Development Of Robot Technology Research Articles

Teleoperation of Soft Robots with Real‐Time Fingertip Haptic Feedback Using Small Batteries

AbstractSoft robots are promising candidates for robust grasping and manipulation of different types of objects; however, their development has been a scientific challenge because of the lack of compact, yet precise, controllable soft actuators. In this work, innovative haptic interactive systems based on sensor‐integrated actuators powered by small batteries are reported. A liquid‐metal strain sensor with a versatile form factor and robust sensing performance is incorporated into a fast‐switching high‐force ionic polymer actuator. The structure of the sensor‐integrated actuator is rationally designed through encapsulation technology to achieve the best sensitivity and actuation while maintaining compactness, allowing for accurate, real‐time estimation and tracking of the actuation process. In a closed loop between the user and sensor‐integrated actuator, the motion and manipulation dynamics of a soft gripper made of sensor‐integrated actuators can be controlled by hand motions during a task. By combining with a thimble‐type haptic feedback device, the states of the gripper can be transmitted back to the user in real‐time via the proprioception of the integrated sensor. The approach opens a prospective avenue for the development of future robotic technologies without requiring camera‐based sensors for versatile, wearable, and scalable haptic systems.

The role of robotics and automation in surgery: critical review of current and emerging technologies

This article focuses on “The role of robotics and automation in surgery a critical review of current and emerging technologies”. Aims: The aim of this study is to explore the role of robotics and automation in surgery as well as to accomplish a critical review of current and emerging technologies. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used. Secondary data was collected from published studies and official citations. Descriptive statistics were obtained and utilised. Results: The results showed that general surgery procedures have been progressively adopting robotic surgery, and cholecystectomy being the most frequent procedure done. While the proportion of open surgery has reduced from 42.4% in 2012 to 32.4% in 2018, the use of robotic surgery has significantly increased from 1.8% in January 2012 to 15.1% in June 2018. The FDA-approved and pending robotic platforms and systems that were examined highlighted the developments in robotic surgery technology. High precision, smaller incisions, improved visibility, decreased surgeon fatigue, and the capacity to easily conduct difficult procedures are among benefits of robotic surgery. Additionally, it may result in fewer hospital stays, less blood loss, and better treatment outcomes. Though, robotic surgery is not without its drawbacks. These drawbacks include higher costs, a learning curve for surgeons, limited availability in some settings, technical difficulties, diminished tactile feedback, longer operating times, dependence on technology, and more setup and maintenance time and effort. Scientific Novelty: An analysis of current and emerging technologies, including robotics and automation in surgery. Conclusion: While robotic surgery has many benefits in terms of accuracy, a minimally invasive procedure, and better patient outcomes, there are also drawbacks and difficulties that must be taken into account for a responsible and successful deployment in surgical practice. To guarantee the safe and moral application of robotics and automation technology in surgery, more investigation, instruction, and regulation are required.

Control and Design of Dancing Robot based on STM32

The emergence and development of robot technology not only fundamentally changed the traditional industrial production, but also had a profound impact on society. With the rapid development of social technology, the application field of robots is expanding. In this paper, the control core of the proposed dancing robot is STM32F103C8T6 single chip microcomputer, the upper arm is controlled by the steering gear, the feet are two flexible wheels, and the DC deceleration motor is used as the driving motor of the wheels, so that the wheels of the robot can realize free movement and complete the dancing action of the robot. The power needed for robot movement comes from 18650 lithium battery. In the process of robot movement, the LD3320 voice recognition module is used to control the robot's movement direction and state, the MPU6050 is used to control the robot's balance, and the JQ6500 music playback module is added to the robot to control the music playback through voice recognition. After the power of dancing robot is turned on, the dancing robot starts to adjust itself to make its posture in a balanced and upright state, and then waits for the user to issue a command. The dancing robot has simple human body function and can complete simple dance actions such as moving forward and backward, walking left and right, turning left and right, and has voice function, and can also play music. The operation password is simple in the process of application, which makes it convenient for the user to use. In addition, the dancing robot is small in size and can move freely with good practical effect, regardless of the user’s age.

Review of robotics competition. Special and rescue underground robotics

The development of robotics technologies requires an increase in the level of scientific and technical developments and the creation of a profile reserve, as well as the formation of a system for training highly qualified specialists. One of the ways to assess the achieved level of development and qualifications of engineering teams is to hold competitions at various levels. The article provides an overview of various events in competitive robotics. In the first part, the competition in the ground and underground environment is considered. The competitions are structured according to the format, type of the competition, the environment of functioning and the age of the participants. Conclusions are made about the prospects of various events of competitive robotics, as well as the relevance of some of them.

A review of core agricultural robot technologies for crop productions

It has become a common understanding that robotization could be one of effective solutions to address the increasing skilled labor shortage challenge in crop production, thus the research and development of agricultural robotic technologies has become a popular topic in recent years, with numerous innovative new technologies, methodologies and applications being published at various resources. This article intends to provide a systematic overview of the recent achievements on core agricultural robotic technologies for crop productions, mainly on three aspects of (1) mobile platforms and in-field navigation technologies; (2) actuation mechanisms and end-effector technologies; and (3) target detection and operation planning technologies. This article also briefly introduces a few recent reported successes in developing robotic solutions for various field operations, such as transplanting, weeding, harvesting, and pruning, as evidences of promising.

Pelatihan Robotika Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Keahlian Siswa SMK Daarut Tauhiid Bandung

The rapid scientific development of robotics technology must be in line with efforts to increase the creativity and skills of human resources. Responding to these challenges, it is necessary to implement a robotics technology-based learning curriculum as early as possible starting from the school. However, there are some problems such as curriculum with robotics technology which is still rarely found in Indonesian schools. The purpose of this service is to improve the skills of students of SMK Daarut Tauhid through Robotics training. This method of devotion uses the method of lectures, hands-on practice, and interactive discussions. The number of participants in this training was 20 (twenty) students with activity evaluation instruments using g-form surveys and was analyzed descriptively. The results of this service show that student participants tend to better understand the scientific concepts of robotics technology when faced with real hardware compared to simulations using software. With this training, it’s hoped that knowledge and skills in robotics technology and science among students will increase.

Design and Implementation of Painting and Replacement Automation Robot System in Spindle Line for Smart Manufacturing

In the process of painting the surface of injection products, the spray trajectory and speed are very important and have a very important effect on productivity and quality. However, since it is very difficult to standardize and quantify each product, it was difficult to apply automation to the painting process, so there were many cases where people directly operated it. Recently, with the development of robot technology, many manufacturing processes performed by humans are being replaced. To automate painting in the spindle line of the painting process, we design Painting and Replacement Automation Robot System in Spindle Line. By implementing it in an actual production line, we have greatly improved productivity and reduced paint replacement time.

Robotic Technology in Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.

Recent developments in robotic technologies in the field of orthopaedic surgery have largely been focused on higher volume arthroplasty procedures, with a paucity of attention paid to robotic potential for foot and ankle surgery. The aim of this paper is to summarize past and present developments foot and ankle robotics and describe outcomes associated with these interventions, with specific emphasis on the following topics: translational and preclinical utilization of robotics, deep learning and artificial intelligence modeling in foot and ankle, current applications for robotics in foot and ankle surgery, and therapeutic and orthotic-related utilizations of robotics related to the foot and ankle. Herein, we describe numerous recent robotic advancements across foot and ankle surgery, geared towards optimizing intra-operative performance, improving detection of foot and ankle pathology, understanding ankle kinematics, and rehabilitating post-surgically. Future research should work to incorporate robotics specifically into surgical procedures as other specialties within orthopaedics have done, and to further individualize machinery to patients, with the ultimate goal to improve perioperative and post-operative outcomes.

The Path Planning and Location Method of Inspection Robot in a Large Storage Tank Bottom.

With the development of robot technology, inspection robots have been applied to the defect detection of large tanks. However, the existing path planning algorithm of the tank bottom detection robot is easy to fall into the local minimum, and the path is not smooth. Besides, the positioning of the tank bottom detection robot is not accurate. This article proposes a path planning and location algorithm for the large tank bottom detection robot. Specifically, we design a preset spiral path according to the shape of the tank bottom, and a rotating potential field (RPF) near the obstacle is added to avoid the problem of path planning falling into a local minimum. We obtained accurate and smooth planning results. Compared with the state-of-the-art, the RPF method reduced the average RMSE by 9.49%. In addition, by measuring the acoustic emission distance, the three-point positioning algorithm can be used to achieve the calculation of the robot position detection in the proposed method, and the average positioning error on the spiral path is only 0.0748 ± 0.0032.

Object Recognition for Humanoid Robots Using Full Hand Tactile Sensor

With the development of human-like robotic technologies, robots have been advanced to sense and recognize objects, which is one branch of artificial intelligence to mimic human reactions. Although high-performance computer technologies are used, the ability of object recognition by touch is still low due to the lack of proper sensors. Therefore, this research studied the object learning and recognition system through robot touches by developing an artificial sensory system acting as an electronic skin with tactile sensors. The Tactile Sensor is developed in this research, consisting of 15 Tactile Sensor Arrays and the palm’s touchpoints. Furthermore, recognition analysis was developed on Bag of Word (BoW) and Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithms. With the BoW technique, using Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a classifier with Moment Analysis Descriptor (MA) provided the highest accuracy, showing more than 80.15% accuracy from five grasping of an object. With the CNN approach, InceptionNetV3 provided the highest accuracy of 98.28% from only one capture of an object.

МЕТОДИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ РОБОТИЗАЦІЇ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

The article proves that in the conditions of digitization, the development and implementation of certain robotic technologies, the robotics of business processes are promising directions of innovative development of railway transport enterprises of Ukraine. It was established that robotics mainly covers only some processes of management of operational activities, while the degree of wear and tear of rolling stock and specialized track equipment is critical, and this does not allow railway transport enterprises to maintain leading positions in the market of transport and logistics services. Considering the size of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" activity, it must be noted that the development, and most importantly, the implementation of such programs are possible only if there are large investors capable of ensuring a colossal shift in the industry. However, even for them, the issue of the payback period and the possibility of achieving the established strategic, technical-technological, social and environmental development benchmarks remains important, because the investments are colossal. That is why today it is necessary to develop a methodical approach that would take into account the above-mentioned key problems regarding the provision of innovative development of railway transport enterprises in the conditions of the formation of the digital economy. The analysis of existing approaches to the technical rearmament and robotization of enterprises led to the conclusion that the most optimal for use is a comprehensive approach that takes into account the nature of business processes, their systemic interdisciplinary relationship, process risks, economic aspects of the introduction of robots based on the assessment of the life cycle cost. The proposed improved methodological support for the process of robotization of railway transport enterprises, based on the calculation of five components (strategic, economic, technical and technological, ecological, social) and a complex indicator, will contribute to the innovative development of railway transport enterprises in accordance with the mega trends of the development of the world economy and ensure their efficiency and competitiveness.

A review of methodologies for path planning and optimization of mobile robots

This research paper provides a comprehensive review of methodologies for path planning and optimization of mobile robots. With the rapid development of robotics technology, path planning and optimization have become fundamental areas of research for achieving efficient and safe autonomous robot navigation. In this paper, we review the classic and state-of-the-art techniques of path planning and optimization, including artificial potential fields, A* algorithm, Dijkstra's algorithm, genetic algorithm, swarm intelligence, and machine learning-based methods. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and discuss their application scenarios. Moreover, we identify the challenges and open problems in this field, such as dealing with dynamic environments and real-time constraints. This paper serves as a comprehensive reference for researchers and practitioners in the robotics community, providing insights into the latest trends and developments in path planning and optimization for mobile robots.

Research advance in phenotype detection robots for agriculture and forestry

The continuous development of robot technology has made phenotype detection robots a key for extracting and analyzing phenotyping data in agriculture and forestry. The different applications of agricultural robots and phenotype detection robots were discussed in this article. Further, the structural characteristics and information interaction modes of the current phenotype detection robots were summarized from the viewpoint of agriculture and forestry. The publications with keywords related to clustering distribution were analyzed and the currently available phenotype robots were classified. Additionally, a conclusion on the design criteria and evaluation system of plant phenotype detection robots was summarized and obtained, and the challenges and future development direction were proposed, which can provide a reference for the design and applications of agriculture and forestry robots. Keywords: computer vision, plant phenotype detection robot, phenotyping analysis, sensor, evaluation system, device clustering DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231601.7945 Citation: Wang Y Q, Fan J C, Yu S, Cai S Z, Guo X Y, Zhao C J. Research advance in phenotype detection robots for agriculture and forestry. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(1): 14–25.

BERSAUDARA Robot (Room And Air Cleaner) As a Preven-tion of the Spread of Viruses in Work Areas in Buildings and Isolation Rooms

BERSAUDARA Robot innovation emerged based on health protocols in the new normal era and workers' anxiety about the spread of viruses in buildings. This robot is designed by utilizing the development of robotics technology, Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV), vacuum floor cleaner, and air purifier equipped with UV Sterilizer and HEPA Filter. BERSAUDARA Robot innovation is expected to fulfill the protocol for preventing the spread of the Covid-19 virus, especially work areas in buildings or isolation rooms, by cleaning floors and air regularly so as to minimize human contact and support the continuity of the activities of workers during the "New Normal".

SEMG Signals Identification Using DT And LR Classifier by Wavelet-Based Features

In the recent era of technology, biomedical signals have been attracted lots of attention regarding the development of rehabilitation robotic technology. The surface electromyography (SEMG) signals are the fabulous signals utilized in the field of robotics. In this context, SEMG signals have been acquired by twenty-five right-hand dominated healthy human subjects to discriminate the various hand gestures. The placement of SEMG electrodes has been done according to the predefined acupressure point of required hand movements. After the SEMG signal acquisition, pre-processing and noise rejection have been performed. The de-noising and four levels of SEMG signal decomposition have been accomplished by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In this article, the third and fourth-level detail coefficients have been utilized for time-scale feature extractions. The performance of ten time-scale features has been evaluated and compared to each other with the three-fold cross-validation technique by using a Decision Tree (DT) and Linear Regression (LR) classifier. The results demonstrated that the DT classifier classification accuracy was found superior to the LR classifier. By using the DT classifier technique 96.3% accuracy has been achieved, with all combined features as a feature vector.

Research progress on mechanical perturbation in stroke rehabilitation

Sensorimotor disorder can be easily caused by stroke, and there are many targeted movement rehabilitation therapies. With the development of rehabilitation robot technology, robot-assisted therapy combined with mechanical perturbations has become a more effective motor rehabilitation therapy. In this paper, the definition of mechanical perturbation and its physiological mechanism in stroke rehabilitation are introduced, the research progress on mechanical perturbation in the field of stroke rehabilitation therapy is mainly discussed, the application of mechanical perturbation in motor control, postural response and sensory evaluation of stroke rehabilitation is summarized, and the future development direction of mechanical perturbation rehabilitation therapy is also prospected.

Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights: a Scientific Review of Impacts and Interactions

Undoubtedly, in the conditions of active use of Artificial Intelligence (hereinafter – AI) in many areas of human life, the topic of this scientific research is extremely relevant. Despite the rapid development of robotic technology and its impact on the improvement of human life, it is extremely important to consider the threats and problems of using AI without proper human control. That is why it is necessary to improve international and national legislation for the safe use of AI for the benefit of humanity, and not against human rights.An important aspect of solving the issue of legal regulation of AI is the study of the legal nature and possible legal personality of AI from the point of view of it impact on humans and human rights. This article, in particular, exami-nes the possible impact of the legal personality of AI on human rights, as well as the feasibility of granting AI the status of a subject. In addition, scientific sources on the liability of AI for damage caused by its use were analyzed.Advantages and threats in the case of human use of AI are separately highlighted. The need to legally fix the obligations of AI producers to create it in such a way that it ensures justice in society, supports human activities and basicrights, and does not reduce, limit or mislead human autonomy is justified. Thelevel of autonomy of AI should be carefully controlled by a person, since thesetechnical means should be used to strengthen positive social changes and help a person, and not become a competitor or a fully equal subject of social relations.

Review of robotics competition. Games sport robotics

The development of robotics technologies requires an increase in the level of scientific and technical developments and the creation of a profile reserve, as well as the formation of a system for training highly qualified specialists. One of the ways to assess the achieved level of development and qualifications of engineering teams is to hold competitions at various levels. The article provides an overview of various events in competitive robotics. In the first part, the competition in the ground and underground environment is considered. The competitions are structured according to the format, type of the competition, the environment of functioning and the age of the participants. Conclusions are made about the prospects of various events of competitive robotics, as well as the relevance of some of them.

Activity recognition from trunk muscle activations for wearable and non-wearable robot conditions

PurposeRecognizing construction workers' activities is critical for on-site performance and safety management. Thus, this study presents the potential of automatically recognizing construction workers' actions from activations of the erector spinae muscles.Design/methodology/approachA lab study was conducted wherein the participants (n = 10) performed rebar task, which involved placing and tying subtasks, with and without a wearable robot (exoskeleton). Trunk muscle activations for both conditions were trained with nine well-established supervised machine learning algorithms. Hold-out validation was carried out, and the performance of the models was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score.FindingsResults indicate that classification models performed well for both experimental conditions with support vector machine, achieving the highest accuracy of 83.8% for the “exoskeleton” condition and 74.1% for the “without exoskeleton” condition.Research limitations/implicationsThe study paves the way for the development of smart wearable robotic technology which can augment itself based on the tasks performed by the construction workers.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on construction workers' action recognition using trunk muscle activity. Most of the human actions are largely performed with hands, and the advancements in ergonomic research have provided evidence for relationship between trunk muscles and the movements of hands. This relationship has not been explored for action recognition of construction workers, which is a gap in literature that this study attempts to address.

Interactive 3D Force/Torque Parameter Acquisition and Correlation Identification during Primary Trocar Insertion in Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery: 5 Cases.

Laparoscopic procedures have become indispensable in gastrointestinal surgery. As a minimally invasive process, it begins with primary trocar insertion. However, this step poses the threat of injuries to the gastrointestinal tract and blood vessels. As such, the comprehension of the insertion process is crucial to the development of robotic-assisted/automated surgeries. To sustain robotic development, this research aims to study the interactive force/torque (F/T) behavior between the trocar and the abdomen during the trocar insertion process. For force/torque (F/T) data acquisition, a trocar interfaced with a six-axis F/T sensor was used by surgeons for the insertion. The study was conducted during five abdominal hernia surgical cases in the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. The real-time F/T data were further processed and analyzed. The fluctuation in the force/torque (F/T) parameter was significant, with peak force ranging from 16.83 N to 61.86 N and peak torque ranging from 0.552 Nm to 1.76 Nm. The force parameter was observed to positively correlate with procedural time, while torque was found to be negatively correlated. Although during the process a surgeon applied force and torque in multiple axes, for a robotic system, the push and turn motion in a single axis was observed to be sufficient. For minimal tissue damage in less procedural time, a system with low push force and high torque was observed to be advantageous. These understandings will eventually benefit the development of computer-assisted or robotics technology to improve the outcome of the primary trocar insertion procedure.