Detention Centers Research Articles

Innocence and danger at the border: migrants, “Bad” mothers, and the nation’s protectors

Media and political discourse in the USA often depict migration as an invasion and people who cross borders as criminals dangerous to the nation. Through ethnographic fieldwork conducted in two places on the USA-Mexico Southern border, we want to analyze how invasion narratives influence practices on-the-ground. We first explore how these narratives inform the views of a border militia who see themselves as protectors of the nation and understand people who cross borders as threats. We then argue that migrant women’s presence in areas where the militia operates disrupts the dominant narrative that defines migrants as dangerous, as militia members come to understand migrant women as victims of the Cartel. Despite their innocence, to maintain the narrative’s consistency, militia members still consider migrant women criminals for crossing the border “illegally.” Finally, we move on to explore the materiality of these xenophobic discourses by examining how migrant women are mistreated at a family immigration detention center. Using the militias as an example, we highlight why political narratives circulate and have meaning for individuals and how discourses have material consequences.

Hubungan Mekanisme Koping Dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Tahanan Di Rumah Tahanan Direktorat Tahanan Dan Barang Bukti Polda Kalteng

Coping mechanisms are an individual's ability to solve problems and respond to threatening situations. Stress is any situation that causes changes in a person's life so that forced to make adjustments to overcome it. The most important factor in resolving stress is the use of good coping mechanisms. Every prisoner has different levels of stress. This is caused by coping skills and the way of looking at the conditions of the problems faced, whether it is considered as a challenge or as a threat that has an impact on stress. This study aims to determine the relationship between coping mechanisms and stress levels in detainees in the detention house of the directorate of detention and evidence of the Central Kalimantan Regional Police. The research method is a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, the population is 54 prisoners, total sampling 54 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis using chi square test. The results showed that the statistical test obtained a value of ρ-value = 0.000 (<0.005) means that there is a relationship between coping mechanisms and stress levels in detainees at the detention center of the Central Kalimantan Regional Police detention and evidence directorate. It can be concluded, respondents with adaptive coping mechanisms were 34 prisoners (63%) while respondents with maladaptive coping mechanisms were 20 prisoners (37%), for respondents who had normal stress levels as many as 26 people (48.1%), mild stress levels 9 people (16.7%), moderate stress levels 13 people (24.1%) and severe stress levels 6 people (11.1%).

The private harms of detention: why Serco’s violence is not criminalised

ABSTRACT Immigration detention centres in Australia have been managed by corporations for the Commonwealth government for the last 25 years. Complaints of officers’ violence, including the use of tear gas and batons on detainees, have continued throughout. In recent years, reports suggest that officers tend to use force as a first resort to manage detainees’ conduct and routinely handcuff detainees for medical and other appointments outside detention. This article is titled ‘the private harms of detention’ not because officers’ use of force in detention is always hidden, but because few officers have faced criminal prosecution. I argue that flaws in the design and operation of risk assessments unduly heighten the risks posed by detainees. By justifying a greater level of force as reasonable, risk assessments mitigate the potential for officers to be held criminally culpable, and thereby diminish understandings of the seriousness of officers’ harmful use of force. The privatised nature of detention and ongoing controversy over the extent of power private detention operators should wield make it important to explore how such actors might influence forums of accountability.

Developing an alternative curriculum for mathematics teaching in a detention faculty adopting an ethnomathematics perspective

In Greece, as more or less all over the world, the curriculum is a matter of central authority and teachers can only apply it in their classrooms, without any connection to the whole curriculum development process. Students’ population in prison schools, and especially young prisoners, often show school denial, poor performance, academic inadequacy, and failure, leading to low self-esteem (Mallett, 2014). Common barriers to participation are lack of motivation —often because of the absence of any means for meaning-making and identity formation in prison— and previous negative education experiences (Liebling, 2011) especially in secondary school when they frequently begin to truant. Working, as teacher, for long time in the secondary school of a youth detention center in Greece, I faced the challenge to reconsider the formal curriculum. Following an ethnomathematics perspective, an alternative curriculum is developing aiming to meet young prisoners’ needs and expectations as a matter of social justice, taking into consideration the need of techniques and strategies that can help to untangle and respond to above structures as part of ongoing research, policy, and practice. The young detainees following the official curriculum applied in the mainstream classes are faced with various problems, such as lack of appropriate schoolbooks, the need to motivate and successfully address educational, psychological and environmental difficulties, and the need for developing a framework for alternative teaching practices and materials based on a multicultural education with the teaching and learning of mathematics, as is the case in the field of ethnomathematics is dictated.

“I want to stay here”: Patient and staff perspectives on transitioning from a low-threshold buprenorphine program to clinic-based care

BackgroundThe Project Connections At Re-Entry (PCARE) Van is a low-threshold buprenorphine program operating outside the Baltimore City Detention Center. Like other low-threshold programs, PCARE seeks to engage a vulnerable population in care, stabilize patients, then transition patients to longer-term care; however, <10% of patients transition to clinic-based buprenorphine treatment. Our goal was to better understand these low transition rates and center patient perspectives in discussion of broader low-threshold program design. MethodsFrom December 2022 to June 2023, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 former and current PCARE patients and 6 staff members. We used deductive and inductive coding followed by thematic content analysis to identify themes around treatment experiences and care preferences. ResultsThere were strong preferences among current and former patients for continuing buprenorphine treatment at the PCARE Van. Several themes emerged from the data that explained patient preferences, including both advantages to continuing care at the van (preference for continuity, feeling respected by the program’s structure and philosophy) and disadvantages to transitioning to a clinic (perceived harms associated with rigid or punitive care models). Staff noted limited program capacity, and patients expressed that if needed, they would transition to a clinic for altruistic reasons. Staff expressed varied perspectives on low-threshold care, emphasizing both larger systems factors, as well as beliefs about individual patient responsibility. ConclusionsWhile many low-threshold care settings are designed as transitional bridge models, this research highlights patient preference for long-term care at low-threshold programs and supports efforts to adapt low-threshold models to be sustainable as longitudinal care.

КОЛЛИЗИИ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА О РЕЖИМЕ ОСОБЫХ УСЛОВИЙ В УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

Based on the analysis of the provisions of normative legal acts (the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law «On the Detention of Suspects and Accused of committing Crimes», etc.), a number of conflicts of legislation regulating the application of the regime of special conditions in various institutions of the penal enforcement system (mainly in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers) are revealed. Attention is focused on the grounds for the introduction of a regime of special conditions in the institutions under consideration, the organization of their activities, the amount of restrictions imposed on detainees, the procedure for the introduction of a regime of special conditions. Separately, there is a lack of legislative regulation of the introduction of a regime of special conditions in correctional centers.

A Statewide Evaluation of the Implementation of Evidence-Based Suicide Prevention Guidelines in Juvenile Detention Centers.

This study aimed to explore suicide prevention in juvenile detention centers by conducting a case study of one state. Qualitative data from semistructured interviews were synthesized from 10 juvenile detention centers. Analytical techniques included thematic and content analysis and the integration of quantitative information and qualitative themes to illustrate key differences in suicide prevention practices and center characteristics among facilities with varying frequencies of crisis stabilization calls and critical incidents. Although the use of many suicide prevention practices was reported across the sample, the quality with which those practices were implemented was highly variable. The analysis suggests that facilities with higher-quality implementation of suicide prevention practices may have had leaders who acknowledged that their facility plays a role in suicide prevention. Moreover, preliminary evidence suggests that the quality of suicide prevention implementation may be associated with the number of crisis stabilization calls and critical incidents (i.e., variables related to suicidality) a facility experiences. Clear conceptualization of a juvenile detention center's role in suicide prevention may lead to better outcomes in suicide prevention implementation. High-quality implementation may reduce suicidality exhibited by youths in juvenile detention and save lives.

Unpublished Counterpublics: H. T. Tsiang’s Ellis Island Poems

Abstract The proletarian writer H. T. Tsiang worked and lived in the US under the constant threat of deportation since arriving in the country under the Johnson-Reed Act. This article examines a cache of poetry that Tsiang wrote in the Ellis Island detention center from 1940–1941 and mailed to the painter, book illustrator, and author Rockwell Kent. These poems, which are preserved among Kent’s papers in the form of a toilet paper manuscript, a make-shift chapbook, and typescript sheafs, were roundly rejected by publishers in Tsiang’s time. Yet they speak to his precarious immigration status and his long-term project of constituting proletarian readerships outside US publishing. Tsiang’s unpublished poems, I argue, composed a counterpublic of early Chinese American writing that grew from, and responded to, the conditions of exclusion.Having been detained on both Angel Island and Ellis Island, Tsiang was willing to take the “crooked path” into US cultural memory.

Establishment of the administrative expulsion as an element of the State's migration policy

The article examines the issues of formation and legal regulation of the institution of administrative expulsion in the domestic legal system, as well as special institutions – temporary detention centers for foreign citizens of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. These institutions are, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and possessing administrative legal personality, specialized regime law enforcement agencies established in order to comply with legal requirements in terms of: implementing the execution of administrative expulsion from the country, deportation or readmission, as well as isolation from society of immigrants subject to forced expulsion from the Russian Federation, deportation or readmission. The socio-economic and political changes that took place during the time period under consideration had an impact on the development of the democratization of society, manifested in respect and observance of human rights and freedoms in modern Russia, and led to the formation of legal norms governing the organization and activities of special institutions. The analysis of legislative acts related to the legal regulation of administrative expulsion and special institutions was carried out, statistical data for 2022 were analyzed. The authors identify the current problems that arise in the activities of Temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens, related both to imperfect interaction with other government agencies (FSSP), and personnel issues, and logistical support. In connection with the identified problems, the authors propose certain proposals for improving the activities of temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens. In particular, it is proposed to increase the number of personnel; reduce or not involve civilians at all in the protection of temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens; differentiate the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Federal Bailiff Service so that this service is actually engaged in expulsion and deportation, that is, escorted foreign citizens from temporary Detention Centers for foreign citizens to places of official expulsion.

INHERITANCE RIGHTS OF OUTSIDE MARRIAGE DESCENDANTS AFTER THE RULING OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT NUMBER 46 OF 2010

The aim of this research is to find out. Based on the background description above, a problem can be drawn, namely: How is the organizational performance of the Class II B Kudus State Detention Center implemented in improving public services and what are the obstacles that occur in implementing the organizational performance of the Class II B Kudus State Detention Center in improving public services? This research uses a sociological juridical approach. Sociological juridical approach, namely a research approach that examines the legal perceptions and behavior of people (humans and legal entities) and society as well as the effectiveness of the enactment of positive law in society. Implementation of the performance of the Class II B Kudus Prison in improving public services is reflected in the decision to accept prisoners, even though its main function is accepting prisoners. This is due to the unique situation in Kudus Regency which does not yet have a prison, forcing the Class IIB Kudus Detention Center to adapt and meet public needs in the criminal justice system. As a result, the detention center not only handles detainees but also inmates, having a broader impact on the criminal justice system and Kudus Regency society in general. This statement also highlights the relationship between legal structure, legal substance and legal culture in the context of public services

Multiple diagnoses in the context of parallel epidemics: methamphetamine, opioid use disorder and psychiatric conditions

PurposeThe most recent wave of the opioid epidemic in the USA has been complicated by a sharp increase in methamphetamine use. In addition, many people classified with opioid use disorder (OUD) and methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) present indications of psychiatric conditions. These diagnoses are also highly prevalent among people who are admitted to jails, but research conducted with this population is limited, due in part to the challenges associated with gaining access to local detention centers. This paper aims to examine the patterns of psychiatric conditions, OUD, and MUD among an understudied population to help inform the development of service delivery systems.Design/methodology/approachThe present study was designed to assess the prevalence of OUD, MUD and common psychiatric conditions in a large sample of adults (n = 846) collected from four local jails. Diagnostic patterns were evaluated according to the current criteria established in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed; American Psychiatric Association, 2013).FindingsMore than half (57.3%) of the sample met criteria for MUD, one-third (37.2%) exceeded the threshold for an OUD diagnosis and 15.7% were classified with both conditions. Participants who met criteria for both MUD and OUD were significantly more likely to experience symptoms of major depression [adjusted odd ratios (aOR) = 1.76, 9, confidence intervals (CI) = 1.16–2.67], post-traumatic stress disorder (aOR = 2.51, 1.64–3.83), panic attacks (aOR = 3.24, 95% CI = 2.05–5.13), obsessive compulsive disorder (aOR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.66–4.51) and antisocial personality (aOR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.97–4.64).Originality/valueThese results, which were derived from an understudied population of adults detained in local jails, indicate the co-–occurrence of MUD and OUD are associated with certain psychiatric conditions.

PEMBINAAN TERHADAP NARAPIDANA RESIDIVIS TINDAK PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA

The definition of coaching according to Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections is an activity carried out to improve the quality of personality and independence of prisoners and assisted children which aims to improve the quality of personality and independence of inmates so that they realize mistakes, improve themselves and not repeat criminal acts, so that can be accepted again by the community, can live normally as a good, law-abiding, responsible citizen, and can play an active role in development; and provide protection to the community from repetition of criminal acts. However, in reality, in the Class IIB Tapaktuan Detention Center, there are still many repeat crimes of narcotics abuse. This paper examines the implementation of training for recidivist prisoners for the crime of narcotics abuse in the class IIb detention center in Tapaktuan and the effectiveness of training for prisoners recidivist for the crime of narcotics abuse in the class IIb detention center in Tapaktuan. Based on the discussion above, it can be concluded that the implementation of guidance for criminal recidivists is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, but the implementation has not been effective due to the limited skills possessed by officers, the lack of facilities in the Tapaktuan Class IIB Detention Center and the lack of The awareness of the perpetrators is that there are still very few prisoners who are conscious and willing to learn.

Pemberian Remisi Sebagai Upaya Penanganan Over Kapasitas Di Rutan Kelas I Jakarta Pusat

Remission is one of the supporting legal means that provides influence in realizing the goals of the correctional system. Considering that currently the Class I Detention Center in Central Jakarta is experiencing a number of inmates that exceeds capacity or is over capacity. Of course, granting remissions to prisoners will be one of the efforts to reduce overcapacity in prisons or detention centers. So the aim of this research is to describe how granting remissions can help reduce the current overcapacity in Class I Detention Centers in Central Jakarta. The research used is qualitative research with the type of field research. Primary research data was collected through observation, interviews and documentation. Secondary data was collected through literature study. Next, all the found data were analyzed descriptively. The research results show that granting remissions can reduce the sentence but remissions have not been able to reduce overcapacity. Apart from that, there are still several obstacles in granting remission to prisoners even though the provisions have been regulated in Law no. 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections. Among the obstacles found were related to the completeness of prisoner administration and the behavioral factors of the prisoners themselves.

The Process of Proving Participation in the Crime of Terrorism in Indonesia

Objective: Terror is different from war; acts of terrorism are not subject to the procedures of warfare because the implementation is always sudden and the target victims are often civilians who are in crowded places. In early 2018, the tragedy of terrorism inmates at the Mobile Brigade Command Detention Center (Mako Brimob) in Kelapa Dua, Santa Maria Tak Bercela Church, GKI Diponegoro, Surabaya Central Pentecostal Church Sawahan Congregation, and Makassar Cathedral Church in March 2021 shook hearts with extraordinary horror. In an instant, there were victims of death, trauma, injuries, and lifelong disabilities. So that this can be categorized as a crime against humanity and a serious threat to the sovereignty of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Purposes of the Research: This research aims to examine and discuss the process of proving participation in the crime of terrorism in Indonesia. Methods: This type of research is normative juridical research, conducted by examining library materials or secondary data using a statutory and conceptual approach. Results and Discussion/Value: Judges play a crucial role in establishing justice during the proof process in the trial of terrorist crimes since the criminal act of terrorism has expanded and taken on multiple interpretations in the law. In order to convict a suspect as a result of an actual act and not just a notion or an ideology that cannot be used as an error, participation must be properly evaluated before labeling the suspect as the culprit in this case.

Adolescents' life between violence and discipline. Medical care in the "Jugendhäuser" juvenile detention centers in East Germany in the 1960s-1980s.

In 1952-1989, special juvenile detention centers, called Jugendhäuser, were established in the German Democratic Republic. There, juvenile delinquents had to not only complete their sentences, but they were also supposed to be re-educated into conscious socialist personalities through a system of collective education proposed by Soviet pedagogue Anton Makarenko. Among twelve Jugendhäuser in East Germany, the ones in Halle and Dessau were considered to have the most severe conditions due to the praxis of mental and physical violence. For the first time, based on the personal files of former juvenile prisoners and archival documents of medical services, we reconstruct a picture of the health status of prisoners and medical care in both these Jugendhäuser. We analyzed personal files of juvenile prisoners from the Archive of the Correctional Facility in Halle and unpublished documents from the Saxony-Anhalt State Archive, Magdeburg Department, the State Archive in Leipzig and the Stasi Records Archive in Halle. For the examination of these sources, we implemented the historical-critical method. The Jugendhäuser had a system of outpatient and inpatient treatment. Although the medical services rated the level of health care as good at those detention centers, numerous complaints from juveniles, as well as cases of failure to provide assistance, indicated certain deficiencies. Cases of violence in juvenile prisons were common, especially in the Jugendhaus Halle. Brawls between inmates led to injuries and sometimes even to deaths. Fear of beatings resulted in desperate acts such as self-harm, suicide and escapes from prison. The health status of young prisoners in the Jugendhäuser in Halle and Dessau was negatively affected by violence and often by lack of medical care. The prevalence of violence can be attributed to challenges of the penal system as well as deficiencies of the medical services. Since repressive means were used to overcome the violence, such efforts were not successful. The medical services did not offer specialized care for juveniles with mental and learning disorders or those who required psychological or even psychotherapeutic support. Physical health issues were also often ignored due to the stigmatization of sick juveniles as malingerers.

Examining body mass index and health-related fitness marker progression of incarcerated minority youth engaged in a sport-leadership program

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a sport-leadership program on minority incarcerated young adults’ health-related fitness markers.Design/methodology/approachThis study occurred at an all-male juvenile detention center. A total of 41 participants in this study were obtained from a sample of 103 incarcerated young adults. Data collection entailed body mass index (BMI) evaluation, cardiovascular endurance tests and 1-min pushups and situps at two different time periods (before and after three months). A 2 × 2 mixed factorial analysis of variances was used to test for differences among the within subjects’ factors (time [pre × post]) and between subjects’ factors (groups [flex × control]) for the above-mentioned dependent variables.FindingsOver the course of three consecutive months of engagement, preliminary indications demonstrated participants had a slight reduction in BMI and significant increases in cardiovascular endurance and muscle strength. Contrarily, during this same time period, non-participating young adults exhibited significant increases in BMI and decreases in cardiovascular endurance and muscle strength.Originality/valueIntegration of sport-leadership programs is generally not free but can be a low-cost alternative for combatting many issues surrounding physical activity, weight gain and recreational time for those incarcerated.

The effectiveness of court-mandated compulsory treatment in promoting abstinence among people with substance use disorders in Iran

BackgroundIn Iran, people living with substance use disorders who engage in public drug use may be subjected to court-mandated treatment in compulsory drug detention and rehabilitation centers (CDDRC). This study aims to assess residential CDDRC's effectiveness in promoting sustained abstinence among people who use drugs (PWUD) in Kerman, Iran. MethodsBetween October 1, 2021, and September 30, 2022, 1,083 adult male PWUD with a diagnosis of substance use disorders and a history of engagement in public drug use were admitted to the CDDRC in Kerman. They were followed-up for 12 months after discharge. The relationship between baseline variables and abstinence, assessed using rapid urine tests, was examined using crude logistic regression models. ResultsMost PWUD were 30 or older (n = 876, 80.9 %) and had a history of previous CDDRC admission (n = 638, 58.9 %). At the end of the 12-month follow-up, only 2.6 % (95 % confidence intervals: 1.7–3.7) were abstinent. Individuals with limited education (Odds ratio [OR] = 3.43; 1.50–7.95) and those with a prior history of admission to the CDDRC (OR = 3.73; 1.55–9.89) had increased odds of relapse. ConclusionsThe effectiveness of CDDRC in promoting abstinence among the participants was minimal. This highlights the necessity of reassessing support and investment in these interventions and considering more evidence-informed alternative approaches in Iran.

Which sociodemographic and clinical characteristics are associated with recurrent incarcerations in adult male people who are incarcerated? A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Although risk factors for recidivism were extensively studied, re-incarcerations still account for a disproportionate amount of overall service use and cost. Therefore, the main objectives of the study were (1) to estimate the prevalence of re-incarcerations in a sample of male incarcerated people and (2) to verify if some socio-demographic and clinical features including impulsivity can be risk factors of re-incarceration. We conducted a cross-sectional study recruiting 479 newly arrived incarcerated people in an Italian detention centre, between 2018 and 2022. The incarcerated individuals were interviewed to collect clinical information. Impulsivity was assessed by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). A total of 479 consecutive male incarcerated people was included. Two hundred and seventy-six of them (57.6%) had previously been incarcerated. Logistic regression analysis showed that having higher age, to be married or in relationship, to have low-medium level of education, housing instability, low or no income, cocaine use disorder in the last year and a history of non-suicidal self-injuries increased the likelihood of recurrent incarcerations. Moreover, re-incarceration was associated with higher rate of personality disorders and higher scores on attentional and motor impulsivity. Reintegration programs should address some risk factors associated with re-incarceration and promote social rehabilitation among incarcerated individuals.

Expanding Knowledge About Music and Well-Being in Carceral Settings: A Methodological Review.

This methodological review includes literature (1987-2022) concerning the role and influence of musical practices-including music therapy and participatory music interventions-on well-being in carceral settings such as jails, prisons, and immigration detention centers. We provide a thorough description of key methodological procedures used in 55 studies: (1) Key Elements of Research Questions; (2) Types of Musical Practices; (3) Musical Genres; (4) Methodologies and Designs; (5) Locations; (6) Theoretical Frameworks; and (7) Samples. Our review indicates that there is difficulty in conducting research in prisons due to limitations imposed on researchers, a paucity of randomized-control trials, and limited generalizability of results due to the heterogeneity of methodological approaches. We suggest that the literature base would benefit from increased attention to issues related to sampling procedures, research questions related to race and gender identity, as well as the delineation between the types of musical practices utilized by music interventions.

Fostering voice behavior in correctional institutions: Investigating the role of organizational support and proactive personality.

This research delves into the intricate interplay between perceived organizational support, proactive personality, and voice behavior. Furthermore, it establishes the pivotal role of work engagement as a mediating factor within the articulated research model. The study engaged 287 healthcare professionals within correctional institutions and detention centers in Indonesia, employing a dual-phase questionnaire distribution to capture the dynamic aspects of the participants' experiences. Utilizing the statistical technique of Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling with the SmartPLS 4 program as an analysis tool, the collected data underwent comprehensive analysis. The outcomes reveal that proactive personality significantly influences voice behavior both directly and indirectly through its impact on work engagement. Conversely, perceived organizational support directly influences work engagement but does not exhibit a direct impact on voice behavior. These findings underscore the significance of proactive personality in fostering a conducive environment for constructive organizational change from a grassroots perspective. The study suggests that organizations prioritize the cultivation of proactive personality traits to stimulate voice behavior, thereby facilitating ongoing improvements and sustainable organizational progress.