Determine Body Composition Research Articles

The potential role of androgens as early determinants of body composition and metabolic health

The potential role of androgens as early determinants of body composition and metabolic health

Changes in body composition depending on the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism in patients with different variants of treatment of early carbohydrate metabolism disorders

Objective: To study the effect of the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism on changes in the body composition of patients with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders in groups with different variants of treatment.Materials and Methods: The study involved 64 patients (8 men and 56 women) with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders. At baseline, all patients underwent genotyping for the rs1801282 PPARG polymorphism and body composition determination with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Then, the patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of therapy. The patients from Group 1 (40 subjects, mean age 45.2±15.4 years) kept a generally accepted diet with the exclusion of simple carbohydrates and limitation of complex carbohydrates and fats. The patients from Group 2 (24 subjects, mean age 51.2±14.5 years) took metformin in addition to the diet therapy. The effects of different types of treatment on body composition changes were assessed with follow-up BIA 3 months after the start of treatment.Results: Carriers of the mutant G allele of rs1801282 PPARG in the metformin and diet therapy group showed a significant increase in the content of body cell mass (1.28±0.51% vs 0.36±0.37%; P = 0.021) compared with CC homozygotes in the absence of differences in body weight changes (P > 0.05).Conclusions: The presence of the mutant allele G of rs1801282 PPARG promotes the increase in body cell mass in case of adding metformin to the diet therapy in patients with early carbohydrate metabolism disorders.

Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical activity may be a way to increase and maintain fat-free mass (FFM) in later life, similar to the prevention of fractures by increasing peak bone mass.ObjectivesA study is presented of the association between FFM and physical activity in relation to age.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, FFM was analyzed in relation to physical activity in a large participant group as compiled in the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labeled Water database. The database included 2000 participants, age 3–96 y, with measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting energy expenditure (REE) to allow calculation of physical activity level (PAL = TEE/REE), and calculation of FFM from isotope dilution.ResultsPAL was a main determinant of body composition at all ages. Models with age, fat mass (FM), and PAL explained 76% and 85% of the variation in FFM in females and males < 18 y old, and 32% and 47% of the variation in FFM in females and males ≥ 18 y old, respectively. In participants < 18 y old, mean FM-adjusted FFM was 1.7 kg (95% CI: 0.1, 3.2 kg) and 3.4 kg (95% CI: 1.0, 5.6 kg) higher in a very active participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a sedentary participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively. At age 18 y, height and FM–adjusted FFM was 3.6 kg (95% CI: 2.8, 4.4 kg) and 4.4 kg (95% CI: 3.2, 5.7 kg) higher, and at age 80 y 0.7 kg (95% CI: −0.2, 1.7 kg) and 1.0 kg (95% CI: −0.1, 2.1 kg) higher, in a participant with PAL = 2.0 than in a participant with PAL = 1.5, for females and males, respectively.ConclusionsIf these associations are causal, they suggest physical activity is a major determinant of body composition as reflected in peak FFM, and that a physically active lifestyle can only partly protect against loss of FFM in aging adults.

BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS USING BIO-ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS AND ULTRASOUND SCANNING: A RELIABILITY STUDY

Introduction: Body composition assessment is essential in studies in medical, anthropological and sports science. The most commonly used methods are indirect (field) methods including bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA), caliperometry, and ultrasound scans (US). Aim: To study reliability of body composition estimates using ultrasound scanner and Russian bioimpedance equipment in adults. Methods: A total of 191 adults living in Moscow, aged 18-74 years, were recruited. Among them were 135 women, aged 18-67 years, and 56 men, aged 18-74 years. The examination program included measurement of height and weight, waist and hips circumferences, determination of body composition using the BodyMetrix™ ultrasound scanner (IntelaMetrix, USA) and bioimpedance analyzer (ABC-02 Medass, NTC Medass, Russia). Reliability analysis was performed using Bland-Altman method. Results: More than 37 % of the individuals were overweight and obese. In the group of females, no significant differences in the amount of body fat mass (BIA 19,7 kg, US 18,7 kg) and fat-free mass (BIA 43,9 kg, US 43,6 kg) as well as the percentage of body fat (BIA 30,1 %, US 30,2 %) estimated by these methods were found. Similarly in the group of males, body fat mass (BIA 12,1 kg, US 12,5 kg) and fat-free mass (BIA 61,2 kg, US 61,6 kg) as well as the percentage of body fat (BIA 16,5 %, US 17,3 %). We however revealed a systematic bias, which increases with an increase in the value of the estimated parameters. Conclusion: Our findings suggest moderate reliability of the absolute fat mass in the group of females. For all other estimates the reliability was low suggesting that ABC-02 "Medass" equipment does not seem to produce systematically valid results. Therefore, ultrasound scanners should be preferred in studies requiring high quality assessment of body composition.

Metabolomics in early life and the association with body composition at age 2 years

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesEarly life is a critical window for adiposity programming. Metabolic‐profile in early life may reflect this programming and correlate with later life adiposity. We investigated if metabolic‐profile at 3 months of age is predictive for body composition at 2 years and if there are differences between boys and girls and between infant feeding types.MethodsIn 318 healthy term‐born infants, we determined body composition with skinfold measurements and abdominal ultrasound at 3 months and 2 years of age. High‐throughput‐metabolic‐profiling was performed on 3‐month‐blood‐samples. Using random‐forest‐machine‐learning‐models, we studied if the metabolic‐profile at 3 months can predict body composition outcomes at 2 years of age.ResultsPlasma metabolite‐profile at 3 months was found to predict body composition at 2 years, based on truncal: peripheral‐fat‐skinfold‐ratio (T:P‐ratio), with a predictive value of 75.8%, sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 50%. Predictive value was higher in boys (Q2 = 0.322) than girls (Q2 = 0.117). Of the 15 metabolite variables most strongly associated with T:P‐ratio, 11 were also associated with visceral fat at 2 years of age.ConclusionSeveral plasma metabolites (LysoPC(22:2), dimethylarginine and others) at 3 months associate with body composition outcome at 2 years. These results highlight the importance of the first months of life for adiposity programming.

Sarcopenia in young adults with congenital heart disease

AbstractBackgroundThe chronic nature of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) leads to the activation of inflammatory and neurohormonal processes in the body, and there is a possibility of the occurrence of other complications such as sarcopenia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sarcopenia prevalence in adult patients with CHDs.MethodsBetween April 2017 and December 2019, the current investigation recruited 85 patients from those referring to the Outpatient Adult CHD Clinic. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) was employed to determine body composition and muscle mass. Handgrip strength is usually used to measure muscle strength. The 6‐min walk test (6MWT) and the 4‐m gait speed (4MGS) test were used for the evaluation of muscle performance. The presence of sarcopenia was defined based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.ResultsThe study patients (44.7% male) were aged between 16 and 48 years. More than half of them (48 [56.5%] patients) were classified as severe complex CHDs. Most of the patients (73%) were asymptomatic. The diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia were fulfilled by 24 (28.2%) patients, whereas 15 patients fulfilled two criteria and nine patients met all three criteria for sarcopenia. According to the diagnostic criteria, 32.9% of patients had only a decreased skeletal muscle and considered as pre‐sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was more frequent in female patients (P = 0.02), patients with severe complex CHDs (P = 0.03), those with arterial desaturation (P = 0.001), ones with Eisenmenger syndrome (P = 0.002) and those without a history of corrective interventions (P = 0.03). The 6MWT measure was significantly reduced in the patients with sarcopenia (P &lt; 0.0001). The patients with sarcopenia had also higher haemoglobin and haematocrit levels (P &lt; 0.0001). Logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the body mass index, haematocrit and 6MWT distance could be independently associated with sarcopenia in our study population.ConclusionsThe present study showed that adult patients with complex CHDs have impaired muscle strength and reduced muscle mass with a high prevalence of sarcopenia in spite of their young age.

The Effect of The Body Composition to Prognosis in Young Breast Cancer Patients

Objective:In cancer patients, the effect of the body composition on prognosis is a new clinical area of interest. In patients with class 2 or 3 obesity (BMI >35), survival found to be worse control groups in a pooled analysis. BMI category is not truly representing body composition and hard to use to determine the true muscle and fat quantity. Computed tomography (CT) is a frequent method to determine body composition precisely. Methods:Axial CT images, including all abdominal muscles (psoas, erector spinae, quadratus lumborum) external and internal oblique and rectus abdominis) total skeletal muscle area (SMA), was calculated. Besides, axial CT images of the body fat subcutaneous adipose and visceral adipose tissue distribution (VAT, SAT) areas were calculated in cm2 using threshold values of -30 to -190 for adipose tissue. Results:Eighty-four women were included in the study. Most of the patients were normal or over-weighted. Invasive carcinoma NST was the dominant histological subtypes, with 94% of the study population. The count of the sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients was 11 and 68 respectively. Although the median OS cannot be reached at the end of the follow-up period for both groups, the difference between groups statistically insignificant. The median OS was not reached for both groups, the difference between low and high TVAT groups was statistically significant. In multivariate analysis, TVAT was found to be an independent risk factor. Conclusion:In this study, we demonstrate sarcopenia may be seen in patients with breast cancer under 40 years old, and it may not have a prognostic effect.

Body Composition According to Spinal Cord Injury Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The level of injury is linked with biochemical alterations and limitations in physical activity among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), which are crucial determinants of body composition. We searched five electronic databases from inception until 22 July 2021. The pooled effect estimates were computed using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was calculated using I2 statistics and the chi-squared test. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We pooled 40 studies comprising 4872 individuals with SCI (3991 males, 825 females, and 56 sex-unknown) in addition to chronic SCI (median injury duration 12.3 y, IQR 8.03–14.8). Individuals with tetraplegia had a higher fat percentage (weighted mean difference (WMD) 1.9%, 95% CI 0.6, 3.1) and lower lean mass (WMD −3.0 kg, 95% CI −5.9, −0.2) compared to those with paraplegia. Those with tetraplegia also had higher indicators of central adiposity (WMD, visceral adipose tissue area 0.24 dm2 95% CI 0.05, 0.43 and volume 1.05 L 95% CI 0.14, 1.95), whereas body mass index was lower in individuals with tetraplegia than paraplegia (WMD −0.9 kg/mg2, 95% CI −1.4, −0.5). Sex, age, and injury characteristics were observed to be sources of heterogeneity. Thus, individuals with tetraplegia have higher fat composition compared to paraplegia. Anthropometric measures, such as body mass index, may be inaccurate in describing adiposity in SCI individuals.

Associations between genetic loci related to lean mass and body composition in type2 diabetes.

AimSeveral genetic loci related to lean mass have been identified in healthy individuals by genome‐wide association studies; however, the contribution of these loci to body composition in type 2 diabetes remains to be investigated. Here, we aimed to clarify the genetic determinants of body composition in individuals with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 176 Japanese outpatients (70 women and 106 men) with type 2 diabetes were studied using a cross‐sectional design. Body composition was measured using bioimpedance analysis with a commercially available device (InBody770). Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in IRS1 (rs2943656), HSD17B11 (rs9991501), VCAN (rs2287926), ADAMTSL3 (rs4842924) and FTO (rs9936385) were evaluated by genotyping. The contributions of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms to body composition were examined, considering known clinical determinants.ResultsSex, body composition and age were identified as clinical predictors. IRS1 rs2934656 was identified as an independent predictor of skeletal muscle mass (β = 0.11, P = 0.026), and ADAMTSL3 rs4842924 was an independent predictor of body fat mass (β = 0.15, P = 0.0095) and appendicular lean mass (β = −0.13, P = 0.017).ConclusionsThe findings clarified the contribution of genetic factors – IRS1 and ADAMTSL3 – to interindividual variation in body composition, independent of clinical factors, in type 2 diabetes patients. These data will contribute to the establishment of effective methods for the prediction, prevention, and intervention of sarcopenia and frailty in diabetes patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 932–938.

Body composition is associated with operative and oncologic outcomes in the management of retroperitoneal and trunk soft tissue sarcoma

BackgroundSarcopenia, myosteatosis and obesity in cancer may confer negative clinical outcomes, but their prevalence and impact among patients with retroperitoneal and trunk soft tissue sarcoma have not been systematically studied. The aim of this study was to determine body composition among patients with retroperitoneal and trunk sarcoma, and assess impact on operative and oncologic outcomes. MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing treatment with curative intent from 2009 to 2019 were studied. Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat areas, intramuscular adipose, lean body mass and fat mass were determined at diagnosis by CT at L3. Univariable and multivariable linear, logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed. Results95 patients (43.2% retroperitoneal, 48.4% trunk, 46.3% multivisceral resection) were studied. Visceral obesity was evident in 47.4%. Postoperative morbidity occurred in 25.9%, with preoperative radiotherapy (OR10.53 [95% CI 1.08–102.39], P = 0.042) and fat mass (OR1.41 [1.12–1.79], P = 0.004) independently predictive on multivariable analysis, while intramuscular adipose independently predicted inpatient LOS (P < 0.001), wound infection (P = 0.024, OR1.20 [1.02–1.40]) and major postoperative morbidity (P = 0.027, OR1.15 [1.02–1.31]). Increasing fat mass, subcutaneous fat area and intramuscular adipose were associated with greater tumor size (all P < 0.01), while intramuscular adipose predicted disease progression during neoadjuvant therapy (P = 0.024), and independently predicted disease specific survival (DSS) (P = 0.005, HR1.11 [1.03–1.20]) and overall survival (OS) on multivariable analysis (P < 0.001, HR1.19 [1.08–1.31]). ConclusionVisceral obesity is common in retroperitoneal and trunk sarcoma, and measures of adiposity are associated with adverse operative, but not oncologic outcomes. Myosteatosis is independently associated with postoperative morbidity and adverse oncologic outcomes. Body composition may represent a marker of risk among patients with retroperitoneal and trunk sarcoma.

Agreement between body composition techniques in children and adolescents: narrative review of the literature.

Body composition monitoring is important to understand the effect of diet, physical activity, illness and growth on body stores. Body composition determination by accuracy and reproducibility techniques is essential. The objective of this study was to analyze the agreement between body composition techniques in children and adolescents. Literature search was performed using the PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar databases. Only observational studies realized in children and adolescents that analyze agreement between two or more body composition techniques were included. Thirty studies were included. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, air displacement plethysmography, hydrodensitometry, deuterium dilution and four compartment model were the techniques for body composition measurement and bioelectrical impedance and anthropometry were used to estimate body composition. Agreement and correlation between methods was influenced by study populations and by technique considered as gold standard for comparisons. In conclusion, there is a low agreement between the different methods to assess body composition. Correlation and agreement interpretation are essential for body composition assessment in children and adolescents. Is recommended the use of equations developed and validated in this populations.

Body Composition, Energy Availability, Training, and Menstrual Status in Female Runners.

To determine body composition, energy availability, training load, and menstrual status in young elite endurance running athletes (ATH) over 1year, and in a secondary analysis, to investigate how these factors differ between nonrunning controls (CON), and amenorrheic (AME) and eumenorrheic (EUM) ATH. Correlations to injury, illness, and performance were also examined. Altogether 13 ATH and 8 CON completed the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire. Anthropometric, energy intake, and peak oxygen uptake assessments were made at 4 time points throughout the year: at baseline post competition season, post general preparation, post specific preparation, and post competition season the following year. Logs of physical activity, menstrual cycle, illness, and injury were kept by all participants. Performance was defined using the highest International Association of Athletics Federations points prior to and after the study. ATH had significantly lower body mass (P < .008), fat percentage (P < .001), and body mass index (P < .027) compared with CON, while energy availability did not differ between ATH and CON. The Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire score was higher in ATH than in CON (P < .028), and 8 ATH (vs zero CON) were AME. The AME had significantly more injury days (P < .041) and ran less (P < .046) than EUM, while total annual running distance was positively related to changes in performance in ATH (r < .62, P < .043, n < 11). More than half of this group of runners was AME, and they were injured more and ran less than their EUM counterparts. Furthermore, only the EUM runners increased their performance over the course of the year.

IGF-I, Growth, and Body Composition in Preterm Infants up to Term Equivalent Age

ContextThere are concerns that a higher fat mass in the early life of preterm infants is associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in young adulthood.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of IGF-I and growth in determining body composition of preterm infants at term equivalent age.MethodsAn observational study was conducted from August 2015 to August 2018. From birth to term equivalent age, IGF-I levels were measured bi-weekly and growth was assessed weekly. At term equivalent age, body composition was assessed through air displacement plethysmography; 65 infants with a gestational age of 24 to 32 weeks were assessed at term equivalent age, of whom 58 completed body composition measurement. The main outcome measures were fat (free) mass (g) and fat (free) mass percentage at term equivalent age.ResultsIn the first month of life, each 0.1 nmol/L per week increase in IGF-I was associated with a 465 g (SE 125 g) increase in fat free mass. A greater increase in weight SDS in the first month of life was associated with a higher fat free mass percentage (B 200.9; 95% CI, 12.1-389.6). A higher head circumference SDS was associated with more fat free mass (r = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.21-0.65). However, a greater increase in weight SDS up to term equivalent age was associated with a lower fat free mass percentage (B −55.7, SE 9.4).ConclusionThese findings suggest that impaired growth in the first month of life is associated with a less favorable body composition at term equivalent age.

Traditional weight loss and dukan diets as to nutritional and laboratory results

Traditional weight loss and dukan diets as to nutritional and laboratory results

A demographic approach to assess elevated blood pressure and obesity in prepubescent children: the ExAMIN Youth South Africa study.

Obesity and hypertension prevalence among children are a concern, with limited evidence available on sex and ethnic differences in childhood blood pressure. We aimed to determine the number of children with hypertension and obesity to identify unique adiposity and blood pressure characteristics by sex and ethnicity, and to estimate the odds of having elevated blood pressure with increasing adiposity. We included 1062 healthy children (5-9 years of age) in an observational school-based study in South Africa. Pediatric validated automated devices were used to measure brachial blood pressure and performed pulse wave analysis to assess central hemodynamics. Standard anthropometry was carried out to determine body composition and demographic questionnaires were completed. Almost 20% of children were overweight/obese and 14.1% had elevated blood pressure or hypertension (22.8%). Ethnic differences included greater adiposity in white compared with black children (all P < 0.0001), but higher DBP and total vascular resistance in black compared with white children (both P < 0.05). DBP and total vascular resistance were also higher in girls than boys (both P < 0.01). A 51-60% increased risk of developing elevated blood pressure was observed for 1SD (standard deviation) increase of sex-specific BMI [1.60 (1.4-1.8); P < 0.0001] and waist/height ratio [1.51 (1.3-1.7); P < 0.0001]. Unique sex and ethnic differences in body composition and blood pressure exist in prepubescent children, with overweight/obesity increasing the risk of elevated blood pressure. Our findings support primary prevention strategies to combat the growing burden of hypertension and obesity-related diseases in youth. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04056377).

Application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Nutritional Status: A Literature Review with Focus on Dialysis Patients.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is indispensable in clinical medicine for the morphological and tomographic evaluation of many parenchymal organs. With varied imaging methods, diverse biological information, such as the perfusion volume and measurements of metabolic products, can be obtained. In addition to conventional MRI for morphological assessment, diffusion-weighted MRI/diffusion tensor imaging is used to evaluate white matter structures in the brain; arterial spin labeling is used for cerebral blood flow evaluation; magnetic resonance elastography for fatty liver and cirrhosis evaluation; magnetic resonance spectroscopy for evaluation of metabolites in specific regions of the brain; and blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging for neurological exploration of eating behavior, obesity, and food perception. This range of applications will continue to expand in the future. Nutritional science is a multidisciplinary and all-inclusive field of research; therefore, there are many different applications of MRI. We present a literature review of MRI techniques that can be used to evaluate the nutritional status, particularly in patients on dialysis. We used MEDLINE as the information source, conducted a keyword search in PubMed, and found that, as a nutritional evaluation method, MRI has been used frequently to comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate muscle mass for the determination of body composition.

Obesity as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: focus on ultrasound

For many decades, obesity has been one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Despite medical advances, the obesity increases contribution to morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Numerous anthropometric criteria for obesity are well-studied, simple and inexpensive tools for diagnosing overweight in the population. However, their accuracy is comparatively low. In particular, it is impossible to determine body composition based on these criteria, which is a key point in cardiovascular risk stratification. Despite the relatively short period of ultrasound practice for obesity diagnosis, convincing evidence has already been obtained of their high accuracy and effectiveness in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. Given the continuous improvement of ultrasound equipment, the studied criteria should be implemented in routine clinical and research practice. This literature review describes the central parameters used in the ultrasound diagnosis of obesity, their contribution to both conventional risk factors and cardiovascular diseases itself.

Different feeding regimens were not associated with variation in body composition in preterm infants

Aim The aim was to determine body composition and growth in preterm infants based on two different feeding regimens and to assess how standard and individual fortification (IF) affect energy and protein intake. Body composition was assessed at full term and at four months corrected age. Methods Sixty preterm infants born before gestational week 32 were randomized either to IF of mother’s breast milk after it had been analyzed or to standard fortification (SF) of mother’s breast milk based on the average protein and energy content of breast milk. Body composition was measured at full term and at four months corrected age, using air displacement plethysmography. Growth rate and nutritional intake analyses were also conducted. Results At 40 weeks gestational age, there was no difference between weight (g) (IF 3056 ± 472 vs. SF 3119 ± 564), body fat (%) (IF 19 ± 3.3 vs. SF 21 ± 5.6), fat mass, or fat-free mass between the two groups. Furthermore, there was no difference between the groups in weight, length, head circumference, or body composition at four months corrected age. Conclusions Fortification based on breast milk analysis may not improve growth in preterm infants compared to SF. However, both groups were smaller and had a different body composition at term corrected age compared to infants born at term.

The potential role of androgens as early determinants of body composition and metabolic health.

Searchable abstracts of presentations at key conferences in endocrinology ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)

The relationship between serum magnesium and bio-electrical impedance variables in patients undergoing dialysis

Introduction: The relationships between serum magnesium(Mg) levels and body composition or clinical outcomes of incident dialysis patients remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlations between magnesium and bio-electrical impedance variables, a method of determining body composition in two groups of hemodialysis(HD) and peritoneal dialysis(PD) patients. Methods: This prospective observational study examined the relationships between Serum Mg levels and Bio-impedance variables including total body fat, body cell mass, extra cellular mass, total body water (TBW), intra and extra cellular water (ICW and ECW), ECW/ICW and phase angle (PA) in incident 38 HD and 34 PD patients since December of 2012 in Mashhad Imam Reza Hospital dialysis center. The correlation between Mg and bio-impedance variables was assessed applying the student test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: the average concentration of serum Mg was 1.22 mmol/L in HD patients and 1.20 mmol/L in PD patients which is well above the reference range in normal population. the average amount of body water and also ICW in patients were significantly higher than HD patients. Our statistical analysis showed no significant relation between serum Mg and Bio-electrical impedance variables in HD patients, however in PD patients, a statistically significant correlation was found between serum Mg and ECW (r = 0.48, p = 0.02), ICW (r =- 0.48, p = 0.02), and ECW/ICW (r = 0.43, p = 0.02). Conclusion: we speculated that there is a link between serum Mg level and intravascular and extravascular water content in PD patients, however we cannot prove any correlation between serum Mg level and Bio-impedance variables in such patients. This could be considered as a sign of Mg role in healthy cell function in PD patients.