Development Of Theory Research Articles

What’s a news media brand worth? Investigating the effect of cognitive brand representations on recipients’ quality assessment of news articles

News recipients evaluate the quality of journalistic news articles based on the article’s journalistic quality and its media brand. We argue that differentiating a news media’s brand identity from recipients’ cognitive associations with the brand offers a valuable perspective to understand quality evaluations in a more detailed way. We, therefore, specify the effect of media brands on the quality evaluation by including consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) as a mediator and investigate this mediation effect for five quality dimensions and a global quality measure. Based on a two (high vs low quality) x three (quality brand vs tabloid brand vs control group) between-subject experiment with 469 German respondents, we conducted structural equation modeling to investigate the direct effects of media brands on recipients’ quality assessment of news articles and the mediating effect via CBBE. We found mediation effects of the media brand via CBBE on all quality dimensions and the global measure. In addition, two direct media brand effects with opposite effect directions than expected could be identified. All results are discussed concerning further theory development and practical implications.

Review on road congestion pricing: a long-term land use effect perspective

Road congestion pricing (RCP) is an important way of controlling traffic congestion from the perspective of traffic demand management. This paper introduces the concept and four main types of applications of RCP, summarises the development of RCP theory, reveals the first- and second-order effects of RCP on transportation systems and land use, and analyses the long-term impact of RCP on the spatial location structure of land use. Relevant research progress considering land use effects is systematically and comprehensively reviewed from three research perspectives: demand modelling (pre-RCP), monitoring and analysis (post-RCP) and modelling methods (integration models and other models). The results showed that RCP will affect residents’ travel behaviour in the short term and will lead to changes in spatial location decisions in the long run, thus creating new travel demands and travel modes, affecting the transportation system and urban spatial patterns again. Implementing cordon charges has an agglomeration effect on the population in city centres. Cordon charges also have a significant negative impact on businesses in the toll area and a dispersive effect on jobs. Combined with appropriate strategies for shared autonomous vehicles, RCP can simultaneously improve transportation efficiency and regional accessibility.

A systematic review of social camouflaging in autistic adults and youth: Implications and theory.

Social camouflaging (SC) is a set of behaviors used by autistic people to assimilate with their social environment. Using SC behaviours may put autistic people at risk for poor mental health outcomes. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the goal of this systematic review was to investigate the development of SC and inform theory in this area by outlining the predictors, phenotype, and consequences of SC. This review fills a gap in existing literature by integrating quantitative and qualitative methodologies, including all gender identities/age groups of autistic individuals, incorporating a large scope of associated factors with SC, and expanding on theory/implications. Papers were sourced using Medline, PsycInfo, and ERIC. Results indicate that self-protection and desire for social connection motivate SC. Camouflaging behaviors include compensation, masking, and assimilation. Female individuals were found to be more likely to SC. Additionally, this review yielded novel insights including contextual factors of SC, interpersonal relational and identity-related consequences of SC, and possible bidirectional associations between SC and mental health, cognition, and age of diagnosis. Autistic youth and adults have similar SC motivations, outward expression of SC behavior, and experience similar consequences post-camouflaging. Further empirical exploration is needed to investigate the directionality between predictors and consequences of SC, and possible mitigating factors such as social stigma and gender identity.

Children’s Expressed Emotions During Playful Learning Games

Studies on software tutoring systems for complex learning have shown that confusion has a beneficial relationship with the learning experience and student engagement (Arguel et al., 2017). Causing confusion can prevent boredom while signs of confusion can serve as a signal of genuine learning and as a predecessor for frustration. There is little to no research on the role of confusion in early childhood education and playful learning, as these studies primarily focus on high school and university students during complex learning tasks. Despite that, the field acknowledges that confusion may be caused by inconsistency between information and a student’s internal model referred to as cognitive disequilibrium known from the theory of cognitive development, which was originally theorized based on observational studies on young children (D’Mello and Graesser, 2012). Therefore, there is reason to expect that the virtues of confusion also apply to young children engaging in learning activities, such as playful learning. To investigate the role of confusion in playful learning, we conducted an observational study, in which the behavior and expressed emotions of young children were collected by familiar pedagogues, using a web app, while they engaged with playful learning games designed for kindergartens. The expressed emotions were analyzed using a likelihood metric to determine the likely transitions between emotions (D’Mello and Graesser, 2012). The preliminary results showed that during short play sessions, children express confusion, frustration, and boredom. Furthermore, the observed emotional transitions were matched with previously established models of affect dynamics during complex learning. We argue that games with a learning objective can benefit by purposely confusing the player and how the player’s confusion may be managed to improve the learning experience.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MASS CONSCIOUSNESS OF PEASANTS DURING PUGACHEV’S REBELLION

The article describes the prerequisites, factors and characteristics of mass consciousness of peasants during the years of Pugachev’s Rebellion (1773-1775). The analysis is carried out on the basis of the model of the functional system of the psyche, differentiation-integration theory of development, social constructivism, psychological- historical and intellectual-historical reconstruction. The peasant rebellion is considered as a result of the functioning of mass consciousness of this social group under the influence of historical, political and economic factors. It is shown that the peasant consciousness was based on communal identity, and its inherent values of stability and tradition were in conflict with the innovative values of secularism and rationalism that had entered Russia since the times of Peter the Great’s reforms. The inconsistency of the authorities’ actions with the needs of the population led to the emergence of social problems and determined behavioural activity in the form of riots.

The impact of agricultural machinery services on farmland transfer: a analytical perspective based on the profitability of grain production

IntroductionIn the context of the deceleration of farmland scale management, a crucial question arises in agricultural development theory and practice: will service driven scale management in the production process become a viable alternative to farmland scale management, serving as the secondary pathway to achieve scale management in China?MethodsTo address this issue, an empirical analysis on the impact of agricultural machinery services on farmland transfer was conducted in this article using data from the China Rural Revitalization Survey database comprising 302 villages and 2,871 micro-farmers in 2020 by utilizing the ordinary least squares method and instrumental variable method.Results and discussionThe results show that the implementation of agricultural machinery services will increase the rate of farmland transfer in villages. The effect of agricultural machinery services on increasing the profitability of large-scale farmers surpasses its effect on smallholder farmers, thereby motivating smallholder farmers to transfer farmland to large-scale farmers, consequently fostering the consolidation of farmland. In addition, power-intensive service links are more effective in increasing the rate of farmland transfer and fostering the concentration of farmland transfer compared to control-intensive service links. The impact of agricultural machinery services on enhancing the rate of farmland transfer and fostering the consolidation of farmland transfer is more pronounced on the plain areas compared to the hillmountainous areas. Consequently, this article demonstrates that service-driven scale management and farmland scale management are not merely alternatives but rather complementary strategies that mutually reinforce each other.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY OF GAS FUEL COMBUSTION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT MODERN KINETIC MECHANISMS OF COMBUSTION

An actuality of modernizing advancement the modern adopted combustion theory is due to a significant change in the composition of fuels at the market of developed countries by rejection of basic mineral (organic) fuels (fossil fuels), which have been used in the world for 250 years. The transformation of traditional fuels’ orientation towards an application of carbon-free fuels, primarily to hydrogen and its mixtures with natural gas. Each way of mentioned activity is connected with to ensure an environmental decarbonisation. Criteria for evaluating the CO2 emissions by fuels’ choice and selection have been proposed while numerical calculations of the specific CO2 content in the combustion products of the hydrocarbon-hydrogen mixture jʹ and j have been evaluated. It is possible to reduce these values when adding the shared H2 in the fuels (m3 CO2/ MJ; kg CO2/ MJ). Considering the combustion process in combustion systems (combustion chambers, boilers, furnaces) at constant pressure (p =const, dp =0 — isobaric process), the enthalpy of the reactants’ flow of the mixture (total (chemical) enthalpy I) can serve as a measure of the specific energy of the reacting mixture. An approach is proposed, according to which the main equations of heat and mass transfer in the torch (premixed flame) are composed basing upon the principle of conservation the total (chemical) enthalpy representing energy as basic function. The basic approach to the development of a modern combustion theory is focused on the concept of T. von Karman, according to which the combustion process is considered as “aerothermochemistry”, i.e. the description of physical and chemical processes is based on the combination of heat and mass transfer equations with chemical kinetics’ equations. At the current period, the problem of chemical kinetics (burning process) is considered through the combustion mechanisms of basic fuels, which consist of a large number of equations for molecules and particles involved in process at various stages of the combustion — from the preheating of the reaction mixture and through the stage of ignition (or self-ignition) — to the final temperature of flue gases. The laminar combustion velocity SL is a determinative characteristic of the combustible properties of gas fuels and, accordingly, of the safety restrictions by the fuel choice. Quantitative values of SL for the separate basic fuels, including the hydrogen, both the organic (fossil fuels) and alternative ones could be differed by an order of magnitude and more. The problem of estimable forecasting the SL value provides an option of the composition of the fuel-oxidant mixture in the industry, power and municipal energetics. The SL value’s prediction makes an especially important action at the current stage of modelling completion with an account of the global warming and by preventing an excess of CO2 emissions, including involvement of hydrogen-containing gases by substitution the carbon-friendly fuels, firstly the fossil fuels. The contemporary theory of combustion has been developed by extensive use the adequate kinetic mechanism GRI-Mech 3.0, the universality of which has been confirmed by our calculations of SL values for a wide range of the gas fuels — from methane CH4 to hydrogen H2 and their mixtures. An advanced modern theory of combustion using the adequate and approved GRI-Mech 3.0 combustion kinetic mechanism has been developed. The universality of this mechanism is confirmed by our calculations of SL values for a wide range of gaseous fuels — from methane CH4 to hydrogen H2 and their mixtures (mixed gases MG). For further analysis and development, the model of combustion in the reacting flow by Y.B. Zeldovich and D.A. Frank-Kamenetsky was used, considering the transfer processes of total enthalpy I as the energy characteristic of the combustible mixture. The kinetic component (on the example of natural gas) is taken into account using the combustion mechanism for GRI-Mech 3.0. The latter summarizes the combustion process of through 325 constituent reactions for 53 components. The adequacy of the combustion model proposed in the paper is confirmed by numerical examples of the coincidence of numerical SL values: ours — calculated; literary — experimental. The validity of experimental values of SL is provided by the use of different methods of measuring the SL. Calculations of the specific total enthalpy I of the reacting mixture along the length x º l (thickness of the front for a homogeneous flame in a one-dimensional formulation) have been performed as a result of researches confirmed the initial position: I(x) = const with deviations for CH4 +7 % / –2 %; for H2 +9,2 % / –2,8 % in relation to the heat of combustion. Bibl. 52, Fig. 9, Tab. 3.

Methods for estimating integrated variance: Jump robustness issues in high frequency time series

Integrated variance is a volatility measure of a process in continuous time, which is applicable in financial mathematics as a means to optimize a portfolio, project dynamics of a price of a financial asset. The consistency of an estimator for integrated variance of a random process is at the core of this article. A fundamental diffusion process is extended by adding a jump component as a means of improving the descriptive function of the process. It is activity of jumps that is a factor subject to which is the consistency of the estimator for integrated variance. Due to this fact, consistency is defined as an extent to which the estimator at hand is jump robust. Two main methods for estimating integrated variance are considered and the capacity of corresponding estimators to withstand the effect of jumps while converging is briefly analyzed. The arguments indicating a necessity for further research of the effect of jumps with reference to works of the authors who have established a ground for analysis of integrated variance and those works containing main asymptotic results for consistency of integrated variance estimators are elaborated. Based on this, avenue for further research and development of asymptotic theory for consistency of an estimator for integrated variance is identified.

A longitudinal path model examining the transactional nature of parenting and child externalizing behaviors in a large, sociodemographically diverse sample.

Children's externalizing behaviors are associated with impairments across the lifespan. Developmental psychopathology theories propose transactional (bidirectional) associations between child externalizing behaviors and parenting during childhood and adolescence. Yet, these foundational relations in early childhood are not well-studied. Utilizing a large, mixed-sex sample, we examined the reciprocal nature of parenting and child externalizing behaviors across early childhood using robust repeated-measures models. Repeated measures data were drawn from a socioeconomically diverse, longitudinal pregnancy cohort of 1287 (64% Black, 31% White) mother-child dyads at four time points (ages one to six). Three variables were included in cross-lagged panel models: observed parenting quality, child externalizing symptoms, and a maternal risk composite. In covariate-adjusted models, higher parenting quality at Wave 1 predicted lower child externalizing symptoms at Wave 2. Higher externalizing symptoms at Wave 1 and Wave 2 predicted lower parenting quality at Wave 2 and Wave 3, respectively. Maternal risk and parenting quality were not significantly associated. Findings showed both parent-driven and child-driven effects across early childhood that did not vary by child sex. The transactional nature of the parent-child relationship begins in infancy, underscoring the importance of early screening and provision of supports for families to minimize and prevent the development of serious psychopathology.

Cicchetti's organizational-developmental perspective of Down syndrome: Contributions to the emergence of developmental psychopathology and the study of persons with neurodevelopmental conditions.

Dante Cicchetti's earliest work, his studies of social-emotional development in infants and children with Down syndrome, set the stage for the emergence of the larger field of developmental psychopathology. By applying basic developmental principles, methodologies, and questions to the study of persons with Down syndrome, Dante took on the challenge of searching for patterns in atypical development. In doing so, he extended traditional developmental theory and introduced a more "liberal" approach that both continues to guide developmentally based research with persons with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs), including Down syndrome. We highlight five themes from Dante's work: (1) appreciating the importance of developmental level; (2) prioritizing the organization of development; (3) examining whether developmental factors work similarly in those with known genetic conditions; (4) rethinking narratives about ways of being; and (5) examining the influence of multiple levels of the environment on the individual's functioning. We highlight ways that these essential lessons anticipated present-day research with persons with a variety of NDCs, including Down syndrome, other genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disability, and autism. We conclude with visions to the future for research with these populations as well as for the field of developmental psychopathology more generally.

The utility of high-dosage experiments in everyday life to test theories in clinical science.

This viewpoint article discusses the utility of high-dosage experiments (HDEs) in everyday life to test theories in clinical science. HDEs involve experimental manipulations and assessments that occur over much longer periods of time than traditional experiments-generally days or even weeks. By nature, they also occur outside the lab, in the everyday environments of participants. Additionally, as with other experiments, the purpose of the study is concealed from participants. Experimental design is one of the most distinguishable characteristics of psychology that separates it from other behavioral sciences. Studies that rely on experiments are essential for theory testing and establishing the potential causal role of mechanisms that underlie psychopathology. Yet despite the value of experimental research, experimental studies are not currently given special prominence in clinical psychological science. For example, in the Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science, of all the empirical studies in the most recent year (2023), only three of 77 incorporated an experimental manipulation. Experimental research appears to be less popular in clinical psychology than in other fields, such as social psychology. What might account for this discrepancy? First, clinical samples are more difficult to recruit. This is important because experimental manipulations may produce small effects that require large samples for detection. Additionally, mechanisms hypothesized to underlie psychopathology are often chronic and intransigent. For example, cognitive factors (e.g., perfectionistic beliefs) could require an especially strong manipulation to modify in isolation. Researchers have argued that psychology has been experiencing a crisis in theory development. Eronen and Bringmann (2021) stated that one major reason for this crisis is the difficulty in establishing causal relationships between psychological constructs. The replication crisis has garnered even more attention (Open Science Collaboration, 2015). HDEs would help address these two crises and provide stronger and more replicable tests of theory. This could allow us to more precisely identify important mechanisms underlying psychopathology, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy, and enabling us to move the field forward. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Effect of Information Sharing, Supply Chain Collaboration and Supply Chain Agility on Supply Chain Performance in Food and Beverage SME in the Bogor Region

This study analyzes the influence of information sharing, supply chain collaboration, and supply chain agility on supply chain performance in the food and beverage industry in the Greater Jakarta area. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the extent to which information sharing practices and collaboration between supply chain partners, as well as the ability of the supply chain to respond to change, affect overall supply chain performance. The method used was a survey with SME respondents in the food and beverage sector. The results showed that information sharing has a significant positive influence on supply chain collaboration and supply chain agility, which in turn improves supply chain performance. This research makes an important contribution to the development of supply chain management theory and practice, particularly in the context of SME in the food and beverage sector.

The atomic-level structure and stability of interfaces of Pt nanoparticles in alumina: An experimental and computational evaluation

The atomic-level structure of interfaces between Pt and a transition form of Al2O3 were studied using a combination of electron microscopy and first principles calculations. A model system of Pt nanoprecipitates in Al2O3 were formed in sapphire wafers via high-energy ion implantation of Pt followed by thermal annealing at 1000 °C in air. The Pt nanoparticles took the form of tetrahedra and truncated tetrahedra primarily bound by {111}Pt facets. The high prevalence of these facets motivated the development of density functional theory (DFT) based models of (111)Pt interfaces with six different chemical terminations of (2¯01) θ-alumina. The atomic-level structure of the Pt/Al2O3 interfaces was characterized with aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and the experimental images were compared to STEM image simulations of the DFT models. The model interface with Pt bonded to oxygen-terminated θ-Al2O3, with the Pt located on top of the O and with an underlying layer of octahedral Al, provided the best match to the experimental images. This interfacial termination is also the most stable for the thermal annealing conditions used based on thermodynamic calculations of the interfacial energy as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. This experimentally verified model provides a basis for improving models of Pt/γ-alumina interfaces.

Levels and Performance Indicators of Business Under an Integral Theoretical Perspective Oriented Toward SDG

Objective: The sustainable development goals require companies to rethink the way in which economic and social value is created. This article aims to propose an alternative approach to studying business performance from an inclusive and sustainable perspective. Theoretical Framework: The contributions of organizational development theory are employed, and based on its principles, business performance, its levels, and indicators are characterized. Method: Documentary research was conducted, taking as a starting point the units of analysis proposed by organizational development theory. Results and Discussion: Variables associated with the organizational levels declared by organizational development theory were identified, and the benefits they bring to comprehensive business performance are supported. Research Implications: Business performance is characterized and classified based on the three levels of an organizational system: the individual level (personnel performance), the group and environment level (group performance), and the organizational level (organizational performance). Originality/Value: The literature is ambiguous when it comes to defining and measuring business performance. In many cases, the sole focus is financial performance. This paper highlights the need to broaden the framework for studying business performance and decent work by revaluing the role of individuals in achieving business organizational goals through work.

Noncommutative Nest Hardy Spaces and Martingales

Abstract Let $(\mathcal{M},\tau )$ be a finite von Neumann algebra equipped with a normalized faithful trace and let $\mathbb{A}$ be a nest of order type $\mathbb{N}$. The nest algebra is defined by $H_{\infty }^{r}(\mathbb{A})=\{x\in \mathcal{M}:ex=exe,e\in \mathbb{A}\}$, and the related noncommutative Hardy space $H_{p}^{r}(\mathbb{A})$ is the completion of $H_{\infty }^{r}(\mathbb{A})$ in $L_{p}(\mathcal{M})$. In the present paper, we make a connection between $H_{p}^{r}(\mathbb{A})$ and certain noncommutative martingale Hardy space via showing that triangular truncation is a concrete martingale transform. We include several related results for noncommutative nest Hardy spaces in the spirit of recent development of noncommutative martingale theory.

Developing an initial explanatory theory for Partnering for Change using realist evaluation.

Partnering for Change (P4C) is an innovative practice model for school-based occupational therapy developed in Canada and informed by a program of research spanning nearly two decades. National and international interest in P4C necessitated development of an explanatory theory to guide implementation in varied contexts. The purpose of this study is to document the process of theory development and to provide an overview of the initial P4C explanatory theory. Realist evaluation was used to construct an initial explanatory theory of P4C drawing on P4C developers' conceptualisations of the model, document analysis, and analysis of transcripts from interviews and focus groups. No consumers were involved in the study design or analysis. Four sets of premises expressed as context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) comprise the initial explanatory theory of P4C. An abstracted summary of these four sets along with contexts, mechanisms, and outcomes central to the P4C initial explanatory theory is presented. An exemplar CMOC is shared to illustrate how theoretical premises are developed and expressed using realist evaluation. This study advances knowledge regarding the hypothesised core elements of P4C and provides an example of using realist evaluation to advance knowledge in occupational therapy. Preliminary implications for clinical practice are discussed. Partnering for Change (P4C) is a way of providing occupational therapy services in schools that helps all children to learn and participate successfully. P4C was created in Ontario, Canada, and has been researched for almost 20 years. People in different parts of Canada and other countries are interested in trying P4C. As the researchers who created P4C, we think there is a need to explain how it works so it can be used in different places. This study explains how we created a theory to describe P4C. To develop this theory, we used a method called realist evaluation that would help us explain how, why, and in what situations P4C works best. To do this, we analysed documents and transcripts of interviews and focus groups. Our findings are organised into four main ideas, each explained in terms of contexts (the situations), mechanisms (how and why P4C works), and outcomes (the impacts of P4C). One detailed example is given to show how these ideas were formed and work together. In conclusion, our study helps us understand the key parts of P4C and shows how realist evaluation can be used to improve knowledge in occupational therapy. The study also suggests some early ideas on how P4C can be used in practice.

Book Review: The Technology Acceptance Model - 30 Years of TAM by Fred D. Davis and Andrina Granic.

The book “The Technology Acceptance Model – 30 years of TAM” by Davis and Granic is a retrospective, a state of play and a look forward at the Technology Acceptance Model. It will appeal to a cross section of readers, including those new to the field, existing researchers and people interested in theory development. The book is divided into three sections plus an appendix. These cover, respectively, the development of the theory, described in terms of Smith and Hitt’s theory of development, a review of recent research in the field, presented as a meta-review of work between 2003 and 2023, a proposal for the future development of the theory via NeuroIS and set of principles for refining the theory a variety of contexts. The book is comprehensive, systematic and thought provoking. It is an interesting addition to the body of work on technology acceptance.

Evaluation and Improvement of College Dance Course Based on Multiple Intelligences Theory

Based on the theory of multiple intelligences, this paper discusses the methods and strategies for the evaluation and improvement of college dance courses. Firstly, this paper introduces the concept and development of multiple intelligence theory and emphasizes its complement and perfection to traditional intelligence theory. Then, it analyzes the problems and shortcomings of current college dance courses, including overemphasis on skill training and single evaluation criteria. Then, it puts forward the curriculum evaluation index based on the theory of multiple intelligences, including the evaluation of students’ multiple intelligences development and the evaluation of curriculum design and teaching methods. At the same time, curriculum evaluation tools and methods are discussed, such as questionnaire survey, observation record, learning achievement display and student self-rating. In the aspect of curriculum improvement and perfection strategy, it emphasizes the application of multiple intelligence theory, interdisciplinary integration and the introduction of scientific and technological means. In terms of curriculum implementation and effect evaluation, the importance of students’ comprehensive intelligent evaluation and students’ feedback is emphasized. Finally, the paper summarizes the practical value of the evaluation and improvement of college dance courses based on the theory of multiple intelligences and looks forward to the future research direction and prospects.

Sustainable Design Methods Translated from the Thermodynamic Theory of Vernacular Architecture: Atrium Prototypes

In the context of China’s sustainable development and dual carbon goals, research on thermodynamic architecture theory and vernacular architecture increasingly aligns with international trends, developing distinct characteristics. This research addresses the challenge of rapid changes in the built environment by focusing on climate adaptability and passive technologies. However, the development of thermodynamic theory in vernacular architecture faced technical limitations in the early 21st century and was later overshadowed by the industry’s reliance on active technologies to meet green building standards, resulting in a reduced role for architects in the green building field. This article traces the origins of passive architecture, rooted in vernacular architecture, and applies thermodynamic theory to explore architectural prototypes. It examines the theoretical feasibility of architectural design in achieving low-carbon and sustainable goals, aiming to fill a gap in thermodynamic theory within the broader context of sustainable architectural development. After demonstrating the various passive prototypes inherent in vernacular architecture, this paper proposes a courtyard prototype focused on residential comfort for design translation and analysis. The research methods employed include bioclimatic charting, balance point temperature analysis in time series, and extensive computer simulations. Through the process of prototype extraction, performance analysis, validation, and optimization, the paper systematically discusses sustainable design methods within the framework of thermodynamic architecture theory. It also provides practical demonstrations of these methods across four distinct climate regions in China. By translating vernacular architectural designs, this research systematically organizes the theoretical framework for architects’ early involvement in low-carbon and green building design, offering a theoretical foundation for initiating the design process through prototype translation while guiding the generation of green ecological buildings.

Bridging the gap(s): The importance of private law theory in the EU context

This article advocates for applying private law theories originating in the common law to EU private law. It argues that those theories can enhance the coherence and workability of EU private law, which currently lacks a comprehensive doctrinal structure. They can also help EU private law overcome the prevailing but flawed functionalist approach that suggests that EU private law primarily serves as a policy tool to achieve specific goals.The article unfolds in three parts: first, it compares the development of civil and common law private law theory, highlighting why thick private law theory only developed in common law jurisdictions and arguing that the same reasons apply to EU private law. Second, it contends that common law theories can enrich the discourse on EU private law, emphasising the need to consider both EU and national private law norms together. Lastly, it proposes that the common law-derived New Private Law theory offers a promising approach to interpreting EU private law, reconciling interpersonal aspects with instrumental objectives. This integration could foster a common language for discussing EU private law, akin to Roman law’s historical role. The paper encourages scholarly debate and adaptation of these theories to local conditions, aiming to bridge the gap between private law theory in common and civil law jurisdictions.