sort of technological platforms continually awakens the consequence of collegiality at work. They nourish a new type of voluntary professional dialogical communities. Hence, by relaying on the Dialogic theory and by adopting a triple research method: walkthrough method for exploring and extracting data from professional IM group chats (N = 34), descriptive survey of media users (N = 216) and semi-structured interviews with active communication jobholders (N = 6) – the study sheds new light on the love-hate relationship of PR experts and journalists. The findings indicate that the WhatsApp platform specifically is, in fact, an alternative online tribal city square of communication jobholders.

Wielding power in multiparty negotiations: the impact of communication medium and assertiveness

PurposeThe medium negotiators choose for communication will influence both process and outcome. To understand how medium influences power expression, this paper aims to compare value claiming by asymmetrically powerful negotiators, using face-to-face and computer-mediated messaging across two studies. Following up on long-standing conjectures from prominent coalition researchers, the authors also directly tested the role of the apex negotiator's personality in coalition formation and value expropriation.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two laboratory experiments which manipulated communication medium (computer-mediated vs face-to-face) in three- and four-person bargaining. They also varied asymmetry of power so the apex negotiator either could not be left out of a winning coalition (Study 1) or could be (Study 2). The authors measured trait assertiveness along with multiple indicators of hard bargaining behavior.FindingsCommunicating using instant messages via a computer interface facilitated value claiming for powerful negotiators across both studies. Trait assertiveness correlated with hard bargaining behavior in both studies. An index of hard bargaining behavior mediated the effect of assertiveness on value expropriation but only in the context where the powerful negotiator held a genuine monopoly over coalitions.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature on multiparty negotiations by demonstrating persistent media effects on power utilization and by finally confirming the conjectures of prominent coalition researchers regarding personality. Though personality traits generate consistent effects on behavior, their influence on negotiation outcomes depends on the power structure. Negotiation theory needs to incorporate structural and situational factors in modelling effects of enduring traits. Negotiation research should move beyond a rigid focus on dyads.

The (Un-)Importance of Generational Dialogue in Georgian Political Tradition

The aim of this paper is to examine the importance of generational dialogue in the Georgian political tradition. The research statement of this paper is that the generational dialogue in Georgia, which is not particularly rooted in the political tradition, is currently flat and unconstant. In addition, due to the current situation of Georgia related to the democratization of the state, a new chapter for Georgian generational dialogue can be opened. To analyze this research problem, I have used a number of research methods based partly on secondary and primary sources, i.e. expert interviews were conducted online with Georgian researchers from the Ivane Javakhivshvili Tbilisi State University and Ilia State University. The paper is a snapshot of the theory of generational dialogue, and it presents the work of Polish scientists. Moreover, it examines the generational dialogue in the post-Soviet area, and this analysis can be developed in further scientific publications. The study of generational dialogue is essential for analyzing the perception of democracy and democratization among the generations in Georgia.