Development Cooperation Research Articles

Trade and economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and Russia: modern state and prospects

Purpose – determination of the signifi cance, assessment of the current state and prospects for the development of trade and economic relations between the states of Kazakhstan and Russia. Methodology – the theoretical and methodological basis of the study are system assessments, general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, economic-statistical and comparative analysis, as well as SWOT analysis methods that determine the strategic importance of trade and economic cooperation between the two countries. Originality / value – research has been conducted on the signifi cance, current state and prospects of trade and economic relations between Kazakhstan and Russia in the context of geopolitical and integration processes. The strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of cooperation between the two countries are analyzed, and the strategic direction of development is determined. Reserves and directions for increasing the efficiency of development of trade and economic cooperation were also presented. Findings – as a result of a comprehensive analysis of trade and economic relations between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, an objective assessment of the current situation was given and development prospects were determined. Directions for the development of cooperation between the two countries in the areas of technology improvement have been identified. The issues of expanding trade relations within the Eurasian Economic Union, rational use of the potential of the import and export market were specified.

Agricultural Vertical Cooperatives: the State and Directions of State Support

Agricultural vertical cooperatives created by small agricultural producers play an essential role in the market integration of small farms, ensuring employment and income of the rural population, and the stability of the agro-food market. The study of the problems of rural cooperation belongs to the relevant areas of economic research in the agro-industrial complex. The article analyzes the level and trends in the development of agricultural vertical cooperatives in Russia, including the dynamics of the number of certain types of cooperatives in 2019-2024, the social composition and equipment of fixed assets of cooperatives, their role in the production of a number of food resources. The conclusion is made about the slow development of cooperation and the significant differentiation of the cooperative movement across the subjects of the Russian Federation. The main reasons for the current situation and directions for improving cooperative policy in rural areas are considered.

The evolving role of development cooperation agencies in fostering social change: Japan international cooperation agency as a case study

ABSTRACT Innovation is becoming an important issue in international development cooperation. As the main driving force behind innovation had been the profit-seeking behavior of the firm, integrating innovation in the activities of international development cooperation requires a new framework. Here in this study, concept of social innovation was explored to create a framework so that role of each actor – government, private sector, civil society – are identified to facilitate collaboration to respond social challenges in developing countries, while international cooperation agency act as an intermediary. The validity of framework was tested using a project implemented in Africa and Japan by the Japan International Cooperation Agency. The case demonstrates how innovation can be approached by international cooperation agency, acting as an intermediary, stimulating innovation not only in the recipient but also in the donor country.

Economic policy uncertainty and corporate cooperative research and development: Empirical evidence based on Chinese patent data

Based on patent data at the corporate level in China, this paper empirically tests the impact of economic policy uncertainty on corporate cooperative research and development (R&D) by constructing an econometric model. The results reveal that the higher the economic policy uncertainty, the lower the degree of corporate cooperative R&D. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the negative impact of economic policy uncertainty on corporate cooperative R&D is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises and in firms with high financing constraints.

Understanding South-South Cooperation: A Comparative Analysis with North-South Cooperation Approaches

South-South Cooperation was first conceived at the 1955 Bandung Conference, which led to the foundation of the Non-Aligned Movement in 1961 and other important initiatives within the UN system, such as creating the G77 and elaborating the Buenos Aires Plan of Action. Since the beginning of the century, this cooperation modality has re-emerged and is now considered a catalyst for sustainable development. Given this context, this paper aims to analyze its ideological and political origins, definitions, and evolution, highlighting its importance as an instrument of foreign policy and development cooperation. In addition, a comparison between South-South and North-South Cooperation is made through five dimensions: ideas, institutions/political systems, interests, organizations, and vectors/schemes. Through this comparative approach, the author seeks to present consensual aspects of what is understood as South-South Cooperation and portray the diversity of strategies implemented by countries in the Global South.Keywords: South-South Cooperation; North-South Cooperation; Global South; sustainable developmen; BRICS

THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL SERVICES TRADE RESTRICTIVENESS ON TRADE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS, COMPUTER, AND INFORMATION SERVICES: EVIDENCE FROM OECD COUNTRIES

This study analyzes the impact of digital services trade restrictiveness on trade in telecommunications, computer, and information services of Organisation for Economic and Co-operation Development countries by utilizing the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood method covering the period 2014-2022. The findings of the study statistically significantly confirm the disincentive impact of the higher degree of digital services trade restrictiveness on both exports and imports in telecommunications, computer, and information services. Therefore, more relaxing policies can most likely help to enhance the trade in this type of services due to mainly diminishing trade costs. Besides, to make use of more advantages of increasing digitalization, further cooperation and dialogue across countries, particularly with technologically advanced countries, is required. By this means, domestic services suppliers can attain foreign advanced knowledge and technology at relatively moderate costs, thus productivity can be improved, and eventually, more trade in services can be achieved.

Study on the training and development model of kindergarten teachers' competence in family education guidance

Kindergarten teachers play a key role in promoting home education, however, many kindergarten teachers lack effective home education guidance ability, which affects the quality of home-school co-operation, this study aims to explore the mode of training and development of kindergarten teachers' home education guidance ability, which provides a reference to improve the professionalism of kindergarten teachers, and finds that comprehensively adopting a variety of forms of training and combining the theory and practice can The study found that a combination of various forms of training and theory and practice can effectively improve kindergarten teachers' ability to provide guidance on family education and promote the positive development of home-school co-operation.

Research on the Reform of Training Applied Talents in Vietnamese Major in Border Universities -- Guangxi Minzu Normal University

Vietnamese language talents are the bridge and foundation for the sustained and healthy development of good-neighborly friendship and comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Vietnam. With the continuous deepening of China-ASEAN cooperation and the implementation of relevant strategies, today s society has put forward new and higher requirements for Vietnamese language talents. Currently, colleges and universities on the China-Vietnam border are facing problems such as lagging teaching material construction, lack of targeted talent output in cultivating Vietnamese language applied talents. Taking Guangxi Minzu Normal University as an example, combined with the current background and the characteristics of school, the article explores the methods and concepts for cultivating applied talents in the Vietnamese language major in border universities from the aspects of improve teaching mode, strengthening textbook constructio. To cultivate high-standard, high-level, all-round and compound talents who serve local economic and social development and ASEAN cooperation.

The impact of creative tourism on inclusive economic growth

The purpose of the article is to compile the author's characteristics of the values of inclusive tourism and creative development in an inclusive economy based on the analysis of international works of researchers, classification of the values of inclusive development and creative growth in the study of the influence of creative tourism on inclusive economic growth, to determine the level of priority indicators affecting economic growth, to determine the significance in the proportion of several indicators. The regulatory mechanisms necessary for the formation of the necessary level of creative tourism development in the study of development directions in inclusive economic growth are proposed. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that the dynamic development of tourism in the inclusive economic growth of the world's countries is becoming the main topic of research of the United Nations, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation Development, the World Bank and the whole world. In this regard, since 2021, the Republic of Kazakhstan has also embarked on the development of creative tourism along an inclusive path towards a creative economy. During the research of the article, methods of analyzing various indicators of sustainability, arithmetic mean estimation of the studied indicators and the significance of their specific weight, economic and statistical analysis, generalization, comparison were used. In conclusion, the various effects of several indicators on overall sustainability are identified, the priority weight of inclusive indicators in the development of tourism is determined, through the results obtained, to propose integrated approaches as a means of integration and systematization in ensuring the necessary level in the development of tourism.

The Implications of Strengthening ‘European Strategic Autonomy’ and Its Defence Capabilities for the Growth of France’s Global Importance and Power

France occupies a key position in Europe’s defence and security structures and the promotion of a ‘Europe of defence’ has been one of the political priorities of French leaders since the late 1990s. One of the key initiatives strengthening multilateral military cooperation in the EU is the European Intervention Initiative (EI2), which aims to instil a French strategic culture among Europeans. The aim of the study is to show that France is ‘shifting’ its power ambitions to Europe, which is to become a significant actor in international relations, equipped with mechanisms of political representation and credible military forces, enabling it to conduct a global-scale independent policy. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the strengthening of ‘European strategic autonomy’ serves to preserve a multipolar world, in which France will play the role of Europe’s ‘leader,’ and is expected to be conductive to the development of defence industry cooperation.

Cooperative Collection Development: Current Practices among ARL Libraries for Area Studies Collections

abstract: This study examines cooperative collection development (CCD) for area studies and foreign language collections at Association of Research Libraries (ARL) libraries, based on a 2020 survey. Respondents provided details about cooperative collection initiatives (CCIs) at their libraries and their attitudes toward CCD. Most respondents had a favorable opinion of CCD, citing access to a broader collection of materials and cost savings as primary reasons. Challenges include the work and time involved in managing CCIs. This composite picture of how libraries build collaborative collections and the perceived benefits and challenges of CCD will inform librarians and administrators alike as they consider how best to build area studies and foreign language collections.

The impact of dynamic linking on cooperation on complex networks.

In complex social systems, individual relationships and the surrounding environment are constantly changing, allowing individuals to interact on dynamic networks. This study aims to investigate how individuals in a dynamic network engaged in a prisoner's dilemma game adapt their competitive environment through random edge breaks and reconnections when faced with incomplete information and adverse local conditions, thereby influencing the evolution of cooperative behavior. We find that random edge breaks and reconnections in dynamic networks can disrupt cooperative clusters, significantly hindering the development of cooperation. This negative impact becomes more pronounced over larger time scales. However, we also observe that nodes with higher degrees of connectivity exhibit greater resilience to this cooperation disruption. Our research reveals the profound impact of dynamic network structures on the evolution of cooperation and provides new insights into the mechanisms of cooperation in complex systems.

평가 활용의 메커니즘과 이해관계자의 역할

Purpose: This study aims to provide a theoretical foundation and practical examples to enhance evaluation use among various stakeholders by exploring the mechanisms of evaluation use in international development cooperation through the Theory of Change (ToC). Originality: By developing a ToC specifically for development cooperation evaluation, this research advances the discourse on evaluation use. It establishes a foundational basis for theoretical discussions on diverse evaluation applications and identifies the roles of various stakeholders. Methodology: The study begins with a comprehensive literature review to define the concept and various types of evaluation use. It then conducts a comparative analysis of evaluation logic models from previous studies to extract common elements and create a tailored ToC for evaluations in international development cooperation. Finally, stakeholder analysis is used to categorize evaluation stakeholders. We apply the developed ToC to identify the roles of each stakeholder in different evaluation contexts. Result: By applying an extended definition of evaluation use, this study developed a ToC for international development cooperation evaluation, identifying essential elements for change and critical assumptions throughout the evaluation process. Through the analysis of evaluation stakeholders categorized into key, primary, and secondary groups based on their influence within the ToC framework, the study reveals that stakeholders at all levels can utilize evaluations for diverse purposes across the entire evaluation process. Conclusion and Implication: This study systematically identified the diverse roles of stakeholders and the mechanisms of evaluation use in the field of development cooperation, integrating ToC and stakeholder analysis. It provides a comprehensive understanding of who uses evaluations, for what purposes, when, and how. Ultimately, this research is expected to enhance evaluation practices and use, thereby contributing to the achievement of the intended objectives of evaluations.

Ivan Illich의 교육개발협력 사상에 근거한 UN 글로벌 교육의제의 비판적 고찰

Objectives The purpose of this study was to critically analyze issues related to educational development cooperation in the UN global education agenda based on Illich's educational development cooperation ideas to explore the direction and implications of the UN global education agenda. Methods In order to examine critical issues related to the UN Global Education Agenda, 29 relevant prior studies selected by the RISS were analyzed and to organize philosophies and ideas related to Illich's educational development cooperation, seven books at a time when Illich's educational development cooperation activities were active were examined. Based on this analysis, the UN global education agenda was re-analyzed to derive alternative implications. Results The issues pointed out in the relevant prior studies are summarized as follows (1) Issues related to the background of the educational agenda, 2) Issues related to the establishment process of the educational agenda, 3) Issues related to the logic of the educational agenda itself, 4) Issues related to the application of the educational agenda. Illich's Ideas on educational development cooperation through analysis of his 7 books are briefly summarized into three areas about society and international development: (1) criticism(industrial society criticism, misuse of ‘improvement’ and ‘development’ concept, school education criticism) 2) goals(the directions related society, life, and education) 3) alternative(Conviviality). Conclusions The conclusion from this study is as follows : 1) The UN Global Education Agenda requires macro paradigm shift of development cooperation or the ODA system itself, rather than internal modification and micro supplementation. 2) It is necessary to change the overall form of education away from standardized school education, universal education, and compulsory education to education that respects the autonomous and voluntary learning of individuals and reflects the alternative paradigm of modern education. 3) It is necessary to change direction to ‘regional customized’ support to realize a vibrant autonomous symbiotic ‘Conviviality’ in indigenous life considering the social and cultural environment of each country, not the needs and growth from the perspective of capitalism and industrial society.

Humanitarian Aid for Ukraine as a Pivotal Element in the Polish Aid Programme and an Opportunity to Amplify the Role of Development Cooperation in the Polish Foreign Policy

Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and the ensuing humanitarian crisis made 2022 a landmark year in terms of humanitarian aid to Ukraine and resulted in a huge wave of support, not only financial. Poland became known as a “humanitarian superpower,” and the attitude of Poles was assessed as unprecedented in terms of solidarity. The events in Ukraine significantly affected the Polish development cooperation system (Polish Aid), causing not only a more than 200 percent increase in ODA and the proportion of its distribution, but increasing the involvement of Polish actors. The answer to the question of how much the situation is likely to translate into an increase in the share of humanitarian aid, which is part of development cooperation, in Polish foreign policy depends on Poland’s further strategy of providing humanitarian aid and skillfully combining it with social potential.

Externalities of Sanctions Impact on Russian Economy

The work reveals the economic motives for decision-making by the leading world powers and the features of the development of the Russian national economy in the context of measures taken by the Government of the country in the conditions of a changing geopolitical reality. The emphasis is made on the need to manage the risks of foreign economic activity after the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions by unfriendly countries with developed economies. The degree of dependence of the Russian Federation on high-tech goods, components, software and at the same time low diversification of production for the main export items has been revealed. Promising markets for export goods and potential importers as well as partner countries for the development of mutual trade in products and services have been identified. Acceptable solutions and current anti-crisis support measures from the state in the form of subsidizing lending rates, creating “new growth points” in the economy by allocating funds for import substitution programs, etc. are outlined. An assessment of the possible damage to several friendly countries from the attempt to economically isolate one of the world’s largest economies has been completed. The countries of Southeast Asia, Africa, and Latin America are considered the main regions for the future development of international cooperation. The BRICS bloc for Russia is becoming a key integration association in terms of transforming industrial, logistics and financial chains in the global economic space. As a result, constructive conclusions about the need to use diplomatic measures to maintain neutrality and create interstate agreements that contribute to a more intensive opening of the internal markets of friendly countries for the development of mutual trade in raw materials and high-tech goods are given.

Governance of Cross-border Regions & SEZs: The case of Gwadar under CPEC

Purpose: Examining the transformative impact of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a flagship project of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this research investigates how CPEC fosters cross-border cooperation and regional development. The research focuses on transnational institution building and the creation of multi-scalar geographies involving diverse public and private agencies, reshaping regional, sub-regional, and local territories. Design/Methodology/Approach: Employing a case study approach, the research focuses on Gwadar, the pivotal node of CPEC where the economic belt meets the maritime silk road. It integrates a literature review, analysis of official documents, and empirical data, supplemented by insights from independent researchers and international organizations such as the World Bank and IMF. Findings: The designation of Gwadar as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) with a globally competitive deep-sea port has introduced significant economic opportunities. However, multi-scalar interactions have led to tensions between central and local authorities, reflecting conflicts between the Centre-led macroeconomic agenda and its socio-economic sustainability at the local level. Implications/Originality/Value: The research emphasizes the need to rescale political, economic, and social structures to establish sustainable institutions in cross-border regions. It provides policy recommendations for Gwadar's development, drawing lessons from global best practices such as Dubai, Shenzhen, and King Abdullah Economic City.

Empowering Mosque Cooperatives for Development of The Ummah

The poverty rate in Malaysia is still worrisome despite being at low rate. Various solutions have been made, including the movement of mosque cooperatives as the multi-function business centre to help and empower the community within via several solutions, such as provide financing, investment centre and halal food centre for Muslims. However, there is a number of community members that are being left out from enjoying the benefits and aids provided, and their lives are getting worse financially, especially during the pandemic of Covid-19. This article aims to examine the role of mosque cooperatives in economic empowerment of the ummah. The roles will be examined from the perspectives of business networking, and the information and governance systems of the mosque cooperatives. The study adopted the FGD with the key players related to mosque cooperatives, including authorities. The data collected was analysed using NVIVO. The results of the discussion were categorised into four main themes; acceptance, initiatives, action plans and key players. The participants agreed with the role of mosque cooperatives in empowering the ummah via various initiatives that have been taken place. Despite that, the problems arising within the mosque cooperatives have been identified and a few action plans have been discussed to rectify the arising matters together with the involvement of key players for the success of mosque cooperatives. The integration of cooperatives through mosques is a powerful tool in empowering the economic resilience of the community. The involvement of regulators, religious leaders and the community around the mosque towards the empowerment of the community within, especially the poor can help in organizing their lives better. The economic empowerment via mosque cooperatives is an initiative based on the local community around the mosque, thus mosque is not only a worship centre, but also a center for community’s economic empowerment.

Rethinking education development cooperation in new times through Bauman’s theory of modernity

Rethinking education development cooperation in new times through Bauman’s theory of modernity

우간다 동부 부탈레자 주 모자보건 증진 사업의 비용편익분석

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of a Uganda Butaleja Maternal Newborn and Child Health Project which has been implemented by a Korean NGO from 2015 to 2018. Originality: Economic evaluation has been acknowledged as a crucial method for gauging the effectiveness of international development cooperation projects in the health sector, but it is being carried out on a limited basis due to limitations in financial and human capabilities. It is significant that the economic evaluation was conducted to complement the limitations of existing cost-benefit analysis studies. In particular, it is meaningful in that it confirmed the economic feasibility of integrated maternal and child health projects that combine hardware and software, including capacity building, awareness improvement, and behavioral change. Methodology: This study employs cost-benefit analysis and evaluates the economics of the targeted project through (i) Net Present Value (NPV), (ii) Cost-Benefit Ratio (BCR), and (iii) Economic Internal Rate of Return (EIRR). Additionally, sensitivity analysis has been conducted to mitigate potential errors in the assessment process. Result: The cost-benefit analysis yields a NPV of $83,909,933, an EIRR of 71%, and a BCR of 21. The project is deemed cost-effective, as the net present value exceeds 0, the EIRR surpasses the social discount rate, and the BCR is greater than 1. Conclusion and Implication: The results of this study confirmed that integrated maternal and child health ODA projects that combine hardware and software are economically effective, even when long-term maintenance costs are included.