Development Of Agricultural Enterprises Research Articles

Assessment of factors for forming the financial potential of agricultural production of the national economy

The article deals with the evaluation of agricultural production and the national economy's financial facilities development, with emphasis on its financial assurance key figures. The peculiarities of agricultural production financial facility development and the improvement of regional agricultural enterprises' financial assurance have been defined. The peculiarities of financial resource use in modern conditions have been analyzed. The control of the financial resources helped determine the forecast value of agricultural production financial facilities. The aim of the article is to define the factors of agricultural production financial facilities, which are taken as the basis of macroeconomic analysis, and explain the characteristics of the region's agricultural enterprise development in Ukraine’s agroclimatic zones. Agricultural production may have an efficient development due to the commensurability and equation of the real and potential volume of financial resources, which assure financial facilities and play an important role in the stability of agricultural activity. At the same time, the dynamism of the market environment almost always causes a change in agricultural production conditions. Distribution and redistribution of income and financial resources between agricultural market entities influences the volume of agricultural enterprises' financial resources and determines the conditions of their access to cheap financial loans. On the one hand, the vectorial retargeting of the financial system towards a favorable financial environment assurance contributes to the reasonableness of problem solving of agricultural production financial facilities in this manner.On the other hand, it is caused by the improvement of agricultural enterprises' business functions and financial components, which are adjusted to external environmental realities. Discharged funds from the state budget financial flow and the banking sector will allow for the formation of financial facilities and potential sources for the development of agricultural enterprises, subject to the improvement of the legal framework in the following direction and the state control scheme of agricultural production finance and credit assurance. The complexity of the category "financial facilities" shows that it should be reviewed as the ability to transform financial resources into the real factor of agricultural production development. Financial facilities can be used to estimate the rate of profitability in the critical range, save money, and possibly establish a degree of separation between the activity spheres of agricultural enterprises. Considering the importance of bank crediting and state financial support as factors in the development of regional financial facilities, it is reasonable to consider their overall influence on earning capacity, which corresponds to the critical level of agricultural production financial facilities. Commensurability: The establishment of all elements and components of financial facilities and the use of their possibilities will assure the equating of nationwide, sectoral, and private interests for economic development and the activation of long-term investment activity.

Current state and trends of developing agricultural land use in Ukraine

Agricultural use is one of the largest and traditionally developed branches of the economy of Ukraine, which uses agricultural land to obtain an economic result. Agricultural segment of economic activity provides not only domestic needs with high-quality, affordable food, but also plays a decisive role in solving the global food problem, exporting the lion’s share of agricultural products to the countries of the world. It ensures not only the profitability of the industry, but also fulfills a humanitarian function in the world economy, counteracting the trends of food shortages and the threat of famine. It is land resources of high quality that are the traditional support for the country’s development and position itself on the world market, and must be used with due efficiency, ensuring the stability of agricultural production. The article analyzes the current state and main trends in the use of agricultural land. Most of the territory of Ukraine is occupied by agricultural lands, according to the State Geocadastre data, they make up 49% of all lands of Ukraine. The majority of agricultural land is arable land — 79% of the total amount of agricultural land, it is these lands that play a significant role in the economy of Ukraine, as they are the food base for the production of agricultural products. The degree of land degradation is the highest in Europe and the world, which encourages the search for new ways of developing the agricultural sector and increasing the intensity and efficiency of land resource use. With the implementation of measures to protect and preserve the quality of land, greening and implementation of organic agricultural production, which is a qualitative step in the development of the agricultural industry. The results of the study indicate positive changes in the use of agricultural land, the production of agricultural products, the development of lease relationships and the social sphere. The analysis of the development of agricultural enterprises and farms showed a tendency towards consolidation of land use areas and monopolization of production by agricultural holding companies. The authors researched the trends in the development of agricultural land use, and determined its main features.

STRATEGIC MEASURES TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET

The publication is aimed at researching the state of competitiveness of domestic products of the agrarian sector of production on the international market and, on this basis, substantiating directions for increasing its competitiveness at various levels of influence with the selection of strategic decisions and the necessary conditions for their adoption. The importance of the selected research topic is also confirmed by the opinion of scientists regarding the consequences of an unsatisfactory level of competitiveness of domestic agricultural products on the situation of the domestic market. In the process of revealing the topic, attention was paid to the issues of the essence of the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, the main basic premise – soil fertility, as well as the state and trends of the export of agricultural products on the international market. It was determined that such agricultural products as vegetables, fruits, berries and melons remain almost inactive in international trade, although their cultivation in Ukraine is quite successful. The prospect of such a direction is the trend of the population transitioning to a healthy diet and the statements of doctors about the benefits of year-round consumption of berries and vegetables, which is a stimulating factor in the growth of demand both in our country and in Europe. The expediency of intensifying the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in order to increase their competitive positions on the basis of high product quality and the possibility of painlessly adjusting the sales price on both domestic and foreign markets has been proven. Directions for increasing the competitiveness of the agricultural sector of Ukraine on the international market are proposed, with the selection of strategic measures at the state level of management of agro-industrial production and the level of agricultural commodity producers. The steady growth of the world market of agricultural products and products of their processing in recent decades determines promising directions for the development of agricultural enterprises and creates conditions for increasing the export of products. The main factors in the formation of competitive advantages are favorable natural, climatic and geographical conditions for the production of products, the availability of conditions for ensuring high quality and environmental safety, convenient logistical transport location, etc.

Conceptual bases of agricultural enterprises development

The subject of scientifc research is the scientifc and practical principles of development of various types of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual directions of production in small, medium and large agricultural enterprises in the war and postwar period. The data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, regulatory acts of Ukraine and the scientifc research (abstract-logical, system approach, monographic, statistical-economic method) were used. Based on the retrospective analysis of agricultural enterprises production efciency, the key areas of economic activity of large, medium and small agricultural enterprises are identifed. In the conditions of wartime and the further postwar period, when a signifcant decline in investment activity is expected, agricultural production will be oriented towards more labor-intensive and less capital-intensive types of agribusiness, in particular in small and medium agricultural enterprises. In agricultural enterprises there is a different share of working capital in the total value of assets. In small enterprises, the capital structure is dominated by working capital, while in large – fxed capital and capital security is 3-4 times higher than in other types of enterprises in the branch. Based on this, in a state of war and the risk of capital investment in the industry, the most economically advantageous is the situation in small and medium enterprises, where the best rates of return on investment and rates of return. It is proved that for large agricultural enterprises it is necessary to determine the economic vectors of their development in the short and medium term. In particular, to diversify agribusiness and combine the development of crop and livestock production, to diversify sales channels to the external food market, and to focus on the domestic consumer market. Also, these companies need to pay attention to the production of biofuels, other energy resources and more. Based on the analysis of capital investment in various types of agricultural enterprises, the directions of investment in agricultural machinery and equipment are substantiated (they can be moved quickly in case of the military front approach). Such investment and reproduction processes can be traced in small and medium enterprises, in contrast to large enterprises, which have invested a lot in the construction of production and logistics facilities. Small, medium and large forms of entrepreneurship in agribusiness should take their place in the economy of rural areas. The study has generalized the conceptual directions – strategic landmarks of social and economic development of various types of agricultural enterprises for the future period are. Key words: entrepreneurship, agricultural enterprise, farming, food security, employment, economic efciency, capital investments.

Analytical tools in the financial management system of agro-industrial enterprises

Subject. This article deals with the issues of development of agricultural enterprises and ensuring food security of Russia. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the financial condition of comparable enterprises of the cereal-processing industry in various regions of the Volga (Privolzhsky) Federal District. Methods. For the study, we used a financial analysis. Results. Based on a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of asset management and sources of financing of leading enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Volga Federal District, the article formulates recommendations for improving the efficiency of their financial policies. Conclusions. The particularities of the formation of sources of financing and the structure of property affect the financial results of the enterprise.

Improving of ecological and economic management of land resources by with zonal aspect

Introduction. The development of land relations in Ukraine has led to changes in land management. The redistribution of land as the main national wealth of our state have exacerbated the economic and environmental problems of agricultural land use. Ukrainian agricultural producers must to ensure effective competition, production of environmentally friendly products, focus on the world market and determine the need to improve environmental and economic management of land resources. The purpose of article. The purpose of the study is the theoretical and methodological justification of ecological and economic management of land resources in the structure of zonal approaches to the formation and development of agricultural enterprises and the development of practical recommendations for improving the efficiency of land use by agricultural producers. Methods. The research used scientific and methodological foundations of natural-agricultural zoning of the territory of Ukraine, the allocation of taxonomic units of zoning and their main characteristics. Results of work. The scientific novelty of the obtained results concerns the improvement of ecological and economic management of land resources of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of zoning, taking into account the potential of agricultural areas. Economic and ecological management of land resources of agricultural enterprises should be considered as an activity in agricultural production aimed at providing the population with food and other sectors of the national economy with raw materials at the optimal level of investment in resources and their maximum return in compliance with environmental goals and programs. Agricultural zoning as a branch in the agricultural sector of the economy is highlighted, its component structure is revealed. The agrarian zone includes homogeneous land massifs with the corresponding production potential and level of ecological and anthropogenic loading and allows public administration bodies to be defined with potential possibilities of production activity of the agrarian enterprises. Within the Sumy region, four agricultural zones were identified, and in the Kharkiv region, three. Depending on the affiliation of land use to the agrarian zone, the agricultural enterprise receives information on zoning crops most suitable for cultivation on its territory, types of crop rotations, technological measures for land use and protection, restrictions on growing certain crops. Economic indicators of enterprise development, such as specialization, concentration and integration of production, with skillful application will help increase the efficiency of land use. Socio-economic classification features of agricultural zoning will determine the level of labor efficiency and the integration of labor. To economically justify the coefficients of the optimal ratio of land using a zonal approach and to take into account the area of eroded, unproductive and contaminated land located in the administrative-territorial units, the optimal ratio of land was determined (arable land: natural forage lands: forests and other forests): in the Sumy region: 1.00: 0.43: 0.39; in the Kharkiv region: 1.00: 0.23: 0.25. When introducing research into production, we take into account that ecological zoning restricts the cultivation of certain crops, taking into account local characteristics.

FINANCIAL MECHANISMS OF INFLUENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY

The article deals with the impact of financial mechanisms on the development of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy, formed on the basis of economic and financial policies of the state, the effectiveness of which can have a positive impact on the efficiency of individual enterprises and overall the development of agriculture. The author’s vision of the possibility of financial mechanisms for the development of agricultural enterprises is substantiated, it is described the influence of effective financial mechanisms that most contribute to financial security and regulation as the basis for increasing the financial potential of agricultural enterprises (state financial support mechanism, bank lending mechanism and insurance protection mechanism). Conclusions are made that the multiplicity of the relationship between the individual components of financial mechanisms, in its next reflection of the specifics of financial security and financial regulation of processes in agro-industrial production, determines the nature of interaction between the enterprise and the external environment and manages the finances of the agricultural sector. The problems of the existing financial mechanisms and external and internal factors of their influence on the efficiency of development of agricultural enterprises are highlighted. The directions of improvement of financial maintenance of limited accesses of the enterprises of agrarian sector through the use of non-traditional mechanisms of crediting and development of an infrastructure of guarantee funds as establishments of credit support of agrarian sector are offered. The complex combination of various financial mechanisms with appropriate tools and effective levers influencing the development of enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine creates conditions for stable and efficient agribusiness in an effective competitive environment,including the interests of enterprises and the state.

BUSINESS MODELS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE

In the context of growing demand for food, environmental pollution and the need to save resources, the circular economy model is becoming relevant to support Ukraine’s agriculture. However, the concept is not yet fully adapted to the needs of the agricultural sector of the economy. The aim of the study is to structure information on existing agricultural business models based on the principles of sustainable development, followed by the identification of circular business models and to identify the most likely cross-links between micromodel units and macromechanism elements. Achieving of the realization of Sustainable Development Goals is based on a balanced combination of the introduction of advanced technologies, interest in investing in sustainable practices and encouraging economic patriotism. Based on the best practices of the business models implementation both in Ukraine and abroad, the study reviews approaches to model classification, establishes the relationship between elements of the state and market mechanisms of sustainable development of agricultural enterprises with individual blocks of the circular business model and identifies expected benefits associated with the implementation of the principles of a circular economy based on the triple bottom line of sustainability (ie economic, environmental and social). Cases of using sustainable practices in the activities of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises in the areas of production of organic products, feed, production of alternative energy sources – biogas, bioethanol, etc. are analyzed, together with the opportunities for digitization and organization of work on the principle of joint use. The advantages of the circular business model, as opposed to linear, are a combination of three dimensions of sustainability, value creation for all stakeholders, not just owners, and the formation of a systemic perspective through the development of economic, social and environmental relationships to form a new sustainable environment.

The Impact of Financial Development on Agricultural Enterprises in Central China Based on Vector Autoregressive Model

China is a large developing country, and there is no doubt that it is a large developing agricultural country. Agriculture has played a vital role in the development of the national economy since ancient times, and it serves as the foundation of China’s national economy. As agricultural modernization is the fundamental way of agricultural development, its source of funds must come from rural finance. The financial support of rural finance for agricultural modernization is the material basis and prerequisite for ensuring the healthy and rapid development of agricultural modernization. If there is no financial support from rural finance, the process of agricultural modernization will be hindered, and it will not benefit our country’s socialist modernization. Although our country’s rural financial system has been constantly changing and improving, our country’s current financial system still has many shortcomings and defects. In the process of supporting agriculture, rural finance has insufficient capital supply, which has become a “bottleneck” in the development of agricultural modernization, and to a certain extent has severely restricted the development of agricultural modernization. On the basis of existing literature research, this article systematically studies the influence of rural financial market structure on the development of agricultural enterprises in central China. The content includes agricultural total factor productivity and agricultural emission reduction. When analyzing the impact of rural financial market structure on agricultural development, this article also pays attention to its specific impact on agricultural development under the conditions of different types of enterprises.

The Digitalization Effectiveness as an Innovative Factor Development of the Agriculture in Azerbaijan

The purpose of this paper is to systematize and justify the factors for the effective implementation of digitalization to ensure the innovative development of agriculture in Azerbaijan. Based on the survey completed by 1,513 senior managers of agricultural enterprises in Azerbaijan, the key factors and barriers to digitalization of agriculture were substantiated: the cost of introducing and using digital technologies, unregulated legislative processes of digitalization of the industry, and the level of cybersecurity. The levels of development of digitalization of the country's agricultural sector have been determined and empirically substantiated the qualitative nature of the influence of digitalization factors on the innovative development of agricultural enterprises using the regression modeling method. The results obtained can help develop a state strategy for enhancing the digitalization of the country's agricultural sector to ensure its innovative development, food security, and diversifying the economy.

METHODICAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The article is dedicated to the investigation of theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the innovation potential of agricultural enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy, as well as substantiating the relevance of assessing the level of innovative development of agricultural enterprises. The article systematizes and summarizes the existing experience of methods and approaches to assessing the innovation potential of agricultural enterprises, highlights their key characteristics, and provides examples of calculation mechanisms. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods and approaches are identified. For example, a comprehensive approach that includes several indicators: innovation competencies, innovation capabilities, resources, and projects; consideration of various aspects of innovation: the method includes the assessment of various aspects of innovation potential, such as employee competencies, resource availability, ability for innovation activities, and innovative projects; adaptability: the method can be adapted to the specific needs of assessing the innovation potential of enterprises of different sizes and specificities in the agri-food sector. Among the disadvantages, we can mention subjectivity, as the assessment of competencies, capabilities, and resources can be based on the opinions and thoughts of experts; lack of a unified methodology: different methods and approaches may be used in the research, which can lead to discrepancies in the results of assessment and comparison of different enterprises; limitations of data: the assessment is based on available data, which can be limited or incomplete, and the absence of certain information may affect the accuracy of the assessment; dynamics of changes: it can be complex due to the dynamics of changes in the business environment and the speed of innovation development; contextuality: the assessment may depend on various factors, such as regional peculiarities, market conditions, competitiveness, and others. Based on this research, an improved method for evaluating the innovation potential of agri-food sector enterprises is proposed.

Особливості управління інвестиційно-інноваційною діяльністю в сільському господарстві України

Abstract. Introduction. Successful functioning of the agricultural enterprise in modern conditions of fast change of needs of consumers and aggravation of competition is impossible without creation effective measures for improvement of qualitative indicators of production, modernization and expansion of manufacture, development of new directions and spheres of activity and also need to plan investment and innovation activities at the enterprise. After all, the chosen innovation and investment strategy is the main tool in achieving economic development and ensuring the competitiveness of entrepreneurial activity, which is why investment and innovation activities need to pay considerable attention to enterprises that operate in market conditions. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess investment and innovation activities in agriculture, identify existing problems in this area of the economy and justify ways to intensify investment processes in agricultural production. Results. The experience of many countries with market economies shows the importance of expanding investment support, innovation of economic structures. At present, Ukraine needs to pay more attention to the creation and implementation of promising investment programs to support the innovative development of all sectors of the economy. This will allow the country to increase the competitiveness of its own production and expand the list of technological opportunities in agriculture. In order to increase the efficiency of management at agricultural enterprises and revive the industry, it is necessary to promote the attraction of domestic and foreign investments in the development of agriculture and agro-industrial complex of the country. Conclusions. In determining the innovation and investment strategy for the development of agricultural enterprises in the near future should focus on ensuring and maintaining existing production capacity, creating innovation and investment projects that quickly recoup the investment in production processes, while ensuring the production of competitive products. The key to the implementation of investment activities of agricultural enterprises is also: completion of agricultural land reform aimed at forming a transparent circulation of agricultural land, providing state guarantees of protection to potential investors in agribusiness and socio-economic projects within the revival and development of rural areas.

ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL PROBLEMS OF BANK LENDING TO AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the article is to study the problems of implementing the credit mechanism in the agrarian sector, the rationale for the need to increase the amount of lending to the agro-industrial complex and the analysis of existing studies of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. The issue of solving the problems of lending to the agro-industrial sector in the modern scientific literature is not addressed enough. In light of this, the above-mentioned issues require further comprehensive research in order to identify effective ways to solve the existing problems. Problem statement. The task of the research is to: study the current state of bank lending in the country, analyze the state of accounting and financial support for lending to agro-industrial enterprises and determine the prospects for the development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine; analyze the shortcomings and formulate the main trends of these enterprises. As a result of the research to investigate the accounting and financial problems of lending to agricultural enterprises, to highlight in detail their main problems and features. Methodology. The analysis of the activities of agricultural enterprises and the peculiarities of its management. The issues of formation and functioning of farms, as well as document management and business administration in these farms are debatable. Results. According to the research, accounting and financial problems and possible prospects for lending in the agricultural sector of Ukraine were analyzed. As a result of the study, we have analyzed the state, problems and possible prospects of lending in the agrarian sphere of Ukraine. The features of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, the state and trends of development, as well as the modern conditions of bank lending to agricultural enterprises are analyzed. The need for the state support in providing this industry with affordable long-term lending resources and the introduction of preferential credit mechanisms for agricultural commodity producers is determined. Practical implications. Peculiarities of credit relations of agro-industrial enterprises with commercial banks are revealed, their state and development tendencies are analyzed, as well as modern conditions of bank crediting of agrarian enterprises. They develop the real economy, expand employment opportunities and promote competition. The necessity of intensifying the development of agro-industrial enterprises, which is an important task of the state, has been proved. The solution of accounting and financial problems of bank lending to agro-industrial enterprises in Ukraine should be based on the introduction of European experience, which will contribute to the creation of a modern market economy with social justice. Lending to agricultural enterprises by commercial banks is currently quite complicated, and sometimes even impossible. The reasons are low profitability, return on capital employed and liquidity of the property. At present, farmers are considering alternative options for the replenishment of working capital. Therefore, the avalisation of bills and agrarian receipts may be used as an alternative to bank lending to meet the needs for the crop protection agents, fertilizers and planting material. These methods make it possible to obtain a delay in payment for the acquired resources or financial resources for the acquisition of working capital in the provision of agricultural enterprises with future harvest. The formation of strategic directions of creditor activity of banking institutions of Ukraine is considered on the example of activity of JSB "UKRGASBANK". The article pays attention to the issues of credit insurance in order to protect the interests of banking institutions and improve the formation of directions for solving the problems of bank lending to agricultural enterprises. Value/originality. The need for state support in providing agricultural enterprises with affordable long-term loans and the introduction of mechanisms for targeted lending to agricultural producers, which is possible only through a balanced government policy of comprehensive support for this sector of the economy. The directions of the decision of problems of bank crediting of the agricultural enterprises are offered. The improvement of legislation on the agrarian policy, the regulation of lending operations, the rational distribution of funds, their effective use and timely repayment of debt, and the corresponding policy of the state could remedy the situation.

Review of the Monograph of S.I. Strapchuk “Sustainable Development of Agricultural Enterprises on the principles of a Circular Economy”

Review of the Monograph of S.I. Strapchuk “Sustainable Development of Agricultural Enterprises on the principles of a Circular Economy”

AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the implementation of the strategy for the development of an agricultural enterprise. The development and implementation of a strategy for the development of a modern agricultural enterprise is a tool for ensuring long-term development. The peculiarities of agricultural production, the lack of adapted methods for assessing the types of their development lead to the practical application of development strategies only by a small number of enterprises, while the latter prefer situational management, which makes it possible to maintain a market position only in the short- and medium-term perspective. Strategies for the development of a modern agricultural enterprise must take into account the use of resource and system approaches; focus attention on the entrepreneurial aspect, comprehensive coordination of the content, process and context of strategies for the development of agricultural enterprises. The definition of the concept of “enterprise strategy” is considered. The work of the enterprise “Agrotrade-2000” was analyzed, an assessment of external factors and the potential of internal resources, its weaknesses and strengths was carried out, the mission and vectors of development were determined, which serves as a basis for determining the strategic goals and objectives of the agricultural enterprise. The stages of formation of the development strategy of an agrarian enterprise have been studied. When developing strategic decisions, options for developed strategies are evaluated, as well as the most effective strategy is selected. In the case of significant changes in external factors that directly affect the activity of an agricultural enterprise, as well as changes in its internal potential that prevent the implementation of a pre-planned strategy, strategic changes are adjusted at the necessary stages of its implementation. Conclusions were made regarding the further strategic direction of the Agrotrade-2000 enterprise, which, in order to achieve break-even production, involves the application of a stabilization strategy, which includes the introduction and development of a strategic planning system at the enterprise. The practical application of strategic planning aims to ensure the effectiveness of the enterprise’s activities and the formation of its new competitive advantages, which involves the justification of an effective strategy for its development.

ВИКЛИКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

This study analyzes the importance of the impact of the European integration process on the development of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine, highlighting both the opportunities and challenges faced by the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the context of globalization and integration into the European economic space. The study reveals how adaptation to European standards affects product quality assurance, the introduction of modern technologies, as well as strengthening the competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The main focus is on strategic planning, the need for innovative development, environmental initiatives and the search for effective financial mechanisms for sustainable development. Currently, as part of preparations for integration into the European Union, Ukraine adopts and adapts legislation in order to comply with EU norms and standards. The identified main aspects that are regulated in this context include: 1. Product quality standards. 2. Land legislation. 3. Environmental norms. 4. Support to farmers. 5. Product safety. These changes are aimed at increasing the competitiveness of the Ukrainian agricultural sector, ensuring resistance to market challenges and protecting the interests of consumers and producers. The main challenges of the development of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of European integration are identified: 1. Compliance with EU standards. 2. Financing and investments. 3. Climate changes and their impact. 4. Technological integration. 5. Demining and security. The prospects for the development of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of European integration are also outlined: 1. Expansion of sales markets. 2. Innovations and technological development. 3. Financial support and subsidies. 4. Improvement of product quality. 5. Environmental sustainability. In general, the results of the study indicate a critical need for the modernization of internal management processes and the formation of new competencies that would allow agricultural enterprises to effectively adapt and use new opportunities to expand their markets and increase production efficiency.

СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ТА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

In the conditions of the modern economy, the importance of the competitiveness and safety of enterprises in the agricultural sector is constantly increasing. The necessity to saturate the market with domestically produced agricultural products, increase its quality level and expand the assortment is becoming more and more important. The article is devoted to an overview of the theoretical essence of the definition "competitiveness of an agricultural enterprise". The importance of studying issues of enterprise competitiveness is emphasized. It is noted that the peculiarities of the activity and development of enterprises in the agrarian sphere require further study of issues related to the management of the competitiveness of the enterprise. The essence of the economic category of managing the competitiveness of an agricultural enterprise has been studied. It was noted that the interpretation of the category of the concept of "competitiveness of an agricultural enterprise" is complex and requires further study and research. Attention is paid to the main structural elements of managing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. It is noted that the competitive environment of agricultural enterprises consists of five elements. Special attention is paid to economic security, which is a guarantee of stable and truly effective activity of the enterprise on the market. It was established that the economic security and efficiency of the enterprise largely depend on the management of the enterprise as a whole, including the management of its competitiveness. It is noted that the riskiness of agricultural business is associated with seasonality and low production technology, the use of natural resources, the low elasticity of demand for agricultural products and their ability to quickly deteriorate, natural and climatic factors, and the use of land as the main means of production. It is emphasized that the formation of the competitiveness management system creates favorable conditions for the effective operation and development of agricultural enterprises, and compliance with safety requirements will allow to protect them from the destructive effects of the internal and external environment.

НАПРЯМИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ КОМПЛЕКСУ МАРКЕТИНГУ АГРАРНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

The article summarizes the main components of an effective marketing complex and suggests directions for its improvement for agricultural enterprises, taking into account modern conditions of agribusiness. It was established that the effectiveness of the marketing complex depends on marketing tools, marketing management, and the optimal marketing budget. The development of the marketing complex for each agricultural enterprise is carried out individually and has its own specific characteristics. Among the important and priority factors of effective development of agricultural enterprises, effective marketing policy of distribution and its purposeful development are highlighted. This is explained by a significant increase in competition on the agricultural product sales markets, which leads to an increase in the costs of the enterprise’s production activities, and increases the demands of consumers and clients regarding quality service and timely delivery of goods to the consumer. The presence of an effective marketing management system in agricultural enterprises will contribute to their innovative development and create an effective mechanism for the implementation of elements of the marketing complex, which is developed for a specific enterprise. The concept proposed by us allows you to combine the solution of individual tasks and mechanisms of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production into a single strategy for the development of enterprises in the agrarian sector of the economy, to successfully combine the use of traditional methods of evaluating the economic efficiency of production and to expand the range and contribute to the improvement of the quality of the strategy due to the development of new modern methods and mechanisms and technologies, which is dictated by modern requirements for the development of Ukraine on the way to enter the European and world markets.

Diversification as a strategy of sustainable development of agricultural enterprises

Introduction. The economic expediency of the diversification of production activities is determined by its impact on the economic and financial state of the enterprise, since the result of any diversification should be the reduction of risk and the emergence of synergistic effects, especially in the field of finance, thanks to the possibility of free intra-company transfer of funds to the most dynamically developing areas of activity. The effect of diversification largely depends on the choice of directions (vertical integration, diversification based on existing types of activities, creation of conglomerates). Goal. On the basis of the generalization of the scientists' research, propose an author's approach to the development of the theoretical foundations of the strategy of diversification of the production and economic activity of agricultural enterprises. Method (methodology). The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach to the study of social processes and organizational and economic problems that arise in the activities of agricultural enterprises. The research methodology provides for the use of generally accepted provisions of economic research and the development of specific methodological approaches for in-depth study of the issues. The results. It has been established that diversification can be carried out with the aim of: strengthening the company's position on the market relative to its main competitors; timely response to changes in the economic situation; transfer of capital from traditional or low-profit industries to new knowledge-intensive and promising or highly profitable industries; equalization of industry seasonal fluctuations and risk reduction; investment of free funds. In the agrarian sphere, we have highlighted the following main areas of diversification: multidisciplinary activity of agricultural formations; increase in the share of ancillary industries and industries; mergers and acquisitions in the activities of integrated structures; expansion of non-agricultural activities in rural areas in order to increase incomes and employment of the population.

ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MILK MARKET AND MILK PRODUCTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF MARTIAL LAW IN THE COUNTRY

Purpose. The aim of the article is to assess the current state of functioning of milk market and milk products and the development of practical recommendations regarding the activation of the activities of business entities in the field of agribusiness – producers of milk and milk products in the conditions of the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. Methodology of research. During the research, general scientific and special methods of economic research were used, in particular: systemic approach − when studying the connections between phenomena and processes in the system of ensuring the economic stability of enterprises under martial law; statistical analysis − when determining the dynamics, structure and effectiveness of the development of agricultural enterprises for milk production; comparative − to compare economic processes during milk production in different time periods in order to identify cause-and-effect relationships; dialectical, abstract and logical − for theoretical generalizations and the formation of conclusions; the method of expert assessments − when determining the main factors that affect the economic sustainability of milk producers in wartime. Findings. The evaluation of the functioning of the subjects of the market of milk and milk products was carried out and the main factors that affected the functioning of agricultural producers of milk in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war were identified. It was established that in the conditions of the introduction of martial law, small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises and personal peasant farms show the greatest stability. Originality. The system of state support measures for agricultural enterprises and private peasant farms – milk producers has been improved, taking into account the conditions of the military state of the country's economy, which will ensure the population's need for dairy products and the possibility of their export. Practical value. Practical recommendations are offered for farms of the corporate sector of the agrarian economy – milk producers regarding their activities in conditions of military aggression, which will ensure the realization of their production potential. Key words: dairy farming, agricultural enterprise, personal peasant farm, processing enterprise, price, market.