Development Of Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

Wavelet Transform Cluster Analysis of UAV Images for Sustainable Development of Smart Regions Due to Inspecting Transport Infrastructure

Sustainable development of the Smart Cities and Smart Regions concept is impossible without the development of a modern transport infrastructure, which must be maintained in proper condition. Inspections are required to assess the condition of objects in the transport infrastructure (OTI). Moreover, the efficiency of these inspections can be enhanced with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), whose application areas are continuously expanding. When inspecting OTI (bridges, highways, etc.) the problem of improving the quality of image processing, and analysis of data collected by UAV, for example, is particularly relevant. The application of advanced methods for assessing the quantity of information and making decisions to reduce information uncertainty and redundancy for such systems is often complicated by the presence of noise there. To harmonize the characteristics of certain procedures in such conditions, authors propose conducting data processing using wavelet transform clustering in three main phases: determining the number of clusters, defining the coordinates of cluster centres, and assessing the quality and efficiency of clustering. We compared the efficiency and quality of existing clustering methods with one using wavelet transform. The research has shown that UAVs can be used for OTI inspecting; moreover, the clustering method with wavelet transform is characterised by an improved quality and efficiency of data processing. In addition, the quality assessment enables us to assess the degree of approximation of the clustering result to the ideal one. In addition, authors examined the specific challenges associated with planning UAV flights during inspections to obtain data that will enhance the accuracy of clustering and recognition. This is especially important for a comprehensive quantitative assessment of adaptation degree for image processing procedures to the tasks of inspecting OTI “Smart Cities/Regions” based on a pragmatic measure of informativeness.

Northern Sea Route: legal issues

The article notes that in modern conditions, the involvement of huge areas of the Arctic with its natural resources in full-fledged production activities is one of the strategic tasks of the state. The involvement of the Arctic region in production activities should be understood as the development of deposits of raw materials, the development of transport and telecommunications infrastructure, the development of research activities, ensuring a favorable environmental situation, and ensuring the security of national borders. The development of the Northern Sea Route is also related to this goal. It is noted that the presence of special risks in the water area of the Northern Sea Route increases the possibility of emergency situations, the result of which may be the infliction of various kinds of damage (harm). In the context of the Northern Sea Route, vessel owners are obligated to possess liability insurance. This insurance is of particular importance in ensuring the protection of third parties during transportation along the Northern Sea Route. It has been demonstrated that the insurance of both property and cargo on board ships plays a significant role in the operation of the Northern Sea Route. The primary challenges associated with this particular insurance category and their potential resolutions are emphasised.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of communications between the Department of transport and Development of road transport infrastructure of Moscow and the population within the framework of the implementation of strategic projects

The article examines the assessment of the effectiveness of communications between the Moscow Department of Transport and Development of Road Transport Infrastructure (DTRDTI) and the population in the context of implementing strategic projects. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of information transparency and accessibility of data on the department’s key initiatives for citizens. The materials and methods include the comparative and content analysis as well as statistical processing of data from DTRDTI’s official websites, publications in the media, social networks and other platforms for the period from 2018 to 2022. The methods of content analysis, comparative analysis and statistical data processing are used. The sample covers 1,520 news stories and information messages. The results show that DTRDTI actively informs Muscovites about the progress of strategic projects. Over the study period, the number of publications increased by 67%, and audience reach, and coverage increased by 84%. A special section “Strategic Projects” has been created on the official website of the department, which is updated weekly. Press conferences, briefings and meetings with journalists are regularly held. In 2022, the Moscow Transport mobile application was launched, allowing to track the work on projects and diverse activities of DTRDTI in real time. The use of VR and 3D modeling technologies for visualization of future objects is noted. At the same time, some problems were identified: uneven presentation of information on different projects, insufficient adaptation of content for perception by non-specialists, lack of versions in foreign languages. It is concluded that DTRDTI demonstrates a high level of information openness. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure a more balanced and accessible coverage of the projects being implemented for a wider audience, as well as to develop new communication channels and formats. The experience of the DTRDTI can be of value not only for the relevant agencies of other regions, but also for the scientific community. The approaches and analysis algorithms proposed in the article are applicable for media audit and optimisation of information activities of authorities of different levels.

Is it worth implementing the Blue Sky Defense Battle initiative? A cost-benefit analysis of the Chengdu case

Abstract To mitigate air pollution, China began implementing its Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle in 2018. The rapid decline in the annual average concentration of particulate matter PM2.5 raised the authors’ interest in the cost efficiency of the implementation of the action plan. Taking Chengdu as an example, this study assesses the costs and benefits of the implementation of the Action Plan by investigating the direct abatement costs, the change of PM2.5-related disease burdens, and the resulting health benefits. The results show that the abatement costs of air pollution in Chengdu amounted to 8.77 billion yuan from 2018 to 2020, the number of beneficiaries over three years could reach 353,546, and the health benefits amounted to 9.79 billion yuan. The health benefit outweighs the abatement cost. Furthermore, among the abatement measures, the cost of transportation infrastructure development accounted for 92.83% in the total. Considering its co-benefit of industry development and CO2 abatement, the true benefits should far outweigh the costs. The Monte Carlo simulation further confirms the economic efficiency of the Three-Year Action Plan. Although the direct costs of the Action Plan are significant, the marginal health benefits of further alleviating PM2.5 may still be greater than the marginal costs, because the population is large and densely distributed in Chengdu. Actions on improving air quality still have the potential to further unlock health benefits for large cities like Chengdu.

"Transport Axes and Corridors in Romania - Policy Issues and Opportunity for Territorial Development "

Without strong cities and efficient transport infrastructure, countries cannot benefit from developed regions and robust economies. The slow development of the road transport infrastructure (46 km/year) hampers the development of Romanian cities, especially those connecting peripheral areas, which are affected by population decline and stagnant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact that transport axes/corridors policy and other relevant planning policies could have on the national territory in terms of stimulating regional growth and reducing spatial disparities. To achieve this, the research consisted in analysing a set of economic and social indicators for all 41 county capital cities in Romania and the capital city Bucharest, as well as traffic data for the national road network. Results showed that economic indicators such as entrepreneurial density and firm turnover have higher values in main urban centres, where infrastructure supports the location of businesses and attract investors that generate economic growth, whereas cities with low accessibility to high quality transport infrastructure have fewer opportunities to grow, evidence that the transport axes/corridors policy could be a relevant territorial planning instrument. Moreover, the findings of this research revealed the incipient stage of integration of development axes policy in Romania due to the fragmented administrative and planning capacity of governmental stakeholders. It is recommended to prioritize multi-level governance reforms to strengthen strategic planning and administrative capacity with a focus not only to connect major cities but also the secondary nodes and peripheral regions, thus promoting inclusive and sustainable development.

Policy Coordination on Transportation Infrastructure Development in Palembang City

On a national level, Palembang is positioned to support various spatial and developmental needs of Jakarta, the capital city. Hosting the Asian Games 2018 was one such initiative, which necessitated accelerated transportation infrastructure development in Palembang. This required innovative approaches to policy coordination in infrastructure development. This study aims to examine the mechanisms and challenges of policy coordination in transportation infrastructure development. The research highlights that coordination efforts have faced delays due to institutional constraints, as agencies and institutions are tied to their own regulations, budgets, and programs while striving to meet their individual targets. Adopting a post-positivist approach, this study employs qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews with stakeholders, and applies qualitative data analysis techniques. The findings reveal that coordination challenges have been mitigated to some extent through the national strategic development project framework, with the entire coordination process being directed by a top-down approach led by the Committee for the Acceleration of Infrastructure Provision (KKPPI).

ASSESSING THE URBANIZATION-DRIVEN CHALLENGES OF TRANSPORTATION SCARCITY AND COMMUTER ACCESSIBILITY IN DAVAO CITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

This systematic review explores the transportation challenges and commuter accessibility issues arising from urbanization in Davao City. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, the study analyzes relevant literature to offer a thorough overview of the problem. Key themes identified include inadequate public transportation, unequal accessibility in outlying areas, environmental concerns, and lack of cohesive urban and transportation planning. The review concludes with practical recommendations, focusing on sustainable urban transport policies, infrastructure development, and community-oriented planning to effectively tackle these challenges.

Methodological Aspects of Studying the Socio-Demographic Situation at the Municipal Level (The Example of the Irkutsk Re-gion and the Republic of Buryatia)

The article is devoted to the study of the socio-demographic situation in the regions of the Baikal region at the municipal level. The purpose of the study is to evaluate possible methodological approaches for studying the socio–demographic situation in the regions of Russia, to analyze the socio-demographic situation in the regions under consideration. The paper reviewed the experience of studying the socio-demographic situation at the regional and municipal levels, analyzed approaches to the term and presented the author’s definition. The most important task of the study was to assess the feasibility of using such an integrated approach in the study of regions. The work used data from the Federal State Statistics Service at the municipal level. To calculate the index of the socio-demographic situation, indicators of the population and the level of development of the social sphere were selected. The calculation of the complex indicator of the socio-demographic situation was carried out for each municipality in the period from 2013 to 2022. A comparative analysis of the territories allowed us to identify several groups according to this indicator. The use of the cartographic method to display the results of the study made it possible to assess the dependence of the socio-demographic situation on the geographical location – climatic conditions, the degree of development of transport infrastructure. The methodology adopted in the work gives a certain idea of the socio-demographic situation, but it also has several disadvantages. In general, it seems promising to refine such an indicator, since there is a direct dependence of demographic development on the level of development of the social sphere. Of particular interest in this regard will be the development of a multifactorial index. Thus, the economic and geographical location of the territories also has an impact on social development. In addition, the use of statistical data alone does not allow for a full assessment of the situation on the ground. In this case, it is possible to use the data of sociological research.

Investment Feasibility Study with the Capital Budgeting Method for the Construction Project of Facilities for Overnight Parking Services at APT Pranoto Airport in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan

The rapid development of transportation infrastructure has significantly increased the demand for vehicle parking facilities, particularly at strategic locations such as APT Pranoto Airport in Samarinda, East Kalimantan. This study evaluates the investment feasibility of constructing an overnight parking facility at the airport. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, financial analysis methods—including Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), and Profitability Index (PI)—were applied. Primary data were collected through interviews with project managers and airport officials. The findings indicate that the current parking facilities are insufficient to meet demand, especially during peak seasons. Financial feasibility tests confirmed the project’s viability, with positive NPV values, an IRR surpassing the required rate of return, a PI exceeding 1, and a short payback period. These results demonstrate the project’s potential profitability and its ability to enhance service quality. Consequently, this investment is recommended as a sustainable initiative to support the airport’s increasing transportation needs and promote operational efficiency.

Особенности пространственного и экономико-демографического развития китайского города Хэйхэ

The trend for high-quality development in various areas of Chinese society is spreading to border areas under the modern border management model that combines security and economic empowerment. The leading role is given to the economic growth of cities on the border and attracting residents from internal Chinese regions to live in the border area. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of spatial, economic and demographic factors on the development of the territory of the northeastern city of Heihe, bordering Russia, within the framework of the updated strategy for regional coordinated development and the strategy for transforming border areas. The study used a systematic method, which made it possible to identify patterns of spatial development of the border city of Heihe, and a statistical method, which contributed to the consideration of quantitative characteristics of the economic and demographic development of Heihe. The article draws attention to the fact that the spatial and economic development of border Heihe is based on the formation of an innovative industrial center, a modernized agricultural base, and a territory of ‘openness’ in Northeast Asia with a developed transport infrastructure. It is substantiated that the revival of the city of Heihe is due to transformations of the agricultural complex and mining industry with the introduction of high-tech innovations. The leading role is given to Chinese-Russian cooperation, which is expanding every year. All strategic projects of Heihe depend on the effective solution of such demographic problems as the reduction in the city's population, the outflow of population to other regions and the aging population. The materials of the article can be used by Russian authorities in the development of territories bordering China, and also serve as the basis for further research on this topic.

Формирование трудового потенциала и его компонентов с позиции цифровой трансформации и технологического суверенитета в Арктической зоне РФ

One of the key challenges in achieving sustainable regional development is the effective utilization of labor potential within a territory. Major disparities in labor potential are observed across regions, driven by factors such as natural and climatic conditions, demographic trends, varying levels of industrial and transport infrastructure development, and government benefits. This issue is particularly pronounced in the Russian Arctic, a region of strategic importance to Russia. In the context of digital transformation, technological sovereignty, depopulation, and migration outflows, there exists a strong correlation between labor potential and workforce availability in these territories. The development of this macro-region necessitates a well-structured human resource strategy. This study aims to develop and test a methodology for forecasting labor potential levels in the context of digitalization and technological sovereignty, using data from regions within the Russian Arctic. The methodology comprises three stages: (1) identifying determinants and collecting relevant statistical data, (2) compiling a forecast data set based on dynamic series and calculating indices, and (3) utilizing a matrix framework to evaluate and rank territorial performance based on specified criteria. The study employs methods such as comparison, grouping, forecasting, visualization, and matrix techniques, as well as correlation and cluster analysis. Its scientific novelty lies in redefining the concept of "labor potential" within the framework of digitalization and technological sovereignty, and in creating a new typology of regions based on labor potential levels.

Conceptual methodological approach to the formation of innovative port transport and logistics infrastructure within the priority development areas

The article considers the possibility of forming a single network of transport and logistics centers in order to ensure the advanced development of transport infrastructure and the fulfillment of the tasks set in the Transport Strategy and the Strategy for the Scientific and Technical Development of the Russian Federation. The similarity of the principles of the formation of priority development territories with the transport and logistics centers functioning within their framework and cluster theory is shown. In this regard, a conceptual model of the transport and logistics cluster of the regional level, built into the international transport corridor and which is part of the country's supporting transport network, has been proposed. A conceptual model for managing the development of a combined transport and logistics system of transportation, taking into account interaction within the framework of the international transport corridor, was considered and supplemented, the implementation of which will speed up the formation of a reference transport network and the achievement of the set targets of the main national program documents.

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE FUNCTIONING OF THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Introduction. The article addresses the critical issue of transportation systems as a key component for each state. These systems fulfill multiple functions aimed at ensuring efficient coordination in transport processes. Urban transportation infrastructure, in particular, demands focused attention. In the post-war period, to foster economic development and improve environmental conditions, it is essential to implement and advance innovative and digital technologies. Purpose. The purpose is to explore the directions for the development of transportation infrastructure and to identify ways to promote priority areas in the innovative processes within transportation systems. Results. At present, there is a pressing need to consider the prospects and restoration of urban areas damaged by hostilities. Planning for restoration cannot be deferred until the post-war period when martial law is lifted. Transportation is one of the main components of infrastructure that influences regional development and has strategic importance. Attention must be given to the factors and conditions shaping the formation and development of the transportation system. Given that a city’s transportation system encompasses the collection of infrastructure facilities and services for operation and maintenance, the responsibility for its development lies primarily with municipal authorities. Transportation and transport planning are often not independent objects of development plans but rather serve as baseline conditions. The goal of transportation policy, aimed at urban development, should not be solely the development of transportation itself but must consider its integration with the development of economic, environmental, and social elements. An essential aspect of transportation system development is the application of innovative activities. Innovation in the transportation sector should focus on defining the level of technical advancement, which significantly affects performance indicators such as work quality and productivity within the industry. Conclusions. Implementing modern innovative methods in the restoration processes of transportation infrastructure will contribute to improving the quality of life and the living standards of the population.

Bridging Innovation Distances: High‐Speed Rail and Patent Agency Utilization in China

ABSTRACTInnovation intermediaries are instrumental in enhancing the efficacy of the innovation process, yet their accessibility tends to be geographically restricted, particularly in underdeveloped regions. This study examines whether the development of transportation infrastructure can alleviate these spatial frictions, promoting cross‐regional utilization of intermediary services and subsequently improving innovation outcomes. Leveraging a unique database on patent agency utilization for all invention patents in China from 2003 to 2019, and employing high‐speed rail (HSR) as a natural experiment, we estimate a staggered difference‐in‐difference model at the city‐pair level. Our findings suggest that reductions in transportation costs lead to a substantial increase in cross‐city PAU after HSR connection, especially in sectors with higher technology sophistication requiring more face‐to‐face interactions between inventors and agents. This research uncovers a novel mechanism through which HSR influences innovation and provides policy implications for optimizing innovation intermediaries through infrastructure development.

National initiatives on road safety and their implementation

The relevance of the topic is driven by the increasing number of road traffic accidents and the need to improve road safety. National road safety initiatives are an important component of state policy aimed at reducing accidents and saving lives. The effective implementation of these measures can significantly improve road conditions and contribute to the sustainable development of transport infrastructure. The article is dedicated to the analysis of national initiatives in the field of road safety in Ukraine and their implementation in the context of European standards. The main objective of the research is to identify key areas and mechanisms for improving road safety by adapting European experience. Special attention is given to the analysis of legal acts regulating road safety, such as the Law of Ukraine «On Road Traffic» and resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, as well as recommendations for their improvement. The national initiatives being implemented in Ukraine are examined in the context of international cooperation and the adoption of European standards. The article also explores the impact of new technologies and information systems on enhancing safety, such as the use of GPS and automated systems for collecting data on road conditions. Particular attention is paid to the role of national monitoring bodies responsible for overseeing road accidents and developing strategies to improve road safety. The experience of European Union countries, specifically France, Germany, and Italy, regarding the creation and functioning of such bodies is analyzed, and recommendations for adapting these models in Ukraine are provided. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to improving road safety, which includes the joint efforts of the state, the public, and international partners, as well as the integration of advanced technologies. The research findings can be useful for shaping new national road safety strategies and enhancing the effectiveness of existing measures.

How to achieve sustainable operation of transport infrastructure development: a case study of 30 transport infrastructure projects in China

Transport infrastructure projects are distinguished by their high levels of investment, lengthy construction periods, and reliance on government subsidies during operation. These factors have far-reaching impacts, not only on the sustainable operation and success of the projects themselves, but also on the orderly functioning of society and the sustainable development of the economy. As such, it is of paramount importance to thoroughly investigate the sustainable operation of transport infrastructure. This paper examines the impact of sustainable operation on transport infrastructure by analysing 30 projects in China’s transport infrastructure sector. The study employs the qualitative comparative analysis method. To achieve the aim of this paper, we identified five dimensions for assessing a project’s sustainability. These include the economic environment of the construction site, operational market demand, government support capacity, and enterprise management level. This analysis offers valuable guidance for future engineering projects. Finally, the study identified seven strategies for achieving sustainable operation of the project. The findings revealed that the economic development status, population size, and government subsidies of the construction site do not effectively promote sustainable operation of the project. Rather, they can hinder enterprises’ market competitiveness. The study’s results can assist decision-makers in determining the feasibility of implementing sustainable management practices in the new project. Examine the factors that influence the achievement of sustainable business while enhancing the operational efficiency of ongoing initiatives. This research aims to produce a valuable addition to risk assessments in sustainable operation research and the advancement of transportation infrastructure reduction.

Problems of Transport Provision in the Regions of Eastern Siberia and the Far East

The article provides a detailed analysis of the existing transport infrastructure in the East of the country, taking into account the development of export directions. A comprehensive study of two main railways, highways and ports that provide communication in the regions of Eastern Siberia and the Far East was carried out. The advantages, disadvantages and prospects for the development of the largest checkpoints have been identified. It is shown that there is an annual development and strengthening of the international integration of the eastern regions of Russia with the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, while taking into account the national interest of the Russian state. The integration of the eastern regions with the unified transport system of Russia is also developing by increasing the carrying capacity of the Eastern range. The number of border road and rail crossings is growing, port capacities are expanding, and the country’s key logistics hub is being formed. But despite this, it is shown that there are transport problems in the Far Eastern regions of the country: lack of supply railways to seaports, low railway capacity, poor development of transport infrastructure for the development of natural resources. It is concluded that there is a need to develop transport infrastructure in the Far East, which will improve socio-economic indicators in the eastern regions. The development of integration of the railway with sea ports will increase the export of raw materials and products with high added value from the mining and metallurgical, fuel and energy, chemical and agro-industrial complexes. Effective implementation of transit potential will not only make it possible to obtain economic benefits from participation in international transport, but will also create new instruments for Russia’s influence on global economic processes.

Modern Development of Transport Infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan

The article is devoted to the analysis of the modern development of transport infrastructure in Kyrgyzstan. The work considers the key trends and directions of state policy in this area. The study shows that Kyrgyzstan has a stable positive dynamic in the development of various types of passenger and freight transportation. There is an increase in the volume of automobile, rail, air, and other transport services. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of large-scale infrastructure projects for the reconstruction and modernization of key highways connecting Kyrgyzstan with neighboring countries. This contributes to improving the quality and availability of transport communications, as well as the country's integration into regional and global logistics chains. In the aviation industry, measures are being taken to expand the route network of the national air carrier, improve the quality of airport services, and renew the aircraft fleet. Comprehensive measures in the field of transport infrastructure carried out in Kyrgyzstan are aimed at increasing the efficiency, competitiveness, and environmental friendliness of the national transport system, which plays a key role in ensuring economic growth and sustainable development of the country.

INOVASI 4.0 DALAM PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI PADA SISWA/I SMK KARYA NASIONAL, KAB. KUNINGAN JAWA BARAT

This study aims to determine innovation 4.0 in accounting learning for students at SMK Karya Nasional, Kab. Kuningan West Java. The digital era is a time where everyone can communicate with each other very closely, even though they are far apart. We can find out certain information very quickly, even in real time. Globalization is a process of international integration that occurs as a result of exchange of world views, products, ideas and other cultural aspects caused by the development of telecommunications, transportation and internet infrastructure. The result of the industrial revolution era 4.0 were also marked by the development of the internet and digital technology as well as the emergence of supercomputers and artificial intelligence. The education needed to enter the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 is learning that empowers students to be able to think critically, creatively, innovatively, collaborate and have high self-confidence. Revision of current skills is highly recommended to ensure the profession’s relevance in industry 4.0. enabling future accounting graduates to be accepted in the labor market. Developing the skills of future accountants must be the main agenda in this era. Online and distance learning must be the rise of education 4.0

PERENCANAAN DAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN SEDERHANA BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI PADA SISWA/I SMK KARYA NASIONAL, KAB. KUNINGAN JAWA BARAT

The Digital era is a time where everyone can communicate with each other very closely, even though they are far apart. We can find out certain information very quickly, even in real time. Globalization is a process of international integration that occurs as a resul of the exchange of world views, product, ideas and other cultural aspects caused by the development of telecomunications, transportation and internet infrastructure. In financial management, both recording income and expenditure is very important as a basis for evaluating existing business systems.wtih the development of increasingly better technology, it is necessary to have a touch of computerized technology in financial management in recording income and expenditure transactionsso that it will be faster and more effective in recording transactions. The method used in this service is a socialization method regarding the use of information in financial management and s followed by training and practice in preparing information technology-based financial reports. As a result of this service, it is hoped that students will have the ability to prepare technology-basaed financial reports and able to record transaction using computer application. It is also hoped that students can increase transparency and accountability in financial management when facing the world of work after graduating.