Developed Method Research Articles

ХРОНОФИЗИОТЕРАПИЯ – НОВОЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ В МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ БИОФИЗИКЕ

The study is aimed at solving the issues of increasing the efficiency and safety of treatment for a wide range of diseases based on the developed chronobiological approach to managing the functional state of the body. The approach is based on the following chronobiological patterns: 1. the principle of the rhythm of biological processes in living organisms; 2. the principle of conjugation of bioprocesses and their biorhythms; 3. the principle of chrono-management of living organisms by regulating their biorhythms; 4. the phenomenon of assimilation of external rhythms by living organisms. According to the principle of rhythm, all biological processes in the body have their own biorhythms. This means that bioprocesses and their biorhythms are interdependent and obey the conjugation principle. Therefore, in case of a disease, a violation of bioprocesses in the body is accompanied by a deviation of their biorhythms from the norm – desynchronosis. From this it follows that it is possible to treat diseases not only by pharmacotherapy methods by restoring disturbed bioprocesses, but also by chronophysiotherapy methods by correcting their biorhythms and eliminating desynchronosis. This is the principle of chrono-management of living organisms. However, at present, there is no hardware methods for the treatment of desynchrony on the therapy market. To implement this principle, based on the phenomenon of mastering external rhythms and the principle of conjugation of bioprocesses and their biorhythms, a technology of chronophysiotherapy has been developed. Chronotechnology includes a method of resynchronizing physiotherapy of biorhythms of a sick organism and a chronophysiotherapy apparatus. The frequency component of the EMF is used as an external synchronizer. The apparatus simultaneously implements two treatment functions: chronotherapy and magnetotherapy. The function of chronotherapy implements the developed method of treatment, the therapeutic factor of which is the frequency of EMF from the corresponding range of biorhythms of a healthy organism. And the function of magnetotherapy implements an auxiliary method, the therapeutic factor of which is the magnetic component of the EMF. The device has no side effects on the body and as a result of complex chronomagnetic therapy, the effectiveness of treatment on it reaches 95%.

Forecasting Limits of Feasible Organization Growth by Using Key Predictors of Organizational Transformation

The article studies methodological approach, advanced by the author, to using key predictors of organizational transformation necessary to forecast limits of feasible organization growth within the frames of the present production structure. The principle distinguishing feature of this methodological approach is the use of indicators defined by the author as key predictors of organizational transformation. This set of indicators was identified by the author through results of earlier statistical research of transformation laws of organization production structure in different sectors of economy. With the help of such indicators it is possible not only to describe the predominant type of organization production structure but also, on the basis of their quantitative values, to identify limits of corresponding level of its development. Methodological approach advanced by the author is based on statistical methods of research and gives an opportunity to forecast limits of feasible organization growth based on the earlier developed method of their production structure. Within the frames of the given methodological approach the method of statistical forecasting limits of feasible organization growth was elaborated. The use of this methodology could allow organization management to forecast in advance the moments of coming organizational transformation, which is connected with changes in production structure type and to make necessary managerial decisions.

Design and development of a novel multirotor configuration with counter-rotating coaxial propellers

In this study, a novel multirotor configuration has been developed, which utilizes a coaxial counter-rotating propeller with a large diameter at the center and four propellers with smaller diameters on four arms in an X configuration. The research pursues two main objectives. The first objective is to establish a development method for multirotors based on the well-known V-method approach in system development. The proposed method enables the design team to analyse and evaluate the multirotor at each stage of the design process, from the system to the component level, and improve the design with greater speed and accuracy. Additionally, the proposed approach can be integrated with various optimization methods, if necessary, to achieve an optimal design. The second objective is to provide the proof-of-concept of the novel multirotor configuration. This objective is pursued across different evaluation sections, from evaluating individual components to fully evaluating the multirotor, to assess the performance of this novel configuration and identify its advantages and disadvantages. The results of various evaluations demonstrate the proposed development process's practicality and proves that the novel configuration is operational and competitive with conventional multirotors in various applications.

Enhancing the efficiency of polypyrrole-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid in-tube solid-phase microextraction coating for analysis of nitrogen-containing pesticides in water environments

Background: With the growing use of nitrogen-containing pesticides in agriculture, their residues in the environment have raised significant public health concerns.Objective: This study aimed to develop a novel PPy-DBSA/IT-SPME coating to enhance the detection efficiency of polar nitrogen-containing pesticides in water matrices.Methods: The preparation conditions were optimized, including pyrrole concentration at 7.0 mol/L, DBSA concentration at 0.014 mol/L, oxidant concentration at 0.35 mol/L, and a coating cycle repeated 10 times. High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was employed for detection.Results: The novel coating effectively adsorbed 19 different categories of polar nitrogen-containing pesticides, including sulfonylureas, triazolopyrimidines, diphenyl ether herbicides, benzoylurea insecticides, and phenylurea herbicides, with unadsorbed rates below 10%. The analytical method achieved an average recovery rate of 61.92% to 115.21%, with an RSD below 5.0%. Detection and quantification limits ranged from 0.012 to 0.524 μg/L and 0.127 to 5.243 μg/L, respectively.Conclusion: The developed method is green, efficient, simple, and cost-effective. It offers an environmentally friendly and user-friendly approach for the detection of polar nitrogen-containing pesticide residues, demonstrating good recovery and precision. This method holds potential for wide application in environmental monitoring and food safety.

DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE LUNGS IN SEXUALLY IMMATURE RATS DURING SIMULATION OF PARTIAL TRACHEAL STENOSIS

Introduction. The morphological features of the respiratory system in laryngomalacia remain insufficiently understood, particularly regarding structural, cytological, and functional alterations. The aim of this study is to investigate the morphological characteristics of the respiratory compartment in the lungs of sexually immature rats, conduct a morphometric assessment of lung tissue density, analyze the dynamics of erythrocyte mass and collagen accumulation, and identify correlations between these parameters. Materials and Methods: The study involved sexually immature male Wistar rats aged 25-28 days and weighing 40-55 g. Partial tracheal stenosis was induced in experimental animals using a developed method, restricting the tracheal lumen by 20-25%. The stenosis was maintained for 7 and 21 days in different groups. In one group, tracheal stenosis was relieved after 7 days by removing the compressive ligature. Histological, histochemical, and morphometric methods were employed to study changes in lung tissue. Results. Pathological changes in lung tissue during hypoxia were characterized by an increase in the number of different types of cells and erythrocyte mass, especially on the 21st day of the experiment and the removal of ligatures from the trachea in experimental animals. Disturbances in the microcirculation of the lung acini were manifested by a sharp increase in blood filling of the microvessels and expansion of their lumen. In this case, the process of erythrocyte penetration into the lumen of the alveoli was sometimes noted. The results of histochemical detection of collagen indicate that in the lung tissue of experimental animals there is no activation of fibrogenetic processes, which would be accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the specific density of collagen. Indicators characterizing the lung tissue (number of cells, their specific density) made it possible to evaluate the corresponding correlations. At the same time, they were not associated with the level of collagen or erythrocyte density in the studied loci of the respiratory system of experimental sexually immature rats. A significant increase in the specific density of erythrocyte mass in lung tissue did not depend on the duration of the experiment. Removal of the ligature and restoration of the tracheal lumen did not significantly affect the restoration of alveolar acini and the spectrum of identified cells. In addition, an increase in the specific density of lung tissue was observed. Conclusion. The findings of this study contribute to deeper understanding of lung damage in children with laryngomalacia and associated respiratory system ventilation impairment. The observed reactive changes in lung connective tissue and collagen synthesis during hypoxia do not necessarily indicate the development of respiratory system fibrosis. However, longer exposure to hypoxic conditions may increase the risk of fibrosis in children.

Site-Directed Electrochemical Grafting for Amplified Detection of Antibody Pharmaceuticals.

Antibody pharmaceuticals have become the most popular immunotherapeutic drugs and are often administered with low serum drug dosages. Hence, the development of a highly sensitive method for the quantitative assay of antibody levels is of great importance to individualized therapy. On the basis of the dual signal amplification by the glycan-initiated site-directed electrochemical grafting of polymer chains (glyGPC), we report herein a novel strategy for the amplified electrochemical detection of antibody pharmaceuticals. The target of interest was affinity captured by a DNA aptamer ligand, and then the glycans of antibody pharmaceuticals were decorated with the alkyl halide initiators (AHIs) via boronate cross-linking, followed by the electrochemical grafting of the ferrocenyl polymer chains from the glycans of antibody pharmaceuticals through the electrochemically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP). As the glycans can be decorated with multiple AHIs and the grafted polymer chains are composed of tens to hundreds of electroactive tags, the glyGPC-based strategy permits the dually amplified electrochemical detection of antibody pharmaceuticals. In the presence of trastuzumab (Herceptin) as the target, the glyGPC-based strategy achieved a detection limit of 71.5 pg/mL. Moreover, the developed method is highly selective, and the results of the quantitative assay of trastuzumab levels in human serum are satisfactory. Owing to its uncomplicated operation and cost-effectiveness, the glyGPC-based strategy shows great promise in the amplified electrochemical detection of antibody pharmaceuticals.

Valorisation of coal gasification slag and fly ash to mesoporous activated carbon @zeolite socony mobil-5 composite for preconcentration of pharmaceuticals and their removal

Upcycling industrial solid waste, such as coal gasification slag and fly ash, to functional adsorbents with unique structures for water decontamination is of great importance to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6.0. This study used coal gasification slag and fly ash to synthesise mesoporous activated carbon @zeolite socony mobil-5 (MAC@ZSM-5) composite. Various analytical techniques were used to investigate the surface, morphological, and structural properties of the MAC@ZSM-5 composite. The MAC@ZSM-5 composite had a relatively high specific surface and was classified as a mesoporous adsorbent. The MAC@ZSM-5 composite was used as an adsorbent in ultrasound-assisted micro solid phase extraction (UA-µSPE) for effective preconcentration and removal of aspirin (ASP), ibuprofen (IBP), and paracetamol (PCT) from water samples before determination by high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The Langmuir adsorption isotherm characterised the adsorptive removal method, while the kinetics followed a pseudo-second order type. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic, spontaneous, and chemisorption. Additionally, the UA-µSPE/HPLC-DAD method displayed a good linear range of 0.1–1000 µg/L, with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.99. The developed method had a good performance, as shown by the relatively low limits detection (LODs: 0.017–0.064 µg/L) and quantification (LOQs: 0.057–0.21 µg/L) as well as high precision (relative standard deviation (%RSD) < 5 %). The proposed method was applied successfully for preconcentration and removal of the target analytes from real water samples. The MAC@ZSM-5 composite was reusable (up to 5 cycles) and proved a promising adsorbent for effective extraction, preconcentration, and adsorptive removal of emerging contaminants from water bodies.

Determination of 13 potential anti-obesity agents in hair by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction-assisted UHPLC-MS/MS

As the adulteration of dietary supplements with synthetic drugs remains a prevalent issue, the inclusion of anti-obesity agents may pose health risks, potentially leading to central nervous system or cardiovascular diseases. However, surveillance studies on the use of anti-obesity agents by the Chinese population are limited. This study aims to establish an efficient and rapid hair pretreatment method using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with high-speed grinding and develop a sensitive and accurate analytical method employing ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for detecting 13 potential anti-obesity agents in hair samples. Herein, hair samples were washed sequentially with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), water and acetone, and then ground at high speed using 1 mL of an extraction solution (internal standard solution-n-butanol-1.2 mol/L Na2HPO4, pH10.0, 100:400:500, v/v/v for procaterol; internal standard solution-ethyl acetate-1.2 mol/L Na2HPO4, pH8.0, 100:300:600, v/v/v for other 12 anti-obesity agents) while simultaneously performing DLLME. The developed method successfully detected 13 anti-obesity agents within 11 min, including bambuterol, clenbuterol, ractopamine, clorprenaline, formoterol, salbutamol, terbutaline, procaterol, phentermine, bupropion, sibutramine, desmethyl sibutramine, and N,N-didesmethyl sibutramine, which improved the screening efficiency. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity of 0.025–5 ng/mg, achieving correlation coefficients of r ≥ 0.99. The lower limits of quantification (LLOQs) for the analytes were 0.025 ng/mg, demonstrating acceptable levels of accuracy and precision. Recovery rates ranged between 73.30% and 107.47% across the three concentrations of 0.075, 0.375, and 3.75 ng/mg. The validated method was successfully applied to 369 real cases and detected six analytes, including bambuterol, salbutamol, terbutaline, sibutramine, desmethyl sibutramine, and N,N-didesmethyl sibutramine. This method offers several advantages, including simple pretreatment, high extraction efficiency, rapid extraction, solvent economy, and pollution mitigation, making it highly suitable for large-scale surveillance of usage of added anti-obesity agents.

New RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of process yield and percentage of encapsulation of Gallein in albumin nanoparticles

A study was performed for the development and validation of a method of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for the identification and simultaneous quantification of Gallein and Human Serum Albumin (HSA). In addition, this work presents the development and physicochemical characterization of this new pharmaceutical formulation of HSA nanoparticles loaded with Gallein for potential use in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.The method was developed with the purpose of determining the performance of the synthesis process of nanoparticles and the efficiency of encapsulation of the drug in the nanosystem. The HPLC mobile phase consisted of ACN:H2O:TEA:H3PO4 (50:49.8:0.1:0.1 v/v/v) pumped at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, isocratic mode, and the measurement were carried out at 220 nm. Chromatographic runs were performed on a C18 column (150 × 4.60 mm; 5 μm size particles). The HPLC-method was validated following the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use guidelines and was used to simultaneously quantify the two components of the nanoformulation. Thus, the values obtained through the validated method were 43 % for drug encapsulation efficiency (% EE) and the synthesis performance (% yield) was 96 %.Moreover, the nanoformulation was characterized by DLS, the results showed that the average particle size was 217 nm, with a PDI of (0.085 ± 0.005) and a potential Z of −29.7 mV.Therefore, the developed method has proven useful in providing accurate simultaneous measurements of HSA and Gallein from albumin nanoparticles. It is advantageous since it is able to reduce the time and facilitate the determination of Gallein encapsulation efficiency and yield of albumin nanoparticles.

Porous Agarose Layered Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Virus RNA Monitoring in Wastewater.

The detection of virus RNA in wastewater has been established as a valuable method for monitoring Coronavirus disease 2019. Carbon nanomaterials hold potential application in separating virus RNA owing to their effective adsorption and extraction capabilities. However, carbon nanomaterials have limited separability under homogeneous aqueous conditions. Due to the stabilities in their nanostructure, it is a challenge to efficiently immobilize them onto magnetic beads for separation. Here, we develop a porous agarose layered magnetic graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite that is prepared by agglutinating ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) beads and GO with agarose into a cohesive whole. With an average porous size of approximately 500 nm, the porous structure enables the unhindered entry of virus RNA, facilitating its interaction with the surface of GO. Upon the application of a magnetic field, the nucleic acid can be separated from the solution within a few minutes, achieving adsorption efficiency and recovery rate exceeding 90% under optimized conditions. The adsorbed nucleic acid can then be preserved against complex sample matrix for 3 days, and quantitatively released for subsequent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) detection. The developed method was successfully utilized to analyze wastewater samples obtained from a wastewater treatment plant, detecting as few as 10 copies of RNA molecules per sample. The developed aMGO-RT-qPCR provides an efficient approach for monitoring viruses and will contribute to wastewater-based surveillance of community infections.

A deep learning approach to explore the association of age-related macular degeneration polygenic risk score with retinal optical coherence tomography: A preliminary study.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex eye disorder affecting millions worldwide. This article uses deep learning techniques to investigate the relationship between AMD, genetics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. The cohort consisted of 332 patients, of which 235 were diagnosed with AMD and 97 were controls with no signs of AMD. The genome-wide association studies summary statistics utilized to establish the polygenic risk score (PRS) in relation to AMD were derived from the GERA European study. A PRS estimation based on OCT volumes for both eyes was performed using a proprietary convolutional neural network (CNN) model supported by machine learning models. The method's performance was assessed using numerical evaluation metrics, and the Grad-CAM technique was used to evaluate the results by visualizing the features learned by the model. The best results were obtained with the CNN and the Extra Tree regressor (MAE = 0.55, MSE = 0.49, RMSE = 0.70, R2 = 0.34). Extending the feature vector with additional information on AMD diagnosis, age and smoking history improved the results slightly, with mainly AMD diagnosis used by the model (MAE = 0.54, MSE = 0.44, RMSE = 0.66, R2 = 0.42). Grad-CAM heatmap evaluation showed that the model decisions rely on retinal morphology factors relevant to AMD diagnosis. The developed method allows an efficient PRS estimation from OCT images. A new technique for analysing the association of OCT images with PRS of AMD, using a deep learning approach, may provide an opportunity to discover new associations between genotype-based AMD risk and retinal morphology.

Systematic Scrutinization of Vital factors for the Development of Efficient Cisplatin-Quercetin Loaded Bionanomicelles

The present work aims to optimize and assess the Cisplatin (CIS) and Quercetin (QCT)-loaded biodegradable polymeric nanomicelles (PNM). The development of a quantitative method for the estimation of CIS and QCT in pharmaceutical dosage form was another objective. The aluminum plates coated with silica gel F254 used for separation of both the drugs employing Toluene: Methanol: Ethyl acetate: DMF: Triethylamine (5:0.5:3.5:1:1 drop % v/v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. Results of the validation parameter indicate that the developed method was precise, accurate, and robust. CIS and QCT-loaded PNM formulated using solvent evaporation technique employing poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) 50:50. The Quality by Design (QbD) was accomplished to identify the critical manufacturing attributes and critical process parameters. Optimization of the formulation was performed by central composite design using particle size and % encapsulation efficiency as dependent variables. The amount of PLGA and Span selected as independent variables. Statistically substantial variables identified using regression analysis and analysis of variance. A diffusion study revealed that optimized nanomicelles were capable to sustain the drug release up to 8h. Zeta sizer, TEM confirmed the stability and nano-sized nanoparticles. CIS-QCT PNM was found to be an alternate route to systemic treatment.

PHYSICAL CULTURE IS A FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENT OF THE MENTAL AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN YOUTH AND STUDENTS

Physical culture is a complex social phenomenon that is not limited to solving problems of physical development, but also performs other social functions of society in the field of morality, education, and ethics. It has no social, professional, biological, age, or geographical boundaries. The theory of physical culture proceeds from the basic principles of the theory of culture and is based on its concepts. At the same time, it has specific terms and concepts that reflect its essence, goals, objectives, content, as well as means, methods, and guidelines. The main and most general concept is “physical culture”. As a type of culture, it represents in general social terms is a vast area of creative activity to create people’s physical readiness for life (health promotion, development of physical abilities and motor skills). In personal terms, physical culture is a measure and method of comprehensive physical development of a person. Thus, physical culture is a type of culture that is a specific process and result of human activity, a means and method of physical improving a person to fulfill social responsibilities. There are other definitions of this concept, in particular: physical culture is a specific part universal human culture, one of the areas of social activity aimed at strengthening health, increasing its level, and the comprehensive development of physical human abilities and their use in social practice, in people’s everyday lives [4]. Physical culture is an important part of the culture of society - the totality of its achievements in its creation and rational use of special means, methods, and conditions for directed physical improvement of a person. In the content of physical culture itself, two main aspects can be distinguished with some convention: – firstly, everything valuable that society creates and uses as special means, methods and conditions for their use, allowing to optimize physical development and ensure a certain level of physical fitness of people (functionally supporting side of physical culture);– secondly, the positive results of using these means, methods and conditions (the effective side of physical culture).

Participatory Water Quality Monitoring System for the Gajahwong River, Yogyakarta City, Indonesia

This paper presents the development of Suka Peta (an integrated web-based system of participatory water quality monitoring), which has been developed by the researcher team of the State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The system is designed to collect various types of data to generate a report on the water quality status of a river. The study followed a method for research and development that includes the design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The final product of this research is a web-based application that could be accessed publicly through www.status-sungai.com. During the evaluation stage, we conducted an FGD with stakeholders in the Gajahwong River community. The result confirmed that the application has a high potential for engaging the community in water quality monitoring. In addition, the participants have been able to use the application and participate in water quality monitoring efforts.

The single adsorbent nano-TiO2 modified QuEChERS for simultaneous determination of 18 pyrrolizidine alkaloids in ginseng samples via LC-MS/MS

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of naturally occurring toxins, which have been widely found in herbs. However, the complexity of the herbs made the accurate and simple determination of PAs challenging. Herein, the present work described the development of a simple and effective QuEChERS method for simultaneous determination of 18 PAs in various ginseng samples. The extraction and purification processes were systematically optimized and validated coupled to LC-MS/MS analysis. After intensive screening, a single adsorbent nano-TiO2 was employed as a cleanup adsorbent during the dispersive solid phase extraction process to remove the matrix interferences and retain the target PAs in the sample solution, achieving the simultaneous determination of 18 PAs. The validation results displayed that the PAs had good linearity, sensitivity and satisfactory accuracy by the developed method. The method LODs and LOQs of PAs ranged from 0.05-1.49 μg/kg and 0.17–4.95 µg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries were 70.1 %-111 % with RSD less than 13 % under different spiked concentrations. Compared to the conventional QuEChERS method, this method gave rise to better purification effect and recoveries under the condition of only using one adsorbent nano-TiO2, which obvious improved its simplicity and versatility. Furthermore, this method was used to analyze the real ginseng samples and PAs were detected with concentrations ranging from 1.02 to 139 μg/kg, which further verified the feasibility of the developed method in the PAs analysis from the traditional herbal medicines.

ESTIMATION OF THE POSTMORTEM INTERVAL BY CRANIOENCEPHALIC THERMOMETRY WITH A SINGLE DISCRETE DECREASE IN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE

Aim– development of a method implemented in the format of a computer program for determining the postmortem interval (PMI) by cranioencephalic temperature (CT) of a corpse under conditions of cooling with a single discrete decrease in ambient temperature. Material and methods. Analytical and finite element modeling of CT dynamics with a single discrete decrease in ambient temperature is performed. Results. A mathematical model has been developed for determining the PMI and the uncertainty of its estimates with a single discrete decrease in the ambient temperature. The values of the constants of the model equation and their variances are determined on the basis of finite element modeling of CT dynamics under the specified cooling conditions. The computational algorithm of the specified method for determining PMI and contraindications to its use are implemented in the C# language in the form of the Warm Bodies DSC program. Conclusion. The developed method and the application implementing it are recommended for use in forensic medical practice to determine the PMI with a single discrete decrease in ambient temperature.

Photoelectrocatalytic removal of antibiotic ciprofloxacin using a photoanode based on Z-scheme heterojunction

The photoelectrochemical method based on FTO/Fe2O3/BiOI@BiOBr photoanode was applied for the degradation of the ciprofloxacin molecule. The developed method was carried out using a reactor containing ciprofloxacin (3.0 × 10–5 mol L–1), containing a working electrode: FTO/Fe2O3/BiOI@BiOBr, a platinized titanium counter electrode and an Ag/AgCl/KCl (3.0 mol L–1) reference electrode, working potential of 2.0 V with ultraviolet radiation (9.0 W). The electrode was characterized by electrochemical, morphological, structural and optical techniques. When applying the degradation method, after one hour, the antibiotic molecule was degraded more than 90.0 %, being mineralized close to 52.0 %, in which the degraded samples were characterized by UV–vis spectrometry, determination of total organic carbon and UHPLC-Q-ToF-MS. Like this, the oxidation process proved to be efficient yielded a kinetic constant k = 3.7 × 10–2 min−1 and a half-life of 18.7 min. The charge transfer mechanism in the photoanode semiconductor material occurred by a Z-scheme recombination process. Finally, the mass spectroscopy experiments demonstrated that the ciprofloxacin oxidation process led to the formation of fourteen by-products, in which the degradation path was proposed in three steps.

Load Prediction in Double-Channel Residual Self-Attention Temporal Convolutional Network with Weight Adaptive Updating in Cloud Computing.

When resource demand increases and decreases rapidly, container clusters in the cloud environment need to respond to the number of containers in a timely manner to ensure service quality. Resource load prediction is a prominent challenge issue with the widespread adoption of cloud computing. A novel cloud computing load prediction method has been proposed, the Double-channel residual Self-attention Temporal convolutional Network with Weight adaptive updating (DSTNW), in order to make the response of the container cluster more rapid and accurate. A Double-channel Temporal Convolution Network model (DTN) has been developed to capture long-term sequence dependencies and enhance feature extraction capabilities when the model handles long load sequences. Double-channel dilated causal convolution has been adopted to replace the single-channel dilated causal convolution in the DTN. A residual temporal self-attention mechanism (SM) has been proposed to improve the performance of the network and focus on features with significant contributions from the DTN. DTN and SM jointly constitute a dual-channel residual self-attention temporal convolutional network (DSTN). In addition, by evaluating the accuracy aspects of single and stacked DSTNs, an adaptive weight strategy has been proposed to assign corresponding weights for the single and stacked DSTNs, respectively. The experimental results highlight that the developed method has outstanding prediction performance for cloud computing in comparison with some state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method achieved an average improvement of 24.16% and 30.48% on the Container dataset and Google dataset, respectively.

Rapid and Convenient Potentiometric Method for Determining Fluorosulfate, a Byproduct of the Fumigant and Greenhouse Gas Sulfuryl Fluoride.

A fluorosulfate ion (FSO3-) is a hydrolysis product of sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2), which is widely used to fumigate buildings, soil, construction materials, and postharvest commodities, and is a potent greenhouse gas. It is a potential marker for biological exposure to SO2F2 and for monitoring the progress of reactions used to scrub SO2F2 from fumigation vent gases. Here, we report a simple and inexpensive potentiometric method for determining FSO3- using a commercial nitrate-selective electrode and discuss its application. The method is suitable for solutions between 0.0025 mM and 660 mM FSO3- at initial pH between 5 and 9. Halide interference depends on its molar ratio to FSO3- and follows the sequence, F- < Cl- < Br- ≪ I-. Halide interference can be eliminated by adding silver sulfate. Interference by bicarbonate can be eliminated by H2SO4 pretreatment, and interference by phosphate or pyrophosphate by MgSO4 addition. Sulfate does not interfere, as it does in ion chromatography. Satisfactory method detection limits for FSO3- in spiked aqueous extracts of 11 fruits were obtained. The method accurately quantified the yield of FSO3- relative to that of F- in base hydrolysis of SO2F2. This study demonstrates that the developed method is highly selective, convenient, and sensitive and thus can be of great value in practice.

Implementation of User Experience Design Approach in Web Based E-Commerce for the Agricultural Sector

The technological advancements of the past have transformed various sectors, including information, education, and commerce. Many utilized the internet to enhance business and trade efficiency. Pantai Gading Village was a significant contributor to agricultural production. Its residents traditionally sold agricultural products locally, resulting in a narrow market scope. Consequently, a web-based E-commerce platform was developed using the User Experience Design Process to aid farmers and expand the market for agricultural products in the village. E-commerce facilitated cost reduction for companies, consumers, and management while enhancing service quality and speed. Through this platform, farmers could promote and sell their products online, overcoming the limitations of the local market and enhancing the village's global visibility. User Experience Design (UXD) improved user satisfaction with products through enhanced usability, accessibility, and satisfaction in interactions. This approach yielded designs that were neat, simple, intuitive, flexible, and appealing, providing users with a unique experience and differentiating products or services from competitors. The author of this study employed the Research and Development (R&amp;D) methodology and the Waterfall development method. The system developed incorporated user experience design processes derived from questionnaire results. Users expressed the need for features such as live chat for each product, shipping options, displaying reviews, and offering Cash on Delivery payment method. This system facilitated and streamlined the marketing of agricultural products, thus boosting sales in Pantai Gading Village.