International Business Development Research Articles

Multinational corporations and grand challenges: part of the problem, part of the solution?

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to address the relationship between multinational corporations (MNCs) and grand challenges. Stressing the moderating impact of stakeholders and governments, it frames and introduces the six contributions of the special issue, equally divided into those illustrating how MNCs contribute to the existence of grand challenges and those exploring how MNCs contribute to addressing grand challenges.Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of the existing literature on the relationship between MNCs and grand challenges and recent developments in mainstream international business, the viewpoint emphasizes the need to move beyond a one-sided focus on the positive contributions of MNCs to grand challenges.FindingsThe special issue contributions reveal that even established MNCs are actively engaged in strategic efforts to perpetuate unsustainable practices and minimize the impact of societal rules and stakeholders. The contributions also highlight the complications when MNCs aim to tackle grand challenges.Practical implicationsDisplaying positive practices of how MNCs contribute to the solution of grand challenges should not be considered a functional substitute for regulatory action, contrary to the frequent assertion of MNCs and their political representatives.Originality/valueThis special issue is the first one in IB to address the relationship between MNCs and grand challenges from an empirical vantage point.

МІЖНАРОДНИЙ БІЗНЕС В УМОВАХ ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТІ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article is devoted to the study of trends in the evolutionary changes of international business in the context of global economic turbulence. It is established that the global economy is currently at the stage of turbulent fluctuations, the factors and at the same time the results of which are the strengthening of new features that are almost polar to the attributes of the economy of the past decade. The turbulence of the global economy provokes relevant trends in the development of international business: a decrease in the rate of scaling of the international companies activities; comprehensive digitization of business processes; reformatting of global chains of value formation in terms of length, fragmentation and localization; strengthening cyber security and information protection in order to minimize financial and reputational risks; the growth of e-commerce; multichannel communications with consumers; increasing the social responsibility of international companies and increasing investments in sustainable development; increasing the value of human capital and permanent modernization of the international companies HR management. Artificial intelligence and human creative capital are becoming the identifying carrier of globalization changes, which is a source of innovative efficiency of international business processes and a critical factor for sustainable development. This stimulates a steady increase of investment in the development of artificial intelligence and its implementation in international business practices. Artificial intelligence has become a factor in the development of traditional economic sectors and a driver of the creative economy as a new global phenomenon. It is established that the growth of the creative economy is characterized by the disparity between countries with different levels of development in international trade in goods and services of creative industries: a clear dominance of developed countries in the services segment and a dynamic increase in the contribution of developing countries in the segment of creative goods. On a global scale, artificial intelligence is not limited to international business and is being actively integrated into the process of developing and implementing sustainable development strategies.

ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЯ КРАЇН АФРИКАНСЬКОГО КОНТИНЕНТУ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНОГО БІЗНЕСУ

The article is devoted to the study of the place and role of the digitalization process of the countries of the African continent in the context of their integration into the international business environment. The article highlights the essence and mechanisms of the implementation of information and communication technologies based on the measurement of the index of readiness of countries for digital networks, the theoretical and methodological aspects of formation of the conceptual apparatus of researched issues and the market competitiveness of African countries in the conditions of globalization of the world economy are determined. The work analyzes the global experience of managing the process of digitalization of the international economy in general and international business in particular, the methods and mechanisms of regulation of this process are determined; researched mechanisms of state influence on enterprises and the conditions under which it is appropriate to use it; a modernized approach to the implementation of leading experience in the management activities of enterprises in African countries is also proposed. The article identifies the leading countries in the field of digitalization, their role in global and local markets is clarified; the prospects for changing the rates of population growth in the African region and the consequences of this growth as part of the expansion of high-tech businesses to regional and international markets are outlined; the predicted degree of their presence in the countries of the African continent. Particular attention is paid to the general features of the modern stage of the development of international business, the role of innovations in the development of strategies for the development of the economies of African countries is determined; an assessment of the effectiveness of the set of strategies of international companies was provided, which ultimately allowed us to propose a number of practical and recommended actions aimed at improving and improving the process of managing the processes of digitalization of the business environment of the countries of the African continent.

INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

The topic of integration processes in Ukraine and their impact on the development of international business is important and relevant in the context of the country's economic development. Ukraine's integration with global economic structures, such as the European Union and other regional blocs, opens up new opportunities for international business and has a significant impact on the development of the country's economy. The accession of Ukraine to the European Union and the signing of regional agreements contribute to the increase of trade relations and cooperation with other countries. This stimulates the growth of exports and the attraction of foreign investments, as well as promotes the transfer of best practices and technologies. International companies have the opportunity to expand their activities in the Ukrainian market and use its potential. However, integration also presents Ukrainian companies with challenges related to competition in the foreign market and the need to improve production processes and product quality. For the successful development of international business, it is important to attract foreign partners, introduce innovative technologies, improve the qualifications of employees and develop efficient logistics. Therefore, integration processes in Ukraine have a significant impact on the development of international business, create new opportunities for enterprises, and contribute to the attraction of foreign investments and the transfer of best practices. However, successful management of these processes requires effective strategies, adaptation to international standards and constant improvement of the competitiveness of Ukrainian business. The article examines integration processes in Ukraine and determines their impact on the development of international business; the challenges and opportunities of integration processes for the development of international business in Ukraine are considered.

Информационно-коммуникационные технологии в международном бизнесе средних и малых предприятий: роль, типы и решения

This article examines the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the interna-tional business development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the modern world. The COVID-19 pandemic had forced managers of SME organizations to adapt quickly to new business conditions by adap-tation of new technologies and changing internal and external business processes. The article analyzes the key factors of integration ICT that influence the transformation of the way business is conducted in global markets. The specifics of ICT implementation in various areas of small and medium-sized businesses are described. The most significant challenges of digital transformation of SME business have been identified. The study high-lights the importance of addressing these issues in increasing the competitiveness and innovation capacity of SMEs in the global economy.

THE COMPETITIVE POSITION OF CONCENTRATED APPLE JUICE EXPORTED FROM POLAND

The objective of this research was to determine the competitive position of Concentrated Apple Juice (CAJ) exports from Poland in the years 2007-2022. The data used in this study were sourced from the Trade Map database (Trade statistics for international business development) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (FAOSTAT). Global CAJ trade experienced a decline during this period. The average export volume from 2019 to 2022 amounted to 1.4 million tons, representing a 16% decrease compared to the average volume from 2007 to 2010. The major global CAJ exporters during the study period were China, Poland, and Turkey. China’s share in global CAJ exports decreased from 49% to 29%, while Poland’s share increased from 11% to 19%, and Turkey’s share rose from 2% to 11%. Additionally, Ukraine’s share increased from 2% to 6%, and Moldova’s share increased from 1% to 4%. The highest net export orientation ratios were observed for Moldova, Hungary, Poland, and Ukraine, all exceeding 40%. Throughout the study period, the competitive position of CAJ exports from Poland, Turkey, Ukraine, and Moldova improved, while China’s competitive position declined. This presents an opportunity for domestic producers due to the decreasing CAJ exports from China. However, there is also an increase in competitive pressure from other suppliers, primarily from Turkey, Ukraine, and Moldova.

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF MARKETING RESEARCH IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

In the article, the importance and necessity of using marketing research in the development of entrepreneurship and international business in the world economy is revealed using empirical research methods. Based on the scientific works of foreign scientists on the subject of marketing research related to entrepreneurship and international business, the author's approaches to the scientific recommendations given as effective solutions to the existing problems in the system are presented.

TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS: THE CONCEPT AND BACKGROUND OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The article is devoted to the problem of theoretical understanding of the development of modern international business. The article discusses the terminological features of the description of the process of transnationalization, in particular, compares the content of the concepts of "transnational corporation", "multinational corporation" and "multinational enterprise". The distinctive features of transnational corporations are highlighted and the author's definition of this term is proposed. The main theories of business transnationalization that have developed in Western economic thought (the theory of internalization, the theory of internationalization, the theory of competitive advantages of M. Porter, the theory of the life cycle of R. Vernon, etc.) are analyzed and the limitations of their application are identified.

Major obstacles and directions for the application of artificial intelligence in international business

Aim. The presented study aims to investigate the nature of major challenges and obstacles that international companies are facing and to determine directions for using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the context of the digital transformation of the economy, global regionalization, and market fragmentation.Tasks. The authors analyze the legal framework for the use of AI technologies by international companies; identify challenges and obstacles for the implementation of business strategies in different countries; determine directions for the use of AI technologies in international business.Methods. This study uses the descriptive method, abstraction, deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis.Results. Based on the performed analysis, challenges and obstacles for implementing business strategies in various countries are identified, including regulatory, personnel, organizational and technological ones. Key development areas for international companies include smart HR policy, formation of flexible business models, analysis of customer and employee needs to prevent crisis situations and predict market trends, automation of production and reduction of costs using AI technologies, and formation of functional ecosystems that optimize cooperation, making it well-timed and well-managed.Conclusions. The findings of the study make it necessary to rethink the use of AI technologies as a tool for analyzing the requests and needs of both customers and potential employees in international business. There is an assumption that new directions for international business development will appear later. This will distort the current market situation, but adaptability and flexibility will remain key qualities that will allow an international company to ensure stability and competitiveness in the near future.

GREEN TREND IN INTERNATIONAL BANKING BUSINESS: OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE

The main forces influencing the bank's decision to switch to green banking are systematized, the potential for its growth in Ukraine is identified. Green banking in developing countries is explored, taking into account the growing need for finance to combat climate change in this group of countries. The conceptual and categorical apparatus of green finance research is improved due to the presentation of the author's approach to the interpretation of the "green bank" category, which is understood as a bank that, in both its credit and investment activities, gives priority to environmental protection over profit maximization. Based on the analysis of the latest scientific research, the systematic identification and classification of factors influencing the bank's decision to switch to green banking, which include economic (bank competition) and non-economic (ecological, cultural, moral, political) factors, are improved. It is concluded that the motives and pressure on banks for their switch to green banking have, unlike the factors, more subjective nature and are closely related to the future benefits or losses that each specific bank plans to receive or incur as a result of such switch. The ultimate goal of most motives is to increase the value of the bank, but political and economic motives for expansion and various non-economic goals of some international banks should be factored in, since they can significantly limit the effect of the market mechanism in the banking systems of recipient countries and lead to increased instability. Motives (risk avoidance, cost reduction, reputation improvement, profit maximization) are proposed to be identified as positive incentives for banks to switch to green banking, and pressure (regulatory or governmental; from stakeholders, customers and employees) as negative ones. Opportunities and challenges for international banking business in the process of the switch to green banking are considered. In the context of global trends in the development of international banking business, the development potential of green banking in Ukraine is analyzed.

International Business, digital technologies and sustainable development: Connecting the dots

Building on emerging debates on the ‘dark’ and ‘bright’ side of digital globalization, and calls for considering its environmental and social implications in more detail, this perspective article seeks to ‘unravel’ these components of ‘the digital age’ for International Business (IB). Inspired by the affordance perspective developed in Information Systems research, we offer IB scholars a new approach to ‘zoom in’ on the (potential) role of individual novel technologies in addressing specific sustainable development issues. Three examples illustrate the relevance of this approach for multinationals and for developing innovative research avenues in IB, which extend existing insights on digital globalization.

Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Ekspor Cocoa Powder Indonesia Ke China

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence Indonesia's cocoa powder exports to China. The data used in this study is time series data from 2008 M01 to 2019 M04. Data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), trade statistics for international business development (trademap.org), the Indonesian ministry of agriculture, and the international cocoa organization (ICCO). This research is quantitative research with an ECM analysis model. The results showed that the international cocoa bean price and industrial production index had a positive effect on cocoa powder exports, but the international cocoa bean price variable was not significant in both the short and long term. On the other hand, the exchange rate variable has a large negative impact on Indonesia's cocoa powder exports to China in the long term and a small positive impact in the short term.

ANALISIS DAYA SAING EKSPOR KOPI INDONESIA DI PASAR DUNIA

This journal contains an analysis of the competitive advantages of coffee from 2015-2020 by comparing Indonesian coffee as one of the main exporting countries with several other main exporting countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Vietnam and Ethiopia. This journal uses 2 analytical tools, namely the Trade Specialization Index (ISP) and Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA). Data collected and processed from several sources including the Badan Pusan Statistik (BPS), International Coffee Organization (ICO) and Trade Statistics for International Business Development (TradeMap). Based on the results of the analysis calculation, the Trade Specialization Index (ISP) value for Indonesian coffee commodities shows results ranging from 0 to 1. This indicates that Indonesia has competitiveness and tends to be a coffee exporting country. Based on the results of Revealed Comparative Adventage (RCA) it can be seen that Ethiopia has the highest RCA score so that Ethiopia has a comparative advantage in all periods followed by Colombia, Brazil, Vietnam. While Indonesia is ranked fifth. Indonesia has to face strong competition between Brazil and Colombia in the international market. What's more, 90% of coffee exported abroad is in the form of green coffee which is of low quality. This causes Indonesia to get lower prices compared to other countries

Research on the Influence of International Business Development to Improve Chinese English Level

Research on the Influence of International Business Development to Improve Chinese English Level

Strategies for SMEs to Develop International Business in the Context of Internet Plus

Under the background of "Internet plus", the development of SMEs in China is facing new opportunities. The development quality of SMEs can be improved through the development of international business, which has a certain role in promoting the development of international business of SMEs. The development technology of the Internet can help small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve effective analysis of the international market. On this basis, combined with the actual operation of enterprises, a new international business development strategy is formulated. However, at present, China's SMEs still have some significant problems in the process of developing international business, and it is difficult to fundamentally realize the development of international business of enterprises. This article puts forward effective strategies and methods suitable for SMEs to develop international business by combining the advantages of the development of the Internet.

Formation of a competitive profile of domestic companies in the global business environment

The article examines the key aspects of the process of Ukrainian companies entering the global market: prerequisites and factors influencing the international development of companies during expansion and establishment in the context of modern competitive relations; forms of business and enterprise development. A brief structural analysis of the main development strategies of companies in the conditions of entering the markets of other countries is carried out, examples of the strategies of international development of large domestic companies, international cooperation and the construction of successful enterprises are given. The main trends of the entry of domestic companies into the international business environment are highlighted and the features of competitive opportunities of Ukrainian enterprises are revealed, the problems of competitiveness of Ukrainian companies in the international business arena are analyzed. It is analyzed how global economic processes affect the international division of production factors and the territorial location of productive forces. International competition, globalization of markets, large-scale penetration of foreign goods into the Ukrainian market transfer the problem of managing the competitiveness of the enterprise to the number of priority management tasks, the successful solution of which will ensure the survival and development of enterprises in the new environment. The globalization of the world economy opens up unprecedented opportunities for the development of international business, the characteristic features of which are: accessibility and generality, gradual development, the possibility of carrying out activities in real time, covering all markets of goods and services with the help of telecommunications. The importance and value of business for the world economy is determined by maintaining a competitive market environment, which is a key function at all stages of the development of the world economy. Modern competition is the competition of new companies in terms of strategy, production organization and business culture. The key factors of the successful development of domestic and international companies, such as investment attraction, the use of scientific and innovative developments, and the use of organizational and management experience, were studied.

Franchising in Argentina: economy saving after the crisis

The Latin American market is currently of great interest for the development of international business and international franchising in particular, both from foreign investors and among national companies developing their international business. Argentina has an ambiguous position in the global business arena. Being the third economy in the region, it occupies a very scattered economic position on the world stage, which brings its own nuances to the development of the economy. The article considers the period of time mainly after 2014-2015, when the country experienced a serious economic recession. A modern view of the development of franchising in the country is presented and the prospects for its development are outlined. The article focuses on the analysis of the development of franchising in Argentina from an economic point of view, provides statistical and graphical data on the state of development of this type of business in the country. In addition, the key points associated with the economic crisis of the 2000s and the Covid pandemic, which may hinder the development of franchising in the Argentina’s market, are identified, as well as the key trends in the development of franchising in Argentina in the coming years.

МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ЛІЗИНГОВИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ У ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНІЙ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The modern development of international business creates new conditions for the effective functioning of business entities on international markets. First of all, this concerns the constant and steady increase in the volume of financing of foreign economic operations, which, in turn, requires the search for optimal methods and sources, among which leasing occupies a significant place. In Ukraine, the urgency of the development of leasing is determined by the need for technical re-equipment and renewal of the fixed assets of enterprises, the level of wear and tear of which is approximately 80%. The vast majority of Ukrainian enterprises are unable to carry out technical renewal of production with their own funds. Therefore, there is an objective need to develop the leasing business. The article analyzes the current trends of the global leasing market and the market of Ukraine, identifies problems and prospects for development, develops recommendations for improving the methodical support of the organization of leasing operations in the field of foreign economic activity. The historical experience of the development of leasing in many countries confirms its important role in the renewal of production, the expansion of product sales, and the activation of investment activities. Leasing can become especially attractive in connection with the introduction of tax and depreciation benefits. Leasing can become especially attractive in connection with the introduction of tax and depreciation benefits. Leasing operations are in great demand on the world market, as they provide certain advantages for all participants in the agreement. Today, Ukrainian leasing companies are unable to fully meet the aggregate demand for this type of financial services, therefore, for Ukraine, the use of international leasing as the main element of updating equipment and production facilities is extremely important. International financial leasing provides enterprises with the opportunity to modernize equipment and thereby increase their efficiency and competitiveness. Therefore, the relevance of the study is determined by the need to use international financial leasing as a means of updating the company's main production assets.

Accelerating the Import, Improving the Trade: Regulating Lead-Time Management through International Business Development of Woven Garments in Bangladesh

Accelerating the Import, Improving the Trade: Regulating Lead-Time Management through International Business Development of Woven Garments in Bangladesh

A Study on the Impact of International Translation Levels Based on Multiple Correlation Analysis

Since my country’s accession to the World Trade Organization, the opening up of the financial industry has gradually deepened, and the banking industry has gradually developed into an international trend. In the development of international financial business, especially when banks carry out deposits and loans, international communication is a must. Indispensably, the international language of English is very important at this time. For the unique features of the language of financial English, the frequently used skills and common difficulties in Chinese-English translation are summarized in this paper, and financial English is analyzed from the aspects of laws and characteristics.