Development Of Work Breakdown Structure Research Articles

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in High-Rise Office Buildings using Green Retrofitting based on GBCI and Minister of PUPR Regulation No. 21 of 2021 to Improve the Quality of Resource Planning

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in High-Rise Office Buildings using Green Retrofitting based on GBCI and Minister of PUPR Regulation No. 21 of 2021 to Improve the Quality of Resource Planning

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for Rapid Damage Runway Repair (RADARR) Time Planning at Military Airbases

The military airbase plays a crucial role in national defense, particularly in air defense. One of the most critical facilities at a military airbase for supporting air operations is the runway that serves as the area where fighter aircraft take off and land; hence. If such an event occurs, the Air Force’s capability, specifically the ability of fighter aircraft to take off and land, would be compromised, disrupting air operations. Therefore, the rapid damage runway repair (RADARR) method, aligned with the rigid pavement construction approach, is essential. The foundation of the construction implementation involves creating a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) as a reference for RADARR operation planning. This study aims to develop a WBS as the basis for RADARR operation time planning. The research method employed is a mixed-method approach with descriptive analysis. The variables under investigation include work packages, construction methods, work activities, and the duration of operations. This study comprises expert judgment, pilot surveys, respondent surveys, and focus group discussion (FGD) followed by the development of RADARR WBS, measure the operational time of RADARR through respondent surveys. These findings serve as a valuable reference for executing RADARR construction work within the military context.

Development of Work Breakdown Structure for Stadium Work as Project Guideline and Standard

A Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a key visual project tool functioning as an obligation in managing construction projects, due to playing a crucial role from planning to execution. However, there are still several problems related to the implementation of WBS, such as miscommunication and poor development, where all involved execution parties do not accurately understand the scopes and objectives. This ultimately leads to project losses, based on cost, time, and quality, where standardization is not observed within the WBS preparation and development. Therefore, this study aims to develop a standard stadium WBS, for all involved execution parties to understand and achieve work information consistency. This was performed by mapping the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Bill of Quantities (BQ) data of previous stadium projects with experts in their respective fields. The results showed the development of a standard WBS containing levels 1-6, including design alternatives, implementation requirements, and material specifications. During application, this tool helped to compile the entire scope of results-oriented projects as related guidelines and standards, with each hierarchical level from the top to the lower components. The obtained results also considered the consultants, contractors, and auditors at the planning, implementation, and monitoring stages, respectively.

Development of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) dictionary and checklist of mechanical and electrical works in stadium construction for safety planning

In a construction project, an organizing tool is important to specify every activity that should be done during the project and to keep everything on track. Organizing tool also can be developed to safety planning to ensure safety of the labours. Safety is priority of a project because once accident is happened, it causes many kind of losses; direct cost, indirect cost, time loss, life loss, project delays. Nowadays, not every project has implemented that organizing tool. Here reported the discovery of organizing tool called WBS and developed to safety planning, on mechanical electrical works in stadium construction project. On this research, shows that mechanical and electrical works in stadium construction’s work breakdown structure detailed to four levels, and can be developed to WBS dictionary and checklist to bring ease for the construction itself. WBS dictionary and checklist can also developed to safety planning. It shows that WBS complementary such WBS dictionary and checklist can be used for safety planning, and ease project construction’s life.

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for Safety Planning on Tunneling Work Projects Based on Risk

Purpose: Along with advance era and technology, tunnel construction is the alternative infrastructure that can be used as an option, especially in difficult terrain conditions. The tunnel work project is a series of very complex activities. Work activities that are not supervised, causing the risk of these activities neglected. This has become one of the causes of workplace accidents. The risk of work accidents can be prevented by early identification and analysis of potential hazards in each of the activities listed in the project WBS. Therefore, the existence of WBS is needed in presenting a risk assessment, probability and impact arising from the work accidents. The aim of this study is to develop a standardized WBS for safety planning on tunnel construction work based on risk. The standardized WBS will be a main input for identify potential hazard risks and producing risk responses. Methodology: The method that will be used in this research is a qualitative approach with a survey and deep interview to experts. Results: The results of this study are standardized WBS, potential hazard risks and the developed of WBS standard for safety planning, as a step to prevent work accidents in tunneling work projects. Applications/Originality/Value: The implementation of this research is for the contractors who are required to make safety plan, especially in tunneling work projects.

Development of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) Dictionary and Checklist for Safety Planning of Tunnel Construction

Indonesia develops tunnel technology due to country’s contours and geological conditions that are rich in minerals, and to overcome congestion problems in big cities. Tunnel is one of the alternative transportation infrastructure in the future that allows to shorten the travel time. Tunnel construction itself is a complex type of construction and requires high managerial and technical capabilities in the process. Therefore, an excellent and detailed planning is needed for each tunnel project, for example by using WBS dictionary and checklist for safety planning in tunnel construction. The purpose of this study is to identify in detail the work packages, methods, activities, and resources to reduce the risk of workplace accidents. This research consists of several stages with qualitative methods. The methodology used is expert validation, respondent surveys and interviews and analyzed using descriptive data mode analysis. The result of this study are WBS dictionary and checklist that provide activities and resources information, which can support the safety planning documents by identifying safety risks on tunnel construction projects.

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) dictionary and checklist for safety planning on dam construction project

As one of the essential infrastructures needed for water resources, dam construction project requires comprehensive planning and effective standardization to accommodate the needs during the construction process. Also, the construction plan should be developed to minimize failures that can cause work accidents or other safety issues. Therefore, the development of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) is a vital component in the planning process. In supporting these, a WBS dictionary and checklist are also needed to support the planning and control process of the project. Studies have found that these documents provide the details of deliverable, activity, and schedule information of each WBS components of the project. Also, these can be used for safety planning due to the hierarchy structure of each work package, hence making it easier for safety planning in each activities. This study was conducted by expert validation method through a semi-open questionnaire and analyzed using a descriptive statistical analysis method. The results of the study are the WBS dictionary and checklist for dam construction project, that can be the guideline for its safety planning. The study had also found the details of the construction method and resources for every work package in the dam construction project.

Work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary and checklist development of stadium architectural and interior works for safety planning

Nowadays, architectural and interior works in stadium construction have become the most critical elements. The stadium is required not only to have excellent sports facilities but also to have a high-level architecture and interior. Therefore, the works need to be more managed and planned so that the stadium project can run better and more effectively. The project planning phase has a crucial role which is when the project plans are documented, the project deliverables and requirements are defined, and subsequently, the project schedule is created, which means the development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and its associated WBS dictionary with the checklist is undoubtedly imperative. The development is defining and breaking down the work into smaller components, which finally become such a project implementation reference in order to minimize the errors and ensure the project’s implementation can be in accordance with the plan. The results of this study describe the details of the development of WBS dictionary and checklist of architectural and interior work in stadium construction for safety planning that includes six (6) levels such as project name, division, sub of work, work package, activity, and resource and other information related.

Development of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) risk based standard for safety planning at seaport project

A construction project consist of many activities. In order to make it easier to manage, the activities broken down into smaller one that called work package. Meanwhile the work on the construction project and its elements is relatively similar and this can be standardized and used as the basis for a universal program for construction works. Standardization of the WBS will enable the automation of the project planning process and hence will minimize the occurrence of work accidents on construction project. The aim of this study is to develop a risk based WBS standard for seaport project, identify source of potentially dangerous risk may occur and to develop safety plan using a standardized risk based WBS, this will be a way to preventing, reducing and nullifying the risk of workplace accidents to obtain zero accidents in a construction site. The scope of this study is sea port construction project only.

Development of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) Risk Based Standard for Planning Cost Estimation at Port Project

The planning of a Work Breakdown Structure project is inevitable, because WBS is the initial stage of project management that divides the activities into small work packages making it easy to manage. While the nature of a project is unique, it basically has elements of construction work that are relatively similar for the same project, so standardizing of the work is possible. The existence of standardization will speed up the project planning process and will reduce costs during the project planning period. This research has a goal of developing WBS standardization on port projects and identifies risks that may occur during project implementation and consider them in the cost estimation process. Risks are obtained from the perspective of the contractor as the project implementer. The study is limited to port construction projects. The data collected came from a questionnaire survey to experienced contractors on a port construction project. The results of this study are expected to help the contractor on the estimated costs to be able to know and anticipate the risks that may occur during the implementation of the port construction.

Development of work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary for the construction works of lower structure steel bridge

The lower structure of a steel bridge is one of the essential elements of a whole steel bridge structure. The construction works of this structure are complex and extensive. In the process of planning the construction works for this element, thorough and well-designed plan is vital in order to avoid construction failures or defects that could lead to project failure. Therefore, in the construction planning process for the lower structure steel bridge, a detailed construction process and activities, including its resources are needed for guiding the process effectively and comply with the project requirements. The decomposition of the construction works into work packages is important to minimize mistakes, which is by using a definitive work breakdown structure (WBS) and its detailed dictionary for each work packages. The objective of this study is to develop the WBS dictionary based on the defined WBS, for each construction work elements in the lower structure steel bridge. The study used Delphi method and expert validation as its methodology. The result provides the WBS dictionary that specifies the construction works of lower structure steel bridge into four (4) levels of WBS and two (2) supplementary levels of detailed activities and resources.

Development of work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary for road construction works

In the construction project plan, a description of the project work that will be used as a reference for the implementation of the construction project is required. In fact, there are many construction projects, especially road projects that are not in accordance with the plan in terms of time and cost. For that, we need WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) and its dictionary as a project implementation reference in order to define project activities to the resources. The development of these documents will be discussed in this research so that the implementation of the project is expected to be in accordance with the plan. The results of this study describe the details of the road construction projects to their resources in the form of WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) dictionary.

Work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary development for the construction works of flyover projects

The construction works of flyover is common in a developing country as well as developed country all over the world. Flyover is an infrastructure that is built to overcome the massive congestion that cannot be overcome with the use of traffic light. In the construction process of a flyover, traffic is the one main problem that always occurred. To minimize that problem, the flyover construction should be planned and managed effectively. With the development of WBS and dictionary of WBS, the project stages will be planned and managed in details that can be used to analyse work packages, defined methods, activities, and resources that will help to decrease the occurring problems. The WBS Dictionary for the construction works of flyover projects in this study is developed using archive analysis and survey methods, which consists of six (6) levels including project name, division, sub of works, work packages, activities, and resources.

Development of work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary for the construction works of precast concrete bridge

Nowadays, precast concrete structure system is one of the alternatives of construction methods that is mainly used in the construction projects. In its implementation, this method provides time and energy efficiencies and supports environment preservation. This method is also currently chosen as the main preference for bridge construction projects. However, along with the advantages that it provides, the construction works of precast concrete bridge is a complex project and should be planned and managed effectively. Also, full consideration of each aspect in the scope of this project, such as its defined methods, activities and resources in the construction works, which depend on the site and working condition, is essential. A standardized work breakdown structure (WBS) including the detailed WBS dictionary for its construction works for precast concrete bridge can provide in breaking down the abovementioned aspects and guide the constructor to execute the project. The WBS and its dictionary should be developed in the planning phase of the construction project. This paper explains the development of the WBS dictionary for the construction work of precast concrete bridge. The methodologies used are archive analysis, Delphi method and validated by experts. The WBS dictionary of the precast concrete bridge construction works consists of six (6) levels of WBS (including two supplementary levels), which itemize the work packages, work methods, activities, and resources.

Development of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Standard for Producing the Risk Based Structural Work Safety Plan Of Building

A construction project is inseparable from a series of tasks in the form of activities. Activities that take place on a project can be disrupted due to various reasons, one of the causes of the disruption of project activities are accidents on construction projects. The risk of workplace accidents can be prevented with early identification and analysis of the potential danger that exist in every activity contained in the project’s WBS. The need for a standardized WBS in preventing the risk of workplace accidents is very important because it would present a risk assessment, impact and frequency arising from workplace accidents. The aim of this study is to develop a risk-based WBS standard particularly for structural work, by using a qualitative approach. The results of this research are WBS standard for building, source of potentially dangerous risk at structural work, and the development of safety plan using a risk-based WBS that has been standardized, as a form of prevention, reduction or even nullify the risk of workplace accidents (to obtain zero accidents) during construction project implementation.

대규모 건설프로젝트의 진도율 측정 프레임워크 개발에 관한 연구

다양한 시설의 건설, 다수 이해관계자의 참여, 긴 사업기간 등의 복잡성으로 인해 대규모 건설프로젝트는 이를 관리함에 있어 어려움이 있다. 효과적인 대규모 프로젝트관리를 위해서는 합리적인 진도율 측정이 중요하고, 이를 위한 다양한 방법들이 제안되었다. 하지만 기존의 방법들은 단일 또는 일부 시설의 건설 프로젝트로 한정하였기 때문에 다양한 시설들을 건설하는 대규모 프로젝트에 적용하는 데 한계가 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 대규모 건설프로젝트의 특성을 반영한 진도율 측정 프레임워크를 제안함을 목표로 한다. 프레임워크는 작업분류체계 개발, 주요시설별과 하위시설별 가중치 산정, 통합 진도율 산정으로 총 4가지 단계로 이루어져 있다. 본 프레임워크를 검증하기 위해서 세종시를 대상으로 사례연구를 수행하였고, 활용 가능성을 검증할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 대규모 건설프로젝트의 진도율을 보다 합리적으로 측정할 수 있고 효과적인 프로젝트관리가 이루어질 것으로 기대된다. Managing mega construction project is a very challenging task due to its large scale and complexity. To deal with the challenge, progress measurement must be estimated reliably and effectively. Many researchers have presented progress measurement methods, but previous studies are limited to single or several types of facilities. Thus, they have difficulties to being applied to mega construction projects that covers multiple facilities. To overcome the limitations, this paper proposes a progress measurement framework considering characteristics of mega construction projects. The framework consists of four phases : development of Work Breakdown Structure, determination of weights of main facilities and sub facilities, and calculation of the integrated progress rate. To validate the proposed approach, a case study of Sejong city in Korea was performed. The results of the case study showed the applicability of the proposed framework and confirmed that it enables to reliably measure progress rate of mega construction projects.