Development Of IT Technology Research Articles

THE ROLE AND FUNCTIONS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED LENDING IN THE FORMATION OF THE SOCIAL-DIGITAL ECONOMY

Abstract. The purpose of the article is to determine the role and functions of small and medium-sized lending in the social-digital economy, to reveal the possibilities of modern lending in this economy, to outline new directions for optimizing credit relations in the context of world experience. The following research methods are used in the scientific article: induction, deduction, synthesis, comparison, graphic, modeling. The scientific bases of the role of small and medium crediting in the social and digital economy are considered. The main types of lending offered to enterprises on the market in the direction of using digital economy technologies are identified. An analysis of the role of lending for the development of IT technologies and the digital economy as a whole. Proposals and ways to increase technological innovations that can be used in production processes, increase productivity and competitiveness are proposed. The volumes of small and medium credits of IT business for the development of new production technologies and activities in general are analyzed. The influence of digital economy development and attraction of innovations in the activity of enterprises on the general level of the country’s GDP is determined. The foreign experience of attracting potential entrepreneurs in the field of IT technologies, their credit and tax benefits and privileges are studied. The Government of Ukraine is increasingly working to support digitization programs, startups, which provide for the attraction of innovations in the field of information technology, in addition, work is planned to attract loans for the development of enterprises with minimum rates. It is worth emphasizing the need to develop the digital economy in Ukraine, which will stimulate GDP growth in general and increase the level of competitiveness of domestic enterprises in the world market. In recent years, companies are transforming their own business models and building areas of work in such a way as to attract new information technology and automation. This saves time to perform a certain production process or provide a service, increases the level of productivity and the number of fi nished products, in addition, in most cases, the moment of “human error” is canceled. Keywords: lending, credit activity, financing, digitization, globalization, innovation, transformation.

Digitalization strategy in sports and active types of tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan

The purpose of the article is to consider the issue of digitalization strategy in the sphere of sports and active tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In developing countries there is a low efficiency of management of the industry of sport and physical culture. This industry has a low level of communication with the population and weak promotion of a sports lifestyle. In these republics the level of development of IT-technology and communications are poorly used the possibilities of digitalization and social networks for the active promotion of mass sports, active types of tourism and the formation of a sports lifestyle among young people and the population of the country. At the same time, communication, if it is mass, but impersonal, not personalized. In many developing countries there is a shortage of modern and diverse methodological materials, modern training programs and accumulated international experience, and as a consequence there is a shortage of highly qualified coaches and methodologists. According to the authors, the solution to the existing problem lies in the development of digitalization of sports, physical culture and sports and health tourism, as artificial intelligence allows technology to bring real benefits in all sectors of the economy, improves the quality of life of the population, and creates conditions for the transition of the economy to a fundamentally new trajectory. With the help of digital technology it is possible to popularize sports, because this is the age of information space, and therefore the digital PR, meeting the demands of the modern advanced and progressive generation. By covering sporting events, conducting online training sessions and consulting professional coaches through the World Wide Web, it is possible to promote sports and physical culture for the benefit of the Kazakhstani nation in the most effective way.

INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF OPTIMUM CONTROL OF WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING NETWORK OPERATION AT RANDOM FAILURES

The article is devoted to the development of a unique intelligent system that solves the problem of managing failures of water supply equipment in an engineering network. The developed intelligent system minimizes the costs of maintaining water supply equipment and most closely matches the conditions for the operation of an engineering network, taking into account modern features of economic fluctuations in the financial market for water supply equipment and the rapid development of IT technologies.

Deep Learning and KSTAR Superconducting Magnet

Deep learning is a kind of machine learning method that trains artificial neural networks imitating human brain biological models using huge data. It enables a computer to do intelligent tasks such as voice recognition, image recognition instead of humans. Currently, deep learning is attracting a lot of attention as it solves the limitations of artificial neural networks, accelerates computation through hardware development, and generates a large amount of high-quality data that can be learned due to the development of IT technology. In this article, We will look into how artificial intelligence and machine learning, which is the basis of deep learning, have developed and, accordingly, how deep learning has developed to the present day. And we will briefly introduce representative deep learning methods using widely.

ANALYSIS OF MODERN METHODS FOR TECHNICAL SURVEY OF BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

The article analyzes modern methods for monitoring the technical operation of buildings and structures. Technical inspection of buildings and structures is a separate type of construction activity. The necessity for a technical survey is caused by the physical and moral deterioration of building structures and changes of terms of use, as well as the absence in building codes of an explicit account of the time factor. Ensuring the operability of structures at a specific moment of existence requires a set of measures that differ from the design, manufacture and installation of building elements associated with the creation of normal conditions for the life of enterprises in industrial buildings and structures and, above all, the safety of the operation process. 
 Specialists in the technical operation of buildings and structures have new tools for more accurate determination of defects and supervision of buildings and structures. The emergence and development of IT technologies, in particular, the use of mathematical, computer modeling techniques have demonstrated unprecedented opportunities for a comprehensive approach to testing the performance of buildings. Most modern methods of technical inspection of buildings do not require significant financial and labor costs; they can be directly implemented both during the planning of the facility and during its operation without reducing the bearing capacity of structures, unlike classical methods (visual, visual-instrumental, etc.). Their goal is to control the technical condition of building structures and early diagnosis of threats to the existence of the object. The integrated use of these methods at different stages of the life cycle of buildings will increase their service life and the comfort and safety of staying in them.

Features of quality management of electronic services in Ukraine in the conditions of digitalization

Purpose – to investigate the features of quality management of electronic services in Ukraine in the context of digitalization intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Research methodology – analysis of statistical data published in traditional media, analysis of annual monitoring studies of private commercial companies, the study of the regulatory framework, published in free access to the Internet research on the problem of managing the quality of electronic services, as well as the author's sociological research, which allows assessing the level of e-services in Ukraine. Findings – there were highlighted the main criteria for business development in a fundamentally new digital environment of communication and social interaction, due to the intensive development of IT technologies, which implies the introduction of innovative methods of working with consumers in virtual environments based on messenger platforms. The conducted sociological research made it possible to highlight the reasons for the decline in the quality of service provision due to weak cyber protection, imperfection of the regulatory framework in the context of determining quality criteria, the legal unresolved issue of responsibility for disclosing personal data of consumers, a low level of digital culture of citizens, a fairly large volume of false content, dissatisfaction with the speed of the mobile Internet. Research limitations – the lack of systematization of the types of electronic services, the imperfection of the methodology for organizing the system for managing the procedure for the provision of services, the lack of regulatory certainty, which makes it possible to establish responsibility for quality and confidentiality. An interdisciplinary approach has led to the development of key determinants for evaluating e-service delivery. Highlighted business problems when working on Internet platforms, the elimination of which will improve the quality of electronic services. The economic, social, legal, and technical prerequisites for reducing the quality of e-services have been established, as well as a comparative analysis of the technical capabilities of mobile providers providing coverage and penetration of the Internet in the country.

Fine-Grained I/O Traffic Control Middleware for I/O Fairness in Virtualized System

The development of IT technology in the 21st century has created a new paradigm for real-time, data-intensive user services, such as connected cars, smart factories, and remote health care services. The considerable computational resources required by these services are rendering the cloud increasingly more important. In the cloud server, user services are forced to share physical resources because of the emerging resource competition, thus introducing various types of unpredictable workloads. The core technology of the cloud is a virtualized system, which isolates and shares the powerful physical resources of the server in the form of a virtual machine (VM) to increase resource efficiency. However, the scheduling policy of a virtual CPU (vCPU), which is a logical CPU of a VM, generally schedules the vCPU based on the degree of occupation of the physical CPU (pCPU) without regarding I/O strength; so it brings the unfair I/O performance among VMs in the virtualized systems. The user services performing on the VM are not aware of the user-contention architectures, which sharing of I/O devices, in the virtualized systems; Furthermore, the current virtualized system simply adopts the Linux-based I/O processing process which optimized for user-contention-free architectures. Therefore, the architecture that brings the unfair usage of I/O devices among user services is hardly regarded and has low awareness in current virtualized systems. To overcome this problem, in this study, I-Balancer is presented to provide fair I/O performance among I/O-intensive user services by applying an asynchronous inter-communication control technique for the virtualized system with a high VM density. The main design goal of I-Balancer is to increase the awareness of user-contention architectures in the hypervisor. I-Balancer derives the fine-grained workload and I/O strength for each vCPU during the scheduler and event channel areas. Subsequently, to strengthen fair I/O performance, an I/O traffic control mechanism is implemented to control the inter-domain communication traffic according to the I/O strength of the VMs. The experimental results prove that I-Balancer provides a fairer network and disk I/O performance than the existing virtualized systems with negligible performance interference and overhead.

СHESS DEVELOPMENT MANAGEMENT

Objective. The objective of the present article is to study the definition of chess as a special kind of sport, research on the development of chess sport in Ukraine and the world, analysis of the management organization of chess sport in Ukraine, evaluation of the management quality of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional Chess Federation for the development of chess sport. Methods. In the course of the research a set of scientific methods was used: methods of scientific generalization, comparison, method of expert evaluations; graphic and tabular techniques. used information and analytical products. Results. Theoretical aspects of the essence of the concept of sports management, the specifics of chess as a sport, it is argued that chess is a specific type, which is carried out in the form of intellectual martial arts and belongs to the fifth group of sports: abstract games. The system of chess training should consist of physical, technical, tactical, psychological, informational, and intellectual training. The development of chess is closely linked to the development of IT technologies, which makes learning chess more convenient and more effective. A personal computer with installed chess information retrieval systems, programs, electronic databases and Internet resources has the functions of an artificial assistant coach. After studying the essence of the concept of sports management, it was found that it is both a field of human knowledge, and the field of management decision-making, and the category of people united in an economically competitive system for managing a sports organization. Sports management in the context of globalization is aimed at team sports work, requires athletes to coordinate actions and cooperation and is implemented depending on the differential problems of sport.

Development of an AR Navigation System “Smart Information & Mobility Town (SiMT)” in Commercial Facilities

In recent years, with the development of IT technology, various information services in cities have become convenient and easily obtainable for everyone. However, information support provisions for users in cities using these IT technologies are still not sufficient. Many of these technologies are aimed at the public, and not all have been optimised for persons with disabilities, such as wheelchair users, the elderly, pregnant women, those with strollers, and so on. There is also insufficient support to provide information needed to move around in public transportation facilities such as stations, airports, and extensive commercial facilities, which have become increasingly common in recent years in Japan. Therefore, in this study, we used AR technology to develop an application, “Smart Info. & Mobility Town” (SiMT), aimed at supporting movement in SAKURA MACHI Kumamoto, a commercial complex built in Kumamoto City, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan in 2019. The research method is as follows. 1; Summarised the outline of the target facility, SAKURA MACHI Kumamoto. 2; Used AR technology to develop an application, “Smart Info. & Mobility Town” (SiMT), aimed at supporting movement in the commercial complex. 3; Conducted demonstration experiments, proposed future developments and possibilities of SiMT, and summarised this study. SiMT, which was developed on a trial basis, uses a 3D map created from 3D scan data of SAKURA MACHI Kumamoto and utilises the camera function of a smartphone to synthesise CG images of routes from the current location to the destination to support users’ movements. We also developed this technology and conceived future technology development, such as support in the event of a disaster and support for the mobility of vulnerable road users.

Перспективи розвитку програмно-технічного комплексу систем ієрархічного управління

Introduction. Hierarchical control in complex multilevel systems has been studied since the period of classical cybernetics. At that time, basic definitions and concepts were introduced. It is time to start remembering those achievements because those decisions can already be implemented. However, the situation is constantly changing (evolving), so those tasks are perceived differently today. And the question arises as to how these old developments will progress, whether they will be used? Purpose. The purpose of this work is an attempt to predict the development of hierarchical multilevel control systems in the future and how it depends on the latest technologies that determine their software-hardware complex (SHC). Result. The analysis of the essence of the multilevel hierarchical management system, its features and additional requirements for the software-hardware complex, the current state of hierarchical management systems, the impact of advances in IT technologies and theories on the features of hierarchical management are carried out. The current state is studied on the example of NATO hierarchical systems. Based on the forecasts of the development trend of IT technologies, the forecast of trends in changes in hierarchical multilevel control systems is proposed. Conclusions. As a result of the analysis of the essence of hierarchical multi-level management systems, the current state, and forecast of the development of IT technologies, the authors made the following conclusions: – the hierarchical structure of a complex multi-level system will be in demand in the near future; – Hierarchical systems will consist of standard components with elements of artificial intelligence that controls the components; – the process of creating a hierarchical system will be simplified, so it will be possible to use ready-made solutions.

A decision support model for handling customer orders in business chain

One of the elements of the modern trade and services market is a business chain solution (chain store/retail chain). An example of a business chain is, e.g., a restaurant chain, where each restaurant in the chain has the same decor, organization, menu, and delivery method. Although such solutions have been known for decades, the rapid development of IT technology, the widespread access to the Internet as well as the development of mobile technologies have changed and modernized their formula. Many customers place orders remotely with the option of delivery to their door. This method of ordering and fulfilling orders is becoming more and more popular and ever more common in the recent period due to the pandemic and the resulting restrictions and limitations on the functioning of trade and services. The following key questions arise in relation to customer order processing for chain business managers: How to allocate individual customer orders to selected branches so that the cost of their processing (production and delivery) is the lowest?, How to deliver on time?, etc. To answer these questions, a decision support model has been developed, which combines routing, allocation and planning problems for restaurant/store chains. Two ways to implement the model have been proposed. The first one uses the methods of mathematical modeling and programming, and the other, which is a proprietary approach that integrates the mechanisms of evolution (specialized representations, repair mechanisms, genetic operators, etc.), uses constraint logic programming and dedicated heuristics. In addition, procedures for constraint handling and presolving have been developed.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ СИСТЕМИ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

Today, scientific analysis of the relationship between higher authorities is carried out in terms of a number of legal sciences, such as: the theory of state and law, constitutional law of Ukraine, administrative law and more. These issues become especially relevant in the current conditions of state and legal development of our state, which are even more relevant given the events taking place in the last decade in Ukraine. However, for a proper systematic analysis of the issue of public authority, it is first necessary to clarify the nature and essence of these state and legal institutions. In turn, events related to the spread of coronavirus (COVID - 19) in early 2020 clearly showed the relative certainty (even vulnerability) of a group of public law institutions, the ability of the state to limit them in different circumstances and in different methods, lack of guarantees and implementation human rights, etc. Therefore, the system of destructive factors in the transformation of public administration needs additional scientific analysis. Further development of scientific and technological progress, globalization become an incentive to form new areas of relations in society. One of such areas - information relations, the development of IT technologies and eventually the formation of the information society - led to the growing role of digital transformation (digitalization) in the system of public administration. This indicates the urgent need to generalize the accumulated theoretical, empirical material and justify the solution of the problem of forming a new concept of the relationship between state and man, which today is the concept of a social democratic state.

KEY REQUIREMENTS FOR CREATING A NEW BUILDING TYPE CYBERHUB AS A RESULT OF THE CYBERSPORT DEVELOPMENT

The article talks about currently relevant issue – computer addiction. Author makes an attempt to start a conversation with a highly conservative society, that has no firm understanding of what cybersport is, and is not willing to let their children pursue this field. The themes are living in the age of rapid development of IT technologies; the definition of cybersport, general pros and cons of computer gaming; Ukraine's need to create cybereducation platforms and spread IT-savviness. While cybersport has its place at the majority of the countries, Ukrainians waste their time casually playing "tanchiki" (common slang for the game). Author argues that one of the reasons for this is the lack of specialized institutional affiliations, agencies, gaming platforms and arenas for development and demonstration of one's skills in the new sport type – cybersport.
 Author formulates the objective of the study as an attempt to determine the relevance of creating a cyberhub, built specifically not for entertainment but for educational purposes; putting together a list of the required zones of such space; creating an entire system which includes constructing multifunctional zones with the help of movable modules. The hub will include cybersport academies and tournament arenas, classrooms, conference and exhibition salons, showrooms and so on; programming the cyberhub inner climate and the protection from hacker cyberattacks will be done with the usage of the "smart-house" technologies. Author defines cyberdesign and its general principles and applies them to unigue aspects of the hub. The main goal for designing such a hub is to create an interior which translates the atmosphere of the past, present and future of gaming and entertainment. The important point is to avoid a post-apocalyptic impression, instead making a connection with the nature, and blending the styles of futuristic and eco-design, thus creating a new niche of space in the cyberculture.

Organizational structure of the chancellery chamber of deputies of the Czech Republic

The article identifies the characteristics of the organizational structure of the Chancellery of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The Law on Property of the Czech Republic of 27 June 2000 № 219/2000, the Law on the Location of the Parliament of the Czech Republic of 21 February 1996 № 59/1996, the Law on the Rules of Procedure of the Chamber of Deputies of 19 April 1995 № 90/1995, Organizational rules of the Chancellery of the Chamber of Deputies, approved by the Resolution of the Organizing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies of October 14, 1998 № 33.The author notes the flexibility and mobility of the structure of the Office of the Lower House of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The search for ways to save budget funds, the rapid and relentless development of IT tech-nologies have contributed to changes in the organization of its work: some departments have merged, creating new ones.In the context of the current trend of openness of public authorities, author emphasizes the creativity of the staff of the press service of the President of the Chamber of Deputies. Using minimal resources, a web page has been created with press releases about the activities of the President of the Chamber, which contributes to the image of a modern and responsible politician and generally has some potential to influence positive public opinion about the Czech Parliament as a whole.As a result, the structure and tasks of the Chamber’s Office defined by law correspond to the subsidiary nature of this body, which was created for professional, organizational and technical support of the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, its bodies and officials, deputies and clubs.

Research on Application of Artificial Intelligence in Network Security Defence

Network security gradually matures with the development of IT technology, and the exponential growth of massive data makes data leakage more common for many reasons. To explore the application of artificial intelligence technology in network security defense. Based on the security problems existing in different network information systems, this paper constructs an intelligent security analysis and management system from the perspective of network security protection, and introduces it into the big data network security platform. In combination with different security protection requirements, the existing network security problems are detected and dealt with. The VLAN routing command is configured to multiple switches to quickly complete multiple sets of network security solutions and implementation, and achieve a more comprehensive and intelligent network security defense.

Intrusion Detection for Industrial Control Systems Based on Open Set Artificial Neural Network

The security of industrial control systems (ICSs) has received a lot of attention in recent years. ICSs were once closed networks. But with the development of IT technologies, ICSs have become connected to the Internet, increasing the potential of cyberattacks. Because ICSs are so tightly linked to human lives, any harm to them could have disastrous implications. As a technique of providing protection, many intrusion detection system (IDS) studies have been conducted. However, because of the complicated network environment and rising means of attack, it is difficult to cover all attack classes, most of the existing classification techniques are hard to deploy in a real environment since they cannot deal with the open set problem. We propose a novel artificial neural network based-methodology to solve this problem. Our suggested method can classify known classes while also detecting unknown classes. We conduct research from two points of view. On the one hand, we use the openmax layer instead of the traditional softmax layer. Openmax overcomes the limitations of softmax, allowing neural networks to detect unknown attack classes. During training, on the other hand, a new loss function termed center loss is implemented to improve detection ability. The neural network model learns better feature representations with the combined supervision of center loss and softmax loss. We evaluate the neural network on NF-BoT-IoT-v2 and Gas Pipeline datasets. The experiments show our proposed method is comparable with the state-of-the-art algorithm in terms of detecting unknown classes. But our method has a better overall classification performance.

Development vectors and foreign experience in automation, informatization, digitalization in the agricultural sector

The article explores the main stages of the development of information technology in the world, considers some of the most important areas of IT technology development and global trends in the digital transformation of the agroindustrial complex based on the analysis of global scientific achievements, research reports, articles by famous scientists, scientific and expert organizations. The main trends are identified that determine the conceptual development of the socalled "Smart (digital) agriculture", which contribute in every way to ensure highly rational social, economic, technical and technological development of the agricultural sector.

Analysis of Fingerprint Biometric Authentication Using CNN

Biometrics defines the accurate distinctiveness of a person. Biological or behavioral characteristic data are extracted to distinguish humans. Development of IT technology intensifies the risk of hacking, hence there is rise in technologies using biometrics for authenticity. Fingerprint biometric is one of the most popular and widely used for authentication. The proposed system uses fingerprint at the matching score level for biometric identification. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) based fingerprint methodology is presented in our work. Input image is enhanced during preprocessing phase. Matching the enhanced fingerprint is done in recognition phase. The overall system performance is enhanced by realizing preprocessing and recognition phases. Performance of the system is evaluated and measured by FAR (False Acceptance Rate) and FRR (False Rejection Rate).

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ НАСЛІДКИ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ

The article examines the social and economic consequences of globalization and the peculiarities of their manifestation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The meaning of the term "globalization" is revealed. The emergence of the global economy due to the development of globalization processes and their contradictory nature is noted, as there is a big discrepancy between the positive impact of globalization on developed and underdeveloped countries. These aspects, which are under the influence of globalization, interact penetrating each other. Therefore, the economy and politics, social processes and the environment become interconnected. The statistics of world GDP for the period 2005-2020 are presented. The decline of the foresaid indicator during the crisis of 2008-2009 and the crisis of 2020 is compared. The reasons for the downfall of the world GDP in 2020 are given. Attention is drawn to the rising unemployment rate in Ukraine. Attention is paid to the enrichment of the oligarchs of the countries during the crisis caused by the coronavirus. Unequal growth in wealth of billioners and an increase in the average wage of citizens are present in Ukraine. Those factors reveal the decline in incomes during the pandemic and the accumulation of opulence of wealthy people. There is an increase in the number of rich and poor people in the world. The uneven income of different segments of the population is considered. Statistics on the number of poor people, who survive on less than $ 2 a day are provided. The growth in the percentage of poor population is not shown to be dependent on the state of the economy. The problems of job loss and employment in many countries of the world during the pandemic are highlighted, as companies are slowly resuming their work after the abolition of the lockdown. There are some proposals regarding the fair redistribution of wealth and solving the problems of the poor. Despite the above negative consequences, the globalization process in a pandemic has given impetus to the active development of IT technologies. Reorientation of all spheres of human activity to the use of new technologies and their introduction into production processes are continued to be implemented. The development of digitalization in many areas of activity is one of the ways to overcome the problems of unemployment.

Analysis of access to the electricity transmission network using information technologies in some countries

The role of information technology is especially great in strategic sectors of the economy, one of which is energy. After all, the more complex the product, the more acutely it needs more automation of the processes taking place in it. The main informational tasks of power generation are the automation of technological process systems and control over the installed equipment. The main factor that influences the development of information technologies in the energy sector in Kazakhstan is the need for high-tech reforms in this sector of the economy. Thus, the development of IT technologies in the energy sector, like any other industry, will lead to the automation of the entire complex, which will entail its more efficient operation in every sense. The article provides an overview of works devoted to the problem of access to the electricity transmission network in Africa, India, Turkey, etc.