Development Of Industrial Processes Research Articles

Experimental study on the continuous production of velvet bean-based bioactive peptides in a membrane reactor and bioactivity mapping

This study investigates the continuous production of bioactive peptides from fermented velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) using a cost-effective enzymatic membrane reactor. The optimal operating conditions for continuous hydrolysis were residence time of 9 h, enzyme-to-substrate ratio of 10%, and the use of a 5-kDa PES membrane for separation. The resulting permeate exhibited notable antioxidant activity with DPPH and FRAP assay values of 0.28 and 0.12 mg AEAC/mL, respectively, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition of 83.28%. Further fractionation of the permeate with a 2-kDa membrane led to increased antioxidant activity and ACE inhibition, with resulting half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.6 and 0.6 μg protein/mL, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify peptide sequences from the <2-kDa fraction, which were matched with the BIOPEP-UWM™ database. The results revealed that the fermented velvet bean peptides were predominantly dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors and ACE inhibitors. Industrial relevanceThe combination of a stirred tank reactor and membrane separation has the potential to enable the continuous production of bioactive peptides from velvet bean through the use of a freely suspended enzyme system. This reactor design offers an alternative solution to the existing delay in commercializing bioactive peptides, by (i) simplifying the industrial process development for continuous bioactive peptide production, (ii) eliminating the need for enzyme immobilization, and (iii) eliminating batch-to-batch variability in product quality and unproductive time associated with batch-wise production.

BIM model to support O&amp;M tasks

Technological evolution and BIM have changed the design development process in the construction industry. The operation and maintenance (O&amp;M) phase requires building information throughout its service life, which was previously paper based, making it difficult to carry out maintenance activities. BIM assists in the management, storage, and digital sharing of information generated. However, only part of the information generated is required for the maintenance phase of the building. Although a subset of the IFC schema already exists to describe the data exchange between the BIM model and maintenance software, the data are generic and not well defined according to each the element source of maintenance (ESM). Therefore, through a literature review of existing studies on the use of BIM to support O&amp;M processes, this paper aims to design an information flow to integrate maintenance information into the BIM model. The information is based on six main maintenance acts (inspection, cleaning, proactive measure, correction, replacement, and terms of use) and organized in an external sheet. The building will be divided into ESM according to its function in the building to facilitate the maintenance information flow between sheets and the BIM model.

Lutein Production by Halophilic Microalgae Using Anaerobic Digestate as the Substrate and Its Potential Application as a Biopesticide.

Production of value-added products from waste anaerobic digestate is economically and environmentally important for sustainable development of industrial process and products. In this study halophilic microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris 92001, Chlorella vulgaris 50291, Chlorella vulgaris 10241 and Tetraselmis indica, were initially screened for lutein production using synthetic dairy digestate (DD), municipal digestate (MD) and poultry digestate (PD) as no-cost substrates. Screening and optimization of parameters, such as dilution, pH, MgCl2, NaCl, NaHCO3 and inoculum concentration for maximum lutein production were further performed employing statistically designed Plackett-Burman and response surface methodology. Cultivation of C. vulgaris 92001 in a split column photobioreactor under optimum culture condition showed increase in lutein production by 2.36-fold in batch mode. The influence of different hydraulic retention time (HRT) values of 150, 130, 100 and 90h on lutein production was evaluated in continuous mode with the split column photobioreactor. Lutein produced using the synthetic poultry digestate showed good potential biopesticide activity against Spodoptera litura (fall armyworm). Overall, this study demonstrated bioprocess development to produce lutein using synthetic anaerobic digestate from marine algae and its potential application as a biopesticide.

Knowledge Transfer in Software Development Teams—Systematic Mapping

The acquisition of new knowledge, by means of teaching programming languages, tools, methodologies, and development processes, is a need in the software industry to retain the experience of the programmer within the organization. This work aims analysing existing research on techniques, tools, approaches and experiences applied to the transmission and acquisition of new knowledge. Additionally, to analyse the learning process within an organizational environment, and how a company captures, maintains and transmits the knowledge. We conducted a survey to identify the software practitioner needs regarding experience and knowledge transfer. Once we could realize there is a challenge to manage the knowledge, a systematic mapping of the literature is carried out. We have considered works published between 2007 and 2019. 51 articles were selected, 71% are studies in industry, 29% are focused on university education. Our findings reveal the great challenge involved in studying the acquisition and exchange of new knowledge. Additionally, we were supported with an initial survey to validate results. Much of the literature focuses on analysing academic processes, more research is needed on the process of learning new knowledge with respect to programming languages, tools, methodologies, cycles and development processes in the software industry.

Scaled-Up Preparation of an Intermediate of Upatinib, ACT051-3

Upatinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor drug, was developed by a biotech company to treat immune diseases. The compound tert-butyl (5-toluenesulfonyl-5h-pyrrole [2,3-b] pyrazine-2-yl) carbamate (ACT051-3) is an important intermediate of Upatinib. To date, the steady industrial production of this intermediate compound (ACT051-3) has not been reported. In this study, we described the specific synthesis method and process of the compound ACT051-3 in terms of laboratory synthesis, pilot scale-up, and industrial production. During the exploration of the process route for ACT051-3, many appropriate adjustments and improvements were made to the reaction conditions, finally leading to the successful development of the optimal industrial production process for ACT051-3. The reaction time was nearly doubled by changing the state of the potassium carbonate involved in the reaction, which greatly improved the reaction efficiency. Additionally, by introducing N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) to the reaction, the amount of the expensive catalyst Pd(OAc)2 was reduced 2.5-fold, significantly lowering production costs, confirming the feasibility of this process route and the industrial production of ACT051-3, and satisfying market demand for this important intermediate.

Development of a computational thermodynamics EERZ model for the improvement of hot rolled light steel profiles steel refining

Light steel profiles are steels with medium C, Mn and Si contents. In these steels internal cleanness is important for mechanical properties and surface quality, both during hot rolling and during the coating of the final product. Production costs of these steels are defined by the total heat time, from charging the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) to starting continuous casting. Ladle furnace (LF) processing has a large influence on heat time and costs related to deoxidation, meeting composition requirements with a high yield of oxidizing alloying additions and proper rinsing to promote homogenization and cleanness. Thermodynamics and kinetics control how slag and steel oxidation levels evolve, as well as the evolution of the non-metallic inclusion population since at this stage primary oxides are the main inclusions. A model based on solid thermodynamic and kinetics fundamentals would be extremely useful for the producer of these steels, so that the evolution of the heat in the ladle furnace could be properly understood and, afterward, improve. In this work, we present the development of an “Effective Equilibrium Reaction Zone” (EERZ) for the LF processing of these steels, using a well-established thermodynamic database for metal and slags and a module of commercial computational thermodynamic software. We aim at demonstrating that these easily accessible and useable tools can be very effective to help in industrial process development. Thus, based on three selected industrial heats we adjust the kinetic parameters to describe the processes occurring for tapping from the EAF to releasing the heat for continuous casting. Volumetric mass transfer coefficients, heat transfer coefficients and other less critical variables are adjusted based on these heats and the model is then tested in seven further heats of the same steel grade. Results indicate that it is possible to achieve a good fit of the model to the industrial process and this helps identifying critical process variables to optimize the process schedule of these steels. Furthermore, we identify possible current limitations of the modeling strategy as suggested in the preliminary steps for the development of a EERZ model that may be coupled for on-line use, the support LF operators.

Cumulative causation in regional industrial path development – A conceptual framework and case study in the videogame industry of Hamburg and Shanghai

While broad evidence has been generated on the forces leading to divergent regional industrial path development, we still do not fully understand how initial structural differences between regions are dynamically attenuated in industrial path development processes. In other words, the cumulative causation processes instigating such differences are not well explored. In this paper, a process model is developed, which conceptualizes industrial path development as an iterative build-up of innovation system resources, which is conditioned by firm- and system-level agency. We argue that the specific configuration of system resource stocks, as well as firm- and system-level agency jointly condition the further evolution of a path each time a regional industry reaches a “critical moment”. Unpacking the cumulative system building process across development phases allows exploring how positive or negative cumulative causation patterns emerge in the path development process and how early interventions in the system building process may have knock-on effects at later stages.

A Review of Tangential Flow Filtration: Process Development and Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry

A Review of Tangential Flow Filtration: Process Development and Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Population of the Bratsk-Ust-Ilimsk Complex: The Making and Current Demographic Situation

The article deals with the historical and current problems of the population of the Bratsk-Ust-­Ilimsk territorial production complex, located in the Middle Angara region of the Irkutsk region. The main stages of the settlement of the territory associated with the economic development of the region are singled out. The author notes the special role of the state in attracting and resettling the population, providing financial, material and other assistance to migrants. The author focuses on the formation of the population of the Bratsk-Ust-­Ilim complex in the Soviet period, reveals the relationship between the processes of industrial development of the region and demographic processes. This is confirmed by the dynamics of the population, which is closely related to the main stages in the formation of the territorial production complex. The article examines the features of the natural and mechanical movement of the population, their share in the dynamics of the population, the impact of the industrial complex on the urban development of the region, which led to a sharp reduction in the rural population. The article analyzes the current demographic situation, characterized by a large migration outflow and natural population decline, which ultimately affected the progressive decline in the total population of the territorial production complex.

Security issues and challenges in cloud of things-based applications for industrial automation.

Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, industries have gained a thrust on contactless processing for computing technologies and industrial automation. Cloud of Things (CoT) is one of the emerging computing technologies for such applications. CoT combines the most emerging cloud computing and the Internet of Things. The development in industrial automation made them highly interdependent because the cloud computing works like a backbone in IoT technology. This supports the data storage, analytics, processing, commercial application development, deployment, and security compliances. Now amalgamation of cloud technologies with IoT is making utilities more useful, smart, service-oriented, and secure application for sustainable development of industrial processes. As the pandemic has increased access to computing utilities remotely, cyber-attacks have been increased exponentially. This paper reviews the CoT's contribution to industrial automation and the various security features provided by different tools and applications used for the circular economy. The in-depth analysis of security threats, availability of different features corresponding the security issues in traditional and non-traditional CoT platforms used in industrial automation have been analysed. The security issues and challenges faced by IIoT and AIoT in industrial automation have also been addressed.

China’s Biogas Industry’s Sustainable Transition to a Low-Carbon Plan—A Socio-Technical Perspective

China’s biogas industry has experienced ups and downs over the past two decades, with various challenges pointing to misplaced expectations that biogas technology is overly focused on energy production. With the promotion of China’s low-carbon strategy, a more rational and sustainable transformation strategy is crucial for the development of the biogas industry. To elucidate the sustainable development process of the biogas industry, this study applies the socio-technical transition theory and the strategic niche management (SNM) approach to understand the multi-regime interactions of biogas systems and their possible future paths. At present, the Chinese biogas industry needs to abandon the expectation of energy recovery and establish the expectation of multi-functional combination, especially including nutrient cycling. This study proposes a sustainable transformation path for the biogas industry and predicts three phases based on the type of socio-technological transformation path: a transformation path to 2030 to promote niche innovation and develop core technologies; a reconfiguration path from 2030 to 2050, which will require a lot of trials and errors; and the expansion of market share in 2050 through technology replacement. This study highlights the importance of niche experimentations and broad advocacy coalitions for the biogas industry. This research also illustrates how the transformation of China’s biogas industry can be achieved through incremental innovation with consistent policy support.

Improving Drying Characteristics and Physicochemical Quality of Angelica sinensis by Novel Tray Rotation Microwave Vacuum Drying.

In order to improve the shortcomings of uneven heating of traditional microwave drying and to maximally maintain food quality after harvest, a rotary microwave vacuum drying equipment was fabricated and used for drying experiments on Angelica sinensis to explore the effects of drying temperature, slice thickness, and vacuum degree on drying characteristics, physicochemical quality, and microstructure of dried Angelica sinensis products. The results showed that microwave vacuum drying can significantly shorten the drying time and improved the drying efficiency. Six different mathematical models were investigated and the Midilli model was the best-fitted model for all samples (R2 = 0.99903, Pearson's r = 0.99952), and drying methods had various effects on different indexes and were confirmed by Pearson's correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The optimal process parameters for microwave vacuum drying of Angelica sinensis were determined by entropy weight-coefficient of variation method as 45 °C, 4 mm, -0.70 kPa. Under this condition, well preserved of ferulic acid, senkyunolide I, senkyunolide H, ligustilide, total phenols and antioxidant activity, bright color (L* = 77.97 ± 1.89, ΔE = 6.77 ± 2.01), complete internal organizational structure and more regular cell arrangement were obtained in the samples. This study will provide a theoretical reference for the excavation of the potential value and the development of industrial processing of Angelica sinensis.

Carrier‐Free Enzyme Immobilizates for Flow Chemistry

AbstractFor the development of efficient and green industrial processes, the combination of biocatalysis and flow chemistry holds great promises. Flow chemical utilization of biocatalysts, essentially made possible by the immobilization (or retention) of enzymes in flow reactors, has attracted increased academic attention during recent years. In the present review we present an overview of immobilization strategies suitable for flow chemistry, particularly focusing on recently developed carrier‐free immobilization methods, highlighting advances in the field and presenting future trends.

Theoretical foundations for the formation of a common strategy for the development of the industry of the EAEU member states

The article defines the essence and content of the general industrial development strategy of the member states of the integration association as a form of coordination of their industrial policies, identifies the subjects and objects of the formation of a general industrial development strategy, and formulates its purpose. The prerequisites for the formation of a general industrial development strategy reflecting the objective processes taking place in the world economy are identified, on the basis of which stable dependencies (patterns) characterizing the need for the formation of a general industrial development strategy of the EAEU are determined. It is established that the factors of formation of the general strategy of industrial development of the EAEU member states include factors determining the form of interstate interaction on the coordination of mechanisms for the implementation of industrial policy, and factors determining the content (directions) of the industrial development process.

Production of branched glucan polymer by a novel thermostable branching enzyme of Bifidobacterium thermophilum via one-pot biosynthesis containing a dual enzyme system

Glycogen-like particles (GLPs) are applied in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. The large-scale production of GLPs is limited by their complicated multi-step enzymic processes. In this study, GLPs were produced in a one-pot dual-enzyme system using Bifidobacterium thermophilum branching enzyme (BtBE) and Neisseria polysaccharea amylosucrase (NpAS). BtBE showed excellent thermal stability (half-life of 1732.9 h at 50 °C). Substrate concentration was the most influential factor during GLPs production in this system: GLPs yield and [sucrose]ini decreased from 42.4 % to 17.4 % and 0.3 to 1.0 M, respectively. Molecular weight and apparent density of GLPs decreased significantly with increasing [sucrose]ini. Regardless of the [sucrose]ini, the DP 6 of branch chain length was predominantly occupied. GLP digestibility increased with increasing [sucrose]ini, indicating that the degree of GLP hydrolysis may be negatively related to its apparent density. This one-pot biosynthesis of GLPs using a dual-enzyme system could be useful for the development of industrial processes.

Research on the evaluation of urban network traffic vitality distribution in the new media era——Take the analysis of Beijing's old urban areas based on microblog check-in data using QGIS operations as an example

At present, it is an era of rapid development of information technology. "Network traffic" is of great significance. It can be divided into "discussion traffic of topic quantity" and "user traffic of user quantity". In a comprehensive view, traffic is social resources. The larger the traffic, the higher the attention and influence it can bring, the stronger the ability to drive the benefits of all parties and occupy more social resources. Traffic value evaluation has become an indispensable work in the industry development process in the new media era. Starting from the attraction ability of network topic traffic at each location and relying on the microblog check-in data，by using QGIS analysis, this study evaluates the traffic distribution of each plot in the old urban area of Beijing and the distribution of social resources in each plot, in order to put forward a feasible method to evaluate the influence of plot use and promote the fair and balanced distribution of social resources, so as to provide reference ideas for urban vitality evaluation, urban resource allocation guidance and urban design.

A weighted k-nearest neighbor process monitoring method based on statistical volume pattern analysis

Process monitoring technology has developed rapidly in response to the increasing demand for safer and more reliable systems in modern process operations. Online process monitoring plays an important role not only in ensuring process safety through the timely detection of process faults but also in improving process productivity and product quality. One of the outstanding features of modern manufacturing facilities, which are large in scale and highly complex, is that the processes contain numerous variables operating under closed-loop control. Fully exploiting and utilizing the valuable information in these variables will benefit early and accurate fault detection and diagnosis of processes, minimizing downtime, increasing plant operational safety, and reducing manufacturing costs. The development of process monitoring technology is of great importance to ensure the operational safety, reliability, and economy of complex industrial processes. With the continuous development of industrial processes, the collection and use of process data are gradually increasing, and data-driven multivariate statistical process monitoring methods have developed significantly. A weighted k-nearest neighbor process monitoring method based on SPA is proposed for the problem of multimodal properties of process statistics. When the covariance difference between different modes is large, the multimodal characteristics of the original variable space are retained in the statistic feature space. By introducing weights and assigning weights to the distances between statistic samples, the proposed method can regulate the distances between statistic samples in modes with larger covariance and those with smaller covariance to the same scale, overcoming the limitations of the SPA-based process monitoring method in multimodal fault detection.

Dynamic evaluation of new energy vehicle policy based on text mining of PMC knowledge framework

[Objective/Significance]The problems of policy structure and policy contents needs to be solved dynamically in the development process of new energy vehicle industry. Considering the limitation of traditional policy evaluation methods and the lack of knowledge support of policy text data mining, an optimized dynamic evaluation of new energy vehicle policy is deeply explored based on big data method of policy informatics and policy knowledge framework of PMC. The dynamic evolution process of new energy vehicle policy is deeply explored, policy deficiencies are analyzed, and optimization suggestions are proposed according to the realities of policy application scenarios. It has the theoretical significance of optimizing an evaluation method based on text data mining combined with policy knowledge, and perfecting the research in dynamic analysis, as well as the practical value of policy optimization for the high-quality development of new energy automobile industry. [Methodology/Process]Based on the PMC index model, two layers of dimensional framework is constructed for policy analysis, a new energy vehicle policy mining dictionary is established with the PMC knowledge framework by text mining and ontology semantic methods, to complete the machine assignment and dynamic evaluation of the PMC index model by text mining technology, the dynamic development process and existing problems of new energy vehicle policy is in-depth analyzed through the visualization results of PMC surface and concave index. [Results/conclusions]It is found that there are problems such as insufficient internal policy consistency, decreasing policy equilibrium, and expanding concave index of policy weaknesses. Finally, policy recommendations are proposed in terms of inter-governmental cooperation, policy multi-objective synergy, multi-functional policy optimization, policy instrument structure balance and policy details perfect.

Application of online and offline blended teaching mode in higher vocational English teaching

With the rapid development of the economy and society, the development process of the education industry is also continuing to accelerate. The teaching mode has also changed a lot compared to the past. Nowadays, the hybrid teaching strategy of online and offline has gradually received widespread attention, and has further connotation in the context of the development of the new era. Because the online and offline hybrid teaching mode can fully reflect the autonomy of students, and fully integrate the past classroom teaching and online teaching platform, it can effectively solve the situation that English teaching in vocational colleges and universities is relatively long and inefficient, and can also provide new information reference for the improvement of future teaching mode. Based on this, this paper mainly studies the practical application of online and offline hybrid teaching mode in the process of high school English teaching, hoping to promote the smooth progress of higher vocational English teaching activities.

Sorption of petroleum hydrocarbons before transmembrane transport and the structure, mechanisms and functional regulation of microbial membrane transport systems

With the rapid development of the global industrialization process, as an important energy and strategic resource, petroleum is widely used in various fields. Meanwhile, the leakage of petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) has caused continuous environmental risks. Microbial degradation is an effective and reliable treatment for PH. Although significant progress has been made in the pathways and efficiency of microbial degradation of PH, there is still a lack of understanding of the membrane transport systems involved in the degradation. In this review, the sorption, transmembrane transport processes and their affecting factors of microorganisms in the degradation of PH are summarized, with emphasis on the significant progress in their structures, mechanisms of transmembrane transport, proteins in various membrane transport systems, and functional regulation of membrane transport systems in recent years, including the FadL family, the OmpW family, TonB-dependent transporters (TBDTs), ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type transporters and major facilitator superfamily (MFS). The possible transmembrane processes involved in the complete degradation of PH by Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi are proposed. Meanwhile, the gaps in current research on the endocytosis mechanism of filamentous fungi, recognition, functional analysis, structure and transport mechanism of transmembrane proteins, and information acquisition technology of dynamic process are pointed out. • Pre-transmembrane sorption and transmembrane processes of PH. • Structure, mechanism and functional regulation of PH membrane transport systems. • Fungi uptake PH by endocytosis in addition to passive/active transport. • PH are initially degraded between the IM and OM of Gram-negative bacteria. • FadL and OmpW family, TBDTs, ABC and MFS mediate PH transmembrane process.