The role of robotics and automation in surgery: critical review of current and emerging technologies

Abstract

This article focuses on “The role of robotics and automation in surgery a critical review of current and emerging technologies”. Aims: The aim of this study is to explore the role of robotics and automation in surgery as well as to accomplish a critical review of current and emerging technologies. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used. Secondary data was collected from published studies and official citations. Descriptive statistics were obtained and utilised. Results: The results showed that general surgery procedures have been progressively adopting robotic surgery, and cholecystectomy being the most frequent procedure done. While the proportion of open surgery has reduced from 42.4% in 2012 to 32.4% in 2018, the use of robotic surgery has significantly increased from 1.8% in January 2012 to 15.1% in June 2018. The FDA-approved and pending robotic platforms and systems that were examined highlighted the developments in robotic surgery technology. High precision, smaller incisions, improved visibility, decreased surgeon fatigue, and the capacity to easily conduct difficult procedures are among benefits of robotic surgery. Additionally, it may result in fewer hospital stays, less blood loss, and better treatment outcomes. Though, robotic surgery is not without its drawbacks. These drawbacks include higher costs, a learning curve for surgeons, limited availability in some settings, technical difficulties, diminished tactile feedback, longer operating times, dependence on technology, and more setup and maintenance time and effort. Scientific Novelty: An analysis of current and emerging technologies, including robotics and automation in surgery. Conclusion: While robotic surgery has many benefits in terms of accuracy, a minimally invasive procedure, and better patient outcomes, there are also drawbacks and difficulties that must be taken into account for a responsible and successful deployment in surgical practice. To guarantee the safe and moral application of robotics and automation technology in surgery, more investigation, instruction, and regulation are required.