Determination Of Menthol Research Articles

Determination of Menthol by a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Using Gold Nanoparticle Amplification

Menthol is a monocyclic monoterpene with a distinct flavor that is frequently utilized in a variety of food and medicinal items. In this study, a sensitive method based on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) with gold nanoparticles amplification was developed. A gold chip was initially modified with mono(6-mercapto-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) through Au-S affinity binding. When menthol is absent, the host–guest interaction brings ferrocene (Fc) labeled-ssDNA (Fc-ssDNA) to enter the SH-β-CD cavity. The hybridization between Au nanoparticles functionalized-ssDNA (AuNPs-ssDNA) and Fc-ssDNA produces a significant frequency shift. However, in the presence of menthol, the inclusion competition between Fc and menthol reduces AuNPs-ssDNA modification on the chip surface. In this case, the change of QCM frequency is greatly reduced by menthol. Thus, menthol determination is accomplished by measuring the change in QCM frequency with a linear range from 10−8 M to 10−2 M and a limit of detection of 7.81 nM, which is superior to previously reported results. The method has also been applied in real samples such as mint and essential oil with satisfactory results.

Determination of Menthol in Plasma and Urine by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS).

Menthol, a monoterpene, is a principal component of peppermint oil and is used extensively in consumer products as a flavoring aid. It is also commonly used medicinally as a topical skin coolant; to treat inflammation of the mucous membranes, digestive problems, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); and in preventing spasms during endoscopy and for its spasmolytic effect on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. Menthol has a half life of 3-6 h and is rapidly metabolized to menthol glucuronide which is detectable in urine and serum following menthol use. We describe a method for the determination of total menthol in human plasma and urine using liquid/liquid extraction, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in selected ion monitoring mode and menthol-d4 as the internal standard. Controls are prepared with menthol glucuronide and all samples undergo enzymatic hydrolysis for the quantification of total menthol. The method has a linear range of 5-1000 ng/mL, and coefficient of variation <10%.

Analytical Method Development and Validation of Menthol and Methyl Salicylate Content in Topical Cream and Gel by Gas Chromatography

Menthol and Methyl Salicylate are used in topical treatment and high-dose dermal patch, to relive pain of minor aches and pains of muscle and joints associated with arthritis. Two types of formulations available in the market. In one formulation Menthol and Methyl Salicylate are used as two active ingredients and it is Cream based formulation. In another gel based formulation, only Menthol is added as an active ingredient. Both formulations are used for different therapeutic effects during pain management. The purpose of the present study was to develop accurate and precise single analytical method for determination of Menthol and Methyl Salicylate content in topical cream and gel formulations by gas chromatography. Internal standard technique was used for quantitation of Menthol and Methyl Salicylate by Gas Chromatography in order to reduce sample preparation and injection related errors thereby improving method accuracy. Further developed method was validated to prove its suitability for intended.

Seasonal variability of the main components in essential oil of Mentha × piperita L.

Mentha × piperita is an important and commonly used flavoring plant worldwide. Its constituents, primarily menthol and menthone, change in the essential oil depending on internal and external factors, of which environmental conditions appear very important. The experiment was established in 2010 for three vegetation season, in order to observe the quantitative changes of the main components of peppermint. The determination of menthol, menthone, limonene, menthyl acetate, menthofuran and β-caryophyllene was registered. In the experimental season 2011 and 2012 a higher mean temperature than in 2010 and extreme rainfall in July 2011 and 2012 were recorded. Different environmental conditions affected the development of M. × piperita plants and the content and composition of the essential oil. Seasonal and maturity variations are interlinked with each other, because the specific ontogenic growth stage differed as the season progressed. Fluctuations in monthly and seasonal temperature and precipitation patterns affected the quality of peppermint essential oil.

A stability and validation study of 1%w/w menthol in aqueous cream

Abstract In this study an analytical method for the determination of menthol in aqueous cream was developed, together with the complete validation of the production process and stability testing of 18 months' retained reference samples. Cream packed in 500ml plastic screw cap containers was tested and studied. Up to now there has only been a small scale (1.40kg) manual manufacture of 1%w/w menthol in aqueous cream without any formal quality control analysis and testing carried out on the product. The purpose of this work was to enable large scale manufacture of the product, which would require development of an analytical method and validation of the mixing and filling processes. Stability testing of stored reference samples was carried out concurrently. A stability-indicating, gas-liquid chromatographic method, with the use of an internal standard, was developed and validated for the product. Stability testing of samples stored at 25C ± 1C showed no significant degradation over 18 months. Validation of the manufacturing process by a sequential sampling technique showed the process to be satisfactory and workable at all stages. The current formulation in use is 1%w/w menthol triturated directly into aqueous cream BP.

Rapid assessment of volatile components in Baicao oils by headspace single drop microextrction coupled with gas chromatography

A simple, fast GC method based on headspace single drop microextraction (HS-SDME) was used for the determination of menthol and methyl salicylate in Baicao oils. A special sample pretreatment method was performed by adding 10 microL the oil its methanol solution into 5 mL water in a caped 10 mL sample vial, a 1.5 microL microdrop of N,N-dimethylformamide with benzyl alcohol as internal standard was formed on the pinpoint of microsyringe needle, exposing 5 min at extraction temperature of 40 degrees C. After extraction, 0.5 microL of extract was directely injected into GC for analysis. The determination was carried out on a capillary column (0.53 mm x 30 m) with PEG as the stationary phase with FID as the detector. A temperature programm was employed. The excellent separation and detection of the target components was accomplished. The average recoveries varied between 95.4% and 99.2%, and relative standard deviations were less than 1.9%. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 1.26-80.5 mg x L(-1) for menthol (r = 0.999 0) and 2.49-1.59 x 10(2) mg x L(-1) for methyl salicylate (r = 0.999 1), respectively. The proposed method is proved to be simple, fast, accurate and low cost without complicated sample pretreatment HS-SDME is expected to be widely applied for the analysis of volatile components in traditional Chinese medicines.

Determination of Menthol in Honey by Gas Chromatography

A gas chromatographic method was developed for the determination of L-menthol in honey at levels as low as 0.1 ppm. The method includes steam distillation and hexane extraction with an internal standard (2,6-dimethylphenol). Beehives treated to control Acarapis woodi over 21 days with 30-60 g L-menthol contained L-menthol residues in honey and beeswax. L-Menthol was found only in treated portions of the hive and not later transferred to added honey supers. The highest levels of residues in honey (18 ppm) and beeswax (2790 ppm) were found when pure L-menthol was adsorbed into foam strips placed on top of the hives. L-Menthol residues in honey were not reduced by storage in open containers at room temperature for up to 55 days. Untrained panelists could not detect L-menthol in honey until the levels approached 36 ppm.

Determination of menthol and menthol glucuronide in human urine by gas chromatography using an enzyme-sensitive internal standard and flame ionization detection

The rate of peppermint oil absorption and excretion, following peroral administration, was determined by measuring urinary levels of menthol glucuronide. Menthol, a major component of peppermint oil, was liberated from its glucuronide metabolite by treating raw urine with beta-D-glucuronidase (Patella vulgata). Phenyl glucuronide was employed as an enzyme-sensitive internal standard. Menthol and phenol were recovered by ethyl acetate extraction and quantitated by capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detection. Standard curves were linear between 25 and 250 micrograms/ml with a detection limit (signal-to-noise ratio = 2) of 0.25 microgram/ml. Assay precision was shown to be +/- 1.2% relative standard deviation.

Determination of Menthol in Peppermint Oil. Acetic Anhydride and Pyridine as Reagent

Determination of Menthol in Peppermint Oil. Acetic Anhydride and Pyridine as Reagent

Determination of Menthol in Oil of Peppermint. Acetyl Chloride as A Reagent

Determination of Menthol in Oil of Peppermint. Acetyl Chloride as A Reagent

Determination of Menthol in Oil of Peppermint

Determination of Menthol in Oil of Peppermint