Highway Development Research Articles

Research on Evaluation Index System of Green Highway in Reconstruction and Expansion Projects

This study summarizes and condenses the core requirements of green road construction in the reconstruction and expansion project, systematically analyzes the three typical representative green road evaluation index systems of GreenRoads, INVEST and Green-LITES. A green highway evaluation index system including 7 first-level indicators, 20 second-level indicators, and 52 third-level indicators has been constructed, The analytic hierarchy process was used to establish a step-level model, the relative importance of each index is determined according to the judgment of experts, and the weight coefficient of each level of index is obtained. In terms of policy requirements, related technology applications, green highway development trends, and the actual construction of the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway reconstruction and expansion project, the three-level indicator scoring method was determined. The green highway evaluation index system and evaluation model were used to evaluate the reconstruction and expansion project of the Beijing-Shanghai Expressway from Laiwu to Linyi (Lu-Sujie). It was determined that the comprehensive score of the project was 81.2, which reaching an excellent level.

Economic evaluation of transportation projects based on different financing methods: at the framework of financial computable general equilibrium model

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to develop a first fully functional Turkish Financial Computable General Equilibrium (FCGE) model that analyzes the economic impacts of infrastructure investment projects under different financing options. We examine three alterantive financing methods, i.e., public financing with tax revenues and government bonds, public financing with region specific tax policy and private financing. Methodology- The study employs Financial Computable General Equilibrium (FCGE) model. The FCGE model integrates the real economy with the financial one, and traces the flows of financial and real resources among economic agents at the same time. Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models typically are comparative static equilibrium models of interregional trade and location based in microeconomics, using utility and production functions with substitution between inputs. The transport system enters the spatial economy through the costs of transport services. Transport sub models are applied to feed CGE models with cost changes in the transport sector as a result of policy measures. Our model is composed of a multi-regional financial CGE model and a transport network model. Turkish Multi Regional Computable General Equilibrium model constitutes of 11 regions. The model includes ten producers, one regional household, one national (or central) government and the rest of the world. Findings- The model is designed to analyze the economic effects of fiscal policies such as the transportation investment expenditures and alternative financing approaches on economic growth and welfare. It is possible to estimate growth and distributional effects of each project based on the financing method once the information on the investment expenditures, the construction location and the changes in the accessibility generated by the project are injected into the FCGE model. As a first attempt, we builded a Financial Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Turkey that FCGE models need, containing the details of financial institutions and transaction of agents’ assets and liabilities. The model specifies the behaviours of ten different sectors, one household, a central government, and the rest of the world. The model is designed to analyze the impacts of highway development with different financing strategies. We examine three alterantive financing methods: it can (a) public financing with tax revenues and government bonds, (b) public financing with region specific tax policy or (c) private financing. Conclusion- The main contribution of this research is to develop a first fully functional FCGE model to analyze the economic impacts of the infrastructure investment projects and their financing options on growth and welfare in Turkish economy. We develop a first fully functional Turkish Financial Computable General Equilibrium (FCGE) model that analyzes the economic impacts of infrastructure investment projects under different financing options. There are a number of ways to finance highway infrastructure investment: fuel taxes, user fees, trust funds etc. This Financial CGE model is expected to assess the consistency of highway investment programs under different financing options, so the government can make a decision on an approval for the project based according to their benefits and costs on national level.

Организация работы речного транспорта на малых реках Тюменской области в первой половине 1960-х гг.

The article deals with the problems of organizing the work of river transport on small rivers of the Tyumen region in 19601964. One of the most important sources of information was the reporting documents on the work of transport. The first steps aimed at improving the transport supply on small rivers at the beginning of the oil and gas development of Western Siberia are analyzed. It characterizes the composition of cargo, the redistribution of the fleet in the process of work, interdepartmental disputes and ways to resolve them, provides statistics on traffic volumes, as well as other specific aspects of work on small rivers. Among the constantly arising problems is the lack of staff and turnover, which had to be solved when planning navigation. Attention is drawn to the fact that, despite the low level of mechanization of the river economy, there was a well-functioning connection between the river departments and design bureaus of the Ministry of the river fleet. It is noted that the initial period of the development of river highways took place through a qualitative and quantitative increase in labor productivity. The importance of intensive preparation of river routes in 19601964 is noted. It is indicated that during the period under review, a qualitative step forward was made, which subsequently made it possible to gain a rapid pace of development of Western Siberia.

Peat Soil Engineering And Mechanical Properties Improvement Under The Effect Of EKS Technique At Parit Kuari, Batu Pahat, Johor, West Malaysia

This study focused on the stabilization of peat soil and its engineering and mechanical properties improvement such as shear strength, moisture content, liquid limit and shear wave velocity. Peat is considered as weak foundation soil as they have low shear strength, high compressibility and high moisture content. One of the major problems for the construction industries in Malaysia is slope instability, bearing capacity failure and excessive settlement foundation for the development of highways and buildings when its undertaken-on peatland. Malaysia contains about 3 million hectares peatland which cover 8% of its total land. Therefore, it is essential to find an appropriate way to enhance its properties and to ensure the reduction and solution of these problems can finally solve by applying the electrokinetic stabilization (EKS) method. The peat soil samples were collected from Parit Kuari, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. In the proposed technique, the voltage gradient of 110 and 150 V was applied for the period of 3 and 6 hours. Some laboratory parameters such as shear strength, moisture content (MC), liquid limit, and shear wave velocity were observed for pre as well as for post-EK. It was observed that strength was found significantly improved from 11.66 to 70 kPa, MC was reduced from 613.989 to 270.294%, liquid limit was increased from 159.261 to 217.603%, and shear wave velocity was improved from 68.5 to 110.5 m/s. A significant improvement has been observed in the physical properties of the peat soil by applying the progressive approach showing the robustness of the methodology.

REAPPROPRIATION OF ELEVATED HIGHWAY RESIDUAL SPACE THROUGH GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING

Kuala Lumpur City’s demand for a better connectivity has led to the vast development of elevated highways. This has caused the formation of residual spaces underneath megastructures. Previous studies indicated that these residual spaces triggered issues from dumping of debris to crimes. Aimed at exploring the typologies and reappropriation of these spaces through green infrastructure planning, three methods were utilised in this study: site observation, document analysis and expert interview. Results from the study showed that there were two main typologies of residual spaces, namely: (1) easily accessible and (2) hard to access spaces. The interview sessions with the experts suggested that suitable green infrastructure elements, such as play lots, recreational lots and community gardens were regarded as suitable for Typology 1. However, semi-natural areas and functional landscapes were viewed as suitable for Typology 2. It is hoped that the understanding of the typologies of residual spaces underneath elevated highways and its appropriation through green infrastructure planning could lead to a more sustainable use and management of urban space thus viewing it as an important urban resource.

Development of Roughness Index Model of Low Volume Roads Using Machine Learning Techniques

In the present scenario, one of the most common challenges in urban areas is road damage. The effect of these damaged roads will cause delay in the travel time, traffic congestion, and road accidents. The main cause for these distresses are due to the improper planning of road, overloading of the vehicles, water on the road surface and the age or serviceability of the road. Improper maintenance of the road will also contribute to the primary function of damage caused to the road. The factors affecting the maintenance are delays in financing, improper handling and accelerating climate change. Hence, it is very important for incorporating a proper maintenance to the existing roads beside the development of new highways for the growth in country’s economy. Pavement condition and roughness data are collected on the selected study stretch and were used to develop the relationships of distresses and UI values using machine learning techniques, artificial neural network and support vector machines. It has been observed that, the roughness is usually manifested as a combined effect of different individual pavement deterioration parameters such as cracking, potholes, raveling, patching, and rutting.

Damage by wind-blown sand and its control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway in China

Desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world, especially in the arid desert regions. Combating desertification, therefore, is an urgent task on a regional or even global scale. The Taklimakan Desert in China is the second largest mobile desert in the world and has been called the “Dead Sea” due to few organisms can exist in such a harsh environment. The Taklimakan Desert Highway, the longest desert highway (a total length of 446 km) across the mobile desert in the world, was built in the 1990s within the Taklimakan Desert. It has an important strategic significance regarding oil and gas resources exploration and plays a vital role in the socio-economic development of southern Xinjiang, China. However, wind-blow sand seriously damages the smoothness of the desert highway and, in this case, mechanical sand control system (including sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards) was used early in the life of the desert highway to protect the road. Unfortunately, more than 70% of the sand barrier fences and straw checkerboards have lost their functions, and the desert highway has often been buried and frequently blocked since 1999. To solve this problem, a long artificial shelterbelt with the length of 437 km was built along the desert highway since 2000. However, some potential problems still exist for the sustainable development of the desert highway, such as water shortage, strong sandstorms, extreme environmental characteristics and large maintenance costs. The study aims to provide an overview of the damages caused by wind-blown sand and the effects of sand control measures along the Taklimakan Desert Highway. Ultimately, we provide some suggestions for the biological sand control system to ensure the sustainable development of the Taklimakan Desert Highway, such as screening drought-resistant species to reduce the irrigation requirement and ensure the sound development of groundwater, screening halophytes to restore vegetation in the case of soil salinization, and planting cash crops, such as Cistanche, Wolfberry, Apocynum and other cash crops to decrease the high cost of maintenance on highways and shelterbelts.

The Impact of the Trans-Sumatran Highway Development on Logistic Cost Efficiency

The development of transport infrastructures of the Trans-Sumatran Highway is the policy of the Indonesian government to boost the economic growth. However, on the other hand, this idea needs to be proven since Indonesia has unique regional characteristics in terms of natural, social, and cultural conditions that bring impacts on congestion, low levels of travel security, and illegal costs or surcharges. This problem triggers inefficient logistics activities which can be seen from the high costs of shipping, transportation, and administrative. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the impact of the Trans-Sumatran Highway construction on logistics cost. The result of this study indicates that there are several benefits obtained from the toll road development. For the manufacturers, they may get a faster shipping process so that inventory turnover is getting higher. High inventory turnover can make inventory costs lower. While for the transporters, faster travel times and smooth toll road conditions can reduce the costs of vehicle maintenance and fuel. In addition, the toll road is able to eliminate the surcharges that previously often arise on trips between Lampung and Palembang. This paper argues that the Trans-Sumatra Highway can enhance the transportation and logistics activities.

Analysis on the Susceptibility of Debris Flow along a Highway in Gannan

Under the background of the rapid economic growth in China, domestic infrastructure construction is also constantly improving. Thereof, the rapid development of highways and railways is outstandingly expanding. During the construction and operation of highways and railways, geological disasters often occur along the railway, which seriously endanger people’s lives and property and sustainable economic and social development. Among them, debris flow is one of the most serious geological disasters that endanger highway safety. The proposed Zhuoni-Hezuo Section of Fengxian (Shaanxi) to Hezuo (Gansu) Expressway is an important part of the expressway in Gansu Province. The d geological hazard along the expressway, debris flow, seriously threatens the safety construction and later operation of the proposed highway. Taking the debris flow along the proposed expressway as the research object, this paper comprehensively collects the geological data of the area, studies its characteristics of distribution, formation and movement on that basis, and summarizes its formation conditions and mechanism, then evaluates its susceptibility. This paper is a certain reference for the study of debris flow in the region and the governance over it in next step.

Soil Bacterial Community Structure in Turfy Swamp and Its Response to Highway Disturbance.

In recent years, the construction and development of highways in turfy swamp areas has been very common. When highways pass through turfy swamps, they can change the local soil, vegetation and hydrological environment, but the impact on soil microorganisms is unclear. We studied the impact of highways on soil microbial communities and diversity in three turfy swamps. Soil samples were collected in the affected area (distance from the expressway 10 m) and control area (distance from the expressway 500–1000 m), and the soil properties, heavy metal content and microbial composition were measured. Subsequent statistical analysis showed that soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, density and especially water table (WT) are the main driving forces affecting the composition of microorganisms. The WT and density can also be used to predict the change trend of the ratio of proteobacteria to acid bacteria, reflecting the soil nutrient status. In general, the composition of soil microorganisms in turfy swamp is mainly affected by road drainage and heavy metal emissions. This research provides new insights into the impact of highways on turfy swamps from the perspective of bacterial diversity and community composition, and it also provides a basis for the restoration of the wetland ecological environment.

Children’s Exposure to toxic trace elements in the Southern Peruvian Amazon

Background: Exposures to toxic elements such as mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) adversely effect health and development of children. Scant data exists on children’s exposure to these elements in rapidly developing areas of Low- and Middle-Income Countries, where exposure may pose significant health threats. The Southern Peruvian Amazon of Madre de Dios (MDD) is one such region undergoing rapid changes including highway development, deforestation, agriculture, and artisanal and small-scale gold mining. Prior analysis of adult nails, an uncommon yet advantageous biomarker, revealed elevated exposures to Hg, As, Cd, and Pb among adults. Children’s exposures were not assessed, yet increased activity and nutrient uptake make them a critical sub-population. Objective: To assess prevalence and risk factors for children’s exposures to As, Cd, Pb and Hg in a population-based study in MDD. Methods: Follow-up (2014) of the IMAS (Investigacion de Migracion, Ambiente y Salud) Study collected surveys, nail clippings, and health metrics on members of 310 households in 46 localities across MDD. Nail-element concentrations were analyzed in children under 10 (n=104) using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass spectrometry. Element correlations were assessed with Spearman coefficients. Associations between nail-element concentrations and demographic, environmental, and dietary factors were tested by t-tests. Results: Median nail-element levels were 247 ng/g (As), 189 ng/g (Cd), 392 ng/g (Hg), and 1144 ng/g (Pb). As-, Cd-, and Pb-nail concentrations were significantly higher in children than adults. Pb was higher in urban compared to rural children. Hg was higher in mining affected areas, while Cd was elevated in non-mining affected areas. Younger (<5 years) children had higher As and Pb exposure (p<0.05) compared to older children. There were no significant sex differences.Conclusions: MDD children are exposed to a mixture of mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic. Future work should ascertain the public health impact of these exposures.

The application of BIM technology in road and bridge construction management

In the whole construction process of highway and bridge, strict engineering quality and safety management, to some extent, is to help promote the long-term development of highway and bridge technology, at the same time, can effectively guarantee the overall safety of bridge and highway construction projects, and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. In this paper, the application of BIM technology in the safety management of highways and bridges is analyzed to effectively improve the quality and efficiency of construction safety management measures, in order to provide important reference value for bridge construction management safety.

Imperatives for the Recovery of Indonesia’s Education, Labor and SME Sectors Post COVID-19

COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed a crisis of unprecedented proportions, devastated economies, fueled unemployment across all economic sectors, drastically decreased investment, and plunged the Indonesian economy toward a recession. Government response has been swift and wide-ranging in its efforts to mitigate the impact of the crisis on the economy and vulnerable sections of society. The article proposes two broad based initiatives, inter alia, containing COVID-19 impact during emergency response phase in the short term, and tackling structural problems in the long term to achieve sustained economic transformation and inclusive development. The initiatives include strengthening and widening the scope of government programs already in place to support business and society in areas of education, labor and employment, and SME trade and investment. The thrust of the pathways underscore the importance of accelerating the development of national information highway and the ASEAN connectivity though ASEAN digitalization integration framework action plan (2019-2025) that are crucial for mainstreaming the adoption and deployment of digitalization in the economy and society in business processes and government policies, practices and procedures that ae pre requisites for the future industry revolution 4.0 economy and society.

Stabilized soil - new material for road construction

Ukraine’s social and economic development and its integration into the global community largely depend on the development of transport infrastructure, in particular, on the level of availability of roads. Exactly by development of highways the way out of the world economic crisis started for many countries. Thus, the USA, Germany, Japan, which once identified the development of the road network among the main priorities of economic policy, as a result received not only a developed segment of transport infrastructure, but also stimulated economic growth and achieved positive results in solving the employment problems. Among the urgent tasks of technical progress in road construction, the creation of technologies that will improve the condition of soil and allow reuse. It is known [4], that the soil is used for the arrangement of subgrade and road foundaion, as well as of basic pavement layers, the strength and stability of which affect the riding quality parameters of the road - strength and evenness. The duration of construction and repair of roads depends on the volume of earth works.

Direct and indirect assessment of the amount of naturally occurring asbestos in fractured rocks

Naturally-Occurring Asbestos (NOA) may constitute a severe health risk when metamorphic rocks are excavated for large infrastructure projects. For public acceptance, a reliable assessment of the content of NOA is necessary for the design of the construction site, workers’ safety, and spoil management. Direct measurements of NOA content can be made by SEM-EDS analyses on an adequate number of samples. Such measurements are sufficiently precise but questions about the representativity of the samples may arise, especially when the rock units are structurally and lithologically complex. Therefore, in order to corroborate the direct assessments, alternative and indirect assessments can be performed by measuring the fracture volumetric porosity, provided that almost all the NOA is deposited as veins in the fractures of the rock mass. Statistical sampling and inference procedures can be applied to derive such an index. In this paper, an indirect assessment of NOA is reported and compared with the assessment obtained by direct measurements. The application is to a metamorphic rock formation through which a tunnel is to be driven as part of the ”Gronda di Genova” highway development in Genoa, Italy. Even though significant approximations are made, the indirect assessment is relatively close to the direct measurement.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОСЛЕВОЕННОГО ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ФАСАДОВ ЗДАНИЙ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО ЦЕНТРА ГОРОДА РОСТОВА-НА-ДОНУ

The author considers the combination of tradition and innovation in the solutions of decoration of facades destroyed during the great Patriotic war, their relationship and influence on the formation of a new "identity" of the city. Pre-war and post-war photographs, as well as modern photographs and measurements of the architecture of the historic city center, are a useful tool for understanding the processes of formation of the architectural and artistic appearance of urban development. The study of archival materials allows to get an impression of the projected changes in the development of the main highways as part of the post-war restoration, their implementation and the impact that they had on the historical development of the city. The purpose of this work is to identify techniques for artistic and stylistic solutions of building facades in the framework of post-war reconstruction. As a result of changes in the stylistic design of the facades of buildings of the main highways of the city, the he development becomes more concise and calm forms, eliminating all elements that do not meet the requirements and attitude to pre-war styles. New elements are introduced that emphasize the ideology of power. During the restoration work, the differentiation between the main highways and secondary buildings is emphasized. It arose as a result of the investment of fixed assets (financial, human, material) in the reconstruction of the main highways.

Routing the highway development by using SuperMap Least Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and its assessment toward spatial planning

Highway as road network connectivity plays an important component in regional development that can overcome inter-regional development gaps. Spatial planning and cost priorities of the highway projects must be considered when examining the optimal highway routes, especially in areas that have varied slope characteristics like in Sukabumi-Cianjur area. Therefore, analysis and modeling are needed to show the choice of effective and efficient highway routes amid environmental condition in the region. Least Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can be used to determine the optimal route of a road network. This modeling uses various criteria such as topography, geology, land use, and multi-hazard areas with three MDCA and LCPA simulation models. Based on the suitability of highway development with spatial planning in 2030 using scoring assessment, the optimal highway route from Sukabumi-Cianjur is LCPA-MDCA 1 with total score 69.06 and 49% length of the route that is suitable. Meanwhile LCPA-MDCA 3 shows total score 65.6 with 48,8% length that is suitable, and the least optimal route is LCPA-MDCA 2 with total score 65.48 and 44,6% length of the route that is suitable.

Economic Feasibility Analysis of Highway Project using Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) Model

Economic Feasibility Analysis of Highway Project using Highway Development and Management (HDM-4) Model - written by Pratiksha Patil , Prof. Dhananjay. S. Patil published on 2020/07/25 download full article with reference data and citations

LCA evaluation system and benefit analysis of green Highway technology

Aiming at the problem of all kinds of green road technology is difficult to compare with, energy conservation and emissions reduction from the technical feasibility and economic benefits, etc. Build green road technologies LCA evaluation system is put forward, and with G312 Suzhou western engineering comprehensive benefit analysis as an example, the comprehensive benefit of the most significant, have scale, resource investment suitable green road technologies; the breakthrough and innovation of technical bottleneck problem is the fundamental power to promote the development of green highway. The premise of integrating green concept into the whole life cycle of highway construction is not only the preliminary planning layout research according to local conditions, but also the basis of reasonable selection of suitable green highway technology.

Eco-friendly Hybrid Concrete Using Pozzolanic Binder and Glass Fibers

Hybrid Concrete focused on development of buildings, highways, and other structures of civil engineering. In the current study, various mix combinations have been prepared and tested with different percentages of super-plasticizer at different levels of water reduction for obtaining the optimum mix. Further, study on different properties of hybrid concrete and replacement of ordinary portland cement (OPC) with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), silica fume (SF) and glass fibers (GF) for obtaining highly cement replaced concrete (HCRC) and glass fiber concrete (GFC). The concrete performance was evaluated based on slump cone test, compressive strength test, split tensile strength test, flexural strength test, water absorption test and ultrasonic pulse velocity test. It was observed from the results that, the best performance of HCRC achieved at 50% GGBFS and 3% silica fume replacement. Further, in the case of GFC, 0.2% of glass fibers showed high performance in terms of split tensile and flexural strength at all ages. The optimized concrete mixtures like HCRC and GFC performed better than the control concrete (CC).