Development Of Foreign Economic Relations Research Articles

Changing the vector of Russia’s foreign economic activity in the context of growing anti-Russian sanctions

The article examines the change in the direction of foreign economic activity (hereinafter referred to as FEA) of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF, Russia) in the current conditions of growing anti-Russian sanctions. The relevance of the study lies in assessing transformations in the FEA vector of Russia in the context of expansion of these sanctions, initially introduced in 2014, and their strengthening after the start of the special military operation in Ukraine in 2022. The purpose of the article is to explore causes, directions, and consequences of the changing vector amid the growing restrictions. The subject of the study is current directions of the FEA and their transformation under the influence of the anti-Russian sanctions. The objectives of the article include: analysis of the present Russian FEA vectors; consideration of factors determining their change; modern trends in the foreign trade activities of the RF; assessment of promising directions of the transformation in the Russian FEA; assessment of the impact of the anti-Russian sanctions on the structure and vectors of Russia’s foreign trade activities; influence of the restrictions on the country’s banking sector. The study is based on the analysis of the legislative framework on the Russian FEA, relevant publications on the FEA and statistical information from the Federal Customs Service of the RF. The article considers the main provisions of the modern regulatory framework governing the FEA, foreign trade turn-over of Russia with friendly and unfriendly countries. In conclusion, the article notes the process of transformation of the Russian FEA which consists of its reorientation to states that did not support sanctions against Russia and further development of foreign economic relations with the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), and other friendly states.

Theoretical Foundations of the Foreign Economic Relations Strategy of the Russian Federation at the Present Stage

Introduction. The author of this text is convinced that in the modern world foreign economic relations remain a crucial way of maintaining economic activity. Sustainable economic relations with other states are a necessary condition for the country's economic growth. However, due to changes in the global financial, economic and political systems, Russia is forced to look for new economic and political allies. The main task for our country is to establish close and mutually beneficial relations with the leading countries of the East, such as China and India, in order to ensure economic security in the face of possible isolation in the international arena.Materials and methods. The methodological basis of this research was made up of general scientific and special research methods, such as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, classification, comparative, descriptive, comparative, logical, structural-functional methods, various methods of statistical analysis. The author of the study used tabular and graphical forms of representation of the processes and phenomena under consideration.Research results. The study revealed that Russian government authorities use various tools to maintain foreign trade and ensure economic security in the context of anti-Russian sanctions. The balance between protectionist and free trade policies depends on the situation in international markets, the geopolitical situation in the world, but especially on the level of competitiveness. The introduction of sanctions by the collective West has become the main factor, changing the foreign economic situation for Russia in 2022. Russia’s new foreign economic strategy is based on the search for friendly partners, willing to purchase sanctioned goods. Thanks to this strategy, Russia was able to reorient foreign economic relations towards Asia and the Middle East, as well as to establish parallel imports while maintaining competitiveness and even increasing foreign trade turnover.Discussion and conclusion. The need for Russia to enter the Chinese and Indian trade markets and to strengthen foreign economic relations with Asia is substantiated; the main groups of goods that can contribute to the development of mutually beneficial exchange and strengthening of economic cooperation between these countries are analyzed; the possibility and importance of further development of foreign economic relations with Asian states, which can become no less important and useful partners for Russia than the former states of Europe, have been proven.

Boundedly open economy: A regional dimension

Subject. This article discusses the resilience of the Russian economy to international sanctions. Objectives. The article aims to develop an economic model that ensures Russia's technological sovereignty and the development of foreign economic relations. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical analysis. Results. The article proposes an author-developed methodology for assessing the degree of openness of the economy of a region (country). It finds that the rejection of self-isolation and reliance on high-tech technologies are the main characteristics of a boundedly open economy, which makes it possible to ensure Russia's presence in foreign markets and protect the interests of Russian producers. Relevance. The use of the developed methodology in the practice of strategic planning will improve the efficiency of the planning and forecasting work of the executive authorities in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Trends in the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area

The expansion of international contacts contributes to improving the image of the region, ensuring its investment attractiveness, acting, along with this, as a primary task of forming targets for the socio-economic well-being of the territory. The priority directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area are based on economic potential of the region: the fuel and energy sector with accompanying large-scale infrastructure projects and traditional economic sectors of the indigenous peoples of the North. Taking into account the sanctions, the promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations is of particular relevance. The subject of the study is the prerequisites for the formation of foreign economic relations in the Arctic region, trends in the development of foreign trade activities, and features of customs support for export and import operations of foreign trade participants in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. Special attention is paid to the study of prerequisites and trends in the development of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in order to identify problems and prospects for deepening foreign economic relations in the region. The research method and methodology is based on the use of the following general scientific and private scientific methods of cognition, namely: the method of system analysis, logical and comparative methods, the method of document analysis. The scientific novelty of the study lies in an integrated approach to identifying the prerequisites, specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, trends and promising areas for expanding foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in conditions of economic and political instability. The article presents an assessment of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in modern conditions, identifies the specifics of foreign economic activity in the Arctic region, examines the features of customs support for export-import operations, analyzes statistical data on foreign trade exchange of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area, identifies problematic issues, develops an algorithm for increasing exports of products and develops promising directions for the development of foreign economic relations of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area. For the development of the region's economy, it is necessary to modernize the sphere of production of fuel and energy sector and expand the commodity exports of the agricultural sector of traditional activities of the indigenous peoples of the North.

ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ВНЕШНЕЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СВЯЗЕЙ КИТАЙСКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ В 2024 – 2030 ГГ.

The article analyzes trends in the development of foreign economic relations of the People’s Republic of China in 2024 – 2030. Analysis of trends in the distribution of Chinese exports and imports by countries and regions of the world suggests that the distribution of Chinese exports and imports by countries and regions of the world until 2030 will tend to increase the share of Asian countries. The share of North American and Western European countries in the distribution of Chinese exports and imports across countries and regions of the world will remain either unchanged or will decline. Russia’s share in the distribution of Chinese exports and imports by country will tend to increase until 2030. An analysis of the capabilities of the People’s Republic of China to realize the trade and investment potential of import substitution of products in the economy of the Russian Federation in the future until 2030 suggests that Russian imports from China may increase by 2025 to 80.82 billion dollars, and by 2030 to 85 08 billion dollars, which will ensure the realization of the trade potential of import substitution in the Russian economy by 84.79% and 89.26%, respectively. At the same time, direct investments by the PRC in the domestic national economy can increase the realization of the import substitution potential in the Russian economy to 89.25% and 98.85%, respectively. However, the share of high-tech products when China realizes its trade and investment potential for import substitution in the economy of the Russian Federation will remain low. At the same time, the level of scientific and technical development of basic production (technologies for execution, provision) of goods (work, services) imported from China and produced (performed, provided) as a result of direct investment from this country into the Russian economy, until 2030, will tend to increasing. China will thus largely be able to realize its trade and investment potential for import substitution of high-tech products in the domestic economy by 2030.

Implementation of the National Security Strategy by analyzing the foreign trade turnover of products of the Russian chemical complex

Subject. This article discusses the issues of development of foreign economic relations in the context of international sanctions. Objectives. The article aims to assess Russia's position in the global market of chemical products. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of systems, comparative, structural, and logical analyses. Results. The article systematizes data on exports and imports of chemical products for 2022, and identifies priority areas of cooperation for Russia. Conclusions. In 2022, the ratio of trade turnover for exports and imports of chemical products, which is favorable for Russia, makes it possible to support the development of the industry. Reducing Russia's dependence on imported technologies and components will contribute to ensuring the country's economic security.

Annulment of an International Commercial Arbitration Award: The Ukrainian Experience

Background: The development of foreign economic relations between business entities is the key to a stable economy of each country as a whole. During the implementation of these relations, the emergence of disputes and the procedure for their resolution is one of the main prerequisites for giving preference to alternative dispute resolution, namely international commercial arbitration. Despite the existence of unified rules and standards for the recognition and enforcement of international commercial arbitration awards, which are enshrined in the New York Convention of 1958, many issues arise in the doctrine of international civil procedure and law enforcement practice. These issues are the result of an inconsistent approach to arbitration in the national legislation of the member states of the New York Convention of 1958. Methods: The article will consider the distinction in the definitive approach of ‘challenging’ and ‘annulment’ the decision of international commercial arbitration through the prism of comparative legal regulation and evaluation of the results of both the domestic doctrine of arbitration and foreign scientific schools. In addition, during the analysis of the numerical judicial practice of national courts, the problematic issues of the procedural procedure for annulment of decisions of international commercial arbitration and the grounds for their annulment are considered. Results and Conclusions: Among the results, some gaps and contradictions were discovered, in particular, the ideas of ‘challenging’ and ‘appealing’ such awards. These procedures differ in that within the framework of the procedure for challenging the decision of international commercial arbitration, and the state court has no right to review such a decision on the merits.

Foreign Economic Relations of China and Russia and Prospects of Sino-Russian Economic and Trade Cooperation

Over the past 30 years, economic globalization has significantly increased the pace of global economic growth, allowing emerging market economies to gain opportunities for economic development and economic modernization. After joining the WTO, China and Russia accelerated the development of foreign economic relations, while promoting the reform of the domestic economic and trade system, especially the signing of a number of bilateral and multilateral free trade agreements, which, in turn, gave a new impetus to the development of the world economy. In recent years, economic globalization has increasingly been challenged by unilateralism and trade protectionism. The attempt by the United States to use the Russian-Ukrainian conflict to divide the world economy is the biggest problem facing economic globalization now and in the future. China and Russia have always been firm supporters of globalization, opposing economic hegemony, unilateral sanctions and any actions that divide the world economy. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Russia, with the continuous improvement of bilateral relations, economic and trade cooperation has repeatedly gone against the tide to help the two countries achieve economic development and overcome the economic crisis. Against the background of repeated local outbreaks of the Covid-19 epidemic in China and tough sanctions against Russia, Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation continues to trend towards rapid growth. In the future, China and Russia will seek new opportunities for cooperation in the face of uncertainty and contribute to the sustainable development of the global economic system.

Development of foreign economic relations and tourism of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

The article discusses the features of economic development and prospects of the Kabardino- Balkarian Republic. In the Development Strategy of the Republic, a special place is given to tourism. The Republic has a unique potential that must be used.

МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ЗОВНІШНЬОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ЗВ’ЯЗКІВ УКРАЇНИ ТА ЄС: АСПЕКТИ ЗОВНІШНЬОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ

The article defines the priority for the economy of Ukraine to expand the spheres of foreign economic relations with the EU countries, which will be based on the mechanisms of foreign trade. A number of economic prerequisites and advantages of expanding foreign economic ties between Ukraine and the EU, which determine trends in foreign trade, are emphasized. The foreign economic relations of Ukraine and the EU are of crucial importance in building a highly developed Ukrainian economy and allow European countries to form a constant supply of many critical goods of high quality and lower prices compared to other countries. Ukraine is characterized by a high foreign trade potential, and for its better use, it is necessary to change approaches to state policy, which will stimulate business, state institutions, and society to develop competitive potential and strengthen partnership ties with European countries. It is through the mechanism of foreign trade that it is possible to strengthen the European integration of our country and obtain new opportunities and resources in building a progressive economy according to the norms of highly developed countries. It is worth noting the already significant results in the development of foreign economic relations between Ukraine and the EU, but in order to ensure higher rates of socio-economic growth, such relations must be deepened and expanded. The important role of the continuation of institutional and structural reforms in our country, which should be intensified and aimed at strengthening the competitive potential of the national economy, has been established. The main stages of the integration of foreign economic relations of Ukraine and the EU are highlighted. The high potential of European integration for the economy of Ukraine has been proved, and in the current conditions, this direction of the development of the national economy is considered the main one, which will ensure post-war recovery and a constant rate of socio-economic growth.

Trade and economic cooperation between the USSR and Sudan in 1960 -1980.

The article is devoted to the main stages of the formation and development of foreign economic relations between Sudan and the USSR, starting with the establishment of Soviet-Sudanese diplomatic relations in 1956 and up to the end of the 1980s. The purpose of this article is to study the main directions of Soviet-Sudanese economic and scientific-technical cooperation in the context of political relations between the two countries in the period under study. The author relies on the principles of modern historical science: reliability, scientific objectivity and historicism, as well as a number of general scientific and special historical methods, in particular, chronological and historical-comparative. The object of the study is the Soviet-Sudanese economic relations in the 1960s-1980s. The subject of the study is the forms, directions and mechanisms of interaction between Sudan and the USSR in the economic sphere. It is shown how the unstable internal political situation in the country, the constant struggle for power between the military and civilians had a direct impact on the level of bilateral relations. The main directions of trade and economic cooperation between the Sudan and the USSR are revealed, which concerned, among other things, the sphere of geological exploration, construction, personnel training, and the exchange of specialists. Special attention is paid to military-technical bilateral cooperation, which was most actively developed during the presidency of Jafar Mohammed Nimeiri. The conclusion is made about the role of the USSR in the diversification of Sudan's industrial production, the restructuring of its monocultural economy and, in general, in the development and strengthening of the state sector of the country's economy.

Модель контролю та оцінки ризику зовнішньоекономічної безпеки національних економік в умовах світових криз

The aim of the research work is to form a model of control and risk assessment of foreign economic security (FES) of national economies in the conditions of global crises. Its implementation will make it possible to take into account the likely future threats of FES in time and introduce effective mechanisms for their extinguishing or reduction in the present time to form an optimal trajectory for the development of foreign economic relations. The article substantiates that as the forecast values of FES indicators for the formation of a model of control and risk assessment of FES of national economies, it is advisable to include the following indicators: the level of openness of the economy; import export coverage ratio; growth rates of exports and imports; the share of imports in domestic consumption of the country; level of unemployment. As a method of forecasting the FES indicators, it is proposed to use a consensus forecast based on the principle of calculating the median values of indicators based on expert assessments by macroeconomic analysis and forecasting specialists. The practical implementation of the model of control and risk assessment of the FES of national economies was carried out on the example of the Ukrainian economy as one that is subject to the strong influence of crisis phenomena that cause a complex of threats to the FES. The projected level of FES risk for Ukraine according to a pessimistic and probable estimate is dangerously high, according to an optimistic one – high. This means the presence of a destabilizing negative impact of the crisis occurrences on the foreign economic activity of the national economy and a significant decrease in its functionality. To ensure the proper level of the FES of Ukraine in the context of crisis, it is necessary to: improve the regulatory framework by introducing a mandatory norm for calculating the FES index annually along with the forecast value of the risk level; introduction of mechanisms to increase Ukraine's role in the world trade system through the development of high-tech sectors of the economy, in particular through attracting international investment; search for new opportunities for foreign trade cooperation and development of the internal market.

A new perspective on the development of foreign economic relations in modern integration processes

A new perspective on the development of foreign economic relations in modern integration processes

INTERNATIONAL TOURIST EXCHANGE FOR BUSINESS PURPOSES AS A TYPE OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS

Introduction. The relevance of the work is predetermined by the need to develop a strategy for the development of business tourism in Ukraine, taking into account the trends in the world centers of business tourism and optimizing the ways of our country's entry into the global space of business tourism. This is all the more important because in the leading tourist regions of the world, business tourism has a high profitability and often plays a significant role in the budgets of states, including economically highly developed ones. Methods. The methodological base of the study of the practice of conducting business and foreign economics and geographers and economics in the geography of world statehood, world economy and national studies. General scientific and special methods are used in the work: comparative, systematic analysis; statistical analysis - in the study of trends and dynamics of the development of the global market of tourist services; methods of observation, analysis and synthesis, evaluation – when determining the dynamics of the development of segments of international tourist services in the context of dimensions of sustainable development; methods of comparison, qualitative assessment. Results. The basic concepts of the system of business tourism are considered and the directions of its organization are analysed. The economic, social and cultural factors influencing the development of business international tourism are listed. The study shows that the spatial structure of business tourism reveals a similar three-tier hierarchical structure. This commonality is predetermined by the closest relationships between business tourism and the general system of international tourism and the system of the world economy as a whole. At the same time, business tourism is not only their component, but also a function (and indicator) of their structure and development dynamics. Discussion. The introduction of the main provisions of leading scientists will enhance the competitiveness of domestic firms specializing in the organization of business tourism, as well as the infrastructure serving it, to increase the validity of management decisions in the field of business tourism and related industries; will contribute to the formation of relations in the domestic market of business tourism within the framework of international standards. The above recommendations can be put into practice by creating a state program for the development and support of business tourism in the country. However, the problems of the impact of international tourism on the sustainable development of foreign economic relations of countries require further research on the basis of modern theoretical and methodical approaches to the latest imperatives of social and economic development. Keywords: international tourism, business tourism, new economic relations, crisis phenomena in the sphere of business tourism.

Features of the functioning of duty free and tax free areas in Ukraine and the European Union

Introduction. In the current conditions of the development of foreign economic relations in Ukraine, the activity of duty-free shops is of particular importance. However, at the moment, the peculiarities of the activity of duty-free shops are practically not covered in the regulatory acts of Ukraine. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the activity of duty free and tax free in Ukraine, to identify problematic aspects and to propose specific directions for solving the problem. Results. The special status of duty-free shops is not directly established either by the Treaties on the EU or the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU, nor by the consolidated Customs Code of the EU member states. In EU duty-free shops, the "tax-free" system operates, which differs precisely in that the goods are not exempt from VAT for EU citizens, but at the same time, non-EU citizens are provided with the possibility of receiving a refund of the value of the added tax the value for which the customs declaration is filled out. Such a system is connected with the fact that the EU actually has no borders. Ukraine is the only European country where there is no tax-free option for tourists. Conclusion. According to the results of the research, it is worth emphasizing that it is necessary to introduce automatic and transparent VAT refund procedures, as in the EU countries, to introduce new provisions to the Tax Code of Ukraine, which will provide for and describe in detail the features of VAT calculation when supplying goods to duty-free shops trade, it is also important to get rid of smuggling. It is necessary to conduct negotiations to improve the existing free trade agreements between Ukraine and the EU, including to settle the issue of the rules of origin of goods.

Analysis of the dynamics of foreign economic activity of Russian industrial companies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

The article analyzes the changes that have occurred in the dynamics of the volume, composition and structure of foreign economic activity of Russian industrial companies during the spread of coronavirus infection (COVID-19), which caused a serious crisis in the global economy. The study showed that during the covid restrictions, Russia's export volumes decreased significantly, but import volumes did not show sharp fluctuations. The study of the structure of Russian exports showed that mineral resources remained the main commodity position during the pandemic, but their share has significantly decreased. The structure of Russia's imports, according to the study, practically did not change during the crisis due to the pandemic, and in 2021 its volumes increased significantly. The author's forecast assessment of the dynamics of foreign economic activity of Russian industrial companies up to 2030 is presented, which showed the heterogeneity of the development of foreign economic relations of the country with other states in subsequent periods. However, if Russia's trade cooperation is established, it is possible to achieve high growth rates of foreign economic activity of Russian industrial companies.

Statistical Analysis of the Patterns of Global Investment Development in China

The purpose of the study is to assess the possible impact of patterns and trends in the development of foreign investment activity of China on the prospects of Russian-Chinese economic cooperation in this area, including in terms of support for the Russian energy sector. The relevance of the study is due to the growing influence of the People’s Republic of China in solving global economic and political issues, as well as the importance of its role as a strategic partner of the Russian Federation, which makes it necessary to assess future prospects.The research methods are methods of analyzing time series, including identifying trends, as well as assessing the structure and structural shifts to obtain an overall picture of the structural transformations of foreign direct investment of China in regional and sectoral sections.The results of the study. Chinese foreign direct investment in the last two decades has been characterized by an intensive growth in volumes, resistant to global economic crises; analysis of their geographical structure demonstrates the constancy of such a feature as maximizing the opportunities of global offshore zones and countries granting privileges to foreign investors; the sectoral structure of Chinese foreign direct investment has certain patterns of change that are consistent with the goals and objectives of economic development of China set by five-year plans, which makes it possible to predict and find solutions in the field of Russian-Chinese cooperation; a trend has been identified to increase the attention of Chinese investors to the issue of capital formation in the Russian economy. In addition, an assessment of the analytical capabilities provided to users by the official statistics of China in terms of information about investment processes is given.Conclusion. Statistical analysis of the indicators of foreign investment activity of China over a long period of time allows us to evaluate and characterize its strategic behavior as one of the world’s largest investors, focused primarily on solving the problems of developing its own economy and its global expansion in the long term. The significance of such studies will now increase, given the importance of the development of foreign economic relations with China for the Russian Federation based on the increased potential of interaction between the two countries in recent years.

Development of methods for formation of infrastructure of transport units for maintenance of transit and export freight flows

Coordinated development of foreign economic relations and increase in international trade are the main factors of successful socio-economic growth of the state. And in order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic products on the world market, the primary factors are the intensification of innovative activities of production structures and the optimal use of national resources. The object of research is the processes of forming the infrastructure of customs and logistics systems, taking into account the assessment of the competitiveness of transport services. These results depend on the resource provision of the processes of servicing import-export and transit cargo flows. In the course of the research carried out in the work, the following methods were used: the method of factor analysis of the use of transport systems infrastructure; mathematical apparatus of decision theory; methods of simulation modeling of development of integration processes for calculations of integrated indicators. Regularities of the organization of foreign trade deliveries of transit and export cargoes as a basis for creation of effective system of management of customs and logistic processes are defined and the methodology of qualitative transport service on an example of grain cargo flows is developed. A method of forming the infrastructure of transport hubs for servicing cargo flows on the basis of economic analysis of the development of integration processes in the form of interaction of structural elements of production systems and their relationships. The performed work provided an opportunity to develop a model of intensive use of existing and promising infrastructure of transport systems and to conduct multivariate calculations to determine the amount of resources for the organization of foreign trade supplies on the basis of demand. The study is aimed at gaining new knowledge about the patterns of improving the efficiency of customs and logistics services for foreign trade flows in international production structures. In the course of the research the approbation of the developed methodology for the formation and optimization of the infrastructure of transport hubs in the management systems of international production processes was carried out.

Транскордонне співробітництво сільських територій у контексті конвергенційно-інтеграційних процесів

The article discloses the importance of cross-border cooperation of Ukrainian rural areas in the context of convergence-integration processes in Ukraine in the context of the European vector of development of foreign economic relations. The regulatory framework and peculiarities of such cooperation are analyzed on the example of Zakarpatska Oblast. The means of increasing the efficiency of cooperation in order to deepen and develop the cross-border economic ties are proposed. Modern European countries are in a state of constant integration changes due to globalization and great interdependence, especially in the economic sense. Thus, cross-border cooperation is an important component of convergence processes, which largely shapes the agenda of European integration of our country. Ukraine has significant potential in the agricultural sector, cooperation with European neighbors in rural areas and agricultural districts deserves attention and a detailed study. In addition, a qualitatively new cross-border zone with the Member States of the European Union is being formed. Therefore, it is considered expedient to research the processes of interpenetration and integration of Ukrainian rural areas next to the State border. Recently, Ukraine has been distributing and implementing initiatives and projects aimed at strengthening Ukraine’s relations with neighboring countries, in particular with the European Union. To promote such cooperation in the border areas, the formation of appropriate infrastructure has begun, which is an important element for the successful implementation of the planned projects. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union provides for a wide range of opportunities for the modernization of regional policy, the implementation of cross-border cooperation and the development of rural areas. At the same time, the integration and convergence of border rural areas is the key to strengthening trade, economic and other relations between the countries.

К ВОПРОСУ О ПРАВОВОЙ СУЩНОСТИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ИНТЕГРАЦИОННЫХ ОБЪЕДИНЕНИЙ

This article deals with the problem of defining the legal nature of integration associations, mainly regional, as well as with the issue of revealing their major role in world affairs. Notably, it is possible to clarify the legal essence of these entities if their individual features distinguishing integration associations from the existing form of interstate cooperation, in particular international organizations, are known. Of special interest are the characteristics of such regional integration associations that are based on larger associations, such as the Eurasian Economic Union, a trade agreement between several post-Soviet states, and the European Union, a political and economic association of European states. The relations of an international character developing during the interstate cooperation within the framework of regional integration associations were described with the help of the comparative and analytical methods. A comprehensive legal definition of the concept of regional integration associations was provided based on their unique features. The latter were analyzed in detail. The considered forms of interstate cooperation were compared with international organizations. The results obtained show that an integration association is a special form of interstate cooperation of a regional nature, which is aimed at the development of foreign economic relations between member states.