Di-tert-butyl Peroxide Research Articles

High‐Performance Synaptic Devices Based on Cross‐linked Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Dual Ion Gel

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) represent a promising approach for flexible, wearable, biomedical electronics, and sensors integrated with diverse substrates. Their ability to operate at low voltages and interact effectively with biological systems makes them particularly suitable for neuromorphic applications. For neuromorphic devices, OECTs must enhance electrical performance, biocompatibility, and signal storage/erasure capabilities. While UV cross‐linking methods with various side effects on organic semiconductors are predominant in improving mobility and current retention time, thermal cross‐linking based on the solution process has not been extensively explored. Additionally, despite significant research on the modification of electrolyte property, the ionic charge compensation mechanisms between multiple electrolytes are still unclear. This study employs a cross‐linking strategy involving the chemical reaction of poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) (P3HT) with di‐tert‐butyl‐peroxide (DTBP) to create a cross‐linked P3HT active layer. Furthermore, a dual ion gel structure combining a conventional ion gel with a chitosan‐based ion gel is investigated for increased ionic transport to enhance OECT performance. Using the above two methods, the enhanced electrical performance showing the mobility of 25 F cm−1 V−1 s−1 and synaptic properties showing long‐term plasticity of cross‐linked OECTs with a dual ion gel structure are demonstrated, suggesting their potential application as high‐performance neuromorphic devices.

Enantioselective Propargylic C(sp3)-H Acyloxylation Enabled by Photoexcited Copper Catalysis.

Direct C-H bond functionalization is an efficient method for modifying organic molecules. However, achieving high enantioselectivity and regioselectivity in asymmetric C-H functionalization, particularly of C(sp3)-H bonds, remains challenging. This study introduces an enantioselective propargylic C(sp3)-H acyloxylation using photoexcited copper catalysis. The reaction demonstrated tolerance for various alkynes and peroxides, producing chiral propargyl esters in high yields and enantiomeric excess. Furthermore, the method was successfully extended to a diverse array of carboxylic acids in the presence of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), significantly broadening its applicability.

Reproducible Superinsulation Materials: Organosilica-Based Hybrid Aerogels with Flexibility Control

In this study, we report highly crosslinked hybrid aerogels with an organic backbone based on vinylmethyldimethoxysilane (VMDMS) with tuneable properties. For an improved and highly reproducible synthesis, a prepolymer based on 2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4V4) and VMDMS as monomers was prepared and purified. Di-tert-butylperoxide (DTBP) concentrations of 1 mol% initiate the radical polymerization of the mentioned monomers to achieve high yields of polymers. After purification, the obtained viscous polyorganosilane precursor could be reproducibly crosslinked with dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMDMS) or methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to form gels in benzylic alcohol (BzOH), water (H2O) and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH). Whereas freeze-drying these silica-based hybrid aerogels led to high thermal conductivity (>20 mW m−1K−1) and very fragile materials, useful aerogels were obtained via solvent exchange and supercritical drying with CO2. The DMDMS-based aerogels exhibit enhanced compressibility (31% at 7 kPa) and low thermal conductivity (16.5 mW m−1K−1) with densities around (0.111 g cm−3). The use of MTMS results in aerogels with lower compressibility (21% at 7 kPa) and higher density (0.124 g cm−3) but excellent insulating properties (14.8 mW m−1K−1).

Numerical Investigations on Reducing Unburned Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions in Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Using Partial Reactivity Stratification with Alternative Fuels and Additive

<div>A numerical investigation has been performed in the current work on reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI), a low-temperature combustion (LTC) strategy that is beneficial for achieving lower oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) and soot emission. A light-duty diesel engine was modified to run in RCCI mode. Experimental data were acquired using diesel as HRF (high-reactivity fuel) and gasoline as LRF (low reactivity fuel) to check the accuracy and fidelity of predicted results. Blends of ethanol and gasoline with DTBP (di-tert-butyl peroxide) addition in a small fraction on an energy basis were used in numerical simulations to promote ignitability and reactivity enhancement of PFI charge. Achieving stable, smooth, and gradual combustion in RCCI is challenging at low loads, especially in light-duty engines, due to misfiring and poor combustion stability. DTBP is known for enhancing cetane number and accelerating combustion, and it is mixed in a PFI blend to avoid combustion deterioration. The factors governing reactivity stratification to achieve optimal combustion phasing were investigated in the present study. DTBP decomposition and its low-temperature oxidation chemistry were found to be responsible for affecting combustion phasing, heat release patterns, and emission trends. DTBP additive and different in-cylinder strategies were applied and studied to reduce unburned emissions. Adopting a multiple injection approach utilizing dual-pulse assisted in reducing HC and CO levels. It enhances combustion quality by providing adequate control over combustion phasing. Altering operating parameters like intake temperatures reduced HC, CO, and soot emissions by 97.6%, 57.6%, and 52.8%, respectively, compared to baseline gasoline/diesel RCCI data. Optimizing the injection timings of the first and second pulse helps achieve optimal combustion phasing and a 72.95% reduction in NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. The higher injection pressure of DI helped lower the CO and soot emissions by 53.33% and 51.84%, respectively.</div>

Synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds using N,N-dimethylacetamides as an electrophilic carbon source.

In this study, N-heterocyclic compounds were synthesized using nitrogen-containing nucleophilic substrates and electrophilic carbon sources derived from N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). Depending on the nucleophilic groups, N-heterocyclic compounds such as 4-quinazolinones, pyrrole-quinoxalines, and dihydro-benzothiadiazine dioxides were produced. Carbon, adjacent to the nitrogen in DMAc, was activated in the presence of FeCl3·6H2O and di-t-butyl peroxide (DTBP). This procedure was considered an economical synthetic method because it utilized iron catalysts and DMAc as an electrophilic carbon source and a solvent.

Combination of high cetane diesel fuel and post injection mode in a diesel engine: A path towards lower exhaust emissions

The major objective of the presented work is to explore the effect of post injection (PI) strategy using neat diesel fuel (D100) blended with cetane number enhancer (CNE). The motive behind adding CNE in diesel fuel was to lower its self-ignition temperature and hence delay period subsequently. This can lead to more efficient combustion of post injected fuel which leads to lower incomplete combustion losses. The CNE used was Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) which was blended with D100 in proportion of 1 % by volume. Initially experiments were conducted with D100 under various PI modes where variation of post injection timing (PIT) as well as post quantity (PQ) was considered. The experimental results showed that implementing PI resulted in lower smoke, unburned hydrocarbon (UHC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions compared to single injection while affecting fuel consumption negatively. Then after similar experiments under various PI modes were repeated using blends of D100 and DTBP (D/DTBP) and results were compared with D100 case. It was found that addition of CNE in D100 resulted in more complete combustion of post fuel which further reduced CO and UHC emissions. The shorter delay period in case of D/DTBP blend compared to D100 case led to lower NOx emissions as well as higher smoke emissions. The obtained results revealed that PI mode with 3 mg PQ and 20° after top dead center (ATDC) PIT with D/DTBP blend offered 41.18 %, 17.55 %, 64 % and 62.5 % reduction in smoke, NOx, UHC and CO emissions respectively compared to single injection mode using D100 fuel.

Analysis of the behavior of a gas-generating system under runaway conditions in a closed vessel

In the event of a runaway reaction, emergency relief systems (ERS) act as the last line of defense against the vessel explosion. To date, ERS design for scenarios involving the runaway of chemical mixtures that generate gaseous reaction products remains very challenging as it requires the prediction of the gas generation rate under runaway conditions at large scale. Current methodologies for the assessment of the gas generation rate are based on pseudo-adiabatic calorimetric experiments at laboratory scale in which the temperature and pressure profiles resulting from the runaway are used to assess the gas generation rate using the ideal gas law. The gas generation rate needs to be further corrected for the thermal inertia (φ-factor), of the calorimetric cell used (φ>1) to predict large scale behavior (φ≈1). The work described in this paper focuses on evaluating the capability of this approach to accurately assess the gas generation rate. It uses a dynamic simulator tool based on rigorous thermodynamics to calculate the temperature, pressure, and the composition of each component in a closed vessel containing a gas generating reactive mixture (decomposition of 20 % w/w di-tert butyl peroxide in toluene) under runaway conditions over a range of initial vessel fill levels. The results were analyzed to develop a better understanding of the phenomena that govern the thermal behavior of the mixture, the overall pressurization of the vessel, rate of generation of the gaseous products and its distribution in the liquid and vapor phase of the vessel as the runaway reaction occurs. The simulated pressure, temperature and phase composition data rigorously calculated by the simulator were used to assess and highlight the limitations of using the temperature and pressure in a closed vessel and the ideal gas law to evaluate the gas generation rate. The simulations were also used to evaluate the validity of φ-factor correction methods currently available in the literature.

Di-tert-butyl Peroxide (DTBP)-Promoted Heterocyclic Ring Construction

Abstract: Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) is one of the most widely used organic peroxides in a variety of oxidative transformations. The main factors contributing to the increasing use of DTBP are its affordability, minimal environmental impact, great effectiveness, and capacity to substitute scarce or dangerous heavy metal oxidants. We have reviewed critically and succinctly the noteworthy applications of DTBP in heterocyclic ring constructions from 2014 onwards in this decennial update. The main components of this evaluation are the pros and cons of its use, the scope of a synthetic organic transformation, and mechanistic logistics.

Effect on polytropic index, performance and emission of diesel engine using hydrogen as gaseous fuel with additive di-tert butyl peroxide

Diesel engines are commonly used due to its higher reliability and better fuel conversion efficiency. However, it produces exhaust emissions like carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter (PM). Hydrogen gas is regarded as a clean fuel as it is free from carbon. The addition of hydrogen fuel enhances the burning rates and extends the flammability limits of fossil fuels, and therefore has the potential of reduced exhaust emission in diesel engines operating on dual fuel mode. This paper has investigated the effect of hydrogen addition to the performance and emissions of a single-cylinder diesel engine, working in dual fuel mode with additive di-tert butyl peroxide (DTBP). About 25% hydrogen was introduced into the cylinder on a mass basis via the engine intake manifold with the addition of additive di-tert butyl peroxide up to 5% in diesel fuel. In this experimental study, mean gas temperature, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), polytropic index, and exhaust emissions were studied at medium (53%) and high (69%) load conditions. The indicated mean effective and brake mean effective pressure was 9.79 bar with a 3% addition of additive and 4.15 bar with the 5% addition of additive as compared with 8.71 bar and 4.11 bar diesel fuel operation. 16% hydrogen addition with 1% di-tert butyl peroxide, IMEP, and BMEP are 10.92 bar, and 4.14 bar respectively.

Access to N-Fused Quinazolinones by Radical-Promoted Cascade Annulations of Alkenyl N-Cyanamides with Aromatic Aldehydes.

A cascade radical cyclization of alkenyl N-cyanamides with aromatic aldehydes has been achieved for an expeditious synthesis of keto-methylated dihydropyrrolo-quinazolinones. Benzoyl radicals, generated from aryl aldehydes in the presence of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), promoted the domino annulations leading to distinctive functionalized quinazolinones in good yields. In addition, the robustness of the present protocol is validated by employing heterocyclic and natural product-based aldehydes.

TBHP: A Sustainable Alternative For Carbon‐Oxygen Bond Formation

AbstractOver past few decades, synthetic chemists are working tirelessly for the development of environmentally benign and economically competent carbon‐oxygen bond formation processes. Various oxidizing reagents and catalysts are being used to serve this purpose. Among all, t‐butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) has emerged as a greener and economically viable oxygen source, radical initiator and precursor of t‐BuO⋅ and t‐BuOO⋅ radicals. It has been extensively utilized as a reagent for the synthesis of epoxides, ketones, secondary alcohols, heterocyclic rings like benzofurans, isoquinoline and many more. The present review will unfold the recent advancements made in the field of TBHP‐promoted C−O bond formation.

Optimization and impact of modified operating parameters of a diesel engine emissions characteristic utilizing waste fat biodiesel/di-tert-butyl peroxide blend

This study comprehensively investigated the transesterification process of converting waste pork fat oil into biodiesel as a fuel for the common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine. In addition, Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) is used as an ignition enhancer to minimize exhaust gas emissions. The test fuels are diesel and diesel-waste pork fat biodiesel (WPFB)-DTBP blend (B20DTBP10 by volume), were used to analyze the engine outcome parameters with modified engines operating conditions like various compression ratios (CRs 16, 17.5, and 19) and injection pressures (IPs 400, 500 and 600 bar) at maximum load. The experiment results revealed that higher CRs and IPs, the heat release rate (HRR) and cylinder pressure increased. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is enhanced by increasing CRs and IPs but lowered than neat diesel. Smoke opacity decreased while increasing CRs and IPs. At CR 19 and IP 600 bar, smoke opacity decreased by 18.29%, related to baseline diesel. Increasing CRs and IPs lowered HC and CO emissions, but increasing IPs increased both emissions. HC and CO emissions were lowered in CR 19 and IP 500 bar by 21.73% and 28.49% more than neat diesel. The lower CRs and IPs, the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions decreased, but further increasing CRs and IPs, the NOx emissions increased. Compared to baseline diesel, NOx emissions decreased in CR 16 and IP 400 bar by 15.49%. It was discovered that with increasing CRs and IPs, the emissions decreased with a minor rise in NOx emissions. Furthermore, the experimental results matched the predictions of an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The research concluded that the blend B20DTBP10 with modified engine operating conditions CRs and IPs suits diesel engine operation.

Insights into Recent Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive and Redox C-C Coupling of Electrophiles, C(sp3)-H Bonds and Alkenes.

ConspectusTransition metal-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling of two carbon electrophiles, also known as cross-electrophile coupling (XEC), has transformed the landscape of C-C coupling chemistry. Nickel catalysts, in particular, have demonstrated exceptional performance in facilitating XEC reactions, allowing for diverse elegant transformations by employing various electrophiles to forge C-C bonds. Nevertheless, several crucial challenges remain to be addressed. First, the intrinsic chemoselectivity between two structurally similar electrophiles in Ni-catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp2)-C(sp2) cross-coupling has not been well understood; this necessitates an excess of one of the coupling partners to achieve synthetically useful outcomes. Second, the substitution of economically and environmentally benign nonmetal reductants for Zn/Mn can help scale up XEC reactions and avoid trace metals in pharmaceutical products, but research in this direction has progressed slowly. Finally, it is highly warranted to leverage mechanistic insights from Ni-catalyzed XEC to develop innovative thermoredox coupling protocols, specifically designed to tackle challenges associated with difficult substrates such as C(sp3)-H bonds and unactivated alkenes.In this Account, we address the aforementioned issues by reviewing our recent work on the reductive coupling of C-X and C-O electrophiles, the thermoredox strategy for coupling associated with C(sp3)-H bonds and unactivated alkenes, and the use of diboron esters as nonmetal reductants to achieve reductive coupling. We focus on the mechanistic perspectives of the transformations, particularly how the key C-NiIII-C intermediates are generated, in order to explain the chemoselective and regioselective coupling results. The Account consists of four sections. First, we discuss the Zn/Mn-mediated chemoselective C(sp2)-C(sp2) and C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond formations based on the coupling of selected alkyl/aryl, allyl/benzyl, and other electrophiles. Second, we describe the use of diboron esters as versatile reductants to achieve C(sp3)-C(sp3) and C(sp3)-C(sp2) couplings, with an emphasis on the mechanistic consideration for the construction of C(sp3)-C(sp2) bonds. Third, we discuss leveraging C(sp3)-O bonds for effective C(sp3)-C bond formation via in situ halogenation of alcohols as well as the reductive preparation of α-vinylated and -arylated unusual amino esters. In the final section, we illustrate the thermoredox functionalization of challenging C(sp3)-H bonds with aryl and alkyl halides to afford C(sp3)-C bonds by taking advantage of the compatibility of Zn with the oxidant di-tert-butylperoxide (DTBP). Furthermore, we discuss a Ni-catalyzed and SiH/DTBP-mediated hydrodimerization of terminal alkenes to selectively forge head-to-head and methyl branched C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds. This process, conducted in the presence or absence of catalytic CuBr2, provides a solution to a long-standing challenge: site-selective hydrocoupling of unactivated alkenes to produce challenging C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds.

Efficacy of initiators on fuel conversion, heat sink, and coke propensity of hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical environment

The investigation includes the cracking characteristics of a multi-component hydrocarbon fuel with a boiling range of 149–224 °C under supercritical environments. The impact of reactor pressure and the influence of initiators on cracking characteristics, such as fuel conversion, coke deposition, gas and liquid product distribution pattern, and heat sink capacities, of the fuel are examined explicitly. The fuel conversion improved by 70.8% as the reactor pressure increased from 2.5 MPa to 5.5 MPa at 650 °C. However, the coke deposition also increased by 55% for the corresponding pressure range. A decrease in the olefin-to-alkane ratio with pressure signifies the possibility of a reduction in unimolecular decomposition reactions and an increase in bimolecular reactions. The efficacy of two initiators, namely triethylamine (TEA) and di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), on heat sinks and coke deposition was also examined. Between the two initiators, the nitrogen-based TEA initiator showed better performance in terms of fuel conversion and coke deposition rate, and the oxygen-based DTBP offered better heat sink capacity. About 22% increment in endothermicity was obtained with 1 wt% DTBP loading at 650 °C under 5.5 MPa pressure.

Performance evaluation approach for accelerating rate calorimeters by means of Joule heat

Currently, the commonly used performance evaluation approach for accelerating rate calorimeters (ARCs) is based on di‑tert‑butyl peroxide (DTBP). However, DTBP is not a certified reference material that contains untraceable and inaccurate thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. To address this issue, an evaluation approach using Joule heat was proposed. The key point of this approach is the use of Joule heat to simulate the exothermic process of a chemical reaction. First, an evaluation apparatus with reaction rate feedback control was developed. Subsequently, exothermic reaction experiments using the DTBP/toluene solution were simulated. The experimental results indicated that the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters obtained using this approach align with the preset values and exhibit good repeatability. This approach is traceable and can be traced back to the International System of Units, which facilitates reliable performance evaluation of commercial ARCs.

Copper‐Catalyzed Radical Silylarylation of Activated Alkenes: Preparation of β‐Silyl Amide‐Pharmaceutical Hybrids

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed silylarylation of N‐(arylsulfonyl)acrylamides via a tandem silyl radical addition/1,4‐aryl migration/desulfonylation sequence has been developed. This method employs silanes as the precursor of silyl radical and di‐tert‐butyl peroxide (DTBP) as the initiator. By using this cascade procedure, a series of β‐silyl amide‐pharmaceutical hybrids which contain an α‐all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter were facilely synthesized.

Potential of 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) and di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) to enhance the cetane number of ethanol, a detailed chemical kinetic study

Ethanol is one of the most promising renewable liquid fuels to decarbonize the internal combustion engine due to its high production capacity, reasonable cost and low carbon intensity. At the same time, diesel engines are preferred over other powertrain technologies in most hard-to-electrify applications, such as heavy-duty, off-road, marine and rail. However, ethanol’s properties are not suitable for modern diesel engines with ignitability being the main technical barrier for ethanol compression-ignition combustion. Cetane improvers, such as 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) or di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) may be a solution to enable diesel-like ethanol combustion, but the potential of those additives to increase the cetane number of ethanol is still unclear.In this investigation, detailed chemical kinetic simulations were performed to better understand the mechanisms by which EHN and DTBP affect the ignition reactivity of ethanol. Sub-models of EHN and DTBP chemistry were merged with a chemical kinetic mechanism for ethanol and validated against experimental data. Rate of production analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed to better understand the reactions and species that control the autoignition of ethanol additized with EHN or DTBP. The formation and accumulation of acetaldehyde from ethanol-derived radicals is the bottleneck for ignition, since the remaining ethanol acts as a sink of the OH radicals required for the decomposition of acetaldehyde. A simple model to predict the derived cetane number of fuel blends is proposed and used to estimate the effectiveness of EHN and DTBP in improving the reactivity of ethanol. EHN works better as an additive as compared to DTBP, as it speeds up the main decomposition reactions of the fuel by providing the necessary OH radicals as compared to CH3 provided by DTBP.

Effect of Di-tert Butyl Peroxide on Diesel Engine Performance Fuelled by Biodiesel Blends

This study is motivated by the fact that the vegetable oils are being considered as the fuel of the future for the internal combustion engines, especially the compression ignition engines which are working with diesel as fuel. Different approaches for using the vegetable oils in CI engines as fuel are either to modify the oils to match with that of diesel to run successfully with these oils. Fuel additives are compounds formulated to enhance the quality and efficiency of the fuels used in motor vehicles. There are several benefits associated with the use of fuel additives. Di-tert butyl peroxide (DTBP) is effective for enhance the quality and efficiency of the fuels used in CI engine. The investigation was to check the feasibility of di-tert butyl peroxide as an additive in different blends of diesel and jetropha bio-diesel on engine performance. The short-term tests on an unmodified diesel engine were conducted using the bio diesel and di-tert butyl peroxide blends (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 100 per cent and 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 per cent) with diesel. The engine performance and emission characteristics were measured during the short-term test. In all types of fuel, with increased percentage of load, brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) of the engine was observed to be decreased, on the other hand brake thermal efficiency, fuel consumption rate, sound level (db.), exhaust temperature, and the engine exhaust emissions like CO2, CO, HC and NOx was increased, respectively.

Reducing NOx emission from palm biodiesel/diesel blends in CI engine: A comparative study of cetane improvement techniques through hydrogenation and fuel additives

In this study, the trans-esterification process prepared palm oil biodiesel and 20% biodiesel blended with diesel (PB20) by volume as test fuel. Unsaturated fatty acids are majorly influenced by biodiesel cetane number. This work examines two-fuel reformulation methods of fuel hydrogenation and addition of fuel additive di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) to enhance the engine characteristics of a PB20 blend while maintaining emission control. A reactor (autoclave) was utilized for hydrogenating the palm biodiesel and examining the change in fuel composition using gas chromatography. DTBP is selected as the cetane enhancer and combined with PB20 at a 2000 ppm concentration. Tamson FBT equipment was utilized to evaluate the test fuel's filterability. The filterability, engine characteristics, and emissions were investigated for diesel (D0), PB20, HPB20, and PB20 + DTBP fuel blends in the compression ignition test engine. The FBT results reveal that PB20 and HPB20 have better filtration quality, which aligns with the standard requirements (ASTM D2068-14). An improved NOx (10.2%) and brake thermal efficiency (6.7%) are seen at engine full loads when using modified B20 fuels. The hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and smoke emissions decreased by 8.3%, 6%, and 10.14% compared to diesel fuel. Hence, partial hydrogenation has been a better approach to improving biodiesel trade-off features than DTBP addition.

Investigation on the reaction characteristics and influencing factors of thermal runaway of di-tert-butyl peroxide

Thermal runaway reactions of organic peroxides often cause accidents. To improve the chemical production safety, pressure vessel test studies were conducted on the thermal runaway reaction of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP). The effects of furnace temperature and sample mass on the runaway reaction characteristics were discussed, and the venting phenomenon was captured by high-speed camera. The results indicated that the thermal runaway reaction of DTBP includes thermal decomposition, explosion, and venting. The combined effects of heat release, gas production, and boiling that occur simultaneously increase the complexity of decomposition process. If DTBP is completely vaporized before venting, an explosion is triggered. For the same sample mass, the higher the furnace temperature, the faster the rise in temperature and pressure, and the shorter the decomposition reaction time. For the same furnace temperature, the larger the sample mass, the later the thermal decomposition, and the greater the pressure rise rate after boiling. Furthermore, as the furnace temperature increases and the sample mass decreases, it is more likely to cause an explosion, whereas there are no significant changes in the venting characteristics during the pressure drop process. This work can provide a reference for process safety and risk control of organic peroxides.