Course Of Development Research Articles

The Relationship between English Open Class in Junior High School and Novice Teachers’ Professional Development

As an emerging teaching and research activity, open classes have attracted more and more attention from educators, and a series of studies have been carried out. Previous studies have pointed out that open classes have many functions such as communication, research, demonstration, assessment, and competition, and are key events in teachers’ professional development. This paper connects the relationship between junior high school English open courses and teachers’ professional development, and explores the role of open classes for novice teachers. From the perspective of novice teachers, the author first analyzes the research background of this paper from three aspects, Combined with the literature method, this paper analyzes and summarizes the existing research on open classes and the professional development of novice teachers. Then, a questionnaire survey was used to investigate the relationship between open classes and the professional development of English teachers. On the basis of clarifying the relationship between the two, this paper affirms the positive value of open courses in the professional development of novice teachers from the aspects of promoting the accumulation of professional knowledge, improving professional ability, enhancing professional affection, and improving the awareness of professional self-development.

Microscopic computed tomography with AI-CNN-powered image analysis: the path to phenotype bleomycin-induced lung injury.

Bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury in mice is a valuable model for investigating the molecular mechanisms that drive inflammation and fibrosis and for evaluating potential therapeutic approaches to treat the disease. Given high variability in the BLM model, it is critical to accurately phenotype the animals in the course of an experiment. In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the utility of microscopic computed tomography (µCT) imaging combined with an artificial intelligence (AI)-convolutional neural network (CNN)-powered lung segmentation for rapid phenotyping of BLM mice. µCT was performed in freely breathing C57BL/6J mice under isoflurane anesthesia on days 7 and 21 after BLM administration. Terminal invasive lung function measurement and histological assessment of the left lung collagen content were conducted as well. µCT image analysis demonstrated gradual and time-dependent development of lung injury as evident by alterations in the lung density, air-to-tissue volume ratio, and lung aeration in mice treated with BLM. The right and left lung were unequally affected. µCT-derived parameters such as lung density, air-to-tissue volume ratio, and nonaerated lung volume correlated well with the invasive lung function measurement and left lung collagen content. Our study demonstrates the utility of AI-CNN-powered µCT image analysis for rapid and accurate phenotyping of BLM mice in the course of disease development and progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Microscopic computed tomography (µCT) imaging combined with an artificial intelligence (AI)-convolutional neural network (CNN)-powered lung segmentation is a rapid and powerful tool for noninvasive phenotyping of bleomycin mice over the course of the disease. This, in turn, allows earlier and more reliable identification of therapeutic effects of new drug candidates, ultimately leading to the reduction of unnecessary procedures in animals in pharmacological research.

Developmental trajectory of social reward motivation from early adolescence into adulthood in female and male Long-Evans rats.

Most studies of adolescent and adult behavior involved one age group of each, whereas the dynamic changes in brain development suggest that there may be behavioral flux in adolescence. In two studies, we investigated developmental changes in social reward motivation in female and male Long-Evans rats from prepuberty to early adulthood in a social operant conditioning task. Given the earlier onset of puberty in females than in males, we predicted the course of social reward development would differ between the sexes. Overall, the pattern of results from both studies suggests that the trajectory of social motivation across adolescence is characterized by upward and downward shifts that do not depend on the sex of the rats. During training, in both studies, the mean number of social gate openings and percentage of social gate openings was higher at P30 (prepubertal, early adolescence) and P50 (late adolescence) than at P40 (mid adolescence) and P70 (adulthood) irrespective of sex. Nevertheless, the specific age comparisons that were significant depended on the study. In both studies, P30 rats had greater levels of social motivation than did adults in accessing a social reward when increased effort was required (progressive ratio tests). In an extinction test, only P30 and P50 rats continued to show more nose-pokes at the previously social gate than at the nonsocial gate, suggesting resistance to extinction. The results highlight the importance of characterizing behavior at several timepoints in adolescence to understand the neural mechanisms, many of which show similar discontinuities as they develop across adolescence.

Impact of a Professional Development Course for Doctoral Nurses and Students on Genomic Conceptual Knowledge and Competencies.

Universally, nurses' limited educational opportunities to expand their genomic literacy may have implications on patient care management, research, and training. To evaluate the impact of a self-paced online course on genomic knowledge and competency acquisition in a sample of nurses possessing a doctoral degree and doctoral students. Pre- and postcourse data were collected using the "Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory" (GNCI) (N=129) and a self-report survey based on the Essential Genetic and Genomic Competencies for Nurses with Graduate Degrees (N=131). GNCI scores in all 4 topical categories and in 9 of the 16 domains significantly improved. All Genetic Competency scores significantly improved. Significant correlations were observed between Genetic Competency self-ratings and GNCI scores precourse and change of scores. The positive outcomes should encourage the development of more accessible educational opportunities for nurses and other healthcare professionals to improve genomic literacy and competency.

Педагогическая профилактика негативных поведенческих проявлений обучающихся образовательных организаций высшего образования МВД России

The urgency of preventing undesirable manifestations in the behavior of students of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is explained by the fact that in modern Russian society, as well as in other countries, abnormal behavior has become a common phenomenon among this age group. Types of antisocial behavior among adolescents are becoming more diverse and complex, which entails an increase in negative social consequences both for adolescents and young people themselves and for society as a whole. Prevention of negative behavior among students, of course, is an important area of work with adolescents, since it is the younger generation that shapes the course of development of society.
 
 The article discusses pedagogical prevention aimed at eliminating negative behavioral manifestations of university students The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, which is a set of educational measures aimed at preventing, and possibly completely eliminating negative manifestations that affect the development of deviant behavior of students.
 
 Any negative manifestation of deviant behavior carries a potential danger both for adolescents themselves and for society as a whole. It is for this reason that the identification and prevention of negative behavioral manifestations among students is a critically important area of activity. To achieve maximum results in prevention, it is necessary to focus on forming an active position in the life of every young employee who is just starting his professional career. To do this, it is necessary to pay sufficient attention to leisure activities: sports, art, self-education.

Social Identities and Cognitive Information Processing Theory: A Qualitative Analysis

Social identities impact the way individuals see themselves and their career options but career theories have been slow to the call in exploring how social identities interface with theoretical assumptions. The purpose of this study was to examine how social identities affect and inform specific dimensions identified by cognitive information processing (CIP) theory as being essential for effective career decision-making, that is, self-knowledge, options knowledge, decision-making process and skills, career beliefs, and overall career decision. Seventy-six students across ten sections of an undergraduate CIP-based career development course answered questions on an anonymous survey related to how their social identities impacted aspects of their career decision-making. Frequencies for social identities were calculated for each CIP dimension, and 11 categories identified for open-ended responses using the consensual qualitative research-modified approach accompanied pre-determined domains based on CIP theory. Across each component, the most common SI was age and generational differences. While students expressed the influence of social identities as occurring in each CIP dimension, statements related to the self-concept category occurred most often and were present in each domain. Our findings support previous work that the presence and impact of SIs on career decision-making components is undeniable, but also not universal. CIP theory provides a structure and avenues for discussing the role of social identities in career decision-making.

Analisis Hubungan Jenis Kecerdasan Majemuk dengan kemampuan Kognitif Mahasiswa

Revealing the types of multiple intelligences possessed by students provides information about the uniqueness of each student. Therefore, this research aims to determine the relationship between students' multiple intelligence types and their cognitive abilities. Cognitive abilities in this research are limited to student learning outcomes in Student Development courses. This type of research is survey research with a type of data analysis, namely descriptive analysis. The participants in this research were 30 UNM chemistry students. The instruments used were questionnaires to determine students' multiple intelligence types and learning outcomes tests to determine students' cognitive abilities. Of all participants, five types of intelligence were obtained, namely 30% Intrapersonal, 26.67% Interpersonal, 23.22% Mathematical Logic, and 10% Naturalistic and Musical. Based on the average test scores on learning outcomes, it is known that there is no significant difference in the cognitive abilities of students in various multiple intelligence groups.

Protein restriction during pregnancy alters Cdkn1c silencing, dopamine circuitry and offspring behaviour without changing expression of key neuronal marker genes

We tracked the consequences of in utero protein restriction in mice throughout their development and life course using a luciferase-based allelic reporter of imprinted Cdkn1c. Exposure to gestational low-protein diet (LPD) results in the inappropriate expression of paternally inherited Cdkn1c in the brains of embryonic and juvenile mice. These animals were characterised by a developmental delay in motor skills, and by behavioural alterations indicative of reduced anxiety. Exposure to LPD in utero resulted in significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive (dopaminergic) neurons in the midbrain of adult offspring as compared to age-matched, control-diet equivalents. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging revealed an increase in striatal dopamine synthesis capacity in LPD-exposed offspring, where elevated levels of dopamine correlated with an enhanced sensitivity to cocaine. These data highlight a profound sensitivity of the developing epigenome to gestational protein restriction. Our data also suggest that loss of Cdkn1c imprinting and p57KIP2 upregulation alters the cellular composition of the developing midbrain, compromises dopamine circuitry, and thereby provokes behavioural abnormalities in early postnatal life. Molecular analyses showed that despite this phenotype, exposure to LPD solely during pregnancy did not significantly change the expression of key neuronal- or dopamine-associated marker genes in adult offspring.

Formation of recurring transient Ca2+-based intercellular communities during Drosophila hematopoiesis

Tissue development occurs through a complex interplay between many individual cells. Yet, the fundamental question of how collective tissue behavior emerges from heterogeneous and noisy information processing and transfer at the single-cell level remains unknown. Here, we reveal that tissue scale signaling regulation can arise from local gap-junction mediated cell-cell signaling through the spatiotemporal establishment of an intermediate-scale of transient multicellular communication communities over the course of tissue development. We demonstrated this intermediate scale of emergent signaling using Ca2+ signaling in the intact, ex vivo cultured, live developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ, the lymph gland. Recurrent activation of these transient signaling communities defined self-organized signaling "hotspots" that gradually formed over the course of larva development. These hotspots receive and transmit information to facilitate repetitive interactions with nonhotspot neighbors. Overall, this work bridges the scales between single-cell and emergent group behavior providing key mechanistic insight into how cells establish tissue-scale communication networks.

Don't wait for the perfect moment: The national training program in family medicine in Angola.

Like many Sub-Saharan countries, Angola struggles with a shortage of trained health professionals, especially for primary care. In 2021, the Angolan Ministry of Health in collaboration with the Angolan Medical Council launched the National Program for the Expansion of Family Medicine as a long-term strategy for the provision, fixation and training of family physicians in community health centres. Of the 425 residents 411 (96.7%) who entered the programme in 2021 will get their diplomas in the following months and will be certified as family physicians. Three main aspects make this National Programme unique in the Angolan context: (1) the common effort and engagement of the Ministry of Health with the Angolan Medical Council and local health authorities in designing and implementing this programme; (2) decentralisation of the training sites, with residents in all 18 provinces, including in rural areas and (3) using community health centres as the main site of practice and training. Despite this undeniable success, many educational improvements must be made, such as expanding the use of new educational resources, methodologies and assessment tools, so that aspects related to knowledge, practical skills and professional attitudes can be better assessed. Moreover, the programme must invest in faculty development courses aiming to create the next generation of preceptors, so that all residents can have in every rotation one preceptor or tutor responsible for the supervision of their clinical activities, case discussions and sharing their clinical duties, both at community health centres and municipal hospitals.

Some criminological indicators of land mismanagement

Based on official statistical sources, this article presents a long-term criminological analysis of the situation with land mismanagement in Ukraine spanning the period from 2002 to 2023. The author determines absolute, average and relative indicators, in particular, the rate and dynamics of crimes in this category. The total number of recorded crimes in the category under study (1,240 crimes), their average annual occurrence (56 crimes), and the average growth rate (22.9 %) are calculated. Employing a 5th degree polynomial function, a trend depicting the dynamics of these crimes is constructed. The chosen model aptly captures the development trend of the process with high precision (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.916) and facilitates the identification and characterization of four distinct periods, each reflecting the main trends of land mismanagement in Ukraine.
 A paradoxical situation is revealed by the analysis of the practical application of the criminal law provisions which have supplemented Art. 254 of the Ukrainian Criminal Code « Land Mismanagement» in accordance with Law of Ukraine No. 402-IX of December 19, 2019 « On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Regarding Improvement of Legislation on Mining of Amber and Other Minerals». Notably, no crimes were recorded under Part 2 of Article 254 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (the primary corpus delicti). Conversely, 15 crimes were recorded under Parts 3 and 4 of Article 254 (qualifying elements of the crime). The author concludes that this correlation would be impossible in the case of objective recording of crimes, and it also underscores a noteworthy latent aspect of land mismanagement, in particular, deliberate evasion of mandatory reclamation of lands damaged in the course of pilot commercial development of amber deposits or amber mining under a special subsoil use permit, resulting in considerable damage. The conducted analysis holds an intrinsic value both for scientific research and for law enforcement, ensuring an appropriate information support base for countering land mismanagement, firstly, by providing a clear understanding of the current situation with this phenomenon. Furthermore, it lays the groundwork for the development of the relevant system of criminal preventive measures tailored to address this specific issue.

Book Review: Milto I.V. Human Functional Morphology. Textbook in 3 volumes. Vol. 1: Viscerology. M.: Logosphere. 2022

The reviewed book is the first volume of the three-volume textbook “Human Functional Morphology” (Vol. 1 – Viscerology. Vol. 2 – Nervous system and sensory organ system. Vol. 3. Musculoskeletal system and cardiovascular system) and describes morphofunctional features of the human internal organs based on an interdisciplinary approach at the macroscopic, tissue, cellular and subcellular levels. The first volume of the textbook consists of 9 chapters, each of which represents a separate system of the human body. The description of each organ contains signs of the sources and course of development, their morphofunctional features are given, and issues of blood supply, innervation and functional significance are considered. The textbook will be useful for university students of medical and biological specialties, and can be used as a fundamental guide to human morphology by doctors of diverse specialties, biologists and embryologists.

Effects of the design thinking pedagogy on design thinking competence of nursing students in Taiwan: A prospective non-randomized study

BackgroundDesign thinking pedagogy was commonly adopted in higher education across professional fields, but not in nursing education. To enhance design thinking competence of nursing students, integrating design thinking pedagogy has been suggested. ObjectiveTo assess the effect of incorporating design thinking pedagogy into Leadership Development courses on design thinking competence in nursing students. DesignProspective non-randomized study. Participant and settingThis study was conducted in a University of Science and Technology in northern Taiwan. Nursing students taking elective Leadership Development courses were included as the experimental group (n = 150). Age- and gender-matched nursing students without taking Leadership Development courses were included as the control group (n = 150). MethodsTwo self-reported questionnaires, Taiwanese version of Creative Synthesis Inventory (CSI-TW) and Design Thinking Traits Questionnaire (DTTQ-TW), were used to assess design thinking competence of nursing students before and after test. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) after adjustment for pre-test mean scores was performed to assess differences in the adjusted post-test mean scores between the two groups. ResultsThe ANCOVA analysis indicated nursing students in the experimental group had significantly improved total scores of and subscale scores of CSI-TW compared to those of the control group. Although total score of DTTQ-TW as well as subscale scores of feedback-seeking and experimentalism were significantly enhanced in the experimental group than their control counterparts, no significant differences in subscale scores of integrative thinking, optimism, and collaboration were observed between two groups. ConclusionDesign thinking pedagogy significantly improved overall design thinking competence of nursing students. This study provided quantitative evidence to support the implementation of design thinking pedagogy in nursing education to facilitate the design thinking competence of nursing students.

MEDIATING EFFECTS OF CREATIVE HOME ENVIRONMENT AND SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ABILITY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CREATIVE PERSONALITY AND CREATIVE ACHIEVEMENT INTENTION

This study verified the mediating effects of creative home environment and self-directed learning ability on the relationship between creative personality and creative achievement intention of university students. Creative personality was set as independent variable, creative home environment and self-directed learning ability as mediating variables, and creative achievement intention as dependent variable. This study was conducted from June 10 to July 10, 2019 in Seoul, South Korea, and the participants were 587 university students. Data was collected through an online–offline test and analysed using SPSS Statistics 25.0. Creative personality affected creative achievement intention through the medium of creative home environment. However, self-directed learning ability had no mediating effect in the influence of creative personality on creative achievement intention. Therefore, creative home environment is important to improve the creative achievement intention of university students. Further, that the family’s environmental support affects the creative achievement intention to express creativity in course of development bears implications for parent education.

The novel pre-rRNA detection workflow "Riboprobing" allows simple identification of undescribed RNA species.

Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins and are essential for every living organism. In eukaryotes, both ribosomal subunits are rapidly assembled in a strict hierarchical order, starting in the nucleolus with the transcription of a common precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA). This pre-rRNA encodes three of the four mature rRNAs, which are formed by several, consecutive endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic processing steps. Historically, northern blots are used to analyze the variety of different pre-rRNA species, only allowing rough length estimations. Although this limitation can be overcome with primer extension, both approaches often use radioactivity and are time-consuming and costly. Here, we present "Riboprobing," a linker ligation-based workflow followed by reverse transcription and PCR for easy and fast detection and characterization of pre-rRNA species and their 5' as well as 3' ends. Using standard molecular biology laboratory equipment, "Riboprobing" allows reliable discrimination of pre-rRNA species not resolved by northern blot (e.g., 27SA2, 27SA3, and 27SB pre-rRNA). The method can successfully be used for the analysis of total cell extracts as well as purified pre-ribosomes for a straightforward evaluation of the impact of mutant gene versions or inhibitors. In the course of method development, we identified and characterized a hitherto undescribed aberrant pre-rRNA arising from LiCl inhibition. This pre-rRNA fragment spans from processing site A1 to E, forming a small RNP that lacks most early joining assembly factors. This finding expands our knowledge of how the cell deals with severe pre-rRNA processing defects and demonstrates the strict requirement for the 5'ETS (external transcribed spacer) for the assembly process.

Enrichment of type 1 innate lymphoid cells in the course of human atherosclerotic plaque development suggests contribution to atherogenesis.

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been implicated in multiple pathologic conditions, including atherogenesis, as documented in experimental mice studies, however, their role in atherosclerosis in humans remains unexplored. Here, we identify ILCs and their dynamics in early, advanced, and complicated human carotid- and aortic atherosclerotic plaques, using a multiplex immunohistochemical quadruple-staining technique with prototypic transcription factors T-bet, GATA3, or RORgt for identification of the ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 subsets, respectively, in combination with lineage markers CD3, CD20/ CD79a and CD56 to exclude other lymphoid cell types. ILC subsets were quantified, and to put this in perspective, their numbers were expressed as percentage of the total number of infiltrated lymphoid cells and related to the frequency of conventional T cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells. All ILC subsets were present in every different stage of atherogenesis. ILC1s were the most abundant ILC subset, and their numbers significantly increased in the course of plaque development, but paradoxically, their relative frequency was reduced because of a higher increment of T cells and B cells. The numbers of ILC2s and ILC3s also gradually increased, but this trend did not achieve significance. T cell subsets always significantly outnumbered their ILC counterparts, except for the early lesions where the proportion of ILC1s was markedly higher, albeit not significant. The high abundance of ILC1s in the early stages and further significant enrichment in later stages, suggest they may participate in the initiation and development of atherogenesis, and thus, may represent a novel target to prevent or treat atherosclerosis.

Digital citizenship education – training opportunities for foreign language teachers

ABSTRACT According to the Council of Europe, educators lack awareness on the topic of digital citizenship education and its importance to educate youngsters to move critically in a highly digitalized world. It is a core component of Digital Citizenship Education (DCE) to promote democratic competences, including critical reflection, the development of social and intercultural competences, critical thinking and media literacy. Bearing this in mind, a Teacher Training Package (TTP) was developed, aiming to promote professional development and qualification of pre- and in-service Foreign Language teachers as well as teacher trainers, as far as DCE is concerned, namely, pedagogical methodologies, practices and resources. Our study focuses on the Free Online Training Course for Self-guided Professional Development (part of the TTP), which directly approaches teachers’ professional knowledge. The analysis of the Teaching Units designed by the teachers and of their final course reflections suggest the relevance of the training course for the teachers’ professional development. Those who took part in the course highlighted the pertinence of the topic and underlined the relevance of having had contact with theoretical information and resources, which allowed them not only to reflect on their current practices but also to consider ways of introducing DCE in their lessons.

The role of cellular polyploidy in the regeneration of the cirrhotic liver in rats and humans.

Polyploidy is a condition in which a cell has multiple diploid sets of chromosomes. Two forms of polyploidy are known. One of them, generative polyploidy, is characteristic of all cells of the organism, while the other form develops only in some somatic tissues at certain stages of postnatal ontogenesis. Whole genome duplication has played a particularly important role in the evolution of plants and animals, while the role of cellular (somatic) polyploidy in organisms remains largely unclear. In this work we investigated the contribution of cellular polyploidy to the normal and the reparative liver growth of Rattusnorvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) and Homosapiens Linnaeus, 1758. It is shown that polyploidy makes a significant contribution to the increase of the liver mass both in the course of normal postnatal development and during pathological process.

Development of a multilingual online course with the language support for teaching physics in English

<span lang="EN-US">Distance education offers an alternative to traditional teaching methods, particularly online courses. During the pandemic, the role of information and communication technologies in the field of education has increased and is used to organize both synchronous and asynchronous learning. However, not all information and communication technology (ICT) tools and platforms provide the necessary functionality for developing online courses in the direction of language integration. This article discusses the issues of creating a multilingual online course of physics in English with the necessary language support and additional functions for the development of students’ academic language. The study used such methods as a survey, focus groups, analytical and descriptive methods, and empirical research. The key features of the developed course are the use of various types of content and methods for assessing both subject and language knowledge and skills. The presented survey results, data on summative assessment (SE), and trial testing show the effectiveness of the developed course modules. The conclusions and results described in the article will be useful to teachers of natural sciences in general education and private schools, especially those using international programs, deputy directors, as well as teachers who teach their subjects in a second or third language.</span>

Is relevant postpartum maternal psychopathology on the prognosis of psychomotor development in infants born after a threatened preterm labour across preschool ages?

IntroductionThreatened preterm labour (TPL) is associated with long-lasting neurodevelopmental challenges, independent of prematurity. For instance, it is known that infants born a TPL show delayed communication and socio-individual skills, regardless of the gestational age at birth. Furthermore, TPL constitutes an adverse prenatal event that can induce maternal anxiety or depression, even during postpartum period, which can produce a deleterious effect of the prognosis of infant’s psychomotor development.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the influence of maternal psychopathology as well as other peripartum variables on the course of psychomotor development in children born after a TPL between the ages of 2 and 6.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 117 mother–child pairs who experienced TPL were recruited. Psychomotor development was assessed using the Ages & Stages Questionnaires-Third edition at age 2 and 6. A regression model was carried out, including gestational age at birth, maternal anxiety trait, maternal history of psychological traumas, prenatal and postnatal maternal depression, anxiety, and cortisol as well as parenting stress as predictors.ResultsLow gestational week at birth emerged as the most relevant factor in the course of increased communication delay (p < 0.001). However, parental psychopathology during prenatal or postnatal stages was not a relevant factor in the prognosis of Communication skills or Socio-Individual development.ConclusionsGestation age at birth rather than parental psychopathology during peripartum period was the most relevant predictor of the course of psychomotor development between 2 to 6 years of age. Further studies should examine other potential modifiable predictors to moderate the impact of gestational age on psychomotor development.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared