Deviant Attitudes Research Articles

Analysis of Evaluation of Cognitive, Affective and Psychomotor Levels in RPP Aqidah Moral Class XI MA Muallimat Malang with Revised Bloom's Taxonomy

This research uses Bloom's Taxonomy Theory and analyzes the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) for Aqidah Akhlak lessons in Class XI Madrasah Aliyah Muallimat Malang City. Systematic data analysis is a descriptive qualitative research method. National Education focuses on cultivating students' talents/potential to become people who are devout/faithful, have good morals, insightful and responsible. In the Revised Method, Bloom's Taxonomy consists of three domains: the cognitive domain focuses on the intellectual aspect, the affective domain contains behavior and activities related to the application of the values of Islamic teachings, for example the application of behavior or customs, and the psychomotor domain focuses on the function of motor skills. or physical skills. and learning media such as direct learning, questions and answers, discussions etc. For research results related to implementation, deviant attitudes and actions, such as lying and lack of discipline. Based on data analysis of the results of the formulation of the RPP MA Muallimat Malang City, the presentation reached 64.5% at level C4.

CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF THE MINOR. AN ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT REGULATION IN THE LIGHT OF INTERNATIONAL RULES FOR SANCTIONING JUVENILE OFFENDERS. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MEASURES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF JUDICIAL PRACTICE

This article aims to highlight the most appropriate way of sanctioning criminally responsible minors. Recent research, on which we will focus, has shown that the family and social environment determines a behavioral imprint in the minor’s upbringing, which can lead to both prosocial behavior and some deviant attitudes. Affirming the same idea, international regulations have taken up these conclusions and stated proposals for regulations to place juvenile offenders in an environment that will ensure a beneficial reorientation of their behavior. This is why, from the Beijing Rules to the Havana Rules, educational measures have been proposed as measures for punishing juvenile offenders, with a predominantly educational and secondary, punitive role. Adopting the same line of regulation, the current Criminal Code has created a new system of sanctioning juvenile offenders, involving only educational measures. We will reflect on this method of sanctioning, highlighting both the positive aspects of the present regulation and reflecting on the aspects that need improvement.

The Application Of Islamic Psychotherapy To Community In Social Environment

This research is based on problems that arise and are faced by the social environment, these problems are behaviors and attitudes that deviate or are not in accordance with the norms and values ​​that should be. This study aims to see and analyze, namely the following: First, the role and function of religion in dealing with social problems, Second, the role and function of psychotherapy in overcoming social problems. Third, how religious psychotherapy can change deviant attitudes and behavior. This research method uses book or literature reviews. The results in this study are, first, religion or a key approach that is more effective in dealing with social problems. Second, psychotherapy can be or function as preventive (prevention), curative (healing) and constructive (maintaining mental health). Third, religious psychotherapy can change deviant attitudes and behavior.

Development of PeCiKu TAHeS Educational Media (Hand Washing Habits and Short Nails for Grat and Healthy Children) to Increase Knowledge and Attitudes to Prevent Covid 19 at Tanjungsari 2 Elementary School, Blitar City

Promotion of healthy lifestyle habits of washing hands and short nails in pre-childrenat Tanjungsasi 2 Elementary School is one form of prevention against deviant attitudes andlifestyles. This study used the Pre-Experimental method: The One Group Pretest-PosttestDesign. The research subjects consisted of 60 elementary school students in grades 3 and 4divided into groups of 5 students each as users of the APE Educational Media PeCiKuTAHeS and 30 parents/guardians/teachers, 1 psychologist as an assessor of EducationalMedia Educational Game Tools PeCiKu TAHeS at Tanjungsari 2 Elementary School BlitarCity. The research object was the effectiveness of PeCiKu TAHeS Educational Game Tool(APE) in increasing the hand washing habits and short nails. Collecting data by givingquestionnaires before and after being given treatment to measure the hand washing habitsand short nails. and a media assessment checklist for media eligibility. The results of thepaired sample t-test showed that p = 0.000 (because p < ) then Ho was rejected and Ha wasaccepted, so there was a significant difference in the hand washing habits and short nailsbefore and after being given an intervention in the form of simulation games with PeCiKuTAHeS Educational Game Tool (APE), so it could be concluded that PeCiKu TAHeSEducational Game Tool (APE) was feasible and effective in increasing the habit ofwashing hands and short nails in schoolchild.

Explaining the drug-crime connection with peers, proactive criminal thinking, and victimization: Systemic, cognitive social learning, and person proximity mechanisms.

The principal objective of this study was to determine whether drugs and crime are systemically linked through the formation of delinquent peer associations. A panel of 1,760 adolescents (867 boys, 893 girls, ages 10-17) participated in a longitudinal study conducted over 4 waves, with a year between each wave. The results of a multiple serial causal mediation path analysis revealed that drug use at Wave 1 predicted a rise in delinquent peer associations at Wave 2, which, in turn, predicted an increase in proactive criminal thinking and personal victimization at Wave 3, both of which then proceeded to predict serious offending at Wave 4. Based on these results, it is concluded that drug use has the power to initiate and intensify involvement in a delinquent peer group, which then opens the door to learning deviant attitudes from and being victimized by members of this group, outcomes capable of motivating future offending behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Expectativas de masculinidades e feminilidades em memes: escola, juventudes e zoeira

O artigo discute algumas expectativas sociais relacionadas à masculinidade e feminilidade presentes nas relações entre estudantes do ensino médio de uma escola pública do Guarujá/SP, assim como o agenciamento produzido por eles/as. A reflexão emerge da aproximação etnográfica e da realização de Oficinas constitutivas da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa realizada na escola, orientadas pela perspectiva do/a jovem sujeito e que investem no diálogo a partir das diferenças e da desnaturalização de normatividades. Com o material de campo foi feita análise de conteúdo a partir de categorias organizadas em eixos. A escola, espaço importante de socialização de jovens, norteia a forma de se viver a feminilidade, a masculinidade e a sexualidade, geralmente apresentando apenas um caminho e deslegitimando corpos e atitudes que desviam dele. As redes sociais e os memes são aspectos centrais e organizadores das juventudes contemporâneas e, portanto, mais um espaço de socialização e construção de identidades culturais, que foram adotadas como disparadoras dos debates das Oficinas. Como resultado, identificou-se que a sexualidade é dimensão propensa a gerar conflitos na vivência dos/as participantes, em particular, colocando as meninas sob rígida vigilância, enquanto é estimulada para os meninos. A zoeira se mostrou ferramenta de agenciamento de forma distinta para rapazes e moças diante dos discursos de normatização, mas também serviu para reforçar ideias hegemônicas, quando as jovens evitam comportamentos que as coloquem na categoria «vadia» e os meninos na «viado». Em muitas situações, identificou-se que as expectativas de gênero podem ser violentas, na medida que limitam a experimentação sexual para as meninas e impedem a vivência da afetividade para os meninos. Entretanto, os/as jovens não se encerram em discursos e práticas normativas e podem ampliar seus repertórios quando se apresentam em diálogo, indicando a desestabilização de naturalizações em torno de masculinidades e feminilidades como possibilidades.

Minors protest activity in the urban environment as a result of the impact of Internet technologies

In the modern period, the minors’ involvement in illegal activities via Internet technologies is becoming an instrument for political propaganda and agitation of many people, including minors. This is a phenomenon of modern period of social life. The participation of minors in unauthorized protests, as an exclusively urban phenomenon, causes particular attention, since it is accompanied by a large public response and predetermines the development of deviant attitudes of minors. Objectives of the study: an attempt to identify the protest potential of minors in some regions of the Ural Federal District in an urban environment; determining the degree of influence of Internet technologies on the involvement of minors in protest activities. More than half of the respondents are facing political agitation in social networks; only 4-13% of minors feel the impact on formation of public position via the Internet; protest potential of minors can be estimated at 22% in the Tyumen Region, 14% in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area, and 8% in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area. The protest activity in regions under study in return for remuneration increases. Ratio of surveyed participants indicating that they have faced with political campaign via internet technologies (50-60%) and ratio of participants who have not faced (4-13%) could signal to the indirect impact.

Different Kinds of Lonely: Dimensions of Isolation and Substance Use in Adolescence.

Social isolation is broadly associated with poor mental health and risky behaviors in adolescence, a time when peers are critical for healthy development. However, expectations for isolates' substance use remain unclear. Isolation in adolescence may signal deviant attitudes or spur self-medication, resulting in higher substance use. Conversely, isolates may lack access to substances, leading to lower use. Although treated as a homogeneous social condition for teens in much research, isolation represents a multifaceted experience with structurally distinct network components that present different risks for substance use. This study decomposes isolation into conceptually distinct dimensions that are then interacted to create a systematic typology of isolation subtypes representing different positions in the social space of the school. Each isolated position's association with cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use is tested among 9th grade students (n = 10,310, 59% female, 83% white) using cross-sectional data from the PROSPER study. Different dimensions of isolation relate to substance use in distinct ways: unliked isolation is associated with lower alcohol use, whereas disengagement and outside orientation are linked to higher use of all three substances. Specifically, disengagement presents risks for cigarette and marijuana use among boys, and outside orientation is associated with cigarette use for girls. Overall, the adolescents disengaged from their school network who also identify close friends outside their grade are at greatest risk for substance use. This study indicates the importance of considering the distinct social positions of isolation to understand risks for both substance use and social isolation in adolescence.

Do Black students misbehave more? Investigating the differential involvement hypothesis and out-of-school suspensions

ABSTRACTBlack students are much more likely to be disciplined using out-of-school suspensions (OSS) compared with White students. One often-cited hypothesis, though relatively untested, is the role of misconduct and students attitudes that support deviant behavior. The differential involvement hypothesis suggests that disproportionate sanctioning may result if one group of students is engaged in greater levels of misbehavior compared with the other group. Using a national high school dataset, the author used various student-reported measures of misconduct (e.g., fighting) and 18 attitudes supporting deviant behavior (e.g., it is okay to disobey school rules) to investigate their association with receiving an OSS. Findings showed that misconduct and deviant attitudes were important factors in predicting the receipt of OSS though results indicated that Black students did not generally misbehave or endorse deviant attitudes more than White students did.

Self-Control, Social Consequences, and Street Youths’ Attitudes towards Police

Data from a self-report survey of 400 homeless street youths are used to explore the relationship between self-control and negative orientations towards the police. The study examines whether the relationship is direct and/or mediated through its association with deviant attitudes, criminal peers, police contacts, criminal behaviour, and homelessness – factors found in past research to have been linked to young people’s attitudes towards police. Findings reveal that self-control is directly associated with negative attitudes towards the police. This relationship is mediated by deviant attitudes, criminal peers, police contacts, and criminal participation. The study shows the importance of recognizing both the direct and the indirect relationship of self-control with attitudes towards police in marginal populations as well as specifying the continued importance of various street life factors in understanding the way youth perceive the police.

Arrest and the Amplification of Deviance: Does Gang Membership Moderate the Relationship?

Although research has found that gang suppression efforts are largely ineffective, these policies have been responsible for the arrests of many gang youth. Prior research indicates that arrest is associated with deleterious consequences, but we know less about how arrest uniquely affects gang members. Using longitudinal data from a school-based sample, this study explores the effects of arrest for both gang and nongang youth. Propensity score matching and matched outcome analyses allow us to determine whether gang membership moderates the effect of arrest on later deviant outcomes. Our results indicate that the consequences of arrest are inconsistent with the goals of suppression tactics, with gang members reporting little to no change in deviant attitudes and peers and modest increases in delinquency. Meanwhile, nongang youth experience a range of consequences associated with arrest, including increased odds of gang-joining.

Arrested Development: Does the Grade Level at Which Juveniles Experience Arrest Matter?

This study examines the effect of arrest on delinquency at a salient transition during adolescence: the move from middle to high school. The effects of arrest on delinquency via deviant attitudes, attenuation of prosocial bonds, and involvement with deviant groups are examined to determine whether labeling processes and consequences vary for youth in 7th, 8th, or 9th grade. Longitudinal data from a school-based survey are used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of arrest on delinquency for youth in 7th, 8th, and 9th grades. Wald tests are used to determine whether there are significant differences across cohorts. While arrest is associated with increased delinquency for all three grade cohorts, effects are most detrimental for 7th graders. For these youth, arrest exerts a significant, direct effect across all intermediate outcomes and accounts for increased delinquency via neutralizations, weak school commitment, delinquent peers, and negative peer commitment. Although some of these mediators explain increases in delinquency among 8th and 9th graders, effects are smaller in magnitude. In total, arrest is associated with a 132 % increase in delinquency among 7th graders, but only a 55 % increase among 9th graders. The findings indicate that the effects of arrest become less severe as youth age and delinquency becomes “normative.” It is recommended that the unintended consequences of arrest should be carefully considered—particularly for younger youth as they relate to deviant attitudes and commitment to and involvement with delinquent peers—and interventions should be coupled with efforts to improve prosocial attitudes and relations to prevent future delinquency. Although the effects of arrest wane over time, they do not disappear, and youth continue to experience consequences associated with arrest after they transition to high school.

Psychosocial correlates of alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking among Italian adolescents: Data from the second International Self-Reported Delinquency study.

To provide a comprehensive picture of the wide spectrum of psychosocial factors potentially associated with alcohol consumption and problematic drinking among Italian adolescents in order to encourage debate on the context-specificity or universality of psychosocial correlates of adolescent alcohol use and misuse across countries and cultures. The International Self-Report Delinquency survey questionnaire was used to assess several variables concerning sociodemographic background, family relationships and problems, school performance and climate, life events, victimization experiences, neighborhood climate, personality traits, and attitudes, delinquent behavior, drug use, and peers behavior in a city-based sample of 6,363 seventh to ninth grade Italian students. Generalized linear regression models showed that recent alcohol consumption and heavy episodic drinking were associated with multiple factors pertaining to different levels and domains reflecting the adolescent's personality and behavior as well as the different social and cultural contexts in which adolescents spend most of their time. Poor relations with parents, parental divorce, positive attitudes toward violence, and low self-control appeared to precede recent alcohol use and misuse and might be potential risk factors for alcohol use and/or misuse, while the association between problematic drinking and deviant attitudes (i.e., violent behavior, drug use, and affiliation with deviant peers) might be explained through reciprocal influences. Some psychosocial correlates of adolescent alcohol use and misuse might be universal across countries and cultures. Additionally, certain family, school, personality, behavioral, and peer-related factors might be more important than other correlates of youth alcohol use.

Threats to social identity can trigger social deviance.

We hypothesized that threats to people's social (i.e., group) identity can trigger deviant attitudes and behaviors. A correlational study and five experiments showed that experiencing or recalling situations associated with the devaluation of a social identity caused participants to endorse or engage in deviant actions, including stealing, cheating, and lying. The effect was driven by the tendency to construe social identity threats not as isolated incidents but as symbolic of the continuing devaluation and disrespectful treatment of one's group. Supplementing sociological approaches to deviance and delinquency, the results suggest the relevance and utility of a social-psychological account.

The relationship between schemas and offence supportive attitudes in mentally disordered sexual offenders

The study of schemas in sexual offenders is a relatively new approach in attempts to understand the deviant beliefs and attitudes of sexual offenders. Emerging findings suggest that offence supportive attitudes may be the product of an offender's underlying schemas. This study aims to establish the relationship between offence supportive attitudes and schemas in a sample of mentally disordered sexual offenders (MDSOs). Thirty-one male sexual offenders held within low through high security forensic mental health units were assessed using the Young Schema Questionnaire - Short Version 3 and the Questionnaire on Attitudes Consistent with Sex Offending. Correlational analyses suggested a pattern of relationships in which Insufficient Self-control, Entitlement and Enmeshment arose as the schemas associated with most offence supportive attitudes. This supports a relationship between schemas and offence supportive attitudes in MDSOs and is consistent with the literature to date. Implications for further research and treatment are considered.

An Empirical Study of the Determinants of Green Party Voting

I empirically study the determinants of individuals' green voting behavior. For this I make use of three datasets from Germany, a panel dataset and two cross-sectional datasets. The empirically strongest determinants are the voters' attitude or distance to nuclear sites, the level of schooling and net income. I show that those voters with deviant attitudes or alternative world views are more likely to vote green, a result of the fact that the green party has always had the position of a protest party. I find little role for demographic variables like gender, marital status or the number of children. This is in contrast to the stated preference literature. Age plays a role for explaining voting behavior only insofar as it proxies for health.

Terapia uzależnień od środków odurzających i psychotropowych w warunkach więziennych, w kontekście przeciwdziałania prizonizacji

The many restrictions in force in a closed institution make prisons taxing and oppressive places for their inmates. Imprisonment is associated with a great deal of internal conflict and a deprivation of needs. This increases stress and psychological discomfort. This situation is often beyond the adaptation skills of convicts, prompting them to engage in a set of behavioural patterns known as prisonisation. In the process, prisoners accept norms and values that are specific to prison communities, including deviant attitudes and rituals that stand in opposition to the goals of rehabilitation and express rebellion against the institution of prison. People addicted to narcotics and psychotropic drugs have an additional motivation, viz. the possibility of obtaining drugs, to live the “double life” of prison. Research shows that incorporating specialized addiction treatment into prison programs is conducive to rehabilitation. This raises the question as to whether this therapy could effectively control prisonisation as well. The author’s own survey of prisoners who were treated shows that their hierarchy of values were significantly different six months later. This change can be regarded as developmental and indicative of successful rehabilitation. This could serve as evidence that positive therapeutic results encourage prison inmates to find constructive ways of dealing with imprisonment, reducing stress, reflecting on their conduct and understanding that their time in prison is a consequence of their actions. In this context, addiction therapy in prison may well be an effective means of preventing prisonisation.

UNPACKING THE BLACK BOX OF PEER SIMILARITY IN DEVIANCE: UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS LINKING PERSONAL BEHAVIOR, PEER BEHAVIOR, AND PERCEPTIONS

The strong correlation between measures of personal and peer deviance occurs with near “law‐like” regularity. Yet, as with other manifestations of peer similarity (often referred to as homophily), the mechanisms generating this relationship are widely debated. Specific to the deviance literature, most studies have failed to examine, simultaneously, the degree to which similarity is the consequence of multiple causes. The current study addresses this gap by using longitudinal network data for 1,151 individuals from the Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR) School Project. Structural equation modeling is used to address these issues by adapting Jussim and Osgood's () model of deviant attitudes in dyadic pairs to the current data. Across two separate behavioral domains (substance use and property offending), the results provide strong support for the prediction that individuals project their own deviant tendencies inaccurately onto their peers. Conversely, the results provide little or no support for the predictions that respondents accurately perceive their peers’ deviance or that their perceptions of peer deviance influence their own behavior. Implications for understanding the role of peer behavior in the etiology of adolescent deviance are discussed.

The Effect of Police Contact

Current police policies are based on assumptions that proactive policing strategies will not only deter crime but will also improve police–community relations. Deterrence theorists argue that general and specific deterrence can be achieved through such policing strategies. Labeling proponents, however, maintain that juveniles stopped and/or arrested by the police, rather than be deterred, will actually engage in more delinquency as a result of this contact. Research to date has provided mixed evidence. The current study seeks to inform this debate by examining the effect of being stopped or arrested on subsequent delinquent behavior and attitudes. Relying on three waves of data from a multisite sample of youth, we use propensity score matching to control for preexisting differences among youth who have and have not experienced police contact. Our findings reveal that being stopped or arrested not only increases future delinquency but also amplifies deviant attitudes.

Problematic Internet use and other risky behaviors in college students: An application of problem-behavior theory.

Given the widespread use of the Internet, researchers have begun to examine the personal and social consequences associated with excessive online involvement. The present study examined college students' problematic Internet use (PIU) behaviors within the framework of Jessor and Jessor's (1977) problem-behavior theory. Its specific aim was to investigate the links between PIU with both internalizing (depression, social anxiety) and externalizing (substance use and other risky behaviors) problems. Relevant variables from the perceived environmental system, the personality system, and the behavioral system were entered in a canonical correlation analysis. The analysis yielded two distinct functions: the first function, titled traditional problem-behavior syndrome, characterized students who are impulsive, hold socially deviant attitudes and show a propensity to use tobacco and illicit drugs. The second function, titled problematic Internet-behavior syndrome, characterized students who are socially anxious, depressed, report conflictive family relations, and show a propensity toward PIU. Thus, PIU did not share the characteristics typically associated with the traditional problem-behavior syndrome consistent with problem-behavior theory, but showed correlates more consistent with internalizing rather than externalizing problems.