Deterious Effects Research Articles

WTP2.11 Ipsilateral allograft placement in simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation provides equivalent outcomes to standard techniques

Abstract Aims In simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation (SPK) grafts are conventionally implanted controlaterally (cSPK), with the pancreas allograft (PG) on right iliac fossa and kidney allograft (KG) on the left. Ipsilateral implant (iSPK) of both grafts on the right side has been previously described but remains underutilised, potentially due to concerns regarding technical complications. We aimed to assess feasibility, safety and outcomes of an iSPK implantation technique. Methods A retrospective analysis of a contemporaneous database of SPK transplants was performed. Grafts laterality was noted (iSPK or cSPK) with implantation decision dependent on surgeon preference and recipient factors. Recipients’ characteristics, surgical outcomes and graft and patient survival rates were compared. Results 162 SPKs were performed (cSPK n=126 and iSPK n=36) between 2015-21. Recipient’s' demographics, indications, diabetic burden and comorbidities were comparable between the groups. Cold and and warm ischaemia times, intraoperative time, rates of complications, reoperation and readmission comparison showed no statistically significative difference between the 2 groups (p=NS). Survival rates for grafts (iSPK=97.2% vs cSPK=91.2%, p=NS) and patient (iSPK=97.2% vs cSPK=98.4%, p=NS) at 1 year follow-up was comparable as well. Conclusions In our experience iSPK appears to be a safe and feasible alternative, with comparable outcomes to cSPK. With increasing experience, iSPK could be offered to a larger number of recipients as there are no deterious effects on KG outcome. iSPK may provide benefit in reduction of operative time coupled with preservation of the contralateral side for future transplants, impacting on longer term patient longevity.

Effect of Some Construction Factors of Bi-layer Knitted Fabrics Produced for Sports Wear on Resisting Ultraviolet Radiation

Ultraviolet rays represent a very low fraction of the solar spectrum which damages all living organisms and their metabolisms. Such radiations can cause a variety of symptoms, from basic tanning to extremely malignant skin cancers, fabrics with correct design specification, absorbers, and finishing methods, can play a very important role as a shielding system against the deterious effects of Ultraviolet rays. This study will stress on bi-layer knitted fabrics because knitted goods of all kinds are widely popular due to their flexibility ability to adjust, stretch when worn to a specific shape and their general comfortable wear. Knitted fabrics are widely used in Sportswear, summer clothes, under wears and Childs' clothes due to their excellent stretch and recovery, porosity, air permeability. Also knitted fabrics especially weft knitted fabrics are easier to be produced, and less cost compared to woven fabrics. Because of this fact, most previous research concerns woven structures that are typically less porous and offer higher protection against UV. The possibility of obtaining knitted fabrics with sufficient UV protection factor is of great interest, however, as knitted fabrics are more suitable for both sports and casual summer fashion garments. Current literature on the UV protection factor of knitted fabrics is very small and mostly concerns fabrics developed in machines with relatively large gauges This study is trying to find a solution for this problem by studying the Influence of weft knitted fabrics Construction with its' different parameters for Protection against Ultraviolet Radiation in sportswear applications.

Morphological and Biochemical Features of Cerebellar Cortex After Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Possible Protective Role of Curcumin.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are widely used in the last decades. Therefore, investigation of its neurotoxic effect is important. This work aimed to investigate the potential adverse effects of ZnONPs on rat's cerebellar cortex and the possible neuroprotective role of curcumin (Cur). Forty male albino rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Two groups were injected with ZnONPs and one group was previously received Cur before ZnONPs. At the end of the experiment, cerebellar tissue samples were prepared for histological, morphometric, immunohistochemical study, and tissue levels of oxidative stress markers and cytokine analysis. cerebellar damage is clearly visible with ZnONPs. Degeneration, loss, disorganization of cerebellar neurons was observed. Histopathological degeneration of Purkinje and granular cells together with loss of Nissl substance, astrocyte gliosis, and affection of cerebellar blood brain barrier were detected. Moreover, an apoptotic marker (caspase-3) was significantly expressed in Purkinje and granular layers together with elevated gene expression of P53 and COX-2 in cerebellar tissue of ZnONPs intoxicated group. Astrocyte gliosis and inflammatory markers IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were expressed significantly in ZnONPs intoxicated cerebellum. These changes were associated with evidence of cerebellar oxidative stress. Strikingly, treatment with Cur together with ZnONPs recorded morphological improvement, with increased number of Purkinje cells and decreased caspase +ve cells. These findings were confirmed by morphometric and statistical analysis. Cur ameliorates the deterious effect of ZnONPs on the cerebellar cortex through its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Neuroprotective role of curcumin on the hippocampus against the structural and serological alterations of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Sprague Dawely rats.

Objective(s):Diabetes mellitus causes impaired memory and cognitive functions. The hippocampus plays a key role in memory and learning. Curcumin attenuates diabetic nephropathy in vivo. Curcumin has shown a neurogenic effect and cognition-enhancing potential in aged rats. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible protective role of curcumin on the histological and serological changes of the hippocampus in diabetic rats.Materials and Methods:Forty albino rats were divided into four groups, ten rats each. Group 1 control rats, group 2 rats received curcumin orally (200 mg/kg/day for six weeks), group 3 rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) (100 mg/kg, single dose), group 4 received a single injection of STZ and received curcumin orally for six weeks. Paraffin sections of hippocampus were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain, and immnunohistochemical staining for GFAP and caspase-3. Morphometrical and statistical analyses were performed. Glycemic status and parameters of oxidative stress was measured.Results:Examination of hippocampus of diabetic rats showed disorganization of small pyramidal cells in CA1, many cellular losses in the pyramidal cells of CA3, many degenerated granule cells in the dentate gyrus. GFAP positive astrocyte and caspase-3 positive neuron counts were significantly increased. There were significant serum glucose elevation and significant lowered levels of oxidative stress parameters as compared to control rats. Curcumin administration improved the structural and serological alterations of the hippocampus with significant reduction in serum glucose level.Conclusion:Curcumin ameliorates the deterious effect of diabetes on the hippocampus through its antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory efficacies.

Effect of Multi Nutrient on Sweet Orange

Sweet orange one of the most important fruit crop. The deterious effect of the nutrient stress lead to reduction in fruit yield and quality of sweet orange. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge to evaluate the effect of multinutrient on yield and quality attributes of sweet orange. The result of many works indicates that number of fruits per tree, weight of fruit increased with the application of balanced dose of NPK along with multi micronutrient. The quality of fruits in terms of juice, TSS, fruit girth, ascorbic acid content, reducing and nonreducing sugar increased with the application of multi micronutrient along with NPK. Whereas acidity is low in balance nutrient application in field.

Protective Role of an Aqueous Extract of Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Peel on Lead-Induced Anemia In Rats

Lead play a crucial role in the occurrence of many diseases in animal and human, Punica granatum is a plant that has high nutritional value, Therefore this study assessed the ability of pomegranate peel aqueous extract to alleviate anemia induced by lead . The results revealed that administration of lead acetate caused high significant decreased in RBCs, Hb, PCV, WBCs, platelets iron, copper, and significant increase in erythropiotin hormone, billirubin and serum lead. Unfortunately, pomegranate peel was polluted with lead so the experiment become comparison between three groups contain different doses of lead. in spite of that, pomegranate peel water extract could ameliorate deterious effect of lead apparently showing in heamatological parameters but with unwanted effect on bone marrows represented by decreased cellularity .

EFFECT OF VIRGIN OLIVE OIL (<i>OLEA EUROPEA</i>. L) ON KIDNEY FUNCTION IMPAIRMENT AND OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY MERCURIC CHLORIDE IN RATS

The study was designed to investigate the possible protective role of virgin olive oil in mercuric chloride induced renal stress, by using biochemical approaches. The effects of virgin olive oil on mercuric chloride induced oxidative and renal stress were evaluated by serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels, kidney tissue lipid peroxidation, GSH levels, GSH-Px and GST activities. Administration of mercuric chloride induced significant increase in serum: interleukine1, interleukine6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) levels, creatinine, urea and uric acid concentration showing renal stress. Mercuric chloride also induced oxidative stress, as indicate by decreased kidney tissue of GSH level, GSH-Px and GST activities along with increase the level of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, treatment with mercuric chloride caused a marked elevation of kidney weight and decreased body weight. Virgin olive oil treatment markedly reduced elevated serum: IL1, IL6, TNFα, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels and conteracted the deterious effects of mercuric chloride on oxidative stress markers changes caused by HgCl2 in kidney. Our results indicate that virgin olive oil could have a beneficial role against mercuric chloride induced oxidative and renal stress in rat.

Efficient Removal of Serum Bilirubin by a Novel Artificial Liver Support System Using Albumin Convection: A Pilot Study

Background/Aims: To compare the efficacy of a new artificial liver support system, fractionated plasma separation and adsorption integrated with hemofiltration, with the old system, plasma adsorption. Methods: Sixteen patients with acute liver failure each received a first session of treatment using the old system, in which plasma was perfused through an adsorber. They then received a second session using the new system, in which albumin-rich plasma separated using a fraction plasma separator was ultrafiltrated using a hemofilter and perfused through an adsorber before being returned to blood. Results: The new system had a higher clearance of bilirubin and slower decline of clearance over time. There was a lower reduction ratio of bilirubin, bile acid, urea, and creatinine; longer prolongation of coagulation parameters; and greater decline in albumin level using the old system compared with the new one. Conclusions: Use of the novel system results in more efficient removal of toxins and fewer deterious effects than the old system.

Effects of green-keeping treatment on the functional constituents in flower tea of Eucommia ulmoides

Browning of the male flower of Eucommia ulmoides, which occurs easily and frequently after its collection from the living tree, has deterious effects on the quality of the flower tea since the functional constitutes are mostly impaired, which nowadays has become a bottleneck issue in the manufacture of Eucommia flower tea. Therefore the green-keeping procedure becomes one of the key steps in the production of the flower tea. The essence of green-keeping treatment is to protect functional constituents such as chlorophylls and phenols in the flower from degradation, in order to improve the sensory quality of the flower tea. In this study, different green-keeping treatments, including addition of salts (metal ions), ascorbic acid, citric acid, as well as steaming and quick boiling were compared to examine their effects on the functional constituents and sensory quality of the flower tea. The results showed that functional constituents were well maintained and the sensory quality was satisfactory after the flower was treated by steaming for 30–60s, and spraying with 0.05% zinc sulfate or 0.1% citric acid. Processing procedures of making Eucommia flower tea were summarized systematically based on our previous study: the freshly picked flowers were air-dried, followed by green-keeping treatments that were selected from the current study, enzyme-deactivation, and microwave drying. This study would provide useful information for the tea industry in the aspect of maintaining the qualities of the flower tea both externally and internally.

De la coronarographie standard à la double angiographie rotationnelle : résultats d’un registre mono-centrique rétrospectif

X-ray doses (delivered) to the patients during coronary angiography (CA) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) show ability of one certain deterious effects and can be sometimes at very high level. According to the European directives, all the equipments allowing to make diagnostic and interventional procedure integrate a unit of measure of the Dose Area Product. This measure is associated in a linear way with the effective dose and allows to measure the stochastic risk, the indicator also of good practices. Stemming from general vascular rotational acquisition technology, the cardiac rotational angiography is potentially beneficial for the patients and the operators concerning the exposure in ionizing radiations. The purpose of this study is to measure retrospectively the various dominating indicators in the irradiation of the patients on a series of case realized from January, 2009 till May, 2009 further to the implementation of this technique of acquisition. The dose area product, the duration of fluoroscopy as well as the number of acquired images were measured after coronary angiogram at 250 consecutive patients between January, 2009 and May, 2009. The procedures were realized by four operators, using the femoral access. The dose area product, the durations of fluoroscopy as well as the number of images has been respectively of 39,3 Gy cm 2 [4,7–210,65 Gy cm 2], 8,4 minutes [0,8–38 minutes] and 575 frames [175–1427 frames] in standard coronary angiogram; 33,64 Gy cm 2 [4,95–85,6 Gy cm 2], 2,8 minutes [1,1–26 minutes], 503 frames [314–836 frames] in single rotational coronary angiogram; 24,26 Gy cm 2 [5,74–51,1 Gy cm 2], 3,9 minutes [1,3–14 minutes], 272 frames [127–429 frames] in double rotational coronary angiogram. In conclusion, the exposure of the patient to the X-rays, the practitioners and paramedical in interventional cardiology depends on the operator, on the fluoroscopy time and on the number of acquired images. The double rotational angiography is one of the solution to achieve these objectives.

Possible hypoglycemic effect of Aloe vera L. high molecular weight fractions on type 2 diabetic patients

Aloe vera L. high molecular weight fractions (AHM) containing less than 10 ppm of barbaloin and polysaccharide (MW: 1000 kDa) with glycoprotein, verectin (MW: 29 kDa), were prepared by patented hyper-dry system in combination of freeze–dry technique with microwave and far infrared radiation. AHM produced significant decrease in blood glucose level sustained for 6 weeks of the start of the study. Significant decrease in triglycerides was only observed 4 weeks after treatment and continued thereafter. No deterious effects on kidney and liver functions were apparent. Treatment of diabetic patients with AHM may relief vascular complications probably via activation of immunosystem.

Reduction of residual oxygen incorporation and deep levels by substrate misorientation in InGaAlP alloys

Effects of substrate misorientation on deep levels and on oxygen incorporation have been investigated in undoped In 0.5(Ga 1− x Al x ) 0.5P( x = 0.0−1.0) grown be metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements have revealed three deep levels ( E DLTS = 0.42 eV, 0.64 eV and ≈ 1.0 eV). The concentrations of the deeper two deep levels increased with increasing x, and they were drastically reduced by using (100) substrate 15° off tilted towards [011]. The residual oxygen concentration was also reduced by using the off-axis substrate. It has been shown that the above-mentioned two deep levels are related to oxygen, and have deterious effects on the luminescent properties of InGaAlP alloys.

NUTRIENT CHARACTERIZATION OF COLOR MODIFIED AND UNALTERED FLAKED TURKEY THIGH MEAT

ABSTRACTFlaked, skinless and boneless turkey thighs were successively washed in 0.03M sodium phosphate buffers at pH 5.8, 7.4 and 8.0. Proximate, mineraland riboflavin composition, as well as protein efficiency ratio (PER) and apparent digestibility (AD) using the rat bioassay technique were determined for three replications. The color modified tissue (CMT) had a higher (P=0.0429) moisture content and less crude protein and ash (P = 0.0527 and 0.0047, respectively) than flaked thigh (THI). Percentage of iron, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium and manganese decreased (P=0.0187) after color modification. Calcium, zinc and copper concentrations did not change (P=0.1184) and sodium increased (P = 0.0058). Riboflavin was reduced by 30%. The PER of CMT was lower (P = 0.0318) than THI, but higher (P=0.0001) than either casein or egg albumen diets. AD of CMT was 90.7% which is comparable to other meat products. Although color modification was quite visible, it did not have a deterious effect on protein quality.

Effect of Neguvon® and Nuvan® treatment on crabs ( Cancer pagurus, C. maenas), lobster ( Homarus gammarus) and blue mussel ( Mytilus edulis)

Survival tests were carried out with crabs, lobsters and blue mussels held in tanks of flowing seawater and subjected to Neguvon at 10, 1, 0.5 and 0.1 ppm and to Nuvan at 1, 0.01 ppm. Homarus gammarus was the most susceptible species; the animals died within 24 h at Neguvon levels of 0.5 ppm and higher and at Nuvan levels of 0.1 ppm and higher. The use of these chemicals in salmon farming appears to have deterious effects on marine invertebrate species.

血清リポ蛋白の三次元形態の検討

Recent trends in biological science indicate that there is close correlation between biological function and shape of macromolecules. We consider this also as relevant in the study of serum lipoproteins. However, the morphological aspects of lipoprotein metabolism have not been widely studied, because of the technical difficulties and instrumental limitations.We approached this field by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and explored in this study the methodology for SEM of serum lipoproteins. Using Chylomicron and VLDL as lipoprotein model, we checked the following five points: i) effect of isolation procedures of lipoproteins, ii) suitable fixation, iii) influence of carbon and gold coating, iv) comparison for configurations between transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SEM, and v) variance due to different serum lipid levels.Both lipoproteins isolated by ultracentrifugation at 9, 500g for 45 minutes for chylomicron and at 82, 000g for 16 hours for VLDL and those isolated by gel-filtration with Bio-Gel A-150m had no deterious effects, while lipoproteins gained by precipitation with heparin-managenese showed the surface fused with several particles. There was no difference in size and shape of SEM between the single fixation with 1% OsO4 for 16 hours and the double fixation with 3% glutaraldehyde for 30 minutes plus 1% OsO4, 16 hours. However, there was a great difference in shape of lipoproteins when we compared TEM of the lipoproteins negatively stained with 3% phosphotungstic acid for 60 seconds and SEM of the lipoproteins fixed with 1% OsO4 for 16 hours. The former had occasionally collapsed, polygonal particles with the surface shrinked and uneven, while the latter revealed the spheres with the surface plump and smooth.From these results, we conclude that SEM gives a better undistorted, three dimensional forms of lipoproteins than TEM of negatively stained lipoproteins. The methods for the SEM of serum lipoproteins in the final form are, thus, as follows; chylomicron (d<0.9) and VLDL (d<1.006) were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and washed with physiological saline solution three times, then fixed with 1% OsO4 for 16 hours. The fixed lipoproteins were washed with distilled water more than 10 times, and mounted on a specimen holder to coat with carbon and gold, then viewed under SEM at 10, 000-30, 000x magnifications.A preliminary application of this method revealed that VLDL from normolipidemic subjects had an average diameter of 561±197 Å, while those from hypertriglyceridemic patients had a greater diameter ranging from 1995±1355Å to 3040±922Å. SEM of serum lipoprotein will be used as a useful tool for the morphological studies on serum lipoproteins.

The Role of Intracellular Yeastlike Symbiotes in the Development of Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera : Delphacidae)

The intracellular yeastlike symbiotes in Laodelphax striatellus are destroyed by heat treatment (at 35°C for the first 3 days of the nymph). The heat treatment shows a deleterious effect on the adult moult; a number of the insects fail to emerge. The administration of cholesterol to the heat-treated insects largely promoted the adult moult. β-Sitosterol also had an effect on the recovery of the deleterious effect. The heat-treated 5th-instar nymphs fairly moulted by application of ecdysterone. The deterious effect seems to come from the collapse of the yeastlike symbiotes through steroid metabolism of the insect. The yeastlike symbiotes appear to play an important role in supplying sufficient sterol for the development of L. striatellus.

Fine grinding and agglomeration of silicates

The purpose of comminution is the disintegration of solids and the forming of the largest possible and most active surface area by supplying mechanical energy. The development of fineness is determined by two counteracting processes, one being the increase of free surface accompanied by particle size reduction, the other being the decrease of free surface accompanied by particle size increase. Among the processes accompanying particle size increase, two stages can be distinguished: first, aggregation, i.e., the weak, reversible adhesion of particle due to van der Waals forces, occurring during grinding for short times, and second, in the case of grinding for long times, a very compact, irreversible adhesion (crystallization, welding) of the particles due to chemical forces larger by several orders of magnitude; i.e. agglomeration. While aggregation primarily influences the progress and effectiveness of the grinding process, agglomeration has a deterious effect on certain properties of the grinding product.

Behavior of asynergic ventricle.

Effect of increased left atrial pressure and a positive inotropic agent upon asynergic left ventricle which was produced by acute occlusion of LAD were examined in 8 open-chest dogs. Systolic bulging in ischemic area was qualified by ESL/EDL in percentage. Left atrial pressure was controlled by the reservoir connected to left atrial appendage with a large bore tubing. Cardiac output and aortic pressure were decreased following coronary occlusion without change in isometric developed tension in nonischemic area of left ventricle. Increase of left atrial pressure from 5 mmHg to 14 mmHg produced rise in stroke volume to 191% and rise in aortic pressure to 156% in asynergic left ventricle respectively. These increases were not accompanied by change in ESL/EDL. Therefore, extracardiac factors were assumed to explain the prominent increase in left ventricular stroke work by elevation of left atrial pressure in asynergic left ventricle. Isoproterenol enhanced total cardiac performance by increasing the function of nonischemic area without deterious effect on the ischemic area.

Deleterious effects of bretylium in cats with digitalis-induced ventricular tachycardia.

The effect of bretylium on ventricular tachycardia induced by digitalis was studied in Dialurethane-anesthetized cats with continuous monitoring of the electrocardiogram and arterial blood pressure. Ventricular tachycardia was produced by repeated injections of deslanoside (25 µg/kg) at 15 min intervals. Only one of eight animals showed conversion of ventricular tachycardia to sinus rhythm with bretylium administration (2-100 mg/kg i.v.). In each animal, bretylium increased the ventricular rate. The effect of bretylium (30 mg/kg i.v.) on duration of ventricular tachycardia induced by deslanoside (0.75 µg/kg/min) was also studied. Duration was shortened from 65 ± 8.0 min to 7 ± 1.0 min, but the reduction was due to the intervention of either ventricular fibrillation or severe hypotension caused by bretylium. Pretreatment with propranolol (0.5 mg/kg i.v.) prevented these deleterious effects and unmasked an antiarrhythmic effect of bretylium since duration of ventricular tachycardia was significantly shorter (40 ± 6.0 min) than the controls (65 ± 8.0 min). In addition, an antiarrhythmic effect of bretylium was noted when it was administered as a dose of 30 mg/kg ip to animals 24 and 4 hours prior to deslanoside intoxication; 231 µg/kg deslanoside were now required for inducing ventricular tachycardia as compared to 175 µg/kg deslanoside in controls. Thus, bretylium given alone during a digitalis-induced ventricular tachycardia increases both the rate of ventricular tachycardia and the likelihood of ventricular fibrillation. These deterious effects appear to be related to a norepinephrine-releasing action and may be avoided by either pretreatment with propranolol or administration of bretylium several hours prior to digitalis intoxication.

Dominant effects of recessive lethals in mice: II. Viability and mating ability

Fron 17 F 1 males, suspected of being heterozygous for recessive lethals, F 2 males were produced. The F 2 males were tested for possible dominance effects, and later back-crossed to their daughters. By this method lethality was confirmed in 14 families. Comparisons between lethal-free and lethal carriers indicate no overall deterious effect on viability of lethal heterozygosity evyen though one family showed a significantly increasedp rate of intrauterine death. Examination of the proportion of pregnant females in the dominance test revealed an inferiority in mating ability of lethal heterozygous males as compared with lethal-free males. The importance of tests of various fitness components is stressed.