Determination Of Levofloxacin In Urine Research Articles

Nickel/Cobalt Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) (Ni/Co-LDH)-Modified Graphene Nanoribbon-Modified Electrode for the Determination of Levofloxacin

Levofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. This work aimed to produce a new modified electrode for the determination of levofloxacin. The graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) were prepared by chemical oxidation and a layered double hydroxide (LDH) containing nickel and cobalt cations (Ni/Co–LDH) using electrodeposition. The oxidation peak current of levofloxacin showed an increase and shifted to lower potentials using a glassy carbon electrode modified with GNRs and Ni/Co–LDH. The reported electrode demonstrated a linear dynamic range from 5.0 to 150.0 μmol L−1 with a limit of detection for levofloxacin of 1.1 μmol L−1. The modified electrodes were successfully utilized for the determination of levofloxacin in urine.

Determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin in urine by fluorescence polarization immunoassay

A method of fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) has been developed for the determination of levofloxacin in urine. Fluorescein-tagged antigens (tracers) with various fluoroquinolones and fluorescent tags have been synthesized. The tracer based on garenoxacin labeled with 4-aminomethylfluorescein and polyclonal antibodies to levofloxacin was the most sensitive for the determination of fluoroquinolones. A FPIA method has been developed for the determination of levofloxacin with the limit of detection 1.0 ng/mL and analytical range from 2.5 to 50 ng/mL. A one-reagent FPIA method has been developed for the determination of levofloxacin with the limit of detection 0.5 ng/mL and analytical range from 1 to 10 ng/mL. The methods have been tested in the determination of levofloxacin in urine.

Antibiotic Detection in Urine Using Electrochemical Sensors Based on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractA sensitive way to determine levofloxacin using a sensor based on vertical aligned carbon nanotubes is described. The morphology and the electrochemical performance of the electrodes were characterised by atomic force microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. A scan‐rate study and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the levofloxacin oxidation product is adsorbed on the electrode surface. Differential pulse voltammetry in phosphate‐buffer solution allowed the development of a method to determine levofloxacin levels in the range of 1.0–10.0 µmol L−1, with a detection limit of 75.2 nmol L−1. The proposed sensor was successfully applied in the determination of levofloxacin in urine, and the obtained results were in full agreement with those from the HPLC procedure.

Electrochemical study of the interaction of levofloxacin with DNA

The interaction of levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug, with double-stranded calf thymus DNA was studied in solution by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode. Voltammetric behavior of levofloxacin was also studied on dsDNA-modified electrodes. The binding of levofloxacin with DNA, immobilized onto the surface of an anodically activated carbon paste electrode, was exploited for designing a sensitive biosensor for levofloxacin. The response was optimized with respect to accumulation time, ionic strength, drug concentration, reproducibility and other variables. A linear dependence of the peak currents on the concentration was observed in the range of 5.0×10 −7 to 5.0×10 −6 M, with a detection limit of 1.0×10 −7 M. Direct and simple determination of levofloxacin in urine was established with no manipulation of urine sample other than dilution. The detection limit of the method was 25 μg ml −1 of levofloxacin in urine. The method was validated using HPLC as a reference method.