Development Of Medical Technology Research Articles

Trends in COVID-19 Vaccine Development: Vaccine Platform, Developer, and Nationality.

Various vaccine platforms, including emerging platforms, have been applied in the development of COVID-19 vaccines. Biotechnology startups often lead the development of new medical technologies, whereas major pharmaceutical companies and public institutions have long contributed to vaccine development. In this study, vaccine platforms and developers involved in COVID-19 vaccine development were analyzed, elucidating the trends of vaccine platforms used, the country distribution of the developers, and differences in the profiles of developers by vaccine platform technologies and country. The analysis revealed that conventional, established, and emerging vaccine platforms have been widely used and that older platforms are more advanced in clinical development. It also demonstrated the emergence of China, in addition to the U.S., while many pharmerging countries have been engaged in development. Startups have significantly contributed to the development of viral vector and RNA-based vaccines, suggesting their important role in the application of novel technologies. The major developers differ by country and region. Alliances, including international collaborations, have progressed in late clinical development. Based on these results, future perspectives of pandemic vaccine development and implications for policy and corporate strategies are discussed.

Chronicling the Experiences of Life Sciences Teachers and Learners on the Usage of Enquiry-Based Learning in Enhancing Learners’ Academic Performance

Life sciences research provides critical insights into disease processes and allows for the development of novel treatments and innovative medical technologies, thereby directly improving human health and technology. Despite the widely acknowledged relevance of life sciences, there has been a long-term pattern of low performance. This is due to inefficient teaching methods, as how a lesson is delivered influences the learners' level of understanding, among other things. Hence, the present study examined the experiences of life sciences teachers and learners in using IBL to enhance the academic performance of life science learners. This study was underpinned by the interpretivism paradigm, a qualitative approach, and a participatory research approach. The study population consisted of all life sciences learners in a rural school in the Amathole West district, Eastern Cape province of South Africa, from which 2 life sciences teachers and 14 learners were conveniently sampled. Data were collected using interviews, observations, and document reviews, and they were analysed using thematic analysis. The research findings revealed that enquiry-based learning has the potential to foster the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills among life sciences learners. However, several issues make it difficult to successfully implement enquiry-based learning in the context of teaching and learning life sciences, including a lack of resources, time constraints, misreading of instructions, a lack of support or supervision, and a lack of pedagogical topic expertise among teachers. The study concludes that enquiry-based learning, when done right, can help learners understand life sciences concepts deeper and remember what they have learnt for a longer period.

Clinical significance of platelet mononuclear cell aggregates in patients with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

The diagnosis of sepsis combined with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has increased owing to the enhanced awareness among medical professionals and the continuous development of modern medical technologies, while early diagnosis of ARDS still lacks specific biomarkers. One of the main pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis-associated ARDS involves the actions of various pathological injuries and inflammatory factors, such as platelet and white blood cells activation, leading to an increase of surface adhesion molecules. These adhesion molecules further form platelet-white blood cell aggregates, including platelet-mononuclear cell aggregates (PMAs). PMAs has been identified as one of the markers of platelet activation, here we hypothesize that PMAs might play a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of this complication. To investigate the expression of PMAs in the serum of patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS and its clinical significance. We selected 72 hospitalized patients diagnosed with sepsis as the study population between March 2019 and March 2022. Among them, 30 patients with sepsis and ARDS formed the study group, while 42 sepsis patients without ARDS comprised the control group. After diagnosis, venous blood samples were immediately collected from all patients. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze the expression of PMAs, platelet neutrophil aggregates (PNAs), and platelet aggregates (PLyAs) in the serum. Additionally, the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score was calculated for each patient, and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to assess diagnostic value. The study found that the levels of PNAs and PLyAs in the serum of the study group were higher than those in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, the expression of PMAs in the serum of the study group was significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with the APACHE II score (r = 0.671, P < 0.05). When using PMAs as a diagnostic indicator, the area under the curve value was 0.957, indicating a high diagnostic value (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the optimal cutoff value was 8.418%, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 0.819 and specificity of 0.947. In summary, the serum levels of PMAs significantly increase in patients with sepsis and ARDS. Therefore, serum PMAs have the potential to become a new biomarker for clinically diagnosing sepsis complicated by ARDS.

Use of laser technologies in the treatment of hemorrhoids (Literature review)

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common diseases of the anorectal region, representing a serious medical and socio-economic problem that significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Surgical treatment of this pathology is necessary in cases where the patient complains of bleeding and prolapse of internal hemorrhoids, which cannot be treated with conservative methods. Traditional methods of surgical treatment of this pathology, despite their effectiveness, have a number of significant disadvantages, such as severe pain after surgery, prolonged healing of anal canal wounds, a long period of incapacity for work, as well as possible complications in the form of strictures of the anal canal, insufficiency of the rectal obturator, and anal fistulas. Recently, due to the active development of medical technology in the surgical treatment of hemorrhoids, many new minimally invasive treatment methods have appeared, including the use of lasers with different wavelengths, which have demonstrated high efficiency along with such advantages as reducing the intensity of postoperative pain syndrome, decreasing the frequency of intraoperative and early postoperative complications, as well as the possibility of outpatient implementation of these techniques. Depending on the stage of hemorrhoidal disease, as well as the type of laser radiation, various methods that affect one or both (vascular and mechanical) links in the pathogenesis of the disease are used. This article provides a review of modern literature data and analyzes the experience of using various lasers in the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease.

Device innovation in cardiovascular medicine: a report from the European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table.

Research performed in Europe has driven cardiovascular device innovation. This includes, but is not limited to, percutaneous coronary intervention, cardiac imaging, transcatheter heart valve implantation, and device therapy of cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. An important part of future medical progress involves the evolution of medical technology and the ongoing development of artificial intelligence and machine learning. There is a need to foster an environment conducive to medical technology development and validation so that Europe can continue to play a major role in device innovation while providing high standards of safety. This paper summarizes viewpoints on the topic of device innovation in cardiovascular medicine at the European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table, a strategic forum for high-level dialogue to discuss issues related to the future of cardiovascular health in Europe. Devices are developed and improved through an iterative process throughout their lifecycle. Early feasibility studies demonstrate proof of concept and help to optimize the design of a device. If successful, this should ideally be followed by randomized clinical trials comparing novel devices vs. accepted standards of care when available and the collection of post-market real-world evidence through registries. Unfortunately, standardized procedures for feasibility studies across various device categories have not yet been implemented in Europe. Cardiovascular imaging can be used to diagnose and characterize patients for interventions to improve procedural results and to monitor devices long term after implantation. Randomized clinical trials often use cardiac imaging-based inclusion criteria, while less frequently trials randomize patients to compare the diagnostic or prognostic value of different modalities. Applications using machine learning are increasingly important, but specific regulatory standards and pathways remain in development in both Europe and the USA. Standards are also needed for smart devices and digital technologies that support device-driven biomonitoring. Changes in device regulation introduced by the European Union aim to improve clinical evidence, transparency, and safety, but they may impact the speed of innovation, access, and availability. Device development programmes including dialogue on unmet needs and advice on study designs must be driven by a community of physicians, trialists, patients, regulators, payers, and industry to ensure that patients have access to innovative care.

첨단 의료기술에 대한 윤리적 쟁점과 첨단 의료기술에 대한 윤리원칙 수립을 위한 예비고찰

The development of medical technology is affecting the human body, diagnosis and treatment methods, bringing about new changes in the medical environment, and further reorganizing the concept of human beings. In addition, cutting-edge medical technology is causing new social and ethical problems in existing medical settings. In order to respond to these problems, this paper first examined cases and ethical issues related to advanced medical technology. In addition, the stages in which advanced medical technology is used for patient treatment are divided into “experiments, clinical trials, treatment, general marketing, etc.” in the order of progress, and the related entities involved in the process are “doctors and scholars/ developers, patients, guardians, (Ethical judgment was made by examining the meaning of the principles of “good deeds, prohibition of evil deeds, autonomy, and justice” based on Buchamp and Childress’ &lt;Four Principles of Bioethics&gt; at each stage. The framework was established and the significance and limitations of these guidelines were discussed.

Research and Practice on the Training Model of Critical Care Nursing Talents

With the continuous development of medical technology, the success rate of treatment for critically ill patients has been increasing year by year, among which critical care nursing talents have played a crucial role. The cultivation of critical care nursing talents not only concerns the safety of patients, but also reflects the comprehensive strength of medical institutions. However, there are some problems in the current cultivation of critical care nursing talents, which restrict the development and improvement of critical care nursing talents. Therefore, this article briefly analyzes the importance of cultivating critical care nursing talents, and explores in depth the problems existing in the cultivation of critical care nursing talents, as well as the principles for constructing the cultivation mode of critical care nursing talents. It proposes practical strategies for the cultivation mode of critical care nursing talents for reference.

Practical effect of different teaching modes in teaching gastrointestinal surgery nursing.

With the continuous development and progress of medical technology, the position of surgical nursing in the field of clinical medicine is becoming increasingly prominent. As an important branch of the surgical field, the nursing requirements and difficulty of gastrointestinal surgery are also increasing. In order to improve the teaching quality of nursing care in gastrointestinal surgery, many educators and researchers are actively exploring new teaching methods. Among them, the teaching method case-based learning (CBL), scene-simulated learning (SSL), task-based learning (TBL), combining self-evaluation and training mode is considered as an effective method. This method aims to help students to better master knowledge and skills and improve their comprehensive quality by cultivating their self-evaluation ability. To explore the practical effect of CBL-SSL-TBL combined with training mode and student self-assessment in nursing teaching of gastrointestinal surgery. Seventy-one nursing interns in our hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected. According to different teaching modes, they were divided into observation group CBL-SSL-TBL combined with training mode combined with student self-assessment and control group (conventional teaching mode), of which 36 were in observation group and 35 were in control group. The results of operational skills, theoretical knowledge, nursing students' satisfaction, learning effectiveness questionnaire and teaching effect were compared between the two groups. Compared between the two groups, the operational skills and theoretical knowledge scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared between the two groups, the total satisfaction ratio of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared between the two groups, the observation group was lower than the control group in the questionnaire results of learning efficacy, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Compared between the two groups, the proportion of thinking ability, subjective initiative and understanding of theoretical knowledge in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The use of CBL-SSL-TBL combined with training mode and student self-assessment in gastrointestinal surgery nursing teaching can improve the operational skills of nursing interns, theoretical knowledge and satisfaction scores of nursing students, improve the results of learning efficiency questionnaire and teaching effect, which can be popularized in clinical teaching.

Medical image fusion based on machine learning for health diagnosis and monitoring of colorectal cancer

With the rapid development of medical imaging technology and computer technology, the medical imaging artificial intelligence of computer-aided diagnosis based on machine learning has become an important part of modern medical diagnosis. With the application of medical image security technology, people realize that the difficulty of its development is the inherent defect of advanced image processing technology. This paper introduces the background of colorectal cancer diagnosis and monitoring, and then carries out academic research on the medical imaging artificial intelligence of colorectal cancer diagnosis and monitoring and machine learning, and finally summarizes it with the advanced computational intelligence system for the application of safe medical imaging.In the experimental part, this paper wants to carry out the staging preparation stage. It was concluded that the staging preparation stage of group Y was higher than that of group X and the difference was statistically significant. Then the overall accuracy rate of multimodal medical image fusion was 69.5% through pathological staging comparison. Finally, the diagnostic rate, the number of patients with effective treatment and satisfaction were analyzed. Finally, the average diagnostic rate of the new diagnosis method was 8.75% higher than that of the traditional diagnosis method. With the development of computer science and technology, the application field was expanding constantly. Computer aided diagnosis technology combining computer and medical images has become a research hotspot.

Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications of huaier in breast cancer treatment.

Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignant tumors today and represents a serious health risk for women. Although the survival rate and quality of life of patients with breast cancer are improving with the continuous development of medical technology, metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance of breast cancer remain a significant problem. Huaier, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fungus, is a type of Sophora embolism fungus growing on old Sophora stems. The polysaccharides of Trametes robiniophila Murr (PS-T) are the main active ingredient of Huaier. There is increasing evidence that Huaier has great potential in breast cancer treatment, and its anti-cancer mechanism may be related to a variety of biological activities, such as the inhibition of cell proliferation, metastasis, tumor angiogenesis, the promotion of cancer cell death, and regulation of tumor-specific immunity. There is growing evidence that Huaier may be effective in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. This review systematically summarizes the basic and clinical studies on the use of Huaier in the treatment of breast cancer, providing useful information to guide the clinical application of Huaier and future clinical studies.

Effect of cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention on cardiac function recovery and negative mood in patients with myocardial infarction.

Cardiovascular disease, particularly myocardial infarction (MI) profound impact on patients' quality of life and places a substantial burden on the healthcare and economy systems. Developments in medical technology have led to the emergence of coronary intervention as an essential method for treating MI. To assess the effects of cardiac rehabilitation care on cardiac function recovery and negative emotions in MI after coronary intervention. This study included a total of 180 patients with MI during the period from June 2022 to July 2023. Selected patients were divided into two groups: An observation group, which receiving cardiac rehabilitation care; a control group, which receiving conventional care. By comparing multiple observation indicators such as cardiac function indicators, blood pressure, exercise tolerance, occurrence of adverse cardiac events, and negative emotion scores between the two groups of patients. All the data were analyzed and compared between two groups. There were 44 males and 46 females in the observation group with an average age of 36.26 ± 9.88 yr; there were 43 males and 47 females in the control group, with an average age of 40.87 ± 10.5 yr. After receiving the appropriate postoperative nursing measures, the results of the observation group showed significant improvement in several indicators compared with the control group. Indicators of cardiac function, such as left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Exercise endurance assessment showed that the 6-minute walking test distance was significantly increased in the patients of the observation group (P < 0.01). In addition, the incidence of adverse cardiac events was significantly lower in the observation group, and negative mood scores were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Cardiac rehabilitation care after coronary intervention has a significant positive impact on functional recovery. This emphasizes the importance of cardiac rehabilitation care to improve patient recovery.

Electronic Medical Record and Smoking Cessation Activities: Literature Review

Vital information regarding the life and health of a patient is gathered in medical records. The electronic medical record (EMR) is the product of medical record information technology development. Electronic health records and other health information systems have the potential to be useful tools for raising the caliber and efficacy of clinical interventions aimed at reducing tobacco consumption. Electronic medical records are used by doctors, clinics, and health care organizations to track patient smoking cessation outcomes and as a smoking cessation support tool. Thirteen papers from the Google Schoolar database and the reference lists of the included research were used in the review. We looked for research that was written between 2010 and 2020. Overall, these trials discovered that only slight benefits were made by several doctor-recommended therapies related to tobacco use. Following modifications to electronic medical records intended to speed up the collection and management of tobacco use during medical visits, there seems to have been a rise in the documentation of tobacco status and referrals for cessation counseling. To maximize the potential of EMRs for extra therapeutic advantages and smoking cessation in hospital settings, more research is required.

Frontiers in biomedical research

With continuous breakthroughs in basic research and technological innovation in the field of biomedicine, we have a much deeper understanding of the nature of life and disease pathogenesis. New medical technologies, medicines and medical instruments are emerging, which greatly promote diagnosis, treatment, prevention and healthy lifestyle. Focusing on international engagement together with the development needs of individual businesses is a major task for China's biomedical community in order to achieve high-quality outcomes. This paper emphasizes the need to further strengthen the cross-integration and development of medical science in China, realize the paradigm change of medical research, and promote the development and application of revolutionary medical technologies, diagnostics, drugs and medical devices. Eighteen frontier hot spots and common issues are highlighted for the field of biomedicine.

人工智能在医疗诊断系统中的应用

With the progress of scientific level, artificial intelligence has been applied more and more in the medical field. A large number of medical data are mainly characterized by unstructured information. Through the analysis of these information, a large number of medical case data can be generated, thus generating related value-added information. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence represented by deep learning, artificial intelligence has broad application prospects in clinical practice. The integration of artificial intelligence technology and medical field under the environment of big data is an important trend in the development of medical field. Artificial intelligence technology can effectively analyze and process massive medical data, assist doctors to improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis and treatment, and bring more personalized treatment measures to patients. With the development of medical technology, the development of artificial intelligence medical technology provides a new idea for clinical medicine. The application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of medical diagnosis is studied in this paper.

Multimodal Distillation Pre-training Model for Ultrasound Dynamic Images Annotation.

With the development of medical technology, ultrasonography has become an important diagnostic method in doctors' clinical work. However, compared with the static medical image processing work such as CT, MRI, etc., which has more research bases, ultrasonography is a dynamic medical image similar to video, which is captured and generated by a real-time moving probe, so how to deal with the video data in the medical field and cross modal extraction of the textual semantics in the medical video is a difficult problem that needs to be researched. For this reason, this paper proposes a pre-training model of multimodal distillation and fusion coding for processing the semantic relationship between ultrasound dynamic Images and text. Firstly, by designing the fusion encoder, the visual geometric features of tissues and organs in ultrasound dynamic images, the overall visual appearance descriptive features and the named entity linguistic features are fused to form a unified visual-linguistic feature, so that the model obtains richer visual, linguistic cues aggregation and alignment ability. Then, the pre-training model is augmented by multimodal knowledge distillation to improve the learning ability of the model. The final experimental results on multiple datasets show that the multimodal distillation pre-training model generally improves the fusion ability of various types of features in ultrasound dynamic images, and realizes the automated and accurate annotation of ultrasound dynamic images.

Medical Negligence with Special Reference to Act of Commission and Omission: A Narrative Review

A doctor’s failure to uphold the standards of his profession, causing the death of a patient whom the doctor hoped to save, is known as medical negligence. The most embarrassing act one can commit is medical negligence, which usually results in the patient’s death. Legally, medical negligence is a breach of the duty of care leading to harm. Lack of clinical competence can be interpreted as negligence. Indian courts decide cases of medical negligence based on the Bolam test. According to Black’s Law Dictionary, negligence is defined as “conduct, action, or omission, which may be declared as negligence without any argument or proof as it violates the dictates of common prudence”. The three cardinal elements in negligence are duty of care failure, failure to exercise duty of care (Dereliction), and causation of damage to the patient on account of dereliction. References to medical negligence can be found in classical texts such as Manusmriti, Kotilya Arthashastra, Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, and others. To mitigate medical negligence, various measures can be taken, such as improved communication, strengthening training and education, emphasising quality assurance, and legal reforms. The rapid development of medical science and technology has proven to be a powerful tool for doctors to better diagnose and treat patients, but it has also become a tool to exploit people for profit. Accurate information about negligence and its laws is needed as there is not enough data in this regard. To avoid medical negligence, practitioners should show strict adherence to modern surgical ethics, which also include concepts like the importance of informed consent, doctor-doctor relationship, doctor-patient relationship, doctor-state relationship, doctor-attendant relationship, attendantpatient relationship, and patient autonomy.

Early Detection of Parkinson's Disease Using Deep NeuroEnhanceNet With Smartphone Walking Recordings.

With the development of digital medical technology, ubiquitous smartphones are emerging as valuable tools for the detection of complex and elusive diseases. This paper exploits smartphone walking recording for early detection of Parkinson's disease (PD) and finds that walking recording empowered by deep learning is a valid digital biomarker for early-recognizing PD patients. Specifically, the inertial sensor data is preprocessed, including normalization, scaling, and rotation, and then the processed data is fed into the proposed deep NeuroEnhanceNet. Finally, determine the individual prediction score using the PD-prone strategy and generate the detection results. The proposed deep NeuroEnhanceNet, specifically designed for inertial sensor data, can focus on both the long-term data characteristics within a single channel and the inter-channel correlations. Our method obtains a low false negative rate of 0.053 for the early detection of PD. We further analyze and compare the effectiveness of digital biomarkers captured from the walking and resting processes for early detection of PD. All the code for this work is available at: https://github.com/heyiyia/NeuroEnhanceNet.

Polarization properties of partially coherent mixed dislocation beams transmitting in biological tissues

&lt;sec&gt; &lt;b&gt;Objective&lt;/b&gt; The optical information change of beams acting on biological tissue can get an insight into the new optical effects of tissue, and even can provide a theoretical basis for developing biphotonic medical diagnosis and therapy technologies. Polarization technology is also widely used in the field of biological detection due to its advantages of non-contact, rich information and without staining markers. In this work, the polarization behaviors of partially coherent screw-linear edge mixed dislocation beam transmitting in biological tissue are analyzed and explored. Simultaneously, in order to more clearly and more intuitively understand a mixed dislocation beam, both the normalized intensities and phase distributions at source plane for different parameters &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt; are also discussed. We hope that the obtained results will provide theoretical and experimental foundation for expanding the application of singularity beams in biological tissue imaging technology.&lt;/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt; &lt;b&gt;Method&lt;/b&gt; By combining the Schell term with the field distribution of the screw-linear edge mixed dislocation beam at the source plane, and based on the generalized Huygens-Fresnel principle, the analytical expressions of the cross-spectral density matrix elements of partially coherent screw-linear edge dislocation beam propagating in biological tissues are derived. Adopting the unified theory of coherence and polarization, the polarization behaviors of the beams can be investigated in detail.&lt;/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt; &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt; At the source plane, the intensity has a non axisymmetric distribution, and there exists a coherent vortex with a topological charge size of 1 and a linear edge dislocation. The sign of &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; is related to the rotation direction of the phase singularity. The larger the value of &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;, the farther the linear edge dislocation is from the origin. At the source plane, the degree of polarization and ellipticity between the two identical points are independent of the four parameters: dimensionless parameter &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;, off-axis distance of edge dislocation &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;, spatial self-correlation length &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;yy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;, and spatial mutual-correlation length &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;xy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;, the orientation angle is only independent of &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;xy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;; the polarization of two different points is independent of &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt;, but is related to &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;yy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;xy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;. In transmission, the polarization degrees and ellipticity of two different points fluctuate greatly and the orientation angle displays less fluctuation. Finally, all the polarization state parameters tend to be their corresponding values, respectively.&lt;/sec&gt;&lt;sec&gt; &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt; The results show that when &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt; is smaller, the linear edge dislocation is paraxial and plays an important role in the polarization state change; when &lt;i&gt;b&lt;/i&gt; is larger, the polarization state changes of the screw-linear edge mixed dislocation beam will tend to be the pattern of spiral beams. The absolute value of the difference between &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;yy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;σ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;xy&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; is also one of main factors influencing the polarization state. The sign of &lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt; does not affect the change in polarization state, but its magnitude can influe the change of speed. Due to more complex factors determining the correlation fluctuations between different points in the light field, the changes of two different points are more sensitive than those of the two identical points in shallow biological tissue. Beams with different parameters can be selected for different application requirements.&lt;/sec&gt;

PointCHD: A Point Cloud Benchmark for Congenital Heart Disease Classification and Segmentation.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common birth defects. With the development of medical imaging analysis technology, medical image analysis for CHD has become an important research direction. Due to the lack of data and the difficulty of labeling, CHD datasets are scarce. Previous studies focused on CT and other medical image modes, while point cloud is still unstudied. As a representative type of 3D data, point cloud can intuitively model organ shapes, which has obvious advantages in medical analysis and can assist doctors in diagnosis. However, the production of a medical point cloud dataset is more complex than that of an image dataset, and the 3D modeling of internal organs needs to be reconstructed after scanning by high-precision instruments. We propose PointCHD, the first point cloud dataset for CHD diagnosis, with a large number of high precision-annotated and wide-categorized data. PointCHD includes different types of three-dimensional data with varying degrees of distortion, and supports multiple analysis tasks, i.e. classification, segmentation, reconstruction, etc. We also construct a benchmark on PointCHD with the goal of medical diagnosis, we design the analysis process and compare the performances of the mainstream point cloud analysis methods. In view of the complex internal and external structure of the heart point cloud, we propose a point cloud representation learning method based on manifold learning. By introducing normal lines to consider the continuity of the surface to construct a manifold learning method of the adaptive projection plane, fully extracted the structural features of the heart, and achieved the best performance on each task of the PointCHD benchmark. Finally, we summarize the existing problems in the analysis of the CHD point cloud and prospects for potential research directions in the future. The benchmark will be released soon.

ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ, ОЦЕНКА И ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ОЖИДАЕМОЙ ПРОДОЛЖИТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЗДОРОВОЙ ЖИЗНИ

The expected duration of a healthy life (hereinafter referred to as the life expectancy) estimates the number of years that a person is expected to live with good health. This concept is important to take into account the quality of life, not just its duration. Sullivan’s method of assessment of HPP combines data on mortality and health status. However, there are limitations such as subjectivity in the definition of “healthy”, data quality, and complexity of interpretation. Historically, the criterion of HPA has evolved, taking into account improvements in health and social conditions, including a more complete assessment of aspects of health and quality of life. Globally, there is a positive trend associated with the development of healthcare and medical technologies. There are differences in HPP between developed, developing and African countries. In Russia, there are also differences in health insurance by region related to socio-economic factors, access to medical care and lifestyle. Cities have a higher rate of HPP than rural areas and individual regions such as Siberia and the Caucasus. The analysis of the literature data revealed positive changes in healthy life expectancy in various countries. Japan, South Korea, the Scandinavian countries, Costa Rica, Iceland, Australia, Norway, and New Zealand showed significant increases in HDI associated with improved health care, socio-economic conditions, and health promotion programs. However, in Russia, problems such as health inequalities and health infrastructure constraints pose obstacles. Effective preventive measures, vaccinations, health promotion and lifestyle improvements are key factors in improving the world’s health. It is important to influence the social, economic and environmental aspects of health, strengthen health systems and promote healthy lifestyles for sustainable improvement of the HHS. Objective: to carry out a historical analysis, identify trends in the change of the GPI indicator and the main factors that contribute to the improvement of this indicator. Methods of work: critical analysis of scientific literature. Results: a review of the literature on the study of OPCW is conducted and the main factors of the change in OPCW are presented. Scope of application: proof of the need for the use of the indicator of the HPP. Summary conclusions: The analysis of global trends in HHS highlights the importance of continuous efforts to improve access to health care, socio-economic conditions, public health measures and lifestyle choices.