Detention Centers Research Articles

Towards Better (Territorial) Solutions for Displaced People: The Tibetan Model

This article envisions alternatives for refugee camps, detention centres and precarious encampments by exploring the management of Tibetan refugee settlements, particularly in India. They have developed from encampments to unique settlements, forming a community some call the world’s most successful refugee community. In terms of existing alternative ideas to provide better placements for the displaced, these settlements share similarities with a vision of Refugia, which aims to increase refugees’ agency and end mass displacement through a network of autonomous places. The Tibetan model can predict some challenges and possibilities of Refugia and suggest improvements to the current refugee protection system.

The expression of gender and sexual orientation norms in the rehabilitation of detained juveniles

This research focuses on how the expression of gender and sexual orientation norms interacts with the rehabilitation of minors in deprivation of liberty. It explores the manifestation of the social constructions related to these issues in detention centers for boys and girls in Bogota, Colombia. It highlights the tensions that exist between a non-discriminatory approach advocated by institutional policies versus an individualized and inclusive approach to the rehabilitation of minors.

Perda de seguimento da tuberculose na população privada de liberdade: fatores preditivos

Abstract Objective To analyze the predictive factors for loss to follow-up of tuberculosis treatment in people deprived of liberty in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods Retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from secondary sources on people deprived of their liberty notified of tuberculosis in the state between 2015 and 2017. The risk of loss to follow-up according to the exposure variables (sociodemographic, case detection, clinical and follow-up) was established by the crude Odds Ratio, which, when significant, were included in the multiple model with the forward method, determining their adjusted Odds Ratio. Results A total of 9,153 cases were included in the study, of which 6% were closed as loss to follow-up. In the multiple analysis, the predictor variables for loss to follow-up were: female gender; notification by certain coordinating bodies; re-treatment after abandonment, ongoing drug resistance without information, type of treatment without information and need for hospitalization. Conclusion The study’s findings highlight the importance of raising awareness among health professionals in prisons about identifying the risk profile for loss of follow-up in tuberculosis treatment among people deprived of their liberty. This includes women detained in the metropolitan region, in pre-trial detention centers and prison progression centers. In addition, this should include people in post-abandonment retreatment, in need of hospitalization and without information on drug resistance and type of treatment.

Pre-trial detention center as a subject of execution of punishment and preventive measure in the form of detention

Pre-trial detention center as a subject of execution of punishment and preventive measure in the form of detention

On the problems of legal regulation of criminal procedural legal relations functioning at the initial stage of execution and serving of criminal sentences and their impact on criminal executive legal relations

The article analyzes the problems and features of the legal regulation of criminal procedural legal relations arising, changing or terminating at the initial stage of execution and serving of criminal sentences. The paper deals with the legal relations functioning within the boundaries determined by the moment when the court's conviction comes into legal force and the beginning of the actual execution of the criminal punishment (measure) by the authorized institution. In the course of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that for the normal development of criminal procedural legal relations and the timely emergence of general and specific criminal-executive legal ties at the initial stage of execution and serving of criminal sentences, it is necessary: - to solve problematic issues arising at the stage of the entry into force of the court's conviction and its appeal for execution. For example, it is proposed to fix in the Criminal Procedure Code the fact that only the person in respect of whom the conviction of the court has entered into legal force will be a convict, which will contribute to the elimination of problems related to the determination of the legal status of persons in respect of whom the accused the court verdict has not entered into legal force; - to make changes in terms of improving the legal status of convicts before they are sent from the pre-trial detention center to prison. For example, it is necessary to provide an opportunity for a convict to have a meeting not only with shy people, but also with other persons; - to exclude from the criminal procedural and criminal executive legislation duplicating norms that may differ in structure and create problems for the legislator. The conclusions are the result of a long study by the author of the norms of criminal procedural and criminal executive law, the practice of their use, as well as a survey of practitioners (365 prison officers were interviewed) who carry out criminal sentences.

도심복합구치소 법원 연계형 경관의 CPTED 특성 연구

The urban detention center is an abhorrent facility, but it is also a necessary facility for running the country. In order to achieve the speed and efficiency of judicial procedures, it is desirable that the facility be located together with the administrative town or legal town within the city. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of the court-connected landscape among the landscape characteristics of the urban detention center that is essential in the city. Through this study, the urban complex detention center, which is an essential facility in the city, will be able to derive the landscape characteristics that are essential for performing its functions smoothly and efficiently while minimizing the sense of incongruity in the surrounding urban context, and will be smoothly reflected in future architectural plans. The urban detention center is a hated facility in the city, but it is a facility that is essential for the speed and efficiency of judicial procedures and requires appropriate access and control at the same time. In order to perform its function smoothly while minimizing the sense of incongruity with the surrounding context in an urban legal town, special solutions and architectural methodologies are needed in the landscape sector.

Successes and Challenges in Implementing a Human Trafficking Screening Tool in a Local Detention Center

Research solidly documents the victim-offender overlap in various crimes, including human trafficking. Given the hidden nature of this exploitative crime, increasing the identification of victims is crucial. One way to do this is through the creation and implementation of screening tools. To date, most screening tools for human trafficking victims are created by and implemented in the field of health care or with youth or young adults, particularly those who have experienced housing instability. However, the use of these tools to identify victims of human trafficking in correctional settings—where victims are often misidentified as offenders—is limited. To address this deficiency, a victim-centered, trauma-informed screening tool was implemented in a local detention center to identify human trafficking victims, with the purpose of offering them resources to facilitate their exit from trafficking situations. This article outlines the creation and implementation of the tool and discusses its successes, challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations for replication.

Efektivitas Kebijakan Bebas Peredaran Uang (BPU) Dalam Mencegah Peredaran Narkotika Berdasarkan Pasal 5c Permenkumham No. 29 Tahun 2017 di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Narkotika Kelas IIB Muara Sabak

Since the establishment of Correctional Institutions (Lapas), which were originally called prisons and State Detention Centers, various regulations regarding money control in prisons and detention centers have been enforced. However, various efforts that have been made through the application of regulations and restrictions as well as policies on free circulation of money in prisons/detention centers are still not in accordance with the expected objectives. The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze the effectiveness of the Free Money Circulation policy in preventing the circulation of narcotics based on Article 5C of Permenkumham No. 29 of 2017 at the Muara Sabak Class IIB Narcotics Penitentiary, to analyze the inhibiting factors, as well as efforts to overcome them. The method used in this research is empirical juridical which uses primary data. The results of the research show that the policy of free circulation of money based on Article 5C of Permenkumham No. 29 of 2017 is less effective in preventing the circulation of narcotics at Class IIB Narcotics Prison Muara Sabak. This is proven based on facts supported by data obtained in research, that from 2020 to 2022 the number of violations committed by WBP Class IIB Narcotics Prison Muara Sabak is still quite high. Factors inhibiting the effectiveness of the free circulation of money policy at the Muara Sabak Class IIB Narcotics Penitentiary consist of the difficulties experienced by the WBP and the WBP's family to adapt to the use of technology, limited supporting infrastructure that hinder the implementation of the free circulation of money policy at the Muara Sabak Class IIB Narcotics Penitentiary, and there are still gaps related to the entry of cash into prisons, namely related to the accuracy and integrity of officers related to searches of people and goods. Efforts to overcome these obstacles, among others, officers should be more active socialization related to the implementation of the policy of free circulation of money at Class IIB Narcotics Lapas Muara Sabak to WBP and their families which is carried out on an ongoing basis, seeking to prepare supporting facilities/infrastructure either through budget allocations for prisons or through collaboration with other parties. external, and Instilling the values of integrity and professionalism by leaders both at the administrator level and at the supervisory level to all officers.

Tanggung Jawab Negara Indonesia Terhadap Imigran Ilegal Kajian Hukum Keimigrasian

Introduction: As a country with a strategic geographical position, Indonesia is often used as a stopover for immigrants.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this paper is to study aims to find out and analyze the Immigration Law Regulating Illegal Immigrants and State Responsibilities to Illegal Immigrants Study of Immigration LawMethods of the Research: This type of research is normative juridical where the research is carried out by collecting primary, secondary and tertiary data obtained using library research. The data that has been collected is analyzed qualitatively, the description of which is arranged systematically based on legal disciplines to achieve clarity on the issues to be discussed.Results of the Research: The results of this study indicate that illegal/illegal immigrants in Indonesian immigration law have the same position as foreigners who enter and/or are in Indonesian territory. Illegal immigration itself is the movement of one person across the borders of a country where the movement has violated the immigration laws of the destination country. The responsibility of the State in handling illegal Immigrants is carried out by the Directorate of Immigration Investigation and Enforcement. For each province in Indonesia as an extension of the ministry of law and human rights there are regional offices of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights with an implementing unit in the field of immigration called the Immigration Division. Handling illegal immigrants, the sub-unit authorized to handle this is the Intelligence and Immigration Enforcement Division. The second is the Immigration Office where this agency is the first agency in handling illegal immigrants in the field. The third institution is the Immigration Detention Center as a place of quarantine or temporary detention of illegal immigrants

Некоторые вопросы применения мер пресечения в виде домашнего ареста и содержания под стражей в уголовном судопроизводстве

Учитывая действующее международное и национальное законодательство, направленное на урегулирование уголовно-процессуальных и уголовно-исполнительных отношений между участвующими субъектами в досудебном процессе, особое внимание уделено вопросу недопущения нарушений конституционных прав и свобод подозреваемого и подсудимого, которые находятся непосредственно под домашним арестом или содержанием под стражей. В этой связи проведен всесторонний анализ процедуры избрания мер пресечения в досудебном производстве в виде домашнего ареста и содержания под стражей органами уголовного преследования и следственным судьей в отношении подозреваемого, обвиняемого или подсудимого. Анализируя статистические показатели касательно избраний мер пресечения, в частности, домашнего ареста либо содержания под стражей, возникает процессуальная необходимость в применении альтернативной меры пресечения как содержание под стражей, которое объясняется рядом причин и условиями. В результате это позволит нам снизить нагрузку в пенитенциарной системе, сэкономить бюджетные средства, выделяемые на содержание подозреваемого, обвиняемого или подсудимого в следственном изоляторе, решить некоторые вопросы, связанные с социальной адаптацией в последующем. В данном направлении имеет место анализ действующего национального законодательства на уровне положений самого Уголовно-процессуального кодекса Республики Казахстан и соответственно Закона Республики Казахстан «О порядке и условиях содержания специальных помещений в специальных учреждениях, обеспечивающих временную изоляцию лиц от общества». Исходя из обобщения и всестороннего анализа действующих нормативных источников, учебно-методической и научной литературы, статистико-правовых подходов, в содержании статьи нашла отражение позиция авторов в части совершенствования уголовно-процессуальных механизмов применения мер пресечения, таких как домашний арест и содержание под стражей. Приведенные в статье предложения связаны, по мнению авторов, с разработкой конкретных процессуальных механизмов для развития меры пресечения, в частности, домашнего ареста в досудебном производстве Казахстана.

Factors that Encourage Children to Engage in Criminal Acts

This study is intended to obtain a description of factors that encourage children to engage in criminal acts and become children under the supervision of correction and detention centers. This study applied a qualitative approach by conducting a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Key Informant Interview (KII). Two FGDs have been carried out, with one group of girls participating by four participants and one group of boys participating by four participants. The age of the participants ranged from 15 to 18 years old (M = 16.6). The KII was conducted with the head of the Educational and Counseling Division of the correction and detention center. The FGDs and KII were carried out at the correction and detention center for women and girls and for men in Tangerang, West Java Province, Indonesia. The result of this study indicated that poverty and economics are factors that influence children to commit crimes. Also, factors that encourage children to engage in criminal acts are personal factors, family environment, and peer pressure.

Психологическая коррекция личностных особенностей наркозависимых осужденных, отбывающих наказания в местах лишения свободы

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article discusses the personality traits and their psychological correction in convicts addicted to drugs, who are serving sentences in Corrective Colony No.1 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Udmurt Republic. During the course of an empirical study, it was found that drug-addicted convicts have a high level of addictive behaviours, tend to seek sensations, avoid a realistic perception of reality, are characterized by a high level of the functioning of psychological defenses, the destruction of family and interpersonal relationships, however, at the same time, they have a high adaptation to places of detention. In accordance with order No. 52-r of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia of February 21, 2018, a departmental program of social and psychological work is being tested in institutions of the penitentiary system in relation to drug addicts held in detention centers and correctional institutions. On the basis of the identified personality traits, psycho-correctional work was carried out with drug-addicted convicts in a strict regime corrective facility. The results obtained make it possible to identify positive personal changes in convicts after the application of the psycho-correction program, which in general contributes to their better preparation for life in freedom.</p>

Особенности профессионального выгорания сотрудников уголовно-исполнительной системы: психологический аспект

Introduction. The paper describes the results of the research involving junior and midlevel officers of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in Tver Oblast. Officers maintain the state security, work unsocial hours, experience stress caused by interaction with convicts. All these lead to the problem of personal changes in professional activity. There is a need to study and overcome professional burnout to prevent negative consequences and improve the way officers perform their duties.
 The aim of the research is to study the signs of professional burnout among correctional officers and determine the factors facilitating its occurrence.
 Methods. The basic techniques and methods comprise the questionnaire “Assessment of professional maladaptation” (O. N. Rodina), the questionnaire “Determination of integral forms of aggressive communication” (V. V. Boyko), The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova, the questionnaire “Professional deformation of correctional officers” (E. M. Danilina). An additional survey included “Test of meaning-life orientations” (MLO) (D.A. Leontiev).
 Results. The research revealed the significant components of the model of professional burnout of a correctional system officer. They include external locus of control, emotional shifts, work experience as a penal system officer, tendency to auto aggression, ability to become violent, decrease in activity, enjoying aggressive behaviour and ability to reflect aggression. The study found that the external locus of control is correlated with a high and moderate level of professional burnout. Beside the external locus of control, the main personal characteristics influencing the development of professional burnout of pretrial detention centre officers are emotional shifts with positive correlation with psycho-emotional exhaustion. According to the data, the factors of professional burnout of pretrial detention centre officers are personal features related to the emotions and volition of a person.

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАЩИТЫ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ ПОДОЗРЕВАЕМЫХ И ОБВИНЯЕМЫХ МУЖЧИН, ПОМЕЩЕННЫХ В СЛЕДСТВЕННЫЙ ИЗОЛЯТОР

The article is devoted to the study of the protective mechanisms of the psyche and personality characteristics of suspects and accused men placed in a pre- trial detention center of the penal system. The features of the use of the protective mechanisms of the psyche by these persons are studied. The analysis of literary sources has shown that the problem under consideration is poorly developed both theoretically and experimentally. As a result of the conducted research, personality characteristics, protective mechanisms, as well as their connections in men who are in group isolation and at large have been established.

САМОАКТУАЛИЗАЦИЯ ОСУЖДЕННОГО КАК ОДИН ИЗ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ КРИТЕРИЕВ ЕГО ИСПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article considers the possibility of using self-actualization indicators as markers of the convict's formation on the path of correction. It contains the results of an empirical study of the features of self-actualization of men aged 25-29, divided into three groups: previously convicted persons who were again in a pre-trial detention center in the status of suspects and accused; first brought to criminal responsibility, detained in a pre-trial detention center; men with the problem of finding a new job. It was found that the indicators of self-actualization were significantly higher in the group of men who found themselves in a pre-trial detention center for the first time, and they are specific for each of the three groups. It is concluded that the indicators of self-actualization can act as markers of correction of the convicted person (to indicate either his becoming on the path of correction, or the deepening of criminalization). The directions of further research on the problem of self-actualization of suspects, accused, convicted are shown.

Pendampingan Pembuatan Teh Daun Mint Untuk Meningkatkan Jiwa Wirausaha Warga Binaan Rutan KLS II B Situbondo

The State Detention Center (RUTAN) is an integral part of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, which is entrusted with the responsibility for executing the main tasks of the Ministry in the aspects of placement, care and services for prisoners. A concrete example of a detention center is the Situbondo Class II B Detention Center, a correctional institution located in Situbondo Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Individuals serving a sentence in a class II B State Detention Center, including inmates or detainees, have the need to improve their skills during the period of their detention. One of the rehabilitative activities carried out in prison is the practice of hydroponics, where one type of plant grown is mint. So far, the harvest of mint plants has been sold directly to prison visitors and also promoted at car free day activities in the Situbondo square. It was revealed that the leaves of the mint plant have significant health value and can be processed into herbal tea. In this context, assistance was provided with the process of making mint leaf tea at the Class II B Detention Center in Situbondo as part of efforts to diversify medicinal plants. This program aims to achieve two main benefits. First, stimulate the motivation of inmates to develop entrepreneurial skills after they are released from punishment, with the hope of improving their economic conditions. Second, increase their understanding of the processing of agricultural products, especially mint leaves which are processed into herbal tea. Training and practical methods are directly applied in this empowerment activity. The results include increased knowledge and skills in processing mint leaves into herbal tea. The final product of this program is herbal tea with an attractive and informative packaging design.

The Terrorist State and Its Margins: The Repressive Experience of Subordinate Personnel in the Armed and Security Forces in Operation Independence, Tucumán, Argentina, 1975–1977

In this article, I will analyse a seldom-heard voice in the recent history of the Southern Cone: testimonies from soldiers and former gendarmes who witnessed state crimes and, years later, found the courage to share their experiences in court. This is an unusual approach in Argentina to the study of perpetrators, which so far has prioritised public statements, official memories, and the experiences of career personnel in the Armed Forces. Instead, this research aligns with those works that seek to (re)think political disappearance from the margins and focuses on Operation Independence (Operativo Independencia), a military campaign carried out between 1975 and 1977 in the province of Tucumán. During this Operation, an institutional policy of forced disappearance of persons and of clandestine detention centres was put into practice for the first time; after the military government took power on March 24, 1976, it would spread to the rest of the country. I will examine an intermediate category between victims and perpetrators, namely the low-ranking personnel that occupied auxiliary functions, and argue that such stories from the margins of the terrorist State will allow us to access key aspects of the use of violence in that military campaign.

Migrant and Marginalized Body in Connection with Digital Technologies as a Prosthesis of the Monstrous

This article situates the (human) body as a signifier for society at large, arguing that developments in many societies of structural and systematic violence that targets minorities such as refugees and first nation peoples, points to a failure of democratic values. Using two examples, we elaborate technology and digital devices as prosthesis of the body, that are also acting as proxy for state violence. The first example is from the carceral archipelago of Manus Island as a site of remote detention of refugees carried out by the Australian government. Refugees held on Manus Island describe the treatment they experience as torture. The second example is drawn from the Australian mainland, telling the stories of First Nations children subjected to abuse and violence in juvenile detention centers. A judicial inquiry (Royal Commission) found that a systematic approach aimed at punishing children constituted torture. The concepts developed in this article are those of bordering and racialization, while the intertwining of human and “more than human life” helps to understand and challenge the necropolitical power evident in (liberal) capitalism.

Islamic Perspectives on Fulfilling Husband's Financial Responsibilities: Insights from Ulama Mazhab and Detained Citizenship

This article explains the fulfillment of the husband's income as a fostered citizen in the detention center and analyzes how Islamic law reviews the implementation of the husband's income in various perspectives of ulama mazhab; in this article, the author quotes the views of Imam Hanafi, Imam Shafi'I, and Imam Maliki, in addition to some views of other scholars such as Sayyid Sabiq. This research uses literature research methods. Data were obtained by analyzing texts in books and books and legal studies. The data is analyzed in a qualitative descriptive way. The results of this study show that in Islamic law with a variety of views of imams of the madhab, including Imam Shafi'I, Maliki, and Hanafi, have the same view about fulfilling the obligation to provide for husbands who are prison-assisted citizens, husbands who are in prison are still obliged to provide for their wives according to their ability.

Mediating Effect of Perceived Organizational Support in Role of Work-Family Conflict and Work Stress Correctional Police Officer at Temanggung Class II B Detention Center

This study examines and analyzes work-family conflict’s influence on work stress for Correctional Police Officers at Temanggung Class II B Detention Center. In addition, this study examines the mediating role of perceived organizational support on the relationship between work-family conflict and work stress. This research is quantitative and designed to test hypotheses. The data in this research is primary data taken from 40 correctional police officers with the criteria of being married. The results of this study indicate that work-family conflict has a significant positive effect on work stress. However, perceived organizational support did not significantly mediate the influence of work-family conflict on the work stress.